UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark one)
þ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012.
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
For the transition period from _____________________ to _____________________.
Commission file number 0-4604
CINCINNATI FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Ohio | 31-0746871 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
6200 S. Gilmore Road, Fairfield, Ohio | 45014-5141 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (513) 870-2000
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
þYes ¨ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
þYes ¨ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a nonaccelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
þLarge accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer ¨ Nonaccelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act):
¨Yes þ No
As of October 22, 2012, there were 162,686,191 shares of common stock outstanding.
CINCINNATI FINANCIAL CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part I – Financial Information | 3 |
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited) | 3 |
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | 3 |
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Operations | 4 |
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity | 5 |
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 6 |
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) | 7 |
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 21 |
Safe Harbor Statement | 21 |
Introduction | 23 |
Liquidity and Capital Resources | 48 |
Other Matters | 51 |
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 52 |
Fixed-Maturity Investments | 52 |
Equity Investments | 55 |
Unrealized Investment Gains and Losses | 55 |
Item 4. Controls and Procedures | 58 |
Part II – Other Information | 58 |
Item 1. Legal Proceedings | 58 |
Item 1A. Risk Factors | 58 |
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 58 |
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities | 59 |
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures | 59 |
Item 5. Other Information | 59 |
Item 6. Exhibits | 59 |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 2 |
Part I – Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)
Cincinnati Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
(In millions except per share data) | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Investments | ||||||||
Fixed maturities, at fair value (amortized cost: 2012—$8,233; 2011—$8,084) | $ | 9,116 | $ | 8,779 | ||||
Equity securities, at fair value (cost: 2012—$2,315; 2011—$2,162) | 3,349 | 2,956 | ||||||
Other invested assets | 68 | 66 | ||||||
Total investments | 12,533 | 11,801 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 416 | 438 | ||||||
Investment income receivable | 116 | 119 | ||||||
Finance receivable | 76 | 76 | ||||||
Premiums receivable | 1,247 | 1,087 | ||||||
Reinsurance recoverable | 589 | 622 | ||||||
Prepaid reinsurance premiums | 26 | 24 | ||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs | 491 | 477 | ||||||
Land, building and equipment, net, for company use (accumulated depreciation: 2012—$390; 2011—$376) | 223 | 227 | ||||||
Other assets | 47 | 93 | ||||||
Separate accounts | 715 | 671 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 16,479 | $ | 15,635 | ||||
LIABILITIES | ||||||||
Insurance reserves | ||||||||
Loss and loss expense reserves | $ | 4,344 | $ | 4,339 | ||||
Life policy and investment contract reserves | 2,285 | 2,214 | ||||||
Unearned premiums | 1,818 | 1,633 | ||||||
Other liabilities | 573 | 517 | ||||||
Deferred income tax | 453 | 303 | ||||||
Note payable | 104 | 104 | ||||||
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations | 828 | 821 | ||||||
Separate accounts | 715 | 671 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 11,120 | 10,602 | ||||||
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 13) | — | — | ||||||
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | ||||||||
Common stock, par value—$2 per share; (authorized: 2012 and 2011—500 million shares; issued and outstanding: 2012—197 million shares and 2011—196 million shares) | 394 | 393 | ||||||
Paid-in capital | 1,119 | 1,096 | ||||||
Retained earnings | 3,896 | 3,863 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 1,171 | 901 | ||||||
Treasury stock at cost (2012 and 2011—34 million shares) | (1,221 | ) | (1,220 | ) | ||||
Total shareholders' equity | 5,359 | 5,033 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 16,479 | $ | 15,635 |
Accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 3 |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated
Statements of
Comprehensive Operations
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(In millions except per share data) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
REVENUES | ||||||||||||||||
Earned premiums | $ | 889 | $ | 812 | $ | 2,605 | $ | 2,367 | ||||||||
Investment income, net of expenses | 132 | 130 | 395 | 393 | ||||||||||||
Total realized investment gains (losses), net | 10 | (2 | ) | 29 | 77 | |||||||||||
Fee revenues | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Other revenues | 3 | 3 | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues | 1,035 | 944 | 3,041 | 2,848 | ||||||||||||
BENEFITS AND EXPENSES | ||||||||||||||||
Insurance losses and policyholder benefits | 571 | 656 | 1,840 | 2,032 | ||||||||||||
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses | 296 | 260 | 857 | 775 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | 14 | 13 | 41 | 40 | ||||||||||||
Other operating expenses | 2 | 4 | 10 | 14 | ||||||||||||
Total benefits and expenses | 883 | 933 | 2,748 | 2,861 | ||||||||||||
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES | 152 | 11 | 293 | (13 | ) | |||||||||||
PROVISION (BENEFIT) FOR INCOME TAXES | ||||||||||||||||
Current | 34 | 17 | 60 | (9 | ) | |||||||||||
Deferred | 7 | (25 | ) | 4 | (34 | ) | ||||||||||
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes | 41 | (8 | ) | 64 | (43 | ) | ||||||||||
NET INCOME | $ | 111 | $ | 19 | $ | 229 | $ | 30 | ||||||||
PER COMMON SHARE | ||||||||||||||||
Net income—basic | $ | 0.69 | $ | 0.12 | $ | 1.41 | $ | 0.19 | ||||||||
Net income—diluted | 0.68 | 0.12 | 1.40 | 0.19 | ||||||||||||
NET INCOME | $ | 111 | $ | 19 | $ | 229 | $ | 30 | ||||||||
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), BEFORE TAX | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments available-for-sale | 263 | (305 | ) | 457 | (21 | ) | ||||||||||
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income | (10 | ) | 2 | (29 | ) | (77 | ) | |||||||||
Unrealized (losses) on other | (6 | ) | (6 | ) | (16 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments available-for-sale and other | 247 | (309 | ) | 412 | (105 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortization of pension actuarial loss and prior service cost | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Less: amortization of pension prior service cost included in net income | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Defined benefit pension plan | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax | 249 | (308 | ) | 417 | (102 | ) | ||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) related to items of other comprehensive income | 88 | (108 | ) | 147 | (36 | ) | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | 161 | (200 | ) | 270 | (66 | ) | ||||||||||
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) | $ | 272 | $ | (181 | ) | $ | 499 | $ | (36 | ) |
Accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 4 |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
Accumulated | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Other | Share- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding | Paid-In | Retained | Comprehensive | Treasury | holders' | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | Shares | Amount | Capital | Earnings | Income | Stock | Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as reported December 31, 2010 | 163 | $ | 393 | $ | 1,091 | $ | 3,980 | $ | 769 | $ | (1,201 | ) | $ | 5,032 | ||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting for deferred policy acquisition costs, net of tax | - | - | - | (20 | ) | - | - | (20 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance as adjusted December 31, 2010 | 163 | 393 | 1,091 | 3,960 | 769 | (1,201 | ) | 5,012 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | - | - | - | 30 | - | - | 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net | - | - | - | - | (66 | ) | - | (66 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared | - | - | - | (196 | ) | - | - | (196 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based awards exercised and vested | - | - | (5 | ) | - | - | 3 | (2 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | - | - | 10 | - | - | - | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Purchases | - | - | - | - | - | (30 | ) | (30 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other | - | - | 2 | - | - | 4 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance September 30, 2011 | 163 | $ | 393 | $ | 1,098 | $ | 3,794 | $ | 703 | $ | (1,224 | ) | $ | 4,764 | ||||||||||||||
Balance December 31, 2011 | 162 | $ | 393 | $ | 1,096 | $ | 3,863 | $ | 901 | $ | (1,220 | ) | $ | 5,033 | ||||||||||||||
Net income | - | - | - | 229 | - | - | 229 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net | - | - | - | - | 270 | - | 270 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared | - | - | - | (196 | ) | - | - | (196 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based awards exercised and vested | 1 | 1 | 10 | - | - | 2 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | - | - | 12 | - | - | - | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Purchases | - | - | - | - | - | (7 | ) | (7 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other | - | - | 1 | - | - | 4 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance September 30, 2012 | 163 | $ | 394 | $ | 1,119 | $ | 3,896 | $ | 1,171 | $ | (1,221 | ) | $ | 5,359 |
Accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 5 |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Nine months ended September 30, | ||||||||
(In millions) | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 229 | $ | 30 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
Depreciation, amortization and other non-cash items | 32 | 38 | ||||||
Realized gains on investments, net | (29 | ) | (77 | ) | ||||
Stock-based compensation | 12 | 10 | ||||||
Interest credited to contract holders | 25 | 38 | ||||||
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense | 4 | (34 | ) | |||||
Changes in: | ||||||||
Investment income receivable | 3 | 2 | ||||||
Premiums and reinsurance receivable | (129 | ) | (231 | ) | ||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs | (37 | ) | (30 | ) | ||||
Other assets | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Loss and loss expense reserves | 5 | 321 | ||||||
Life policy reserves | 53 | 89 | ||||||
Unearned premiums | 185 | 104 | ||||||
Other liabilities | 33 | (49 | ) | |||||
Current income tax receivable/payable | 51 | (62 | ) | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 433 | 148 | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Sale of fixed maturities | 131 | 47 | ||||||
Call or maturity of fixed maturities | 689 | 592 | ||||||
Sale of equity securities | 165 | 410 | ||||||
Purchase of fixed maturities | (914 | ) | (934 | ) | ||||
Purchase of equity securities | (325 | ) | (179 | ) | ||||
Investment in buildings and equipment, net | (5 | ) | (12 | ) | ||||
Investment in finance receivables | (24 | ) | (23 | ) | ||||
Collection of finance receivables | 24 | 23 | ||||||
Change in other invested assets, net | 2 | 5 | ||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (257 | ) | (71 | ) | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Payment of cash dividends to shareholders | (191 | ) | (191 | ) | ||||
Purchase of treasury shares | - | (30 | ) | |||||
Increase in notes payable | - | 55 | ||||||
Proceeds from stock options exercised | 6 | - | ||||||
Contract holders' funds deposited | 79 | 81 | ||||||
Contract holders' funds withdrawn | (83 | ) | (64 | ) | ||||
Excess tax benefits on share-based compensation | 1 | 3 | ||||||
Other | (10 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in financing activities | (198 | ) | (154 | ) | ||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | (22 | ) | (77 | ) | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 438 | 385 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 416 | $ | 308 | ||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | ||||||||
Interest paid | $ | 28 | $ | 27 | ||||
Income taxes paid | 8 | 53 | ||||||
Non-cash activities: | ||||||||
Conversion of securities | $ | 21 | $ | - | ||||
Equipment acquired under capital lease obligations | 20 | 24 | ||||||
Cashless exercise of stock options | 7 | - |
Accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 6 |
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
NOTE 1 — ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cincinnati Financial Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, each of which is wholly owned. These statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Our actual results could differ from those estimates. The December 31, 2011, condensed consolidated balance sheet amounts are derived from the audited financial statements but do not include all disclosures required by GAAP.
Our September 30, 2012, condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited. Certain financial information that is included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP is not required for interim reporting and has been condensed or omitted. We believe that we have made all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals, that are necessary for fair presentation. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements included in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations for interim periods do not necessarily indicate results to be expected for the full year.
Adopted Accounting Updates
ASU 2010-26, Accounting for Costs Associated with Acquiring or Renewing Insurance Contracts
In October 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2010-26, Accounting for Costs Associated with Acquiring or Renewing Insurance Contracts. ASU 2010-26 modified the definitions of the type of costs incurred by insurance entities that can be capitalized in the successful acquisition of new and renewal contracts. ASU 2010-26 requires incremental direct costs of successful contract acquisition as well as certain costs related to underwriting, policy issuance and processing, medical and inspection and sales force contract selling for successful contract acquisition to be capitalized. These incremental direct costs and other costs are those that are essential to the contract transaction and would not have been incurred had the contract transaction not occurred. We retrospectively adopted ASU 2010-26 on January 1, 2012.
The following table illustrates the effect of adopting ASU 2010-26 in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||
(In millions, except per share amounts) | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||
As Previously Reported | As Adjusted | Difference | ||||||||||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs | $ | 491 | $ | 510 | $ | 477 | $ | (33 | ) | |||||||
Total assets | 16,479 | 15,668 | 15,635 | (33 | ) | |||||||||||
Deferred income tax liability | 453 | 314 | 303 | (11 | ) | |||||||||||
Shareholders' equity | 5,359 | 5,055 | 5,033 | (22 | ) | |||||||||||
Book value per share | 32.95 | 31.16 | 31.03 | (0.13 | ) |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 7 |
The following table illustrates the effect of adopting ASU 2010-26 in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive operations:
Three months ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
(In millions, except per share amounts) | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||
As Previously Reported | As Adjusted | Difference | ||||||||||||||
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses | $ | 296 | $ | 260 | $ | 260 | $ | 0 | ||||||||
Net income | 111 | 19 | 19 | 0 | ||||||||||||
Net income per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.69 | $ | 0.12 | $ | 0.12 | $ | 0.00 | ||||||||
Diluted | 0.68 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.00 |
Nine months ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||
As Previously Reported | As Adjusted | Difference | ||||||||||||||
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses | $ | 857 | $ | 772 | $ | 775 | $ | 3 | ||||||||
Net income | 229 | 32 | 30 | (2 | ) | |||||||||||
Net income per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 1.41 | $ | 0.20 | $ | 0.19 | $ | (0.01 | ) | |||||||
Diluted | 1.40 | 0.20 | 0.19 | (0.01 | ) |
ASU 2011-04, Fair Value Measurements, Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRS
In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, Fair Value Measurements, Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The ASU converges fair value measurement and disclosures among U.S. GAAP and IFRS. ASU 2011-04 changes certain fair value measurement principles and expands disclosure requirements. The company adopted ASU 2011-04 during the first quarter of 2012, and it did not have a material impact on our company’s financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
ASU 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12, Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income. ASU 2011-05 requires entities to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single, continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. ASU 2011-12 defers the changes in ASU 2011-05 that relate to the presentation of reclassification adjustments. The deferral of those changes allows the FASB time to redeliberate whether to present on the face of the financial statements the effects of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income for all periods presented. The company adopted ASU 2011-12 and ASU 2011-05 during the first quarter of 2012, and they did not have a material impact on our company’s financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
NOTE 2 – SEGMENT INFORMATION
We operate primarily in two industries, property casualty insurance and life insurance. We regularly review our reporting segments to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance:
· | Commercial lines property casualty insurance |
· | Personal lines property casualty insurance |
· | Excess and surplus lines property casualty insurance |
· | Life insurance |
· | Investments |
We report as Other the noninvestment operations of the parent company and its noninsurer subsidiary, CFC Investment Company. See our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 8, Note 18, Segment Information, Page 136, for a description of revenue, income or loss before income taxes and identifiable assets for each of the five segments.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 8 |
Segment information is summarized in the following table:
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Revenues: | ||||||||||||||||
Commercial lines insurance | ||||||||||||||||
Commercial casualty | $ | 197 | $ | 180 | $ | 569 | $ | 532 | ||||||||
Commercial property | 138 | 128 | 403 | 369 | ||||||||||||
Commercial auto | 108 | 100 | 315 | 292 | ||||||||||||
Workers' compensation | 89 | 78 | 255 | 235 | ||||||||||||
Specialty packages | 37 | 36 | 112 | 100 | ||||||||||||
Surety and executive risk | 28 | 26 | 82 | 76 | ||||||||||||
Machinery and equipment | 10 | 9 | 29 | 26 | ||||||||||||
Commercial lines insurance premiums | 607 | 557 | 1,765 | 1,630 | ||||||||||||
Fee revenue | - | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Total commercial lines insurance | 607 | 558 | 1,767 | 1,632 | ||||||||||||
Personal lines insurance | ||||||||||||||||
Personal auto | 101 | 94 | 299 | 273 | ||||||||||||
Homeowner | 90 | 74 | 261 | 216 | ||||||||||||
Other personal lines | 28 | 25 | 82 | 74 | ||||||||||||
Personal lines insurance premiums | 219 | 193 | 642 | 563 | ||||||||||||
Fee revenue | 1 | - | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||
Total personal lines insurance | 220 | 193 | 644 | 564 | ||||||||||||
Excess and surplus lines insurance | 25 | 19 | 68 | 51 | ||||||||||||
Life insurance | 39 | 44 | 131 | 125 | ||||||||||||
Investment operations | 142 | 128 | 424 | 470 | ||||||||||||
Other | 2 | 2 | 7 | 6 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 1,035 | $ | 944 | $ | 3,041 | $ | 2,848 | ||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes: | ||||||||||||||||
Insurance underwriting results: | ||||||||||||||||
Commercial lines insurance | $ | 60 | $ | (44 | ) | $ | 74 | $ | (195 | ) | ||||||
Personal lines insurance | (12 | ) | (38 | ) | (89 | ) | (183 | ) | ||||||||
Excess and surplus lines insurance | (3 | ) | 2 | (8 | ) | 1 | ||||||||||
Life insurance | - | (3 | ) | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | |||||||||
Investment operations | 121 | 107 | 362 | 409 | ||||||||||||
Other | (14 | ) | (13 | ) | (44 | ) | (44 | ) | ||||||||
Total | $ | 152 | $ | 11 | $ | 293 | $ | (13 | ) |
Identifiable assets: | September 30, | December 31, | ||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Property casualty insurance | $ | 2,294 | $ | 2,272 | ||||
Life insurance | 1,200 | 1,237 | ||||||
Investment operations | 12,582 | 11,883 | ||||||
Other | 403 | 243 | ||||||
Total | $ | 16,479 | $ | 15,635 |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 9 |
NOTE 3 – INVESTMENTS
The following table provides cost or amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value for our invested assets:
Cost or | ||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | amortized | Gross unrealized | Fair | |||||||||||||
At September 30, 2012 | cost | gains | losses | value | ||||||||||||
Fixed maturities: | ||||||||||||||||
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | $ | 3,023 | $ | 265 | $ | - | $ | 3,288 | ||||||||
Convertibles and bonds with warrants attached | 31 | - | - | 31 | ||||||||||||
United States government | 7 | 1 | - | 8 | ||||||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprises | 116 | - | - | 116 | ||||||||||||
Foreign government | 3 | - | - | 3 | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities | 5,053 | 621 | 4 | 5,670 | ||||||||||||
Subtotal | 8,233 | 887 | 4 | 9,116 | ||||||||||||
Equity securities: | ||||||||||||||||
Common equities | 2,212 | 1,000 | 2 | 3,210 | ||||||||||||
Preferred equities | 103 | 36 | - | 139 | ||||||||||||
Subtotal | 2,315 | 1,036 | 2 | 3,349 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 10,548 | $ | 1,923 | $ | 6 | $ | 12,465 | ||||||||
At December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed maturities: | ||||||||||||||||
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | $ | 3,006 | $ | 246 | $ | - | $ | 3,252 | ||||||||
Convertibles and bonds with warrants attached | 59 | - | - | 59 | ||||||||||||
United States government | 6 | 1 | - | 7 | ||||||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprises | 159 | 1 | - | 160 | ||||||||||||
Foreign government | 3 | - | - | 3 | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities | 4,851 | 465 | 18 | 5,298 | ||||||||||||
Subtotal | 8,084 | 713 | 18 | 8,779 | ||||||||||||
Equity securities: | ||||||||||||||||
Common equities | 2,088 | 801 | 35 | 2,854 | ||||||||||||
Preferred equities | 74 | 28 | - | 102 | ||||||||||||
Subtotal | 2,162 | 829 | 35 | 2,956 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 10,246 | $ | 1,542 | $ | 53 | $ | 11,735 |
The net unrealized investment gains in our fixed-maturity portfolio are primarily the result of the current low interest rate environment that increased the fair value of our fixed-maturity portfolio. Included in corporate fixed maturities are $27 million of AAA rated commercial mortgage-backed securities. The three largest net unrealized investment gains in our common stock portfolio are from Exxon Mobil Corporation (NYSE:XOM), The Procter & Gamble Company (NYSE:PG) and Chevron Corporation (NYSE:CVX), which had a combined net gain position of $300 million. At September 30, 2012, we had $31 million fair value of hybrid securities included in fixed maturities that follow Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 815-15-25, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments. The hybrid securities are carried at fair value, and the changes in fair value are included in realized investment gains and losses. At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, there were no other-than-temporary impairments included within accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI).
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 10 |
The table below provides fair values and unrealized losses by investment category and by the duration of the securities’ continuous unrealized loss position:
Less than 12 months | 12 months or more | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | Fair | Unrealized | Fair | Unrealized | Fair | Unrealized | ||||||||||||||||||
At September 30, 2012 | value | losses | value | losses | value | losses | ||||||||||||||||||
Fixed maturities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | $ | 18 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 18 | $ | - | ||||||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprises | 10 | - | - | - | 10 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Corporate securities | 74 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 105 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 102 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 133 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity securities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common equities | 41 | 2 | - | - | 41 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Preferred equities | 6 | - | - | - | 6 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 47 | 2 | - | - | 47 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 149 | $ | 4 | $ | 31 | $ | 2 | $ | 180 | $ | 6 | ||||||||||||
At December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed maturities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 12 | $ | - | $ | 12 | $ | - | ||||||||||||
United States government | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprises | 10 | - | - | - | 10 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Corporate securities | 380 | 13 | 57 | 5 | 437 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 391 | 13 | 69 | 5 | 460 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity securities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common equities | 333 | 35 | - | - | 333 | 35 | ||||||||||||||||||
Preferred equities | 5 | - | 19 | - | 24 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 338 | 35 | 19 | - | 357 | 35 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 729 | $ | 48 | $ | 88 | $ | 5 | $ | 817 | $ | 53 |
The following table provides realized investment gains and losses and the change in unrealized investment gains and losses and other items:
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Realized investment gains and losses summary: | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed maturities: | ||||||||||||||||
Gross realized gains | $ | 14 | $ | 2 | $ | 30 | $ | 9 | ||||||||
Gross realized losses | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Other-than-temporary impairments | - | (3 | ) | - | (3 | ) | ||||||||||
Equity securities: | ||||||||||||||||
Gross realized gains | 1 | 18 | 30 | 132 | ||||||||||||
Gross realized losses | - | (17 | ) | (1 | ) | (35 | ) | |||||||||
Other-than-temporary impairments | (2 | ) | - | (32 | ) | (30 | ) | |||||||||
Securities with embedded derivatives | (4 | ) | (4 | ) | 1 | - | ||||||||||
Other | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 10 | $ | (2 | ) | $ | 29 | $ | 77 | |||||||
Change in unrealized gains and losses summary: | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed maturities | $ | 110 | $ | 76 | $ | 188 | $ | 180 | ||||||||
Equity securities | 143 | (379 | ) | 240 | (278 | ) | ||||||||||
Adjustment to deferred acquisition costs and life policy reserves | (6 | ) | (7 | ) | (21 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of pension actuarial loss and prior service cost | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Other | - | 1 | 5 | 4 | ||||||||||||
Income taxes on above | (88 | ) | 108 | (147 | ) | 36 | ||||||||||
Total | $ | 161 | $ | (200 | ) | $ | 270 | $ | (66 | ) |
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, there were no credit losses on fixed-maturity securities for which a portion of other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) has been recognized in other comprehensive income.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2012, we other-than-temporarily impaired seven securities. At September 30, 2012, eight fixed-maturity investments with a total unrealized loss of $2 million had been in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or more. Of that total, no fixed-maturity investments had fair values below 70 percent of amortized cost. There were no equity investments in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or more as of September 30, 2012.
At December 31, 2011, 20 fixed-maturity investments with a total unrealized loss of $5 million had been in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or more. Of that total, no fixed-maturity investments had fair values below 70 percent of amortized cost. Two equity investments with a total unrealized loss of less than $1 million had been in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or more as of December 31, 2011. Of that total, no equity investments were trading below 70 percent of cost.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 11 |
NOTE 4 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Fair Value Hierarchy
In accordance with accounting guidance for fair value measurements and disclosures, we categorized our financial instruments, based on the priority of the observable and market-based data for the valuation technique used, into a three-level fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices with readily available independent data in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable market inputs (Level 3). When various inputs for measurement fall within different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the lowest observable input that has a significant impact on fair value measurement is used. Our valuation techniques have not changed from those used at December 31, 2011, and ultimately management determines fair value.
Financial instruments are categorized based upon the following characteristics or inputs to the valuation techniques:
· | Level 1 – Financial assets and liabilities for which inputs are observable and are obtained from reliable quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. This is the most reliable fair value measurement and includes, for example, active exchange-traded equity securities. |
· | Level 2 – Financial assets and liabilities for which values are based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which values are based on similar assets and liabilities that are actively traded. This also includes pricing models for which the inputs are corroborated by market data. |
· | Level 3 – Financial assets and liabilities for which values are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. Level 3 inputs include the following: |
o | Quotes from brokers or other external sources that are not considered binding; |
o | Quotes from brokers or other external sources where it cannot be determined that market participants would in fact transact for the asset or liability at the quoted price; or |
o | Quotes from brokers or other external sources where the inputs are not deemed observable. |
We conduct a thorough review of fair value hierarchy classifications on a quarterly basis. We primarily base fair value for investments in equity and fixed-maturity securities (including redeemable preferred stock and assets held in separate accounts) on quoted market prices or on prices from a nationally recognized pricing vendor, an outside resource that supplies global securities pricing, dividend, corporate action and descriptive information to support fund pricing, securities operations, research and portfolio management. The company obtains and reviews the pricing service’s valuation methodologies and related inputs and validates these prices by replicating a sample across each asset class using a discounted cash flow model. When a price is not available from these sources, as in the case of securities that are not publicly traded, we determine the fair value using various inputs including quotes from independent brokers. We have generally obtained and evaluated two nonbinding quotes from brokers; our investment professionals determine our best estimate of fair value. The fair value of investments not priced by a pricing vendor is less than 1 percent of the fair value of our total investment portfolio. Reclassification of certain financial instruments may occur when input observability changes. All reclassifications are reported as transfers in or out of the Level 3 category as of the beginning of the quarter in which the reclassification occurred.
The technique used for the Level 2 fixed-maturity securities and taxable fixed maturities in separate accounts is the application of matrix pricing. The inputs used include relevant market information by asset class, trade activity of like securities, yield to maturity and economic events. All of the Level 2 fixed-maturity securities are priced by a nationally recognized pricing vendor.
The Level 2 preferred equities technique used is the application of matrix pricing. The inputs used, similar to those used by the pricing vendor for our fixed-maturity securities, include relevant market information, trade activity of like securities, yield to maturity, corporate action notices and economic events. All of the Level 2 preferred equities are priced by a nationally recognized pricing vendor.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 12 |
Fair Value Disclosures for Assets
The following tables illustrate the fair value hierarchy for those assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2012, and December 31, 2011. We do not have any material liabilities carried at fair value. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2.
Asset fair value measurements at September 30, 2012 using: | ||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | Total | ||||||||||||
Fixed maturities, available for sale: | ||||||||||||||||
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | $ | - | $ | 3,287 | $ | 1 | $ | 3,288 | ||||||||
Convertibles and bonds with warrants attached | - | 31 | - | 31 | ||||||||||||
United States government | 8 | - | - | 8 | ||||||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprises | - | 116 | - | 116 | ||||||||||||
Foreign government | - | 3 | - | 3 | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities | - | 5,666 | 4 | 5,670 | ||||||||||||
Subtotal | 8 | 9,103 | 5 | 9,116 | ||||||||||||
Common equities, available for sale | 3,210 | - | - | 3,210 | ||||||||||||
Preferred equities, available for sale | - | 132 | 7 | 139 | ||||||||||||
Taxable fixed maturities separate accounts | - | 676 | - | 676 | ||||||||||||
Top Hat Savings Plan | 9 | - | - | 9 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 3,227 | $ | 9,911 | $ | 12 | $ | 13,150 |
Asset fair value measurements at December 31, 2011 using: | ||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | Total | ||||||||||||
Fixed maturities, available for sale: | ||||||||||||||||
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | $ | - | $ | 3,249 | $ | 3 | $ | 3,252 | ||||||||
Convertibles and bonds with warrants attached | - | 59 | - | 59 | ||||||||||||
United States government | 7 | - | - | 7 | ||||||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprises | - | 160 | - | 160 | ||||||||||||
Foreign government | - | 3 | - | 3 | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities | - | 5,280 | 18 | 5,298 | ||||||||||||
Subtotal | 7 | 8,751 | 21 | 8,779 | ||||||||||||
Common equities, available for sale | 2,854 | - | - | 2,854 | ||||||||||||
Preferred equities, available for sale | - | 98 | 4 | 102 | ||||||||||||
Taxable fixed-maturities separate accounts | - | 628 | - | 628 | ||||||||||||
Top Hat Savings Plan | 8 | - | - | 8 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 2,869 | $ | 9,477 | $ | 25 | $ | 12,371 |
Each financial instrument that was deemed to have significant unobservable inputs when determining valuation is identified in the following tables by security type with a summary of changes in fair value as of September 30, 2012. Total Level 3 assets continue to be less than 1 percent of financial assets measured at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Assets presented in the table below were valued based primarily on broker/dealer quotes for which there is a lack of transparency as to inputs used to develop the valuations. The quantitative detail of these unobservable inputs is neither provided nor reasonably available to us.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 13 |
The following tables provide the change in Level 3 assets for the three months ended September 30:
Asset fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | ||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | Corporate fixed maturities | States, municipalities and political subdivisions fixed maturities | Preferred equities | Total | ||||||||||||
Beginning balance, June 30, 2012 | $ | 4 | $ | 2 | $ | 7 | $ | 13 | ||||||||
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): | ||||||||||||||||
Included in earnings | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Included in other comprehensive income | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Purchases | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Sales | - | (1 | ) | - | (1 | ) | ||||||||||
Transfers into Level 3 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Transfers out of Level 3 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Ending balance, September 30, 2012 | $ | 4 | $ | 1 | $ | 7 | $ | 12 | ||||||||
Beginning balance, June 30, 2011 | $ | 15 | $ | 4 | $ | 7 | $ | 26 | ||||||||
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): | ||||||||||||||||
Included in earnings | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Included in other comprehensive income | - | - | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||
Purchases | 8 | - | - | 8 | ||||||||||||
Sales | - | (1 | ) | - | (1 | ) | ||||||||||
Transfers into Level 3 | 7 | - | - | 7 | ||||||||||||
Transfers out of Level 3 | (8 | ) | - | - | (8 | ) | ||||||||||
Ending balance, September 30, 2011 | $ | 22 | $ | 3 | $ | 6 | $ | 31 |
The following tables provide the change in Level 3 assets for the nine months ended September 30:
Asset fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | Corporate fixed maturities | Taxable fixed maturities- separate accounts | States, municipalities and political subdivisions fixed maturities | Preferred equities | Total | |||||||||||||||
Beginning balance, December 31, 2011 | $ | 18 | $ | - | $ | 3 | $ | 4 | $ | 25 | ||||||||||
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): | ||||||||||||||||||||
Included in earnings | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Included in other comprehensive income | 3 | - | - | 2 | 5 | |||||||||||||||
Purchases | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
Sales | (4 | ) | - | (2 | ) | - | (6 | ) | ||||||||||||
Transfers into Level 3 | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |||||||||||||||
Transfers out of Level 3 | (14 | ) | - | - | - | (14 | ) | |||||||||||||
Ending balance, September 30, 2012 | $ | 4 | $ | - | $ | 1 | $ | 7 | $ | 12 | ||||||||||
Beginning balance, December 31, 2010 | $ | 20 | $ | 2 | $ | 4 | $ | 5 | $ | 31 | ||||||||||
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): | ||||||||||||||||||||
Included in earnings | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Included in other comprehensive income | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Purchases | 15 | - | - | - | 15 | |||||||||||||||
Sales | - | - | (1 | ) | - | (1 | ) | |||||||||||||
Transfers into Level 3 | 7 | - | - | 1 | 8 | |||||||||||||||
Transfers out of Level 3 | (20 | ) | (2 | ) | - | - | (22 | ) | ||||||||||||
Ending balance, September 30, 2011 | $ | 22 | $ | - | $ | 3 | $ | 6 | $ | 31 |
With the exception of the Level 3 reconciliation table, additional disclosure for the Level 3 category is not material.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 14 |
Fair Value Disclosure for Assets and Liabilities Not Carried at Fair Value
The disclosures below are presented to provide timely information about the effects of current market conditions on financial instruments that are not reported at fair value in our condensed consolidated financial statements.
This table summarizes the book value and principal amounts of our long-term debt:
Book value | Principal amount | |||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | September 30, | December 31, | September 30, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate | Year of issue | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||||
6.900 | % | 1998 | Senior debentures, due 2028 | $ | 28 | $ | 28 | $ | 28 | $ | 28 | |||||||||||
6.920 | % | 2005 | Senior debentures, due 2028 | 391 | 391 | 391 | 391 | |||||||||||||||
6.125 | % | 2004 | Senior notes, due 2034 | 371 | 371 | 374 | 374 | |||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 790 | $ | 790 | $ | 793 | $ | 793 |
The following table shows fair values of our note payable and long-term debt subject to fair value disclosure requirements:
Note payable and long-term debt fair value disclosures at September 30, 2012 using: | ||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | Total | ||||||||||||
Note payable | $ | - | $ | 104 | $ | - | $ | 104 | ||||||||
6.900% senior debentures, due 2028 | - | 33 | - | 33 | ||||||||||||
6.920% senior debentures, due 2028 | - | 472 | - | 472 | ||||||||||||
6.125% senior notes, due 2034 | - | 425 | - | 425 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | - | $ | 1,034 | $ | - | $ | 1,034 |
Fair value of the note payable is determined based upon the outstanding balance at September 30, 2012, because it is short term and tied to a variable interest rate. The note payable was classified as Level 2 as a market does not exist.
The fair value of our long-term debt approximated $814 million at year-end 2011. Fair value was determined under the fair value measurements and disclosure accounting rules based on market pricing of similar debt instruments that are actively trading. We determine fair value for our debt the same way that corporate fixed maturities are valued in our investment portfolio. Fair value can vary with macroeconomic conditions. Regardless of the fluctuations in fair value, the outstanding principal amount of our long-term debt is $793 million. None of the long-term debt is encumbered by rating triggers.
The following table shows the fair value of our life policy loans, included in other invested assets, subject to fair value disclosure requirements:
Life insurance assets fair value disclosures at September 30, 2012 using: | ||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | Total | ||||||||||||
Life policy loans | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 49 | $ | 49 |
The fair value of life policy loans outstanding principal and interest approximated $43 million at December 31, 2011. Outstanding principal and interest for these life policy loans was $37 million at September 30, 2012, and December 31, 2011. To determine the fair value, we make the following significant assumptions: (1) the discount rates used to calculate the present value of expected payments are the risk-free spot rates as nonperformance risk is minimal; and (2) the loan repayment rate by which policyholders pay off their loan balances is in line with past experience.
The following table shows fair values of our deferred annuities and structured settlements, included in life policy and investment contract reserves, subject to fair value disclosure requirements:
Life insurance liabilities fair value disclosures at September 30, 2012 using: | ||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | Total | ||||||||||||
Deferred annuities | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 884 | $ | 884 | ||||||||
Structured settlements | - | 234 | - | 234 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | - | $ | 234 | $ | 884 | $ | 1,118 |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 15 |
The fair values for deferred annuities and structured settlements were $794 million and $208 million, respectively, at December 31, 2011. Recorded reserves for the deferred annuities and structured settlements were $1.046 billion and $1.025 billion at September 30, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively.
Fair values for deferred annuities are calculated based upon internally developed models because active, observable markets do not exist for those items. To determine the fair value, we make the following significant assumptions: (1) the discount rates used to calculate the present value of expected payments are the risk-free spot rates plus an A3 rated bond spread for financial issuers at September 30, 2012, to account for nonperformance risk; (2) the rate of interest credited to policyholders is the portfolio net earned interest rate less a spread for expenses and profit; and (3) additional lapses occur when the credited interest rate is exceeded by an assumed competitor credited rate, which is a function of the risk-free rate of the economic scenario being modeled.
Determination of fair value for structured settlements assumes the discount rates used to calculate the present value of expected payments are the risk-free spot rates plus an A3 rated bond spread for financial issuers at September 30, 2012, to account for nonperformance risk.
NOTE 5 – PROPERTY CASUALTY LOSS AND LOSS EXPENSES
This table summarizes activity for our consolidated property casualty loss and loss expense reserves:
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Gross loss and loss expense reserves, beginning of period | $ | 4,337 | $ | 4,479 | $ | 4,280 | $ | 4,137 | ||||||||
Less reinsurance receivable | 332 | 508 | 375 | 326 | ||||||||||||
Net loss and loss expense reserves, beginning of period | 4,005 | 3,971 | 3,905 | 3,811 | ||||||||||||
Net incurred loss and loss expenses related to: | ||||||||||||||||
Current accident year | 611 | 675 | 1,991 | 2,115 | ||||||||||||
Prior accident years | (86 | ) | (68 | ) | (287 | ) | (221 | ) | ||||||||
Total incurred | 525 | 607 | 1,704 | 1,894 | ||||||||||||
Net paid loss and loss expenses related to: | ||||||||||||||||
Current accident year | 364 | 360 | 778 | 878 | ||||||||||||
Prior accident years | 229 | 205 | 894 | 814 | ||||||||||||
Total paid | 593 | 565 | 1,672 | 1,692 | ||||||||||||
Net loss and loss expense reserves, end of period | 3,937 | 4,013 | 3,937 | 4,013 | ||||||||||||
Plus reinsurance receivable | 343 | 450 | 343 | 450 | ||||||||||||
Gross loss and loss expense reserves, end of period | $ | 4,280 | $ | 4,463 | $ | 4,280 | $ | 4,463 |
We use actuarial methods, models and judgment to estimate, as of a financial statement date, the property casualty loss and loss expense reserves required to pay for and settle all outstanding insured claims, including incurred but not reported (IBNR) claims, as of that date. The actuarial estimate is subject to review and adjustment by an inter-departmental committee that includes actuarial management that is familiar with relevant company and industry business, claims and underwriting trends, as well as general economic and legal trends, that could affect future loss and loss expense payments. The amount we will actually have to pay for claims can be highly uncertain. This uncertainty, together with the size of our reserves, makes the loss and loss expense reserves our most significant estimate. The reserve for loss and loss expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheets also included $64 million at September 30, 2012, and $58 million at September 30, 2011, for certain life and health loss and loss expense reserves.
For the three months ended September 30, 2012, we experienced $86 million of favorable development on prior accident years. There was $12 million from favorable development of catastrophe losses compared with $3 million of adverse development of catastrophe losses that occurred for the three months ended September 30, 2011. Overall favorable development for commercial lines reserves illustrated the potential for revisions inherent in estimating reserves, especially for long-tailed lines such as commercial casualty and workers’ compensation. We recognized favorable reserve development on net loss and loss expenses of $25 million for the commercial casualty line and favorable development on net loss and loss expenses of $23 million for the workers’ compensation line, due to reduced uncertainty of prior accident years loss and loss adjustment expense for these lines.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, we experienced $287 million of favorable development on prior accident years. There was $39 million from favorable development of catastrophe losses compared with $2 million of adverse development that occurred for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. We recognized favorable reserve development on net loss and loss expenses of $130 million for the commercial casualty line and favorable development on net loss and loss expenses of $50 million for the workers’ compensation line, due to reduced uncertainty of prior accident years loss and loss adjustment expense for these lines.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 16 |
NOTE 6 – DEFERRED ACQUISITION COSTS
The expenses associated with issuing insurance policies – primarily commissions, premium taxes and underwriting costs – are deferred and amortized over the terms of the policies. We update our acquisition cost assumptions periodically to reflect actual experience, and we evaluate our deferred acquisition costs for recoverability. All acquisition costs reflect the adoption of ASU 2010-26, Accounting for Costs Associated with Acquiring or Renewing Insurance Contracts, which we adopted on January 1, 2012. The table below shows the deferred policy acquisition costs and asset reconciliation, including the amortized deferred policy acquisition costs.
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs asset at beginning of period | $ | 484 | $ | 479 | $ | 477 | $ | 458 | ||||||||
Capitalized deferred policy acquisition costs | 192 | 168 | 554 | 500 | ||||||||||||
Amortized deferred policy acquisition costs | (180 | ) | (164 | ) | (517 | ) | (470 | ) | ||||||||
Amortized shadow deferred policy acquisition costs | (5 | ) | (4 | ) | (23 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs asset at end of period | $ | 491 | $ | 479 | $ | 491 | $ | 479 |
No premium deficiencies were recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive operations, as the sum of the anticipated loss and loss adjustment expenses, policyholder dividends and unamortized deferred acquisition expenses did not exceed the related unearned premiums and anticipated investment income.
NOTE 7 – LIFE POLICY AND INVESTMENT CONTRACT RESERVES
We establish the reserves for traditional life insurance policies based on expected expenses, mortality, morbidity, withdrawal rates and investment yields, including a provision for uncertainty. Once these assumptions are established, they generally are maintained throughout the lives of the contracts. We use both our own experience and industry experience, adjusted for historical trends, in arriving at our assumptions for expected mortality, morbidity and withdrawal rates as well as for expected expenses. We base our assumptions for expected investment income on our own experience adjusted for current economic conditions.
We establish reserves for the company’s universal life, deferred annuity and structured settlement policies equal to the cumulative account balances, which include premium deposits plus credited interest less charges and withdrawals. Some of our universal life policies contain no-lapse guarantee provisions. For these policies, we establish a reserve in addition to the account balance, based on expected no-lapse guarantee benefits and expected policy assessments.
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
(In millions) | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||
Ordinary/traditional life | $ | 736 | $ | 691 | ||||
Universal life | 486 | 481 | ||||||
Deferred annuities | 851 | 827 | ||||||
Structured settlements | 195 | 198 | ||||||
Other | 17 | 17 | ||||||
Total gross reserves | $ | 2,285 | $ | 2,214 |
NOTE 8 – REINSURANCE
Reinsurance mitigates the risk of highly uncertain exposures and limits the maximum net loss that can arise from large risks or risks concentrated in areas of exposure. Primary components of our property and casualty reinsurance program include a property risk treaty, casualty per occurrence treaty and property catastrophe treaty.
Our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive operations include earned consolidated property casualty insurance premiums on assumed and ceded business:
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Direct earned premiums | $ | 898 | $ | 817 | $ | 2,605 | $ | 2,404 | ||||||||
Assumed earned premiums | 1 | 3 | 7 | 10 | ||||||||||||
Ceded earned premiums | (48 | ) | (51 | ) | (137 | ) | (170 | ) | ||||||||
Net earned premiums | $ | 851 | $ | 769 | $ | 2,475 | $ | 2,244 |
The decrease in ceded earned premiums for 2012 compared with 2011 is related to earned reinstatement premiums as a result of higher in catastrophe losses in the second quarter of 2011.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 17 |
Our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive operations include incurred consolidated property casualty insurance loss and loss expenses on assumed and ceded business:
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Direct incurred loss and loss expenses | $ | 562 | $ | 649 | $ | 1,745 | $ | 2,157 | ||||||||
Assumed incurred loss and loss expenses | (3 | ) | 8 | 3 | 28 | |||||||||||
Ceded incurred loss and loss expenses | (34 | ) | (50 | ) | (44 | ) | (291 | ) | ||||||||
Net incurred loss and loss expenses | $ | 525 | $ | 607 | $ | 1,704 | $ | 1,894 |
The decrease in ceded loss and loss expenses for 2012 compared with 2011 is related to the higher catastrophe losses in the second and third quarters of 2011.
Our life insurance company purchases reinsurance for protection of a portion of the risk that is written. Primary components of our life reinsurance program include individual mortality coverage and aggregate catastrophe and accidental death coverage in excess of certain deductibles. Our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive operations include earned life insurance premiums on ceded business:
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Direct earned premiums | $ | 52 | $ | 57 | $ | 170 | $ | 162 | ||||||||
Assumed earned premiums | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Ceded earned premiums | (14 | ) | (14 | ) | (40 | ) | (39 | ) | ||||||||
Net earned premiums | $ | 38 | $ | 43 | $ | 130 | $ | 123 |
Our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive operations include life insurance contract holders’ benefits incurred on ceded business:
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Direct contract holders' benefits incurred | $ | 62 | $ | 58 | $ | 172 | $ | 167 | ||||||||
Assumed contract holders' benefits incurred | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Ceded contract holders' benefits incurred | (16 | ) | (9 | ) | (36 | ) | (29 | ) | ||||||||
Net incurred loss and loss expenses | $ | 46 | $ | 49 | $ | 136 | $ | 138 |
NOTE 9 – NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
Basic earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of common and dilutive potential common shares outstanding.
The table shows calculations for basic and diluted earnings per share:
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions except share data in thousands) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Numerator: | ||||||||||||||||
Net income—basic and diluted | $ | 111 | $ | 19 | $ | 229 | $ | 30 | ||||||||
Denominator: | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted-average common shares outstanding | 162,555 | 162,538 | 162,419 | 162,848 | ||||||||||||
Effect of stock-based awards: | ||||||||||||||||
Nonvested shares | 739 | 542 | 647 | 522 | ||||||||||||
Stock options | 563 | 6 | 441 | 95 | ||||||||||||
Adjusted weighted-average shares | 163,857 | 163,086 | 163,507 | 163,465 | ||||||||||||
Earnings per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.69 | $ | 0.12 | $ | 1.41 | $ | 0.19 | ||||||||
Diluted | 0.68 | 0.12 | 1.40 | 0.19 | ||||||||||||
Number of anti-dilutive stock-based awards | 5,045 | 8,590 | 6,000 | 7,790 |
The current sources of dilution of our common shares are certain equity-based awards as discussed in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 8, Note 17, Stock-Based Associate Compensation Plans, Page 134. The above table shows the number of anti-dilutive stock-based awards for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011. We did not include these stock-based awards in the computation of net income per common share (diluted) because their exercise would have anti-dilutive effects.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 18 |
NOTE 10 – EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT BENEFITS
The following summarizes the components of net periodic costs for our qualified and supplemental pension plans:
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | $ | 9 | $ | 8 | ||||||||
Interest cost | 4 | 4 | 11 | 11 | ||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets | (4 | ) | (4 | ) | (12 | ) | (12 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of actuarial loss and prior service cost | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 5 | $ | 4 | $ | 13 | $ | 10 |
See our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 8, Note 13, Employee Retirement Benefits, Page 130, for information on our retirement benefits. We made matching contributions of $2 million to our 401(k) and Top Hat savings plans during both the third quarter of 2012 and 2011 and contributions of $7 million and $6 million for the first nine months of 2012 and 2011, respectively.
We contributed $14 million to our qualified pension plan during the third quarter of 2012. We do not anticipate further contributions to our qualified pension plan during the remainder of 2012.
NOTE 11 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
Four equity compensation plans currently permit us to grant various types of equity awards. We currently grant incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, service-based restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units, including some with market-based performance objectives, under our shareholder-approved plans to associates. We also have a Holiday Stock Plan that permits annual awards of one share of common stock to each full-time associate for each full calendar year of service up to a maximum of 10 shares. One of our equity compensation plans permits us to grant stock to our outside directors as a component of their annual compensation. For additional information about our equity compensation plans, see our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 8, Note 17, Stock-Based Associate Compensation Plans, Page 134.
A total of 17.3 million shares are authorized to be granted under the shareholder-approved plans. At September 30, 2012, 9.3 million shares were available for future issuance under the plans.
Stock-Based Awards
Stock-based awards were granted to associates during 2012 and are summarized in the tables below. Stock-based compensation cost after tax was $3 million and $2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, and $8 million and $7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. As of September 30, 2012, $23 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to nonvested awards is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.0 years.
Here is a summary of option information:
(Shares in thousands) | Shares | Weighted- average exercise price | ||||||
Outstanding at January 1, 2012 | 9,357 | $ | 36.71 | |||||
Granted | 536 | 35.63 | ||||||
Exercised | (400 | ) | 30.82 | |||||
Forfeited or expired | (1,200 | ) | 35.62 | |||||
Outstanding at September 30, 2012 | 8,293 | 37.09 |
Here is a summary of restricted stock unit information:
(Shares in thousands) | Service-based shares | Weighted average grant date fair value | Performance-based shares | Weighted average grant date fair value | ||||||||||||
Nonvested at January 1, 2012 | 563 | $ | 26.05 | 156 | $ | 25.86 | ||||||||||
Granted | 403 | 31.14 | 110 | 34.89 | ||||||||||||
Vested | (5 | ) | 27.41 | (53 | ) | 22.88 | ||||||||||
Forfeited or canceled | (23 | ) | 27.84 | (4 | ) | 30.98 | ||||||||||
Nonvested at September 30, 2012 | 938 | 28.18 | 209 | 31.26 |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 19 |
NOTE 12 – INCOME TAXES
As of September 30, 2012, and December 31, 2011, we had no liability for unrecognized tax benefits. Details about our liability for unrecognized tax benefits are found in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 8, Note 11, Income Taxes, Pages 129 and 130.
The differences between the 35 percent statutory income tax rate and our effective income tax rate were as follows:
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax at statutory rate | $ | 53 | 35.0 | % | $ | 4 | 35.0 | % | $ | 103 | 35.0 | % | $ | (5 | ) | 35.0 | % | |||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) resulting from: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax-exempt income from municipal bonds | (8 | ) | (5.3 | ) | (9 | ) | (81.8 | ) | (25 | ) | (8.5 | ) | (26 | ) | 200.0 | |||||||||||||||||
Dividend received exclusion | (6 | ) | (4.0 | ) | (5 | ) | (45.5 | ) | (17 | ) | (5.8 | ) | (15 | ) | 115.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Other | 2 | 1.3 | 2 | 19.6 | 3 | 1.1 | 3 | (19.6 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | $ | 41 | 27.0 | % | $ | (8 | ) | (72.7 | )% | $ | 64 | 21.8 | % | $ | (43 | ) | 330.8 | % |
The changes in our effective tax rates were primarily due to changes in pretax income from underwriting results and realized investment gains and losses.
NOTE 13 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
In the ordinary course of conducting business, the company and its subsidiaries are named as defendants in various legal proceedings. Most of these proceedings are claims litigation involving the company’s insurance subsidiaries in which the company is either defending or providing indemnity for third-party claims brought against insureds who are litigating first-party coverage claims. The company accounts for such activity through the establishment of unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense reserves. We believe that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to such ordinary-course claims litigation, after consideration of provisions made for potential losses and costs of defense, is immaterial to our consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
The company and its subsidiaries also are occasionally involved in other legal actions, some of which assert claims for substantial amounts. These actions include, among others, putative class actions seeking certification of a state or national class. Such putative class actions have alleged, for example, breach of an alleged duty to search national data bases to ascertain unreported deaths of insureds under life insurance policies. The company’s insurance subsidiaries also are occasionally parties to individual actions in which extra-contractual damages, punitive damages or penalties are sought, such as claims alleging bad faith in the handling of insurance claims or claims alleging discrimination by former associates.
On a quarterly basis, we review these outstanding matters. Under current accounting guidance, we establish accruals when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and we can reasonably estimate its potential exposure. The company accounts for such probable and estimable losses, if any, through the establishment of legal expense reserves. Based on our quarterly review, we believe that our accruals for probable and estimable losses are reasonable and that the amounts accrued do not have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations. However, if any one or more of these matters results in a judgment against us or settlement for an amount that is significantly greater than the amount accrued, the resulting liability could have a material effect on the company’s consolidated results of operations or cash flows. Based on our quarterly review, for any other matter for which the risk of loss is more than remote, we are unable to reasonably estimate the potential loss or establish a reasonable range of loss.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 20 |
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion highlights significant factors influencing the consolidated results of operations and financial position of Cincinnati Financial Corporation (CFC). It should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless otherwise noted, the industry data is prepared by A.M. Best Co., a leading insurance industry statistical, analytical and financial strength rating organization. Information from A.M. Best is presented on a statutory basis. When we provide our results on a comparable statutory basis, we label it as such; all other company data is presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP).
As discussed in Item 1, Note 1, Accounting Policies, Page 7, effective January 1, 2012, we adopted ASU 2010-26, Accounting for Costs Associated with Acquiring or Renewing Insurance Contracts. We adjusted applicable financial statements. Related financial data shown in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations also have been adjusted.
We present per share data on a diluted basis unless otherwise noted, adjusting those amounts for all stock splits and dividends. Dollar amounts are rounded to millions; calculations of percent changes are based on dollar amounts rounded to the nearest million. Certain percentage changes are identified as not meaningful (nm).
Safe Harbor Statement
This is our “Safe Harbor” statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Our business is subject to certain risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements in this report. Some of those risks and uncertainties are discussed in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 1A, Risk Factors, Page 26.
Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to:
· | Unusually high levels of catastrophe losses due to risk concentrations, changes in weather patterns, environmental events, terrorism incidents or other causes |
· | Increased frequency and/or severity of claims |
· | Inadequate estimates or assumptions used for critical accounting estimates |
· | Recession or other economic conditions resulting in lower demand for insurance products or increased payment delinquencies |
· | Declines in overall stock market values negatively affecting the company’s equity portfolio and book value |
· | Events resulting in capital market or credit market uncertainty, followed by prolonged periods of economic instability or recession, that lead to: |
o | Significant or prolonged decline in the value of a particular security or group of securities and impairment of the asset(s) |
o | Significant decline in investment income due to reduced or eliminated dividend payouts from a particular security or group of securities |
o | Significant rise in losses from surety and director and officer policies written for financial institutions or other insured entities |
· | Prolonged low interest rate environment or other factors that limit the company’s ability to generate growth in investment income or interest rate fluctuations that result in declining values of fixed-maturity investments, including declines in accounts in which we hold bank-owned life insurance contract assets |
· | Increased competition that could result in a significant reduction in the company’s premium volume |
· | Delays or performance inadequacies from ongoing development and implementation of underwriting and pricing methods or technology projects and enhancements expected to increase our pricing accuracy, underwriting profit and competitiveness |
· | Changing consumer insurance-buying habits and consolidation of independent insurance agencies that could alter our competitive advantages |
· | Inability to obtain adequate reinsurance on acceptable terms, amount of reinsurance purchased, financial strength of reinsurers and the potential for nonpayment or delay in payment by reinsurers |
· | Difficulties with technology or data security breaches, including cyber attacks, that could negatively affect our ability to conduct business and our relationships with agents, policyholders and others |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 21 |
· | Inability to defer policy acquisition costs for any business segment if pricing and loss trends would lead management to conclude that segment could not achieve sustainable profitability |
· | Events or conditions that could weaken or harm the company’s relationships with its independent agencies and hamper opportunities to add new agencies, resulting in limitations on the company’s opportunities for growth, such as: |
o | Downgrades of the company’s financial strength ratings |
o | Concerns that doing business with the company is too difficult |
o | Perceptions that the company’s level of service, particularly claims service, is no longer a distinguishing characteristic in the marketplace |
· | Actions of insurance departments, state attorneys general or other regulatory agencies, including a change to a federal system of regulation from a state-based system, that: |
o | Impose new obligations on us that increase our expenses or change the assumptions underlying our critical accounting estimates |
o | Place the insurance industry under greater regulatory scrutiny or result in new statutes, rules and regulations |
o | Restrict our ability to exit or reduce writings of unprofitable coverages or lines of business |
o | Add assessments for guaranty funds, other insurance related assessments or mandatory reinsurance arrangements; or that impair our ability to recover such assessments through future surcharges or other rate changes |
o | Increase our provision for federal income taxes due to changes in tax law |
o | Increase our other expenses |
o | Limit our ability to set fair, adequate and reasonable rates |
o | Place us at a disadvantage in the marketplace |
o | Restrict our ability to execute our business model, including the way we compensate agents |
· | Adverse outcomes from litigation or administrative proceedings |
· | Events or actions, including unauthorized intentional circumvention of controls, that reduce the company’s future ability to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
· | Unforeseen departure of certain executive officers or other key employees due to retirement, health or other causes that could interrupt progress toward important strategic goals or diminish the effectiveness of certain longstanding relationships with insurance agents and others |
· | Events, such as an epidemic, natural catastrophe or terrorism, that could hamper our ability to assemble our workforce at our headquarters location |
Further, the company’s insurance businesses are subject to the effects of changing social, economic and regulatory environments. Public and regulatory initiatives have included efforts to adversely influence and restrict premium rates, restrict the ability to cancel policies, impose underwriting standards and expand overall regulation. The company also is subject to public and regulatory initiatives that can affect the market value for its common stock, such as measures affecting corporate financial reporting and governance. The ultimate changes and eventual effects, if any, of these initiatives are uncertain.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 22 |
Introduction
Corporate Financial Highlights
Statements of Comprehensive Operations and Per Share Data
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions except share data in thousands) | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | ||||||||||||||||||
Statement of operations data | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Earned premiums | $ | 889 | $ | 812 | 9 | $ | 2,605 | $ | 2,367 | 10 | ||||||||||||||
Investment income, net of expenses (pretax) | 132 | 130 | 2 | 395 | 393 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Realized investment gains and losses (pretax) | 10 | (2 | ) | nm | 29 | 77 | (62 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | 1,035 | 944 | 10 | 3,041 | 2,848 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 111 | 19 | 484 | 229 | 30 | 663 | ||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) | 272 | (181 | ) | nm | 499 | (36 | ) | nm | ||||||||||||||||
Per share data | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income - diluted | $ | 0.68 | $ | 0.12 | 467 | $ | 1.40 | $ | 0.19 | 637 | ||||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared | 0.4075 | 0.4025 | 1 | 1.2125 | 1.2025 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding | 163,857 | 163,086 | 0 | 163,507 | 163,465 | 0 |
Revenues rose for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2012 compared with the same periods of 2011, primarily due to growth in earned premiums. Premium and investment revenue trends are discussed further in the respective sections of Results of Operations, beginning on Page 29
Realized investment gains and losses are recognized on the sales of investments or as otherwise required by GAAP. We have substantial discretion in the timing of investment sales, and that timing generally is independent of the insurance underwriting process. GAAP also requires us to recognize in net income the gains or losses from certain changes in fair values of securities even though we continue to hold the securities.
Net income for the third quarter of 2012 compared with the same quarter of 2011 increased $92 million, primarily due to stronger property casualty underwriting income that rose $81 million after taxes. Lower catastrophe losses, mostly weather related, reduced net-of-taxes property casualty underwriting results by $16 million less than the third quarter of 2011, in addition to much-improved property casualty underwriting results before catastrophes. After-tax investment income in our investment segment results for the third quarter of 2012 rose $2 million compared with the third quarter of 2011, while life insurance segment results on a pretax basis rose by $3 million. Third-quarter 2012 after-tax net realized investment gains and losses were $7 million higher than a year earlier.
For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2012, net income increased compared with the same period of 2011, also primarily due to higher property casualty underwriting results that rose $230 million after taxes, including $78 million from lower catastrophe losses. After-tax investment income rose by $3 million while after-tax net realized investment gains and losses were $31 million lower. Life insurance segment results on a pretax basis were $1 million lower.
Performance by segment is discussed below in Results of Operations, beginning on Page 29. As discussed in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 7, Factors Influencing Our Future Performance, Page 41, there are several reasons that our performance during 2012 may be below our long-term targets. In that annual report, as part of Results of Operations, we also discussed the full-year 2012 outlook for each reporting segment.
The board of directors is committed to rewarding shareholders directly through cash dividends and through share repurchase authorizations. Through 2011, the company had increased the indicated annual cash dividend rate for 51 consecutive years, a record we believe was matched by only nine other publicly traded companies. In August 2012, the board of directors increased the fourth quarter dividend to 40.75 cents per share, and the payment of that dividend in mid-October resulted in our 52nd consecutive year of increasing cash dividends. During the first nine months of 2012, cash dividends declared by the company increased approximately 1 percent compared with the same period of 2011. Our board regularly evaluates relevant factors in share repurchase- and dividend-related decisions. The 2012 dividend increase signaled management’s and the board’s confidence in our strong capital, liquidity and financial flexibility, as well as progress through our initiatives to improve earnings performance.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 23 |
Balance Sheet Data and Performance Measures
At September 30, | At December 31, | |||||||
(Dollars in millions except share data) | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||
Balance sheet data | ||||||||
Invested assets | $ | 12,533 | $ | 11,801 | ||||
Total assets | 16,479 | 15,635 | ||||||
Short-term debt | 104 | 104 | ||||||
Long-term debt | 790 | 790 | ||||||
Shareholders' equity | 5,359 | 5,033 | ||||||
Book value per share | 32.95 | 31.03 | ||||||
Debt-to-total-capital ratio | 14.3 | % | 15.1 | % |
Total assets at September 30, 2012, increased 5 percent compared with year-end 2011, largely due to growth in invested assets that was driven by higher market valuation and to a lesser extent by additional purchases of securities. Shareholders’ equity rose 6 percent and book value per share was up 6 percent during the first nine months of 2012. Our debt-to-total-capital ratio (capital is the sum of debt plus shareholders’ equity) decreased compared with year-end 2011. The value creation ratio, a non-GAAP measure defined below, improved for the first nine months of 2012 compared with 2011, reflecting higher unrealized investment gains and net income. The $1.92 increase in book value per share during the first nine months of 2012 contributed 6.2 percentage points to the value creation ratio while dividends declared at $1.2125 per share during the first nine months of 2012 contributed 3.9 points. Value creation ratio trends and a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measure to comparable GAAP measures are shown in the tables below.
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
Performance measure | ||||||||||||||||
Value creation ratio | 5.4 | % | (3.5 | )% | 10.1 | % | (0.6 | )% |
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(Dollars are per share) | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Value creation ratio | ||||||||||||||||
End of period book value | $ | 32.95 | $ | 29.41 | $ | 32.95 | $ | 29.41 | ||||||||
Less beginning of period book value | 31.66 | 30.88 | 31.03 | 30.79 | ||||||||||||
Change in book value | $ | 1.29 | $ | (1.47 | ) | $ | 1.92 | $ | (1.38 | ) | ||||||
Change in book value | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) before realized gains (losses) | $ | 0.65 | $ | 0.13 | $ | 1.29 | $ | (0.11 | ) | |||||||
Change in realized and unrealized gains, fixed-income portfolio | 0.48 | 0.29 | 0.88 | 0.75 | ||||||||||||
Change in realized and unrealized gains (losses), equity portfolio | 0.56 | (1.52 | ) | 0.94 | (0.85 | ) | ||||||||||
Dividend declared to shareholders | (0.41 | ) | (0.40 | ) | (1.21 | ) | (1.20 | ) | ||||||||
Other | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.03 | ||||||||||||
Total change in book value | $ | 1.29 | $ | (1.47 | ) | $ | 1.92 | $ | (1.38 | ) | ||||||
Contribution to value creation ratio from change in book value | 4.1 | % | (4.8 | )% | 6.2 | % | (4.5 | )% | ||||||||
Contribution to value creation ratio from dividends declared to shareholders | 1.3 | 1.3 | 3.9 | 3.9 | ||||||||||||
Value creation ratio | 5.4 | % | (3.5 | )% | 10.1 | % | (0.6 | )% |
Progress Toward Long-Term Value Creation
Operating through The Cincinnati Insurance Company, Cincinnati Financial Corporation is one of the 25 largest property casualty insurers in the nation, based on 2011 direct written premium volume for approximately 2,000 U.S. stock and mutual insurer groups. We market our insurance products through a select group of independent insurance agencies in 39 states as discussed in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 1, Our Business and Our Strategy, Page 3.
We maintain a long-term perspective that guides us in addressing immediate challenges or opportunities while focusing on the major decisions that best position our company for success through all market cycles. We believe that this forward-looking view has consistently benefited our policyholders, agents, shareholders and associates.
To measure our long-term progress in creating shareholder value, we have defined a value creation metric that we believe captures the contribution of our insurance operations, the success of our investment strategy and the importance we place on paying cash dividends to shareholders. This measure, our value creation ratio or VCR, is made up of two primary components: (1) our rate of growth in book value per share plus (2) the ratio of dividends declared per share to beginning book value per share. For the period 2010 through 2014, an annual value creation ratio averaging 12 percent to 15 percent is our primary performance target. Management believes this non-GAAP measure is a useful supplement to GAAP information.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 24 |
Performance Drivers
When looking at our long-term objectives, we see three performance drivers:
· | Premium growth – We believe over any five-year period our agency relationships and initiatives can lead to a property casualty written premium growth rate that exceeds the industry average. For the first nine months of 2012, year-over-year growth of our total property casualty net written premiums was 13 percent. Our nine-month growth rate compares favorably with the 4 percent reported for the industry for the first six months of 2012. Our premium growth initiatives are discussed below in Highlights of Our Strategies and Supporting Initiatives. |
· | Combined ratio – We believe our underwriting philosophy and initiatives can generate a GAAP combined ratio over any five-year period that is consistently within the range of 95 percent to 100 percent. For the first nine months of 2012, our GAAP combined ratio was 101.1 percent and our statutory combined ratio was 100.0 percent, both including 13.9 percentage points of current accident year catastrophe losses partially offset by 11.6 percentage points of favorable loss reserve development on prior accident years. Our nine-month statutory combined ratio of 100.0 percent was lower than the property casualty industry’s reported first-half 2012 statutory combined ratio of 101.0 percent. |
· | Investment contribution – We believe our investment philosophy and initiatives can drive investment income growth and lead to a total return on our equity investment portfolio over a five-year period that exceeds the five-year return of the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index. For the first nine months of 2012, pretax investment income was $395 million, up 1 percent compared with the same period in 2011. We believe our investment portfolio mix provides an appropriate balance of income stability and growth with capital appreciation potential. |
Highlights of Our Strategy and Supporting Initiatives
Management has identified a strategy that can lead to long-term success, with concurrence by the board of directors. Our strategy is intended to position us to compete successfully in the markets we have targeted while appropriately managing risk. Further description of our long-term, proven strategy can be found in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 1, Our Business and Our Strategy, Page 3. We believe successful implementation of initiatives that support our strategy, summarized below, will help us better serve our agent customers and reduce variability in our financial results while we also grow earnings and book value over the long term, successfully navigating challenging economic, market or industry pricing cycles.
· | Improve insurance profitability – Implementation of these initiatives is intended to improve pricing capabilities for our property casualty business, increasing our ability to manage our business while also enhancing our efficiency. Improved pricing capabilities through the use of technology and analytics can lead to better profit margins. Improved internal processes with additional performance metrics can help us be more efficient and effective. These initiatives also support the ability of the agencies that represent us to grow profitably by allowing them to serve clients faster and to more efficiently manage agency expenses. |
· | Drive premium growth – Implementation of these initiatives is intended to further penetrate each market we serve through our independent agency network. Strategies aimed at specific market opportunities, along with service enhancements, can help our agents grow and increase our share of their business. Diversified growth also may reduce variability of losses from weather-related catastrophes. |
We discuss initiatives supporting each of these strategies below, along with metrics we use to assess our progress.
Improve Insurance Profitability
The main initiatives to improve our insurance profitability include:
· | Improve pricing precision using predictive analytics – We continue efforts to expand our pricing capabilities by using predictive analytics and expect cumulative benefits of these efforts to improve loss ratios over time. Expanded capabilities include streamlining and optimizing data to improve accuracy, timeliness and ease of use. Development of additional business data to support accurate underwriting, pricing and other business decisions also continues. A phased project that will continue over the next several years will deploy a full data management program, including a data warehouse for our property casualty and life insurance operations, providing enhanced granularity of pricing data. |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 25 |
During the third quarter of 2012, our second generation workers’ compensation predictive model was deployed to our underwriters for new business and renewal policy processing. Once further integration with our policy administration systems is complete, all of our commercial lines predictive models will operate on the same platform. Additional integration should enhance the ability of underwriters to target profitability and to discuss pricing impacts with agency personnel.
In late 2011, we developed tools to improve pricing precision for small business policies written through our new product known as CinciPakTM. During the first nine months of 2012, we implemented these tools for underwriters’ use in four states. We plan to implement them in four more states by the end of 2012 and in 14 additional states in 2013.
For our personal lines business, we have continued to enhance our pricing model attributes and expand our pricing points to add more precision during 2012. These enhancements should help us continue to be competitive on the most desirable business and to adapt more rapidly to changes in market conditions. During the first half of 2012, we completed rate proposals based on our most recent modeled results for both our homeowner and personal auto lines of business. Rate changes based on the homeowner proposals were filed in the majority of our states with effective dates in the fourth quarter of 2012. Personal auto rate changes are targeted to be effective during the first half of 2013. Progress during the third quarter included regulatory approval of homeowner rate changes in 16 states with effective dates in the fourth quarter and five additional states with effective dates in the first quarter of 2013. We also began the filing process requesting regulatory approval for the personal auto rate changes targeted for 2013.
· | Improve internal processes – Improved processes support our strategic goals, reducing internal costs and allowing us to focus more resources on providing agency services. Important process improvement efforts include ongoing simplification of new business processing between company and agency management systems, and future processing of some small commercial lines business without intervention by an underwriter. We also are developing additional talent management capabilities to further improve the effectiveness of all associates. |
Continued development for additional coverages in our e-CLAS® CPP commercial lines policy administration system is expected to facilitate important internal process improvement initiatives. Progress during the second quarter included completion of requirements for these coverages and initiation of their development. Delivery of the first iteration to 10 states is expected by the end of 2012, followed by additional states in 2013. During the third quarter of 2012, we launched this system in two additional states, the 35th and 36th in our 39-state operating territory for commercial lines.
For our personal lines business, in 2012 we completed development of business rules and parameters to allow future processing of some policies without intervention by an underwriter, for risks that meet qualifying underwriting criteria. The objective is to streamline processing for our agents and associates, permitting more time for risks that need additional service or attention while also reducing internal costs. During the first half of 2012, we completed a pilot project in several states for processing new business and endorsement transactions in this manner. Progress during the third quarter included expansion to all states as we continue to fine-tune the process. Similar processing for personal lines policy renewal transactions is planned for 2013.
We measure the overall success of our strategy to improve insurance profitability primarily through our GAAP combined ratio for property casualty results, which we believe can be consistently within the range of 95 percent to 100 percent for any five-year period. We also compare our statutory combined ratio to the industry average to gauge our progress, as discussed in the Performance Drivers section above.
In addition, we expect these initiatives to contribute to our rank as the No. 1 or No. 2 carrier based on premium volume in agencies that have represented us for at least five years. In 2011, we again earned that rank in nearly 75 percent of the agencies that have represented Cincinnati Insurance for more than five years, based on 2011 premiums.
Drive Premium Growth
Primary initiatives to drive premium growth include:
· | Expansion of our marketing capabilities – We continue to enhance our generalist approach to allow our appointed agencies to better compete in the marketplace by providing services agents’ clients want and need. Expansion initiatives include adding field associates for additional agency support in targeted areas, entering new states of operation for personal lines and further developing our targeted marketing activities. |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 26 |
During the first nine months of 2012, we placed two new personal lines field marketing representatives to provide service to additional agencies located in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic areas, for a total of 10 across our personal lines operating territory.
For our excess and surplus lines operation, we have been approved as a nonadmitted carrier and brokerage in Delaware and Rhode Island. During the first nine months of 2012, we expanded our field underwriting presence and now have 10 field underwriting territories. We also introduced a new quick-issue offering for special event policies and began more broadly marketing our expertise in large accounts.
Expansion of our personal lines operation is planned for additional states where we currently offer commercial lines products but do not offer personal lines products. We entered the state of New York for personal lines during the first quarter of 2012 and entered the state of Oregon during the third quarter. We plan to expand personal lines operations to one additional state in the first half of 2013.
We also continue to develop and coordinate targeted marketing, including cross-selling opportunities, through our Target Markets department. This area focuses on commercial product development, including identification and promotional support for promising classes of business. We offered nine target markets programs to our agencies by the end of 2011. During the first nine months of 2012, we completed two of the four additional target market programs we plan to launch by the end of the year. We also rolled out additional coverage forms for our existing programs.
· | New agency appointments – We continue to appoint new agencies to develop additional points of distribution, focusing on areas where our market share is less than 1 percent while also considering economic and catastrophe risk factors. In 2012, we are targeting approximately 130 new appointments of independent agencies. During the first nine months of 2012, we appointed 122 agencies that write in aggregate approximately $2 billion in property casualty business annually with various insurance carriers for an average of nearly $16 million per agency. As of September 30, 2012, a total of 1,401 agency relationships market our standard market insurance products from 1,745 reporting locations. |
We seek to build a close, long-term relationship with each agency we appoint. We carefully evaluate the marketing reach of each new appointment to ensure the territory can support both current and new agencies. During April 2012, we staffed two new marketing territories for commercial lines. Our 127 commercial lines field marketing territories are staffed by marketing representatives averaging nearly 20 years of industry experience and nearly 10 years as a Cincinnati Insurance field marketing representative. The team of field associates in each territory works together with headquarters support associates to form our agent-centered business model, providing local expertise, helping us better understand the accounts we underwrite and creating marketing advantages for our agents. We help our agents grow their business by attracting more clients in their communities through unique Cincinnati-style service, and generally have earned a 10 percent share of an agency’s business within 10 years of its appointment.
We measure the overall success of our strategy to drive premium growth primarily through changes in net written premiums, as discussed in the Performance Drivers section above. In addition to tracking our progress toward our year-end 2015 direct written premiums target, we believe we can grow faster than the industry average over any five-year period.
Financial Strength
An important part of our long-term strategy is financial strength, which is described in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 1, Our Business and Our Strategy, Financial Strength, Page 5. One aspect of our financial strength is prudent use of reinsurance to help manage financial performance variability due to catastrophe loss experience. A description of how we use reinsurance is included in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 7, Liquidity and Capital Resources, 2012 Reinsurance Programs, Page 98. Another aspect is our investment portfolios, which remain well-diversified as discussed in Item 3, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk, Page 52. We continue to maintain strong parent company liquidity and financial strength that increases our flexibility through all periods to maintain our cash dividend and to continue to invest in and expand our insurance operations. At September 30, 2012, we held $1.216 billion of our cash and invested assets at the parent company level, of which $972 million, or 79.9 percent, was invested in common stocks, and $128 million, or 10.5 percent, was cash or cash equivalents. Our debt-to-total-capital ratio at 14.3 percent remains well below our target limit of 20 percent. Another important indicator of financial strength is our ratio of property casualty net written premiums to statutory surplus, which was 0.9-to-1 for the 12 months ended September 30, 2012, up from 0.8-to-1 at year-end 2011.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 27 |
Our financial strength ratings by independent ratings firms also are important. In addition to rating our parent company’s senior debt, four firms award insurer financial strength ratings to our property casualty insurance companies and three firms rate our life insurance company based on their quantitative and qualitative analyses. These ratings primarily assess an insurer’s ability to meet financial obligations to policyholders and do not necessarily address all of the matters that may be important to investors. Ratings may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the rating agency, and each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating.
As of October 24, 2012, all of our insurance subsidiaries continue to be highly rated for financial strength.
Insurer Financial Strength Ratings | |||||||||||||||||||||
Rating Agency |
Standard Market Property Casualty Insurance Subsidiary |
Life Insurance Subsidiary |
Excess and Surplus Insurance Subsidiary |
Date of Most Recent Affirmation or Action |
|||||||||||||||||
Rating Tier |
Rating Tier |
Rating Tier |
|||||||||||||||||||
A. M. Best Co. | A+ | Superior | 2 of 16 | A | Excellent | 3 of 16 | A | Excellent | 3 of 16 | Stable outlook (12/23/11) | |||||||||||
Fitch Ratings | A+ | Strong | 5 of 21 | A+ | Strong | 5 of 21 | - | - | - | Stable outlook (5/3/12) | |||||||||||
Moody's Investors Service | A1 | Good | 5 of 21 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Negative outlook (10/21/11) | |||||||||||
Standard & Poor's Ratings Services | A | Strong | 6 of 21 | A | Strong | 6 of 21 | - | - | - | Stable outlook (7/30/12) |
On July 30, 2012, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services affirmed our ratings that it had assigned in August 2011, continuing its stable outlook. S&P said its rating was based on our strong competitive position, which is reinforced by a loyal and productive agency force and a low-cost infrastructure. S&P also cited our very strong capitalization and high degree of financial flexibility. S&P noted that our strengths are partially offset by deteriorating property casualty underwriting results due to weather-related losses, and earnings volatility stemming from regional concentration and low reinsurance utilization.
On May 3, 2012, Fitch Ratings affirmed our ratings that it had assigned in September 2010, continuing its stable outlook. Fitch noted that ratings strengths include conservative capitalization, moderate holding company leverage and strong liquidity. Fitch noted our reserve adequacy and implementation of initiatives anticipated to improve underwriting results. Fitch said rating concerns include challenges from a competitive market and exposure to regional natural catastrophes and weather-related losses.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 28 |
Results of Operations
Consolidated results reflect the operating results of each of our five segments along with the parent company and other activities reported as “Other.” The five segments are:
· | Commercial lines property casualty insurance |
· | Personal lines property casualty insurance |
· | Excess and surplus lines property casualty insurance |
· | Life insurance |
· | Investments |
We report as Other the noninvestment operations of the parent company and its noninsurer subsidiary, CFC Investment Company. See Item 1, Note 12, Segment Information, Page 20, for discussion of the calculations of segment data. Results of operations for each of the five segments are discussed below.
Consolidated Property Casualty Insurance Results of Operations
Consolidated property casualty insurance results include premiums and expenses for our standard market insurance (commercial lines and personal lines segments) as well as our surplus lines operations.
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | ||||||||||||||||||
Earned premiums | $ | 851 | $ | 769 | 11 | $ | 2,475 | $ | 2,244 | 10 | ||||||||||||||
Fee revenues | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 33 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | 852 | 770 | 11 | 2,479 | 2,247 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||
Loss and loss expenses from: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current accident year before catastrophe losses | 531 | 587 | (10 | ) | 1,648 | 1,697 | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Current accident year catastrophe losses | 80 | 90 | (11 | ) | 343 | 422 | (19 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Prior accident years before catastrophe losses | (74 | ) | (71 | ) | (4 | ) | (248 | ) | (223 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||||||||||
Prior accident years catastrophe losses | (12 | ) | 3 | nm | (39 | ) | 2 | nm | ||||||||||||||||
Total loss and loss expenses | 525 | 609 | (14 | ) | 1,704 | 1,898 | (10 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Underwriting expenses | 282 | 241 | 17 | 798 | 726 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||
Underwriting profit (loss) | $ | 45 | $ | (80 | ) | nm | $ | (23 | ) | $ | (377 | ) | 94 | |||||||||||
Ratios as a percent of earned premiums: | Pt. Change | Pt. Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Current accident year before catastrophe losses | 62.3 | % | 76.3 | % | (14.0 | ) | 66.6 | % | 75.6 | % | (9.0 | ) | ||||||||||||
Current accident year catastrophe losses | 9.4 | 11.6 | (2.2 | ) | 13.9 | 18.8 | (4.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Prior accident years before catastrophe losses | (8.6 | ) | (9.2 | ) | 0.6 | (10.0 | ) | (9.9 | ) | (0.1 | ) | |||||||||||||
Prior accident years catastrophe losses | (1.4 | ) | 0.4 | (1.8 | ) | (1.6 | ) | 0.1 | (1.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total loss and loss expenses | 61.7 | 79.1 | (17.4 | ) | 68.9 | 84.6 | (15.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Underwriting expenses | 33.1 | 31.5 | 1.6 | 32.2 | 32.4 | (0.2 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Combined ratio | 94.8 | % | 110.6 | % | (15.8 | ) | 101.1 | % | 117.0 | % | (15.9 | ) | ||||||||||||
Combined ratio: | 94.8 | % | 110.6 | % | (15.8 | ) | 101.1 | % | 117.0 | % | (15.9 | ) | ||||||||||||
Contribution from catastrophe losses and prior years reserve development | (0.6 | ) | 2.8 | (3.4 | ) | 2.3 | 9.0 | (6.7 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Combined ratio before catastrophe losses and prior years reserve development | 95.4 | % | 107.8 | % | (12.4 | ) | 98.8 | % | 108.0 | % | (9.2 | ) |
Our consolidated property casualty insurance operations generated an underwriting profit of $45 million for the third quarter and an underwriting loss of $23 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared with underwriting losses of $80 million and $377 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011. The primary causes of the improved underwriting results were improving trends in pricing relative to loss costs and lower losses from natural catastrophes. We believe the favorable trends for loss experience before catastrophes are in part due to our initiatives to improve pricing precision and loss experience related to claims and loss control practices. Details of property casualty insurance results are discussed below, including our commercial lines, personal lines and excess and surplus lines segments.
We measure and analyze property casualty underwriting results primarily by the combined ratio and its component ratios. The GAAP-basis combined ratio is the percentage of incurred losses plus all expenses per each earned premium dollar – the lower the ratio, the better the performance. An underwriting profit results when the combined ratio is below 100 percent. A combined ratio above 100 percent indicates that an insurance company’s losses and expenses exceeded premiums.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 29 |
The combined ratio can be affected significantly by natural catastrophe losses and other large losses as discussed in detail below. The combined ratio can also be affected by updated estimates of loss and loss expense reserves established for claims that occurred in prior periods, referred to as prior accident years. Net favorable development on prior accident year reserves, including reserves for catastrophe losses, improved the combined ratio by 11.6 percentage points in the first nine months of 2012, compared with 9.8 percentage points in the same period of 2011. On a before-catastrophe losses basis, net favorable development on prior accident year reserves for the first nine months of 2012 rose 0.1 percentage points. Net favorable development for the first nine months of 2012 is discussed in further detail in results of operations by property casualty insurance segment, beginning on Page 34.
Our consolidated property casualty combined ratio for the third quarter improved 15.8 percentage points, and for the first nine months of 2012 it improved 15.9 points, both compared with the same periods of 2011. In addition to ratios for catastrophe losses that were 4.0 and 6.6 percentage points lower, the loss and loss expenses ratios before catastrophe losses were 13.4 and 9.1 points lower, together accounting for most of the improvement.
The ratio for current accident year loss and loss expenses before catastrophe losses improved. The 66.6 percent ratio for the first nine months of 2012 improved 9.0 percentage points compared with the 75.6 percent accident year 2011 ratio measured as of September 30, 2011, in part reflecting recent-year initiatives to improve pricing precision and loss experience related to claims and loss control practices along with improving market conditions. Lower new large losses incurred, shown on the table, Consolidated Property Casualty Insurance Losses by Size, on Page 33, decreased the 2012 ratio by 2.3 percentage points and were partly responsible for the ratio’s improvement. The effect of $42 million of ceded premiums in 2011 to reinstate coverage layers of our property catastrophe reinsurance treaty increased the 2011 ratio by 1.4 percentage points. We believe the remaining reduction of 5.3 percentage points in 2012 is largely due to initiatives to improve pricing precision and loss experience related to claims and loss control practices, somewhat offset by normal loss cost inflation.
The underwriting expense ratio rose for the third quarter of 2012 compared with the third quarter of 2011, primarily due to higher agency profit-sharing commissions and higher costs for various assigned risk insurance pools. The ratio improved slightly for the first nine months of 2012 compared with the same period a year ago, primarily due to higher earned premiums. The 2011 ratios also had the benefit of a reduction in previously estimated costs related to first-quarter 2010 provisions for matters involving prior years and related to Note 13, Commitments and Contingent Liabilities, Page 19.
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | ||||||||||||||||||
Agency renewal written premiums | $ | 807 | $ | 730 | 11 | $ | 2,367 | $ | 2,155 | 10 | ||||||||||||||
Agency new business written premiums | 130 | 115 | 13 | 369 | 334 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other written premiums | (38 | ) | (54 | ) | 30 | (91 | ) | (151 | ) | 40 | ||||||||||||||
Net written premiums | 899 | 791 | 14 | 2,645 | 2,338 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||
Unearned premium change | (48 | ) | (22 | ) | (118 | ) | (170 | ) | (94 | ) | (81 | ) | ||||||||||||
Earned premiums | $ | 851 | $ | 769 | 11 | $ | 2,475 | $ | 2,244 | 10 |
The trends in net written premiums and earned premiums summarized in the table above largely reflect the effects of our premium growth strategies, better pricing and the unfavorable effect on 2011 premiums of additional ceded premiums to reinstate coverage layers of our property catastrophe reinsurance treaty. Reinsurance reinstatement premiums lowered 2012 net written and earned premiums by $2 million during the third quarter and $3 million for the first nine months, compared with 2011 reductions of $4 million for the third quarter and $42 million for the first nine months.
Consolidated property casualty net written premiums for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, grew $108 million and $307 million compared with the same periods of 2011. Premiums ceded to reinstate coverage layers of our property catastrophe reinsurance treaty lowered net written and earned premiums $39 million more during the first nine months of 2011, compared with the first nine months of 2012. On a percentage basis, that difference in reinsurance reinstatement premiums accounted for 2 percentage points of growth for net written premiums and earned premiums for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, while the effect for the third quarter was immaterial. Each of our property casualty segments grew during the third quarter and first nine months of 2012. Our premium growth initiatives from prior years continue to favorably affect current year growth, particularly as newer agency relationships mature over time. Improvement in some areas of the economy, as seen in our policyholders’ higher payrolls and sales that are part of the basis determining insurance premiums, also favorably affected premium growth. We discuss current initiatives in Highlights of Our Strategy and Supporting Initiatives, Page 25. The main drivers of trends for 2012 are discussed by segment beginning on Page 34.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 30 |
Consolidated property casualty agency new business written premiums for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, increased $15 million and $35 million compared with the same periods of 2011. We continued to experience new business growth related to initiatives for geographic expansion into new and underserved areas. New agency appointments during 2011 or 2012 produced a $24 million increase in standard lines new business for the first nine months of 2012 compared with the same period in 2011. As we appoint new agencies that choose to move accounts to us, we report these accounts as new business. While this business is new to us, in many cases it is not new to the agent. We believe these seasoned accounts tend to be priced more accurately than business that may be less familiar to our agent upon obtaining it from a competing agent.
Other written premiums – primarily including premiums ceded to our reinsurers as part of our reinsurance program – contributed $16 million and $60 million to net written premium growth for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared with the same periods of 2011. Additional ceded premiums of $39 million in 2011 to reinstate coverage layers of our property catastrophe reinsurance treaty accounted for much of the nine-month 2012 contribution to premium growth. In addition to lower total ceded written premiums, other written premiums also benefited from a more favorable adjustment, compared with the third quarter and first nine months of last year, for estimated direct written premiums for policies in effect but not yet processed. The adjustment had an immaterial effect on earned premiums.
Catastrophe losses typically have a meaningful effect on property casualty results and can vary significantly from period to period. Losses from natural catastrophes contributed 8.0 and 12.3 percentage points to the combined ratio in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared with 12.0 and 18.9 percentage points in the same periods of 2011. The following table shows catastrophe losses and loss expenses incurred, net of reinsurance, as well as the effect of loss development on prior period catastrophe events. We individually list catastrophe events for which our incurred losses reached or exceeded $5 million.
Three catastrophe events that occurred in 2012 each had losses estimated at September 30, 2012, that exceeded our $75 million loss retention under our property catastrophe reinsurance treaty in effect at the beginning of 2012. A description of how we use reinsurance is included in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 7, Liquidity and Capital Resources, 2012 Reinsurance Programs, Page 98. Terms of the treaty include one automatic reinstatement, to the extent that reinsurance coverage was utilized because of covered catastrophe losses. The amount of catastrophe losses recovered through our property catastrophe reinsurance treaty totaled $16 million from all 2012 events that exceeded the $75 million loss retention in effect at the time, based on loss estimates at September 30, 2012. Consequently, remaining coverage in the first layer of our property catastrophe reinsurance treaty would apply to $17 million of per-event losses up to $100 million, with our participation at 51.7 percent for events that could occur in the fourth quarter of 2012.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 31 |
(In millions, net of reinsurance) | Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comm. | Pers. | E&S | Comm. | Pers. | E&S | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dates | Event | Region | lines | lines | lines | Total | lines | lines | lines | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
First quarter catastrophes | $ | - | $ | 1 | $ | - | $ | 1 | $ | 51 | $ | 58 | $ | 1 | $ | 110 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Apr. 28-29 | Hail, lightning, wind | Midwest, South | 3 | 3 | - | 6 | 57 | 25 | - | 82 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jun. 11-13 | Hail, lightning, wind | West, South | 1 | - | - | 1 | 7 | - | - | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jun. 24-28 | Fire | West | (1 | ) | - | - | (1 | ) | 7 | - | - | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jun. 28-Jul. 2 | Hail, lightning, wind | Midwest, Northeast, South | 37 | 10 | - | 47 | 40 | 42 | - | 82 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jul. 2-4 | Hail, lightning, wind | Midwest, Northeast | 7 | 6 | - | 13 | 7 | 6 | - | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sep. 7-8 | Hail, lightning, wind | Midwest, Northeast, South | 4 | 1 | - | 5 | 4 | 1 | - | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All other 2012 catastrophes | 2 | 6 | - | 8 | 20 | 17 | - | 37 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Development on 2011 and prior catastrophes | (7 | ) | (5 | ) | - | (12 | ) | (18 | ) | (21 | ) | - | (39 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Calendar year incurred total | $ | 46 | $ | 22 | $ | - | $ | 68 | $ | 175 | $ | 128 | $ | 1 | $ | 304 | ||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
First quarter catastrophes | $ | 3 | $ | (1 | ) | $ | - | $ | 2 | $ | 23 | $ | 15 | $ | - | $ | 38 | |||||||||||||||||||
Apr. 3-5 | Hail, wind, tornado | South, Midwest | 1 | - | - | 1 | 17 | 22 | - | 39 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Apr. 8-11 | Hail, wind, tornado | South, Midwest | - | - | - | - | 11 | 9 | - | 20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Apr. 14-16 | Hail, wind, tornado | South, Midwest | - | - | - | - | 10 | 4 | - | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Apr. 19-20 | Hail, wind | South, Midwest | - | (2 | ) | - | (2 | ) | 13 | 11 | - | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Apr. 22-28 | Hail, wind, tornado | South, Midwest | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | - | (3 | ) | 45 | 30 | - | 75 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
May 20-27 | Hail, wind, tornado | South, Midwest | (3 | ) | 13 | - | 10 | 42 | 50 | - | 92 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
May 29-Jun. 1 | Hail, wind, tornado | Northeast, Midwest | (2 | ) | - | - | (2 | ) | 2 | 2 | - | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jun. 16-22 | Hail, wind, tornado | South, Midwest | - | (3 | ) | - | (3 | ) | 7 | 7 | - | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jul. 1-4 | Hail, wind, tornado | Midwest | 3 | 2 | - | 5 | 3 | 2 | - | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jul. 10-14 | Hail, wind, tornado | Midwest, West | 6 | 7 | - | 13 | 6 | 7 | - | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aug. 18-19 | Hail, wind, tornado | Midwest | 12 | 1 | - | 13 | 12 | 1 | - | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aug. 26-28 | Hurricane, tornado, wind | East | 24 | 9 | - | 33 | 24 | 9 | - | 33 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sep. 3-6 | Tornado, wind | South | 8 | 7 | - | 15 | 8 | 7 | - | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All other 2011 catastrophes | 5 | 3 | - | 8 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Development on 2010 and prior catastrophes | 5 | (2 | ) | - | 3 | 9 | (7 | ) | - | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Calendar year incurred total | $ | 60 | $ | 33 | $ | - | $ | 93 | $ | 244 | $ | 179 | $ | 1 | $ | 424 |
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 32 |
The following table includes data for losses incurred of $250,000 or more per claim, net of reinsurance.
Consolidated Property Casualty Insurance Losses by Size
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | ||||||||||||||||||
New losses greater than $4,000,000 | $ | 21 | $ | 18 | 17 | $ | 36 | $ | 34 | 4 | ||||||||||||||
New losses $1,000,000-$4,000,000 | 39 | 45 | (13 | ) | 117 | 128 | (9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
New losses $250,000-$1,000,000 | 50 | 59 | (15 | ) | 152 | 165 | (8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Case reserve development above $250,000 | 60 | 57 | 5 | 182 | 142 | 28 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total large losses incurred | 170 | 179 | (5 | ) | 487 | 469 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
Other losses excluding catastrophe losses | 217 | 234 | (7 | ) | 664 | 715 | (7 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Catastrophe losses | 62 | 90 | (31 | ) | 295 | 419 | (30 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total losses incurred | $ | 449 | $ | 503 | (11 | ) | $ | 1,446 | $ | 1,603 | (10 | ) |
Ratios as a percent of earned premiums: | Pt. Change | Pt. Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
New losses greater than $4,000,000 | 2.5 | % | 2.3 | % | 0.2 | 1.4 | % | 1.5 | % | (0.1 | ) | |||||||||||||
New losses $1,000,000-$4,000,000 | 4.6 | 5.8 | (1.2 | ) | 4.7 | 5.7 | (1.0 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
New losses $250,000-$1,000,000 | 5.9 | 7.7 | (1.8 | ) | 6.2 | 7.4 | (1.2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Case reserve development above $250,000 | 7.0 | 7.5 | (0.5 | ) | 7.4 | 6.3 | 1.1 | |||||||||||||||||
Total large loss ratio | 20.0 | 23.3 | (3.3 | ) | 19.7 | 20.9 | (1.2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Other losses excluding catastrophe losses | 25.5 | 30.4 | (4.9 | ) | 26.8 | 31.9 | (5.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Catastrophe losses | 7.3 | 11.7 | (4.4 | ) | 11.9 | 18.7 | (6.8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total loss ratio | 52.8 | % | 65.4 | % | (12.6 | ) | 58.4 | % | 71.5 | % | (13.1 | ) |
We believe the inherent variability of aggregate loss experience for our portfolio of larger policies is greater than that of our portfolio of smaller policies, and we continue to monitor the variability in addition to general inflationary trends in loss costs. Our analysis continues to indicate no unexpected concentration of these large losses and case reserve increases by risk category, geographic region, policy inception, agency or field marketing territory. The third-quarter 2012 property casualty total large losses incurred of $170 million, net of reinsurance, were higher than the $164 million quarterly average during 2011 and were lower than the $179 million for the third quarter of 2011. The ratio for these large losses and case reserve increases was 3.3 percentage points lower compared with last year’s third quarter, with new losses down 2.8 points and case reserve development down 0.5 points. The third-quarter 2012 amount of total large losses incurred helped decrease the nine-month 2012 total large loss ratio, compared with 2011, in addition to a first-half 2012 ratio that was 0.3 percentage points lower than the first half of 2011. We believe results for the three-month and nine-month periods largely reflected normal fluctuations in loss patterns and normal variability in large case reserves for claims above $250,000. Losses by size are discussed in further detail in results of operations by property casualty insurance segment, beginning on Page 34.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 33 |
Commercial Lines Insurance Results of Operations
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | ||||||||||||||||||
Earned premiums | $ | 607 | $ | 557 | 9 | $ | 1,765 | $ | 1,630 | 8 | ||||||||||||||
Fee revenues | - | 1 | (100 | ) | 2 | 2 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | 607 | 558 | 9 | 1,767 | 1,632 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Loss and loss expenses from: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current accident year before catastrophe losses | 354 | 427 | (17 | ) | 1,136 | 1,234 | (8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Current accident year catastrophe losses | 52 | 56 | (7 | ) | 193 | 236 | (18 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Prior accident years before catastrophe losses | (48 | ) | (58 | ) | 17 | (198 | ) | (192 | ) | (3 | ) | |||||||||||||
Prior accident years catastrophe losses | (6 | ) | 4 | nm | (18 | ) | 8 | nm | ||||||||||||||||
Total loss and loss expenses | 352 | 429 | (18 | ) | 1,113 | 1,286 | (13 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Underwriting expenses | 195 | 173 | 13 | 580 | 541 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Underwriting profit (loss) | $ | 60 | $ | (44 | ) | nm | $ | 74 | $ | (195 | ) | nm |
Ratios as a percent of earned premiums: | Pt. Change | Pt. Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Current accident year before catastrophe losses | 58.3 | % | 76.5 | % | (18.2 | ) | 64.3 | % | 75.7 | % | (11.4 | ) | ||||||||||||
Current accident year catastrophe losses | 8.6 | 9.9 | (1.3 | ) | 10.9 | 14.4 | (3.5 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Prior accident years before catastrophe losses | (7.8 | ) | (10.4 | ) | 2.6 | (11.2 | ) | (11.8 | ) | 0.6 | ||||||||||||||
Prior accident years catastrophe losses | (1.1 | ) | 0.8 | (1.9 | ) | (1.0 | ) | 0.5 | (1.5 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total loss and loss expenses | 58.0 | 76.8 | (18.8 | ) | 63.0 | 78.8 | (15.8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Underwriting expenses | 32.2 | 31.1 | 1.1 | 32.9 | 33.2 | (0.3 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Combined ratio | 90.2 | % | 107.9 | % | (17.7 | ) | 95.9 | % | 112.0 | % | (16.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Combined ratio: | 90.2 | % | 107.9 | % | (17.7 | ) | 95.9 | % | 112.0 | % | (16.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Contribution from catastrophe losses and prior years reserve development | (0.3 | ) | 0.3 | (0.6 | ) | (1.3 | ) | 3.1 | (4.4 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Combined ratio before catastrophe losses and prior years reserve development | 90.5 | % | 107.6 | % | (17.1 | ) | 97.2 | % | 108.9 | % | (11.7 | ) |
Overview
Performance highlights for the commercial lines segment include:
· | Premiums – Commercial lines earned premiums and net written premiums grew during the third quarter and first nine months of 2012 primarily due to higher renewal premiums that continued to reflect improved pricing. Ceded premiums to reinstate coverage layers of our property catastrophe reinsurance treaty lowered net written and earned premiums by $2 million for the first nine months of 2012, compared with $24 million for the first nine months of 2011. Higher new business written premiums reflected better pricing in addition to our premium growth initiatives, also contributing to premium growth. The premiums table below analyzes the primary components of earned premiums. |
Agency renewal written premiums rose 10 percent and 8 percent for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2012, reflecting higher pricing and improving economic conditions. To better manage our business in the highly competitive commercial lines marketplace, we continue to increase our use of predictive analytics tools to improve pricing precision while also leveraging our local relationships with agents through the efforts of our teams that work closely with them. We believe our field focus is unique and has several advantages, including providing us with high-quality intelligence on local market conditions. We seek to maintain appropriate pricing discipline for both new and renewal business as we emphasize the importance of our agents and underwriters assessing account quality to make careful decisions on a case-by-case basis whether to write or renew a policy. Rate credits may be used to retain renewals of high-quality business and to earn new business, but we do so selectively in order to avoid commercial accounts that we believe have insufficient profit margins.
We measure average changes in commercial lines renewal pricing as the rate of change in renewal premium for the new policy period compared with the premium for the expiring policy period, assuming no change in the level of insured exposures or policy coverage between those periods for respective policies. During the third quarter of 2012, our standard commercial lines policies averaged estimated price increases in a mid-single-digit range, improving slightly compared with the second quarter of 2012. Our average commercial lines pricing change includes the flat pricing effect of certain coverages within package policies written for a three-year term that were in force but did not expire during the period being measured. Therefore, the average commercial lines pricing change we report reflects a blend of three-year policies that did not expire and other policies that did expire during the measurement period. For only those commercial lines policies that did expire and were subsequently renewed during the third quarter of 2012, we estimate that the average pricing change again experienced a solid mid-single-digit range increase, with workers’ compensation and commercial property policies reflecting higher than average renewal price increases.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 34 |
Renewal premiums for our commercial casualty and workers’ compensation lines include the result of policy audits that adjust initial premium amounts based on differences between estimated and actual sales or payroll related to a specific policy. Net written premiums from audits during the third quarter and the first nine months of 2012 netted a positive $11 million and $25 million, respectively. Audits contributed $9 million to the $72 million net increase in net written premiums for the third quarter of 2012 and $25 million to the $199 million net increase in net written premiums for the first nine months of 2012, both compared with the same periods a year ago. The $135 million increase in earned premiums during the first nine months of 2012, compared with 2011, included a $27 million increase from audit premiums.
New business written premiums for commercial lines increased 11 percent and 10 percent during the third quarter and first nine months of 2012 compared with the same period last year. The increase was broad-based as two-thirds of the 39 states where we offer standard market commercial lines policies had higher new business written premiums for the first nine months of 2012 compared with the same period of 2011.
Other written premiums – which primarily include premiums ceded to our reinsurers as part of our reinsurance program – included a lower total amount ceded to reinsurers for the first nine months of 2012 compared with the same period of 2011. Nine-month 2011 premiums were reduced by an additional $22 million of ceded premiums, compared with 2012, to reinstate coverage layers of our property catastrophe reinsurance treaty. Ceded premiums to reinstate that reinsurance treaty were $1 million during the third quarter and $2 million for the first nine months of 2012, compared with 2011 amounts of $1 million for the third quarter and $24 million for the first nine months. Other written premiums for 2012 also included a more favorable adjustment, compared with the third quarter and first nine months of last year, for estimated direct written premiums of policies in effect but not yet processed. The adjustment had an immaterial effect on earned premiums.
Commercial Lines Insurance Premiums
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | ||||||||||||||||||
Agency renewal written premiums | $ | 557 | $ | 507 | 10 | $ | 1,680 | $ | 1,549 | 8 | ||||||||||||||
Agency new business written premiums | 90 | 81 | 11 | 256 | 233 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other written premiums | (28 | ) | (41 | ) | 32 | (65 | ) | (110 | ) | 41 | ||||||||||||||
Net written premiums | 619 | 547 | 13 | 1,871 | 1,672 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||
Unearned premium change | (12 | ) | 10 | nm | (106 | ) | (42 | ) | (152 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Earned premiums | $ | 607 | $ | 557 | 9 | $ | 1,765 | $ | 1,630 | 8 |
· | Combined ratio – The commercial lines combined ratio for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, improved compared with the same periods of 2011. This improvement was primarily due to lower ratios for loss and loss expenses before catastrophes that in part reflected recent-year initiatives to improve pricing precision and loss experience related to claims and loss control practices, plus improving market conditions. In addition, the 2012 periods benefited from catastrophe losses that were 3.2 and 5.0 percentage points lower. |
Catastrophe losses accounted for 7.5 and 9.9 percentage points of the combined ratio for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared with 10.7 and 14.9 percentage points for the same periods last year. The 10-year annual average through 2011 for the commercial lines segment was 3.7 percentage points, and the five-year annual average was 4.3 percentage points.
The ratio for current accident year loss and loss expenses before catastrophe losses improved. The 64.3 percent ratio for the first nine months of 2012 improved 11.4 percentage points compared with the 75.7 percent accident year 2011 ratio measured as of September 30, 2011, reflecting both our profit-improvement initiatives and improving market conditions. Lower new large losses incurred, shown in the table, Commercial Lines Insurance Losses by Size, on Page 34, improved the 2012 ratio by 3.7 percentage points and were responsible for some of the ratio’s improvement. The effect of the $24 million ceded in 2011 to reinstate coverage layers of our property catastrophe reinsurance treaty increased the 2011 ratio by 1.1 percentage points. We believe the remaining reduction of 6.6 percentage points in the first three quarters of 2012 is largely due to initiatives to improve pricing precision and loss experience related to claims and loss control practices, somewhat offset by normal loss cost inflation.
Cincinnati Financial Corporation Third-Quarter 2012 10-Q Page 35 |
The net effect of reserve development on prior accident years during the third quarter and first nine months of 2012 was favorable for commercial lines overall by $54 million and $216 million compared with $54 million and $184 million for the same periods in 2011. For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, favorable reserve development on prior accident years in the commercial casualty line of business represented 60 percent of the commercial lines favorable development, while workers’ compensation accounted for 23 percent and commercial property accounted for 9 percent. The favorable reserve development recognized during the first nine months of 2012 for commercial lines included approximately 25 percent for accident year 2011 and approximately 45 percent for combined accident years 2009 and 2010. It was primarily due to reduced volatility in paid losses, reduced volatility in projections of future calendar year trends and lower than anticipated loss emergence on known claims. Reserve estimates are inherently uncertain as described in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 7, Critical Accounting Estimates, Property Casualty Insurance Loss and Loss Expense Reserves, Page 42.
The commercial lines underwriting expense ratio for the third quarter of 2012 rose compared with the third quarter of 2011, primarily due to higher agency profit-sharing commissions and higher costs for various assigned risk insurance pools. The ratio for first nine months of 2012 improved primarily due to higher earned premiums.
Underwriting results and related measures for the combined ratio are summarized in the first table of Commercial Lines Insurance Results of Operations. The tables and discussion below provide additional details for certain primary drivers of underwriting results.
Commercial Lines Insurance Losses by Size
Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | 2012 | 2011 | Change % | ||||||||||||||||||
New losses greater than $4,000,000 | $ | 21 | $ | 18 | 17 | $ | 36 | $ | 34 | 6 | ||||||||||||||
New losses $1,000,000-$4,000,000 | 30 | 41 | (27 | ) | 86 | 111 | (23 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
New losses $250,000-$1,000,000 | 33 | 45 | (27 | ) | 101 | 122 | (17 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Case reserve development above $250,000 | 56 | 52 | 8 | 171 | 129 | 33 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total large losses incurred | 140 | 156 | (10 | ) | 394 | 396 |