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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

Commission file number:  0-15006

AVANT IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(781) 433-0771

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x  No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  o No x

As of August 7, 2008, 15,708,244 shares of common stock, $.001 par value per share, were outstanding.

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AVANT IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.

FORM 10-Q
Quarter Ended June 30, 2008
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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Unaudited Financial Statements

AVANT IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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AVANT IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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AVANT IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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AVANT IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2008 AND THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007

(Unaudited)

(1)                                  Adjusted to reflect the Merger exchange ratio and a reverse stock split of 1-for-12 effective March 7, 2008.

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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AVANT IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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AVANT IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

June 30, 2008

(1)           Nature of Business and Overview

AVANT Immunotherapeutics, Inc. (the “Company” or “AVANT”) is engaged in the discovery, development and commercialization of products that harness the human immune system to prevent and treat disease. The Company is developing a portfolio of vaccines and targeted immunotherapeutics addressing a wide range of applications including oncology, infectious and inflammatory diseases. The portfolio includes a pipeline of therapeutic cancer vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, single-dose, oral vaccines aimed at protecting travelers and people in regions where infectious diseases are endemic and a treatment to reduce complement-mediated tissue damage. AVANT is advancing a pipeline of clinical and preclinical product candidates, the most advanced of which are for treatment of various cancers. AVANT’s lead programs are therapeutic cancer vaccines designed to instruct the patient’s immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. AVANT further leverages the value of its technology portfolio through corporate, governmental and non-governmental partnerships. One successful collaboration resulted in our license of a rotavirus strain to GlaxoSmithKline that was used in the development of an oral human rotavirus vaccine. Current collaborations encompass the development of vaccines addressed to cancer therapies, global health, human food safety and animal health. AVANT’s product candidates address large market opportunities for which the Company believes current therapies are inadequate or non-existent.

Merger with Celldex:  On October 22, 2007, AVANT and Celldex Therapeutics, Inc. (“Celldex”), a privately-held company, announced the signing of a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated October 19, 2007, by and between AVANT, Callisto Merger Corporation (“Merger Sub”) and Celldex (the “Merger Agreement”). On March 7, 2008, AVANT completed the merger of Merger Sub, a wholly owned subsidiary of AVANT, with and into Celldex (the “Merger”).

At the special meeting of AVANT shareholders held on March 6, 2008 in connection with the Merger, stockholders approved four proposals: (i) the issuance of shares of AVANT common stock pursuant to the Merger Agreement in the amount necessary to result in the Celldex stockholders owning 58% of AVANT common stock on a fully diluted basis, (ii) an amendment to AVANT’s Third Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares to 300,000,000, (iii) an amendment to AVANT’s Third Restated Certificate of Incorporation to effect a reverse stock split in a ratio ranging from one-for-twelve to one-for-twenty of all the issued and outstanding shares of AVANT common stock, the final ratio to be determined by the AVANT board of directors and (iv) adoption of the 2008 Stock Option and Incentive Plan.

Also, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, Celldex shareholders received 4.96 shares of AVANT common stock in exchange for each share of Celldex common stock and Class A common stock they owned at the effective time of the Merger, plus cash in lieu of fractional shares. AVANT stockholders retained 42% of, and the former Celldex stockholders now own 58% of, the outstanding shares of AVANT’s common stock on a fully-diluted basis. AVANT also assumed all of Celldex’s stock options outstanding at the effective time of the Merger.

AVANT’s board of directors approved a 1-for-12 reverse stock split of AVANT’s common stock, which became effective on March 7, 2008. As a result of the reverse stock split, each twelve shares of common stock were combined and reclassified into one share of common stock and the total number of shares outstanding was reduced from approximately 180 million shares (including the shares issued to Celldex stockholders in the Merger) to approximately 15 million shares.

The Merger was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting and was treated as an acquisition by Celldex of AVANT with Celldex being considered the accounting acquirer based on the application of criteria specified in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141, Business Combination, (“SFAS 141”), even though AVANT was the issuer of common stock and the surviving legal entity in the transaction. Under the purchase method of accounting, the deemed purchase price was allocated to AVANT’s underlying tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon the respective fair value of each with any excess deemed purchase price allocated to goodwill. However, the valuation analysis conducted by AVANT and Celldex determined that the fair value of assets acquired and the fair value of liabilities assumed by Celldex exceeded the estimated purchase price for AVANT, resulting in negative goodwill of approximately $6.0 million. In accordance with SFAS 141, the negative goodwill has been allocated to all of the acquired assets that are non-financial and non-current assets, including property and equipment, identifiable intangible assets, and in-process research and development. See Note 16 to the Company’s unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.

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Because Celldex was determined to be the acquirer for accounting purposes, the historical financial statements of Celldex became the historical financial statements of the Company as of the closing of the Merger. Accordingly, the financial statements of the Company prior to the Merger reflect the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of Celldex, which during the historical periods presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, was then majority-owned by Medarex, Inc. (“Medarex”). Following the Merger, the financial statements of the current period reflect the financial position, results of operation and cash flows of the Company. The results of operations of AVANT are included in the results of operations of the Company beginning March 8, 2008. Accordingly, except as otherwise discussed below, this report reflects the financial condition, results of operations and liquidity of the combined company at June 30, 2008 and historically of Celldex on a stand-alone basis for all periods prior to March 8, 2008.

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents at June 30, 2008 were $52,379,836. Its working capital at June 30, 2008 was $48,869,949. The Company incurred a loss of $10,260,510 and $32,391,192 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively. Net cash used in operations for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $25,964,670. The Company believes that cash inflows from existing grants and collaborations, interest income on invested funds and its current cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to meet estimated working capital requirements and fund operations beyond June 30, 2009. The working capital requirements of the Company are dependent on several factors including, but not limited to, the costs associated with research and development programs, pre-clinical and clinical studies, manufacture of clinical materials and the scope of collaborative arrangements.

On April 16, 2008, the Company and Pfizer Inc. (“Pfizer”) entered into a License and Development Agreement (the “Pfizer Agreement”) under which Pfizer will be granted an exclusive worldwide license to a therapeutic cancer vaccine candidate, CDX-110, in Phase 2 development for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (“GBM”). The Pfizer Agreement also gives Pfizer exclusive rights to the use of EGFRvIII vaccines in other potential indications. Under the Pfizer Agreement, Pfizer made an upfront payment to the Company of $40 million and made a $10 million equity investment in the Company. Pfizer will fund all development costs for these programs. The Company is also eligible to receive milestone payments exceeding $390 million for the successful development and commercialization of CDX-110 and additional EGFRvIII vaccine products, as well as royalties on any product sales.

On April 3, 2008, Rotarix® received Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) market approval for the prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants. FDA approval triggered a $1.5 million milestone payment to AVANT from GlaxoSmithKline plc (“Glaxo”), $750,000 of which the Company has retained under the Company’s agreement with Paul Royalty Fund (“PRF”). Rotarix® is now licensed in over 100 countries worldwide including the U.S. and the European Union. The Company anticipates receiving a $10 million milestone payment from PRF upon Glaxo’s U.S. launch of Rotarix®, which we expect to receive in the second half of 2008.

During the remainder of 2008, AVANT may take steps to raise additional capital including, but not limited to, the licensing of technology programs with existing or new collaborative partners, possible business combinations, or the issuance of common stock via private placements or public offerings. We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents are sufficient to fund planned operations for at least the next twelve months. While the Company continues to seek capital through a number of means, there can be no assurance that additional financing will be available on acceptable terms, if at all, and the Company’s negotiating position in capital-raising efforts may worsen as existing resources are used. There is also no assurance that the Company will be able to enter into further collaborative relationships. Additional equity financing may be dilutive to the Company’s stockholders; debt financing, if available, may involve significant cash payment obligations and covenants that restrict the Company’s ability to operate as a business; and licensing or strategic collaborations may result in royalties or other terms that reduce the Company’s economic potential from products under development.

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(2)          Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 include the consolidated accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, and have been prepared in accordance with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, the information contained herein reflects all adjustments that are necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position at June 30, 2008, results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. The Company’s financial conditions, results of operations and liquidity for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of results for any future interim period or for the full year.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America have been omitted, although the Company believes that the disclosures included, when read in conjunction with AVANT’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The accompanying December 31, 2007 Consolidated Balance Sheet was derived from audited financial statements of Celldex, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.

(3)          Significant Accounting Policies

(A) Basis of Presentation

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Celldex, Celldex Therapeutics, Ltd. (“Celldex Ltd”) and Megan Health, Inc. (“Megan”). The Company’s operations constitute one business segment. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

(B) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less. Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. At June 30, 2008, investments were primarily in money market mutual funds.

AVANT may invest its cash in debt instruments of financial institutions, government entities and corporations, and mutual funds. The Company has established guidelines relative to credit ratings, diversification and maturities to mitigate risk and maintain liquidity. Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and money market funds which are all held with three financial institutions in the U.S. and two financial institutions in the United Kingdom.

(C) Investment in Securities

AVANT has classified its equity investment in Select Vaccines Limited (“Select Vaccines”) shares as available for sale securities under SFAS 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities, (“FAS 115”). In accordance with SFAS 115, all available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair market value and, to the extent deemed temporary, unrealized gains and losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity. Realized gains and losses and declines in value, if any, judged to be other than temporary on available-for-sale securities are reported in other income (expense). At June 30, 2008, AVANT had an investment with a fair value of $340,580 in the stock of Select Vaccines.

(D) Restricted Cash

Restricted cash of $181,242 and $180,139 at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, represents security deposits for the Company’s facilities in Phillipsburg, New Jersey, of which the Company took occupancy in 2006.

(E) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

AVANT enters into various types of financial instruments in the normal course of business. The carrying amounts of AVANT’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments. Receivables are concentrated in the pharmaceutical industry and from United Kingdom Inland Revenue. Management considers the likelihood of market credit risk to be remote.

(F) Trade and Other Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company has not historically experienced credit losses from its accounts receivable and therefore has not established an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its customers.

Accounts and other receivables consist of the following:

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At June 30, 2008, trade receivables of $1,372,454 were due from Pfizer. See Note 10(c)(1).

Other receivables at June 30, 2008 represent primarily money market interest receivable of $44,393, an employee loan of $26,988 and research and development tax credit receivable of $88,071 from United Kingdom Inland Revenue. Other receivables at December 31, 2007 primarily represent an employee loan of $33,580 and research and development tax credit receivable of $88,155 from United Kingdom Inland Revenue.

(G) Long-Lived Assets:

In the ordinary course of its business, AVANT incurs substantial costs to construct property and equipment. The treatment of costs to construct these assets depends on the nature of the costs and the stage of construction. Costs incurred in the project planning and design phase, and in the construction and installation phase, are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset. AVANT stops capitalizing costs when the asset is substantially complete and ready for its intended use.

For manufacturing property and equipment, AVANT also capitalizes the cost of validating these assets for the underlying manufacturing process. AVANT completes the capitalization of validation costs when the asset is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Costs capitalized include incremental labor and fringe benefits, and direct consultancy services.

Property and equipment is stated at cost and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the related assets using the straight-line method. Laboratory equipment and office furniture and equipment are depreciated over a five-year period and computer equipment is depreciated over a three-year period. Manufacturing equipment is amortized over a seven- to ten-year period. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful life or the noncancelable term of the related lease, including any renewals that are reasonably assured of occurring. Property and equipment under construction is classified as construction in progress and is depreciated or amortized only after the asset is placed in service. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense whereas the costs of significant improvements which extend the life of the underlying asset are capitalized. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated and the related gains or losses are reflected in net income.

(H) Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets:

AVANT periodically evaluates its long-lived assets, primarily property and equipment and intangible assets for potential impairment under SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets, (“SFAS No. 144”). AVANT performs these evaluations whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets is not recoverable. Indicators of potential impairment include:

·                  a significant change in the manner in which an asset is used;

·                  a significant decrease in the market value of an asset;

·                  a significant adverse change in its business or the industry in which it is sold; and

·                  a current period operating cash flow loss combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the asset.

If AVANT believes an indicator of potential impairment exists, the carrying values of the assets are evaluated in relation to the operating performance and future undiscounted cash flows of the underlying asset. The net book value of an asset is adjusted to fair value if its expected future undiscounted cash flows are less than its book value.  The Company charges impairments of the long-lived assets to operations if its evaluations indicate that the carrying value of these assets is not recoverable. Management had identified no indicators of impairment at June 30, 2008.

(I) Accounting for Patent Costs:

Patent costs are expensed as incurred. Certain patent costs are reimbursed by the Company’s product development and licensing partners. Any reimbursed patent costs are recorded as product development and licensing agreement revenues in the Company’s financial statements.

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(J) Interest Capitalization

AVANT capitalizes interest cost as part of the historical cost of acquiring certain assets during the period of time required to get the asset ready for its intended use. The amount of capitalized interest is limited to the amount of interest incurred by AVANT.

(K) Operating Leases

The Company presently has three facilities that are located at Phillipsburg, New Jersey, and Needham and Fall River, Massachusetts under non-cancellable operating lease agreements for office, laboratory and manufacturing space. The rent payments for the three locations escalate over the lease term. Rent expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases, including any renewals that are reasonably assured of occurring. The difference between rent expense and amounts paid under the lease agreements is recorded as deferred rent in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Tenant improvements paid by the landlord are capitalized as leasehold improvements and amortized over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the remaining lease term.

(L) Intangible Assets

The Company has acquired intangible assets, which include core technology, developed technology and a strategic partner agreement, through the merger of AVANT and Celldex and the acquisition of Lorantis, Ltd (“Lorantis”). These acquired intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated lives, which range from 4.5 to 11 years. The determination of the amortization period involves estimates and judgments on management’s part. Any significant changes in the Company’s estimates or assumptions could impact the carrying value of acquired intangible assets. The Company evaluates the recoverability of these assets when facts and circumstances suggest the asset could be impaired in accordance with SFAS No. 144.

(M) Revenue Recognition

The Company accounts for revenue arrangements that include multiple deliverables in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) No. 00-21, Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Arrangements (“EITF 00-21”). EITF 00-21 addresses how to determine whether an arrangement involving multiple deliverables contains more than one unit of accounting. In applying the guidance, revenue arrangements with multiple deliverables can only be considered as separate units of accounting if (i) the delivered item has value to the customer on a standalone basis, (ii) there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered items and (iii) if the right of return exists, delivery of the undelivered items is considered probable and substantially in the control of the vendor. If these criteria are not met, the revenue elements must be considered a single unit of accounting for purposes of revenue recognition.

Payments received to fund certain research activities are recognized as revenue in the period in which the research activities are performed. Payments received in advance that are related to future performance are deferred and recognized as revenue when the research projects are performed.

AVANT has entered into various license and development agreements with pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. The terms of the agreements typically include non-refundable license fees, funding of research and development, payments based upon achievement of certain milestones and royalties on net product sales. Non-refundable license fees are recognized as contract and license fee revenue when AVANT has a contractual right to receive such payments, provided that (i) a contractual arrangement exists, (ii) the contract price is fixed or determinable, (iii) the collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured and (iv) AVANT has no further performance obligations under the license agreement. Upfront non-refundable fees associated with license and development agreements where AVANT has continuing performance obligations under the terms of the agreement are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized as revenue over the estimated service period as AVANT completes its obligations. Where AVANT’s level of effort is relatively constant over the performance period or no other pattern is estimable, the revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis. Revenue is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line basis, as of the period ending date. If the estimated service period is subsequently modified, the period over which the upfront fee is recognized is modified accordingly on a prospective basis. The determination of the performance period involves judgment on management’s part. Funding of research and development is recognized as revenue over the term of the applicable contract as costs are incurred related to that contract.

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Milestone payments are recognized as revenue upon the achievement of mutually agreed milestones, provided that (i) the milestone event is substantive and its achievement is not reasonably assured at the inception of the agreement, and (ii) there is no continuing performance obligations associated with the milestone payment. Revenues from milestone payments related to arrangements under which the Company has continuing performance obligations are recognized as revenue upon achievement of the milestone only if all of the following conditions are met: (i) the milestone payments are non-refundable; (ii) achievement of the milestone was not reasonably assured at the inception of the arrangement; (iii) substantive effort is involved in achieving the milestone; and, (iv) the amount of the milestone is reasonable in relation to the effort expended or the risk associated with achievement of the milestone. If any of these conditions are not met, the milestone payments are deferred and recognized as revenue over the term of the arrangement as AVANT completes its performance obligations.

Revenue from government contracts and grants, including U.S. government grants under Small Business Innovation Research (“SBIR”), is recognized as the services are performed and recorded as effort is expended on the contracted work and billed to the government. Product royalty revenue consists of payments received from licensees for a portion of sales proceeds from products that utilize AVANT’s licensed technologies and are recognized when the amount of and basis for such royalty payments are reported to us in accurate and appropriate form and in accordance with the related license agreement. Payments received in advance of activities being performed are recorded as deferred revenue. Any significant changes in the Company’s estimates or assumptions could impact its revenue recognition.

(N) Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs, including internal and contract research costs, are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses consist mainly of clinical trial costs, manufacturing of clinical material, toxicology and other studies, salaries, depreciation, technology access fees, royalty fees, including cost of Rotarix^® royalty revenues retained by AVANT, and funding of outside research. Costs to acquire technologies that are utilized in research and development that have no alternative future use are expensed as incurred.

(O) Clinical Trial Accruals

Most of the Company’s clinical trials are performed by third-party contract research organizations (“CROs”) and clinical supplies are manufactured by contract manufacturing organizations (“CMOs”). Invoicing from these third parties may be monthly based upon services performed or based upon milestones achieved. The Company accrues these expenses based upon its assessment of the status of each study and the work completed, and upon information obtained from the CROs and CMOs.

(P) Foreign Currency Translation

The financial statements of Celldex Ltd have been translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with SFAS No. 52, Foreign Currency Translation. All asset and liability accounts have been translated using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Income statement amounts have been translated using the average exchange rate for the period. The gains and losses resulting from the changes in exchange rate from this period have been reported in other comprehensive (loss) income. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the accumulated unrealized foreign exchange translation (losses) gains included in accumulated other comprehensive income were $2,562,778 and $2,619,036, respectively.

(Q) Income Taxes

The Company uses the asset and liability method to account for income taxes, including the recognition of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities for the anticipated future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement amounts and their respective tax bases. The Company reviews its deferred tax assets for recovery. A valuation allowance is established when the Company believes that it is more likely than not that its deferred tax assets will not be realized. Changes in valuation allowances from period to period are included in the Company’s tax provision in the period of change.

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(R) Net Loss Per Share

AVANT computes and reports earnings per share in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share. The computations of basic and diluted loss per common share are based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and potentially dilutive securities. Potentially dilutive securities include stock options and warrants. Options and warrants to purchase 1,810,751 and 1,031,374 shares of common stock were not included in the June 30, 2008 and 2007 computation of diluted net loss per share, respectively, because inclusion of such shares would have an anti-dilutive effect on net loss per share. Share amounts shown on the consolidated balance sheets and share amounts and basic and diluted net loss per share amounts shown on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss have been adjusted to reflect the Merger exchange ratio and a reverse stock split of 1-for-12 effective March 7, 2008.

(S) Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss is comprised of two components: net loss and other comprehensive income. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, AVANT recorded other comprehensive loss of $147,044 and $207,448 related to unrealized loss in its investment in Select Vaccines and $5,832 and $56,258 related to unrealized foreign exchange translation losses, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, AVANT recorded other comprehensive income of $185,359 and $164,656 related to unrealized foreign exchange translation gains, respectively.

(T) Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based awards under SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors including employee stock options and employee stock purchases related to the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“employee stock purchases”) based on estimated grant date fair values.

Compensation expense for all share-based payment awards to employees are recognized using the straight-line method. As stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, compensation expense has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. SFAS No. 123(R) requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

The Company estimates the fair value of share-based awards granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model (“Black-Scholes model”). The Company’s determination of fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. These variables include, but are not limited to, the Company’s expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, and actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors.

SFAS No. 123(R) does not change the accounting guidance for how the Company accounts for options issued to nonemployees. The Company accounts for options issued to nonemployees in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R) and EITF Issue No. 96-18, Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services. As such, the value of such options is periodically re-measured and income or expense is recognized during the vesting terms.

See Note 5 for additional information.

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(U) Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(V) Segments

Management uses consolidated financial information in determining how to allocate resources and assess performance. For this reason, AVANT has determined that it is engaged in one industry segment. Substantially all of AVANT’s revenue since inception has been generated in the United States and substantially all of our assets are in the United States.

(W) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

SFAS 141(R) and SFAS 160: In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 141(R), Business Combinations, (“SFAS No. 141(R)”), and SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51, (“SFAS No. 160”), which introduce significant changes in the accounting for and reporting of business acquisitions and noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary. SFAS No. 141(R) is to be applied prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption of both statements is prohibited. The adoption of SFAS No. 141(R) and SFAS No. 160 will only have an impact on the Company’s financial statements if it is involved in a business combination that occurs after January 1, 2009.

EITF 07-1:  In December 2007, the EITF reached a consensus on Issue No. 07-1, Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements (“EITF 07-1”).  The EITF concluded on the definition of a collaborative arrangement and that revenues and costs incurred with third parties in connection with collaborative arrangements would be presented gross or net based on the criteria in EITF 99-19, Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent, and other accounting literature.  Based on the nature of the arrangement, payments to or from collaborators would be evaluated and its terms, the nature of the entity’s business, and whether those payments are within the scope of other accounting literature would be presented.  Companies are also required to disclose the nature and purpose of collaborative arrangements along with the accounting policies and the classification and amounts of significant financial statement amounts related to the arrangements.  Activities in the arrangement conducted in a separate legal entity should be accounted for under other accounting literature; however, required disclosure under EITF 07-1 applies to the entire collaborative agreement.  EITF 07-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented for all collaborative arrangements existing as of the effective date.  The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of EITF 07-01 will have on its results of operations and financial condition.

FSP No. FAS 142-3: In April 2008, the FASB staff issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. FAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets (“FSP No. FAS 142-3”). FSP No. FAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under FASB No. 142. The intent of this FSP is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible under Statement 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure fair value of the asset under FASB No. 141 and other accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S.GAAP”). The FSP is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is prohibited. The adoption of FSP No. FAS 142-3 is not expected to have a material impact on AVANT’s financial position and results of operations.

SFAS 162:  In May 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”, or SFAS 162. SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. SFAS 162 is effective 60 days following the SEC’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” The Company does not expect SFAS 162 to have a material impact on its results of operations and financial condition.

EITF 03-6-1:  In June 2008, FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. EITF 03-6-1, “Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities”, or FSP EITF 03-6-1. FSP EITF 03-6-1 addresses whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities prior to vesting and, therefore, need to be included in the earnings allocation in computing earnings per share (EPS) under the two-class method described in paragraphs 60 and 61 of FASB Statement No. 128, “Earnings per Share”, or SFAS 128. The guidance applies to the calculation of EPS under SFAS 128 for share-based payment awards with rights to dividends or dividend equivalents. FSP EITF 03-6-1 clarifies that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of EPS pursuant to the two class method. FSP EITF 03-6-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those years. All prior-period EPS data presented shall be adjusted retrospectively (including interim financial statements, summaries of earnings and selected financial data) to conform with the provisions of this FSP. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of FSP EITF 03-6-1 will have on its results of operations and financial condition.

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(4)          Fair Value Measurements

On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, (“SFAS No. 157”), and SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115, (“SFAS No. 159”), for its financial assets and liabilities. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. As permitted by FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157, the Company elected to defer the adoption of SFAS No. 157 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis, until January 1, 2009. SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. The Company did not elect to adopt the fair value option for eligible financial instruments under SFAS No. 159.

SFAS No. 157 provides a framework for measuring fair value under U.S. GAAP and requires expanded disclosures regarding fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Market participants are buyers and sellers in the principal market that are (i) independent, (ii) knowledgeable, (iii) able to transact, and (iv) willing to transact.

SFAS No. 157 requires the use of valuation techniques that are consistent with the market approach, the income approach and/or the cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets and liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts, such as cash flows or earnings, to a single present amount on a discounted basis. The cost approach is based on the amount that currently would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement cost). Valuation techniques should be consistently applied. SFAS No. 157 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, where available, and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1        Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. The Company’s Level 1 assets consist of cash equivalents and its investment in Select Vaccines. As of June 30, 2008, the Company held cash equivalents of $50,823,377 and an investment in Select Vaccines of $340,580.

Level 2        Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. The Company had no Level 2 assets or liabilities at June 30, 2008.

Level 3        Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The Company had no material Level 3 assets or liabilities at June 30, 2008.

The Company’s financial instruments consist mainly of cash and cash equivalents, short-term accounts receivable, common stock in a publicly-traded company, accounts payable and debt obligations. Short-term accounts receivable and accounts payable are reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

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(5)          Stock-Based Compensation

As of June 30, 2008, the Company had two shareholder approved, share-based compensation plans: the 2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2004 ESPP Plan”) and the 2008 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2008 Plan”).

Employee Stock Benefit Plans

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The 2004 ESPP Plan was adopted on May 13, 2004 and assumed by the Company in connection with the Merger. All full time employees of AVANT are eligible to participate in the 2004 ESPP Plan. A total of 12,500 shares of common stock are reserved for issuance under the 2004 ESPP Plan. Under the 2004 ESPP Plan, each participating employee may contribute up to 15% of his or her compensation to purchase up to 500 shares of common stock per year in any six-month offering period and may withdraw from the offering at any time before stock is purchased. Participation terminates automatically upon termination of employment. The purchase price per share of common stock in an offering is 85% of the lower of its fair market value at either the beginning of the offering period or the applicable exercise date. At June 30, 2008, 9,885 shares were available for issuance under the 2004 ESPP Plan.

The last purchase period ended on December 31, 2007. As a consequence of the Merger, no current purchase period was offered beginning on January 1, 2008.

Employee Stock Option Plan

Stock Option Plan Description

On March 6, 2008, AVANT’s 2008 Plan was adopted at a special meeting of AVANT shareholders. The 2008 Plan replaced the 1999 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “1999 Plan”) and the Amended and Restated 1991 Stock Compensation Plan, which was an amendment and restatement of AVANT’s 1985 Incentive Option Plan. The 2008 Plan permits the granting of incentive stock options (intended to qualify as such under Section 422A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended), non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance share units, restricted stock and other awards of restricted stock in lieu of cash bonuses to employees, consultants and outside directors.

The 2008 Plan allows for a maximum of 1,500,000 shares of common stock to be issued prior to October 19, 2017. The board of directors determines the term of each option, option price, and number of shares for which each option is granted and the rate at which each option vests. Options generally vest over four years. The term of each option cannot exceed ten years (five years for options granted to holders of more than 10% of the voting stock of AVANT) and the exercise price of stock options cannot be less than the fair market value of the common stock at the date of grant (110% of fair market value for incentive stock options granted to holders of more than 10% of the voting stock of AVANT). The 2008 Plan also provides for discretionary grants of non-qualified stock options to non-employee directors. Vesting of all employee and non-employee director stock option awards is accelerated upon a change in control as defined in the 2008 Plan.

In connection with the Merger, AVANT assumed the obligations of Celldex under Celldex’s Stock Option Plan (the “Celldex Plan”) and each outstanding option to purchase Celldex common stock (a “Celldex Stock Option”) granted under the Celldex Plan. Each Celldex Stock Option assumed by AVANT is deemed to constitute an option to acquire, on the same terms and conditions as were applicable under the Celldex Plan, shares of AVANT’s common stock that have been adjusted consistent with the ratio at which AVANT’s common stock was issued in exchange for Celldex’s common stock in the Merger. As of March 7, 2008, AVANT assumed options to acquire 1,446,913 shares of its common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $8.35. The Celldex Stock Options generally vest over a two-to four-year period and the term of each option cannot exceed ten years from the date of grant. No additional awards will be issued under the Celldex Plan.

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General Option Information

A summary of stock option activity under the 2008 Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2008, adjusted to reflect the Merger exchange ratio and a reverse stock split of 1-for-12 effective March 7, 2008, is as follows:

The weighted average fair value of options granted during the six-month period ended June 30, 2008 was $4.23.

Non-Employee Grants

The Company has historically granted stock options to consultants for services. These options were issued at or above their fair market value on the date of grant and generally have four-year vesting terms from date of grant. Should the Company or the consultant terminate the consulting agreements, any unvested options will be cancelled. Options issued to non-employees are marked-to-market, which means that as the Company’s stock price fluctuates, the related expense either increases or decreases. The Company recognized expense of $332,991 and $16,253 related to non-employee stock options for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, and $349,431 and $32,606 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of June 30, 2008, the Company had total unrecognized compensation costs of $148,329 related to unvested non-employee options.

Valuation and Expenses Information

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense related to employee and non-employee stock options and employee stock purchases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, which was allocated as follows:

During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, the Company entered into an Option Cancellation Agreement concurrent with Stock Option Grant Agreement with Celldex employees. The Option Cancellation Agreement provided for the cancellation of all previously granted options under the Plan while the Stock Option Grant Agreement provided for the re-grant of stock options pursuant to the Option Cancellation Agreement.  In addition, at the consumption of the merger with AVANT, all options to purchase Celldex common stock then outstanding under the Celldex 2005 Equity Incentive Plan was assumed by AVANT and converted into options to purchase shares of AVANT common stock. The number of shares subject to the outstanding awards and related exercise price was proportionately adjusted by the same exchange ratio as Celldex shareholders received in accordance with the provisions of the Celldex 2005 Equity Incentive Plan.  The Company considered both the re-grant of stock options and exchange of Celldex options into options to acquire shares of AVANT common stock as a modification under the provisions of SFAS 123R. The modification affected a total of 15 employees, including members of the Celldex board of directors. The total incremental compensation cost resulting from the modifications amounted to approximately $2.6 million, of which $0.9 million was related to vested awards and was recognized immediately as stock based compensation in the quarter ended March 31, 2008.

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Based on basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding of 15,227,475 and 12,677,455, the effect of stock-based compensation expense recorded for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 had a $0.05 per share and $0.19 per share impact on net loss per share, respectively.

As of June 30, 2008, total compensation cost related to non-vested employee stock options not yet recognized was $3,277,319, net of estimated forfeitures, which is expected to be recognized as expense over a weighted average period of 2.69 yrs. The total fair value of employee stock options vested, including the incremental fair value for options vested that were modified, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 was $217,683 and $1,487,715, respectively

The fair values of employee and non-employee director stock options granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were valued using the Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions:

The Company used its daily historical stock price volatility consistent with the expected term of grant as the basis for its expected volatility assumption in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R) and SAB 107 for its employee and non-employee director stock options and employee stock purchases. The Company has concluded that its historical volatility is representative of expected future stock price trends. The expected volatility used by Celldex in 2007 was based on the average volatility of a group of companies that Celldex believed would be considered a peer group had it been a publicly held company.

The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates appropriate for the expected term of the Company’s employee and non-employee director stock options and employee stock purchases. The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s history of zero dividend payouts and expectation that no dividends will be paid in the foreseeable future.

The expected term of employee and non-employee director stock options represents the weighted-average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding. SAB 107 provides for a simplified method for estimating expected term for “plain-vanilla” options. The simplified method is based on the vesting period and the contractual term for each grant or for each vesting tranche for awards with graded vesting. The mid-point between the vesting date and the expiration date is used as the expected term under this method. In December 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission released SAB 110, which extended the use of the simplified method if a company met certain criteria. AVANT has concluded that the Merger represents a significant structural change in its business and in the terms of its share option grants such that AVANT’s historical exercise data may no longer provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term. The Company has elected to follow the guidance of SAB 107 and SAB 110 and has adopted the simplified method in determining expected term for all of its stock option awards.  There were 0 and 121,703 stock options granted to non-employee directors during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively.

Forfeitures were estimated based on historical experience by applying an eleven and zero percent forfeiture rate to employee and non-employee director stock option awards granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively.

The Company has not recognized any tax benefits or deductions related to the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation as the Company carries a full deferred tax asset valuation allowance and has significant net operating loss carryforwards available.

(6)          Retirement Savings Plan

The Company’s 401(k) Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) is intended to be a tax-qualified plan covering substantially all employees. Under the terms of the 401(k) Plan, employees may elect to contribute up to 15% of their compensation, or the statutory prescribed limits. The Company may make matching contributions of up to 4% of a participant’s annual salary. Benefit expense for the 401(k) Plan was approximately $37,055 and $22,282 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

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(7)           Property and Equipment

Property and equipment includes the following:

A portion of the purchase price in the Merger totaling $15,170,702 has been allocated and recorded to acquired property and equipment above and was then reduced by approximately $2,606,649 of negative goodwill.

As a result of the Merger, AVANT is converting its Fall River manufacturing facility to provide mammalian cell culture production capabilities and has classified certain manufacturing-related equipment having a fair value of $451,100 as long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale. The fair value was established based on quoted market prices by an equipment re-seller less estimated costs to remove and sell the equipment. During the quarter ended June 30, 2008, the Company sold one of the long-lived assets held for sale with a recorded value of $204,000 for $229,500 and recorded a gain of $25,500 on disposal of assets. In addition, the Company disposed of $161,523 of assets and recorded a loss of $32,054 on disposal of fixed assets during the six months ended June 30, 2008.

Depreciation expense related to equipment and leasehold improvements was $707,915 and $197,523 for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $1,061,050 and $379,892 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

(8)           Intangible and Other Assets

Intangible and other assets include the following:

On March 7, 2008, AVANT completed the Merger with Celldex being considered the accounting acquirer. Under the purchase method of accounting, AVANT determined the identifiable intangible assets acquired based upon the respective fair values of certain technology and intellectual property acquired and license agreement assumed. AVANT has determined that this technology has alternative future uses and will be incorporated into a number of AVANT’s bacterial vaccine programs. A portion of the purchase price in the transaction totaling $2,174,100 has been allocated and recorded to acquired intangible assets above and then was reduced by approximately $373,557 of negative goodwill.

All of AVANT’s intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Total amortization expense for intangible assets was $104,164 and $29,233 for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $153,058 and $58,467 for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

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The estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets as of June 30, 2008 for the remainder of fiscal year 2008 and the five succeeding years is as follows:

(9)           Income Taxes

On January 1, 2007, the Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement 109 (“FIN 48”).  FIN 48 prescribes a comprehensive model for recognizing, measuring, presenting and disclosing in the financial statements tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return, including a decision whether to file or not to file in a particular jurisdiction.  As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, AVANT recognized no material adjustment in the liability for unrecognized income tax benefits.  At adoption date and at June 30, 2008, AVANT had no material unrecognized income tax benefits.

As of December 31, 2007, the Company had federal and state net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards and federal and state research and development (“R&D”) credit carryforwards, which may be available to offset future federal and state income tax liabilities which expire at various dates starting in 2008 and going through 2027.  Utilization of the NOL and R&D credit carryforwards may be subject to substantial annual limitation due to ownership change limitations that have occurred previously or that could occur in the future provided by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as well as similar state provisions.  These ownership changes may limit the NOL and R&D credit carryforwards that can be utilized annually to offset future taxable income and tax, respectively.  In general, an ownership change, as defined by Section 382, results from transactions increasing the ownership of certain shareholders or public groups in the stock of a corporation by more than 50 percentage points over a three-year period.  Since the Company’s formation, the Company has raised capital through the issuance of capital stock on several occasions which, combined with the purchasing shareholders’ subsequent disposition of those shares, may have resulted in a change of control, as defined by Section 382, or could result in a change of control in the future upon subsequent disposition.  AVANT believes its merger with Celldex may have generated an ownership change that could further affect the limitation in future years.

During the first quarter of 2008 the Company underwent a merger in which AVANT and Celldex became a combined group for tax reporting purposes.  The merger was treated as a purchase under SFAS 141 with Celldex being the accounting acquirer.  Together they form a combined group and report income taxes as such with AVANT as the Parent Company and Celldex as the Subsidiary.  As a result of this merger, all of the prior tax attributes of both AVANT and Celldex will carry forward for potential future use subject to potential limitations.  These tax attributes are included in the Company’s income tax provision.

Massachusetts, New Jersey and Missouri are the three states in which the Company operates or has operated and has income tax nexus. Open federal and state return years subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions include the tax years ended December 31, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007 (which has not yet been filed). Carryforward attributes that were generated prior to 2004 may still be adjusted upon examination by the IRS if they either have been or will be used in a future period. The Company is currently not under examination by the Internal Revenue Service or any other jurisdictions for any tax years.

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. There have been no interest or penalties recognized in the consolidated statement of operations and on the consolidated balance sheet as a result of FIN 48 calculations. The Company has not recorded any interest and penalties on any unrecognized tax benefits since its inception.

As required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, management has evaluated the positive and negative evidence bearing upon the realizability of its net deferred tax assets, which are comprised principally of NOL, capitalized R&D expenditures and R&D tax credit carryforwards. Management has determined that it is more likely than not that AVANT will not recognize the benefits of federal and state deferred tax assets and, as a result, a full valuation allowance was maintained at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007.

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(10)         Product Development and Licensing Agreements

AVANT’s revenue from product development and licensing agreements was received pursuant to contracts and arrangements with different organizations. A summary of these contracts follows:

(A)         GlaxoSmithKline plc (“Glaxo”) and Paul Royalty Fund II, L.P. (“PRF”)

In 1997, AVANT entered into an agreement with Glaxo to collaborate on the development and commercialization of the Company’s oral rotavirus strain and Glaxo assumed responsibility for all subsequent clinical trials and all other development activities. AVANT licensed-in the rotavirus strain that was used to develop Glaxo’s Rotarix® rotavirus vaccine in 1995 and owes a license fee of 30% to Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (“CCH”) on net royalties received from Glaxo. AVANT is obligated to maintain a license with CCH with respect to the Glaxo agreement. All licensing fees are included in research and development expense. The term of the Glaxo agreement is through the expiration of the last of the relevant patents covered by the agreement, although Glaxo may terminate the agreement upon 90 days prior written notice.

In May 2005, AVANT entered into an agreement whereby an affiliate of PRF purchased an interest in the net royalties AVANT will receive on worldwide sales of Rotarix®. Under the PRF agreement, AVANT will retain 50% of future Glaxo milestone payments beginning on the effective date of the agreement with PRF, with 70% of the remaining balance payable to PRF and 30% of the remaining balance payable to CCH, respectively. AVANT’s retained interests in Rotarix® net royalties which were not sold to PRF are recorded as product royalty revenue and a corresponding amount that is payable to CCH is recorded as royalty expense, which is included in research and development expense. For the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008, AVANT recognized revenue of $766,632 related to its retained interests in Rotarix®, which is payable to CCH.

On April 3, 2008, Rotarix® received FDA market approval for the prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants, which triggered a $1.5 million milestone payment to AVANT from Glaxo, $750,000 of which AVANT has retained under AVANT’s agreement with PRF. In connection with the Company’s purchase accounting for the Merger, the present value of the Company’s retained amount, or $742,300, had been recorded as a current asset. During the quarter ended June 30, 2008, AVANT also recorded $225,000 in revenue and an offsetting amount in royalty expense for the payable due to CCH for its portion of the Glaxo milestone. The market launch of Rotarix® by Glaxo in the U.S. market would result in a $10 million milestone payment to AVANT from PRF, which AVANT expects to receive in the second half of 2008. In connection with the Merger, AVANT recorded $9.8 million as an other current asset, which represents the present value of this milestone payment adjusted for probability of success.

Royalty rates on Rotarix® escalate from 7% to 10% based on net product sales in countries that have valid patent protection. These royalty rates are discounted by 30% for “non-patent” countries (primarily international markets). In September 2006, AVANT received notice from Glaxo that Glaxo would begin paying royalties on sales of Rotarix® vaccine at the lower of the two royalty rates under their 1997 license agreement. Glaxo’s decision to pay the lower royalty rate (which is 70% of the full rate) is based upon Glaxo’s assertion that Rotarix® is not covered by the patents Glaxo licensed from AVANT in Australia and certain European countries.

If Glaxo’s position stands, the royalties to which PRF is entitled will no longer be limited by a $27.5 million annual threshold, which AVANT projected may have been reached in later years as sales of Rotarix® increased. Irrespective of Glaxo’s position, AVANT will still retain the royalties on worldwide sales of Rotarix® once PRF receives 2.45 times the aggregate cash payments it makes to AVANT, though the potential amount of such residual royalties will be lower if Glaxo’s position stands.

(B)         Glaxo and Corixa Corporation (“Corixa”)

On December 21, 2005, Corixa, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Glaxo, and Celldex Ltd (formerly Lorantis), entered into a termination agreement of their collaboration of CDX-2101, or HepVax, for the development of a therapeutic vaccine for Hepatitis B (the “Termination Agreement”). Under the terms of the Termination Agreement, Glaxo paid the Company the sum of approximately $1,632,000. In addition, and subject to the terms and conditions of the Termination Agreement, Glaxo granted to Celldex a worldwide, fully paid up, royalty-free, perpetual, nonexclusive license under the Corixa Patent Rights, Corixa Know-How Rights and Corixa Licensed Technology (each as defined in the Termination Agreement): (a) to use RC-529SE in products being developed and/or commercialized by Celldex Ltd or its Permitted Sublicensees in the Lorantis Field; and (b) to make or have made RC-529SE using RC-529 adjuvant for the limited use permitted by the license granted to reformulate Corixa’s proprietary adjuvant.

The Company has concluded that because the original collaboration between Corixa and Lorantis contained multiple deliverables, EITF 00-21 applies. For the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Company recognized $116,538 and $233,076, respectively, of revenue under the Termination Agreement.

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(C)         Pfizer Inc (“Pfizer”)

(1) Pfizer License and Development Agreement

On April 16, 2008, AVANT and Pfizer entered into a License and Development Agreement (the “Pfizer Agreement”) under which Pfizer was granted an exclusive worldwide license to a therapeutic cancer vaccine candidate, CDX-110, in Phase 2 development for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme. The Pfizer Agreement also gives Pfizer exclusive rights to the use of EGFRvIII vaccines in other potential indications. Under the Pfizer Agreement, Pfizer made an upfront payment to AVANT of $40 million and made a $10 million equity investment in AVANT. Pfizer will fund all development costs for these programs. AVANT is also eligible to receive milestone payments exceeding $390 million for the successful development and commercialization of CDX-110 and additional EGFRvIII vaccine products, as well as royalties on any product sales. The Pfizer Agreement received clearance under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (as amended) on May 19, 2008, the effective date.

On May 27, 2008, AVANT received $10 million from Pfizer in exchange for 781,250 shares of AVANT’s common stock having a fair value of $10,867,188, or $13.91 per share, on that date.  The $867,188 over the amount received from Pfizer was recorded as a reduction to deferred revenue of the $40 million upfront payment received from Pfizer on June 18, 2008.

The Company has applied the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 00-21 (“EITF 00-21”), Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables, and determined that its performance obligations under this collaboration should be accounted for as a single unit of accounting.  The Company’s deliverables under this collaboration primarily include an exclusive license to its CDX-110 product candidate and its EGFRvIII technologies, research and development services as required under the collaboration and participation in the joint clinical development committee. The Company has estimated that its performance period under the collaboration will be 9.5 years based on an assessment of the period over which the Company will have met its performance obligations under the collaboration.  Revenue is being recognized on a straight-line basis over this period using the Contingency Adjusted Performance Model (“CAPM”).  The $40,000,000 up-front payment was recorded as deferred revenue and this amount, less the $867,188 in excess fair value for AVANT’s common stock discussed above, is being amortized over the 9.5-year performance period at a rate of $1,029,811 per quarter.

The agreement also provides for reimbursement by Pfizer of all costs incurred by AVANT in connection with the collaboration since the effective date.  The Company will invoice Pfizer monthly for its reimbursable costs and record the invoiced amount as deferred revenue.  These deferred revenue amounts will be amortized to revenue over the expected 9.5-year performance period on a straight-line basis using the CAPM model.  For the three-month period ended June 30, 2008, AVANT had incurred and invoiced Pfizer $1,372,454 in reimbursable costs related to the Pfizer collaboration.

The Company recorded revenue under this collaboration of $516,995 during the three-month period ended June 30, 2008 which is included in “Product Development and Licensing Agreements” within the Revenue section of the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008.  Of this amount, $492,020 was attributed to the amortization of the upfront payment and $24,975 was attributed to the amortization of expenses incurred by the Company for which Pfizer is obligated to reimburse the Company.

In connection with the initial deliverables under Pfizer Agreement as discussed further in Notes 11(C) and 11(D), the Company is obligated to pay a sublicense fee of $2,365,174 to each of two research universities, Duke University (“Duke”) and Thomas Jefferson University (“TJU”), and to pay TJU an additional license fee of $500,000.  The Company has recognized $492,020 of these costs as royalty expense at June 30, 2008 and recorded the remaining costs of $4,738,329 as deferred costs in the “Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets” line item in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 2008.

(2) Pfizer Animal Health Agreement

The Company entered into a licensing agreement in December 2000 with Pfizer’s Animal Health Division whereby Pfizer has licensed Megan’s technology for the development of animal health and food safety vaccines. Under the agreement, AVANT may receive additional milestone payments of up to $3 million based upon attainment of specified milestones. AVANT may receive royalty payments on eventual product sales. The term of this agreement is through the expiration of the last of the patents covered by the agreement. AVANT has no obligation to incur any research and development costs in connection with this agreement.

As of June 1, 2006, AVANT entered into a Collaborative Research and Development Agreement with Pfizer aimed at the discovery and development of vaccines to protect animals. In 2007, further funded work at AVANT on the joint research program was terminated by Pfizer after AVANT provided two of four deliverables to Pfizer.

(D)         Rockefeller University (“Rockefeller”) and Gates Grand Challenge Award

AVANT is developing a vaccine, CDX-2401, aimed at providing protection from infection with HIV, the virus known to cause AIDS. This program is in a Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation funded partnership with collaborators at Rockefeller and the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, who have shown in model systems that protective immunity can be induced with such a vaccine. Preclinical studies and manufacturing development are in progress and payments to AVANT are made on a time and materials basis. For the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, AVANT recognized grant revenue from Rockefeller of $208,928 and $460,189, respectively.

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(11)         Collaboration Agreements

(A)          Rockefeller University

On November 1, 2005, the Company and Rockefeller University (“Rockefeller”) entered into a license agreement for the exclusive worldwide rights to human DEC-205 receptor, with the right to sublicense the technology. The license grant is exclusive except that Rockefeller may use and permit other nonprofit organizations to use the human DEC-205 receptor patent rights for educational and research purposes. In addition, the Company acknowledges that Rockefeller has granted Howard Hughes Medical Institute (“HHMI”) a paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable license to use the patent rights, biological materials, and technical information for HHMI’s research purposes, but with no right to sublicense. The Company may also be required to pay royalties on any product sales. The royalties will be payable on a country-by-country and licensed product-by-licensed product basis until the date which is the later of (i) the expiration of the last to expire of the patents covering the licensed product in such country or (ii) ten years following the first commercial sale of a licensed product in such country.

The Company may be required to pay license fees and milestone payments to Rockefeller with respect to development of the human DEC-205 receptor. These fees and milestones may total up to $2 million to $4 million per product candidate that receives approval from the FDA and equivalent foreign agencies.

(B)          Duke University Brain Tumor Cancer Center

On September 1, 2006, the Company and Duke University Brain Tumor Cancer Center of Duke University (“Duke”) entered into a license agreement that gave the Company access and reference to the clinical data generated by Duke and its collaborators in order for the Company to generate its own filing with the FDA relating to its CDX-110 product.

In exchange for referencing all the Duke data, the Company paid Duke a one-time upfront payment of $175,000 and issued to Duke 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, which the Company recorded in 2006 as a licensing expense in research and development. The estimated aggregate fair value of the common shares issued was $330,000.