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Hamilton Reports $577 million of Net Income, 24% Growth in Book Value Per Share, and Declares Special Dividend

Hamilton Insurance Group, Ltd. (NYSE: HG; “Hamilton” or the “Company”) today announced financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2025.

Commenting on the results, Pina Albo, CEO of Hamilton, said:

“Hamilton delivered another record result in 2025, with net income of $577 million, or a 44% increase over net income last year, and a 22% return on average equity. Gross premiums written grew 21% to $2.9 billion, our combined ratio was 92.9%, and book value per share increased 24%. Since our listing in 2023, we have posted excellent underwriting results while growing book value per share 64%. With these exceptional results, the Board of Directors declared a special dividend of $2.00 per common share.

These results underscore the strength and stability of the organization we’ve built and are a direct reflection of the hard work and commitment of our talented team. We’ve entered a transitioning market environment from a position of strength - and we are built to manage the cycle with discipline and confidence.”

Special Dividend

On February 18, 2026, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a special dividend of $2.00 per common share outstanding, which will result in an aggregate payment of approximately $206.0 million. The dividend is payable on March 30, 2026, to common shareholders of record on March 6, 2026.

Consolidated Highlights – Full Year

  • Net income of $576.7 million, or $5.55 per diluted share and operating income of $502.5 million, or $4.84 per diluted share;
  • Return on average equity of 22.4% and operating return on average equity of 19.5%;
  • Gross premiums written of $2.9 billion, an increase of 20.7% compared to the full year 2024;
  • Net premiums earned of $2.1 billion, an increase of 21.6% compared to the full year 2024;
  • Combined ratio of 92.9%;
  • Underwriting income of $148.8 million;
  • California wildfires losses of $142.8 million, net of reinsurance and $16.9 million of reinstatement premiums;
  • Net investment income of $511.8 million, comprised of Two Sigma Hamilton Fund returns of $300.9 million, and fixed income, short term and cash and cash equivalents returns of $210.9 million;
  • Book value per share of $28.50, an increase of 24.2% compared to December 31, 2024; and
  • Repurchased common shares of $93.4 million in 2025.

Consolidated Highlights – Fourth Quarter

  • Net income of $172.2 million, or $1.69 per diluted share and operating income of $168.2 million, or $1.65 per diluted share;
  • Annualized return on average equity of 25.1% and annualized operating return on average equity of 24.5%;
  • Gross premiums written of $669.0 million, an increase of 23.0% compared to the fourth quarter of 2024;
  • Net premiums earned of $576.7 million, an increase of 19.7% compared to the fourth quarter of 2024;
  • Combined ratio of 87.0%;
  • Underwriting income of $75.5 million;
  • Net investment income of $98.1 million, comprised of Two Sigma Hamilton Fund returns of $56.0 million, and fixed income, short term and cash and cash equivalents returns of $42.1 million; and
  • Repurchased common shares of $7.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2025.

Consolidated Results – Fourth Quarter

 

For the Three Months Ended

($ in thousands, except for per share amounts and percentages)

December 31,
2025

 

December 31,
2024

 

Change

Gross premiums written

$

668,968

 

 

$

543,937

 

 

$

125,031

Net premiums written

 

548,373

 

 

 

453,326

 

 

 

95,047

 

Net premiums earned

 

576,686

 

 

 

481,867

 

 

 

94,819

 

Underwriting income (loss)

$

75,536

 

 

$

22,444

 

 

$

53,092

 

Combined ratio

 

87.0

%

 

 

95.4

%

 

(8.4 pts)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders

$

172,185

 

 

$

33,920

 

 

$

138,265

 

Income (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders - diluted

$

1.69

 

 

$

0.32

 

 

 

Book value per common share

$

28.50

 

 

$

22.95

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Return on average common equity - annualized

 

25.1

%

 

 

5.8

%

 

 

 

For the Three Months Ended

Key Ratios

December 31,
2025

 

December 31,
2024

 

Change

Attritional loss ratio - current year

56.5

%

 

51.2

%

 

5.3 pts

Attritional loss ratio - prior year

(3.1

%)

 

(1.3

%)

 

(1.8 pts)

Catastrophe loss ratio - current year

1.4

%

 

11.9

%

 

(10.5 pts)

Catastrophe loss ratio - prior year

(0.2

%)

 

(1.7

%)

 

1.5 pts

Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio

54.6

%

 

60.1

%

 

(5.5 pts)

Acquisition cost ratio

24.7

%

 

22.0

%

 

2.7 pts

Other underwriting expense ratio

7.7

%

 

13.3

%

 

(5.6 pts)

Combined ratio

87.0

%

 

95.4

%

 

(8.4 pts)

  • Gross premiums written increased by $125.0 million, or 23.0%, to $669.0 million with an increase of $53.2 million, or 27.5%, in the Bermuda Segment, and $71.9 million, or 20.5%, in the International Segment.
  • Net premiums written increased by $95.0 million, or 21.0%, to $548.4 million with an increase of $36.6 million, or 21.4%, in the Bermuda Segment, and $58.4 million, or 20.7%, in the International Segment.
  • Net premiums earned increased by $94.8 million, or 19.7%, to $576.7 million with an increase of $34.8 million, or 14.9%, in the Bermuda Segment, and $60.1 million, or 24.1%, in the International Segment.
  • The attritional loss ratio (current year), net of reinsurance, was 56.5%. The increase of 5.3 points was primarily driven by more large losses, compared to the same period in 2024, and a change in business mix, including an increase in casualty reinsurance business.
  • Net favorable attritional prior year reserve development, net of reinsurance, was $18.1 million, primarily driven by favorable development in property and specialty classes.
  • Catastrophe losses (current and prior year), net of reinsurance, were $7.0 million, driven by the Queensland hailstorms ($6.9 million) and severe convective storms ($1.0 million), partially offset by favorable prior year development ($0.9 million).
  • The acquisition cost ratio increased by 2.7 points compared to the same period in 2024, primarily due to a change in business mix and higher profit commission costs on certain lines of business.
  • The other underwriting expense ratio decreased by 5.6 points compared to the same period in 2024, primarily driven by Bermuda substance-based tax credits, an increase in net premiums earned and increased performance based management fees, which offset the other underwriting expense ratio.

International Segment Underwriting Results – Fourth Quarter

International Segment

For the Three Months Ended

($ in thousands, except for percentages)

December 31,
2025

 

December 31,
2024

 

Change

Gross premiums written

$

422,345

 

 

$

350,479

 

 

$

71,866

Net premiums written

 

340,588

 

 

 

282,161

 

 

 

58,427

 

Net premiums earned

 

309,299

 

 

 

249,234

 

 

 

60,065

 

Underwriting income (loss)

$

12,444

 

 

$

9,263

 

 

$

3,181

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Key Ratios

 

 

 

 

 

Attritional loss ratio - current year

 

56.3

%

 

 

50.8

%

 

5.5 pts

Attritional loss ratio - prior year

 

(2.3

%)

 

 

(2.1

%)

 

(0.2 pts)

Catastrophe loss ratio - current year

 

0.0

%

 

 

7.8

%

 

(7.8 pts)

Catastrophe loss ratio - prior year

 

0.0

%

 

 

(0.8

%)

 

0.8 pts

Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio

 

54.0

%

 

 

55.7

%

 

(1.7 pts)

Acquisition cost ratio

 

26.3

%

 

 

22.6

%

 

3.7 pts

Other underwriting expense ratio

 

15.7

%

 

 

18.0

%

 

(2.3 pts)

Combined ratio

 

96.0

%

 

 

96.3

%

 

(0.3 pts)

  • Gross premiums written increased by $71.9 million, or 20.5%, to $422.3 million, primarily driven by growth in both new and existing business in casualty, specialty and property insurance classes and our specialty reinsurance class.
  • The attritional loss ratio (current year), net of reinsurance, of 56.3% was impacted by one large loss in our specialty insurance class.
  • Net favorable attritional prior year reserve development, net of reinsurance, was $7.2 million, primarily driven by favorable development in property and specialty classes.
  • Catastrophe losses (current and prior year), net of reinsurance, were $Nil.
  • The acquisition cost ratio increased by 3.7 points compared to the same period in 2024, primarily driven by higher profit commission costs on certain lines of business and a change in business mix.
  • The other underwriting expense ratio decreased by 2.3 points compared to the same period in 2024, primarily driven by growth in the premium base, partially offset by a decrease in third party fee income.

Bermuda Segment Underwriting Results – Fourth Quarter

Bermuda Segment

For the Three Months Ended

($ in thousands, except for percentages)

December 31,
2025

 

December 31,
2024

 

Change

Gross premiums written

$

246,623

 

 

$

193,458

 

 

$

53,165

Net premiums written

 

207,785

 

 

 

171,165

 

 

 

36,620

 

Net premiums earned

 

267,387

 

 

 

232,633

 

 

 

34,754

 

Underwriting income (loss)

$

63,092

 

 

$

13,181

 

 

$

49,911

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Key Ratios

 

 

 

 

 

Attritional loss ratio - current year

 

56.7

%

 

 

51.7

%

 

5.0 pts

Attritional loss ratio - prior year

 

(4.1

%)

 

 

(0.4

%)

 

(3.7 pts)

Catastrophe loss ratio - current year

 

3.0

%

 

 

16.1

%

 

(13.1 pts)

Catastrophe loss ratio - prior year

 

(0.4

%)

 

 

(2.6

%)

 

2.2 pts

Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio

 

55.2

%

 

 

64.8

%

 

(9.6 pts)

Acquisition cost ratio

 

22.8

%

 

 

21.3

%

 

1.5 pts

Other underwriting expense ratio

 

(1.6

%)

 

 

8.2

%

 

(9.8 pts)

Combined ratio

 

76.4

%

 

 

94.3

%

 

(17.9 pts)

  • Gross premiums written increased by $53.2 million, or 27.5%, to $246.6 million, primarily driven by growth in both new and existing business in casualty and specialty reinsurance classes.
  • The attritional loss ratio (current year), net of reinsurance, was 56.7%. The increase of 5.0 points was primarily driven by more large losses, compared to the same period in 2024, and a change in business mix, including an increase in casualty reinsurance business.
  • Net favorable attritional prior year reserve development, net of reinsurance, was $10.9 million, primarily driven by favorable development in our property class.
  • Catastrophe losses (current and prior year), net of reinsurance, were $7.0 million, primarily driven by the Queensland hailstorms, partially offset by favorable prior year development.
  • The acquisition cost ratio increased by 1.5 points compared to the same period in 2024, primarily driven a change in business mix.
  • The other underwriting expense ratio decreased by 9.8 points compared to the same period in 2024, primarily driven by Bermuda substance-based tax credits, increased performance based management fees, which offset the other underwriting expense ratio and an increase in net premiums earned.

Consolidated Underwriting Results – Full Year

 

For the Years Ended

($ in thousands, except for per share amounts and percentages)

December 31,
2025

 

December 31,
2024

 

Change

Gross premiums written

$

2,923,145

 

 

$

2,422,582

 

 

$

500,563

 

Net premiums written

 

2,287,543

 

 

 

1,921,169

 

 

 

366,374

 

Net premiums earned

 

2,109,776

 

 

 

1,734,729

 

 

 

375,047

 

Underwriting income (loss)

$

148,823

 

 

$

149,364

 

 

$

(541

)

Combined ratio

 

92.9

%

 

 

91.3

%

 

1.6 pts

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders

$

576,670

 

 

$

400,429

 

 

$

176,241

 

Income (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders - diluted

$

5.55

 

 

$

3.67

 

 

 

Book value per common share

$

28.50

 

 

$

22.95

 

 

 

Change in book value per share

 

24.2

%

 

 

23.5

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Return on average common equity

 

22.4

%

 

 

18.3

%

 

 

 

For the Years Ended

Key Ratios

December 31,
2025

 

December 31,
2024

 

Change

Attritional loss ratio - current year

54.4

%

 

53.1

%

 

1.3 pts

Attritional loss ratio - prior year

(2.2

%)

 

0.0

%

 

(2.2 pts)

Catastrophe loss ratio - current year

8.4

%

 

6.3

%

 

2.1 pts

Catastrophe loss ratio - prior year

(0.9

%)

 

(1.2

%)

 

0.3 pts

Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio

59.7

%

 

58.2

%

 

1.5 pts

Acquisition cost ratio

24.0

%

 

22.4

%

 

1.6 pts

Other underwriting expense ratio

9.2

%

 

10.7

%

 

(1.5 pts)

Combined ratio

92.9

%

 

91.3

%

 

1.6 pts

  • Gross premiums written increased by $500.6 million, or 20.7%, to $2.9 billion, with an increase of $292.0 million, or 26.2%, in the Bermuda Segment, and $208.6 million, or 15.9%, in the International Segment.
  • Net premiums written increased by $366.4 million, or 19.1%, to $2.3 billion, with an increase of $203.9 million, or 21.4%, in the Bermuda Segment, and $162.5 million, or 16.8%, in the International Segment.
  • Net premiums earned increased by $375.0 million, or 21.6%, to $2.1 billion, with an increase of $206.6 million, or 24.4%, in the Bermuda Segment, and $168.4 million, or 19.0%, in the International Segment.
  • The attritional loss ratio (current year), net of reinsurance, of 54.4% was impacted by a change in business mix, including an increase in casualty reinsurance business and certain large losses in our Bermuda specialty and property reinsurance classes.
  • Net favorable attritional prior year reserve development, net of reinsurance, was $46.4 million, primarily driven by favorable development in property and specialty classes, partially offset by unfavorable development in certain casualty classes.
  • Catastrophe losses (current and prior year), net of reinsurance, were $159.0 million, driven by the California wildfires ($159.7 million), severe convective storms ($10.9 million) and the Queensland hailstorms ($6.9 million), partially offset by favorable prior year development ($18.5 million).
  • The acquisition cost ratio increased by 1.6 points compared to the same period in 2024, primarily due to a change in business mix and higher profit commission costs on certain lines of business.
  • The other underwriting expense ratio decreased by 1.5 points compared to the same period in 2024, primarily driven by Bermuda substance-based tax credits and an increase in net premiums earned.

International Segment Underwriting Results – Full Year

International Segment

For the Years Ended

($ in thousands, except for percentages)

December 31,
2025

 

December 31,
2024

 

Change

Gross premiums written

$

1,517,060

 

 

$

1,308,460

 

 

$

208,600

Net premiums written

 

1,132,061

 

 

 

969,605

 

 

 

162,456

 

Net premiums earned

 

1,055,377

 

 

 

886,934

 

 

 

168,443

 

Underwriting income (loss)

$

52,209

 

 

$

39,433

 

 

$

12,776

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Key Ratios

 

 

 

 

 

Attritional loss ratio - current year

 

54.0

%

 

 

53.5

%

 

0.5 pts

Attritional loss ratio - prior year

 

(2.8

%)

 

 

(0.4

%)

 

(2.4 pts)

Catastrophe loss ratio - current year

 

2.9

%

 

 

3.9

%

 

(1.0 pts)

Catastrophe loss ratio - prior year

 

0.0

%

 

 

(0.8

%)

 

0.8 pts

Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio

 

54.1

%

 

 

56.2

%

 

(2.1 pts)

Acquisition cost ratio

 

26.2

%

 

 

24.5

%

 

1.7 pts

Other underwriting expense ratio

 

14.7

%

 

 

14.9

%

 

(0.2 pts)

Combined ratio

 

95.0

%

 

 

95.6

%

 

(0.6 pts)

  • Gross premiums written increased by $208.6 million, or 15.9%, to $1.5 billion, primarily driven by growth in both new and existing business in casualty, specialty and property insurance classes.
  • The attritional loss ratio (current year), net of reinsurance, was 54.0%, an increase of 0.5 points compared to the same period in 2024.
  • Net favorable attritional prior year reserve development, net of reinsurance, was $29.1 million, primarily driven by favorable development in property, specialty and casualty insurance classes.
  • Catastrophe losses (current and prior year), net of reinsurance, were $30.2 million, primarily driven by the California wildfires, partially offset by favorable prior year development.
  • The acquisition cost ratio increased by 1.7 points compared to the same period in 2024, primarily driven by higher profit commission costs on certain lines of business and a change in business mix.
  • The other underwriting expense ratio decreased by 0.2 points compared to the same period in 2024.

Bermuda Segment Underwriting Results – Full Year

Bermuda Segment

For the Years Ended

($ in thousands, except for percentages)

December 31,
2025

 

December 31,
2024

 

Change

Gross premiums written

$

1,406,085

 

 

$

1,114,122

 

 

$

291,963

Net premiums written

 

1,155,482

 

 

 

951,564

 

 

 

203,918

 

Net premiums earned

 

1,054,399

 

 

 

847,795

 

 

 

206,604

 

Underwriting income (loss)

$

96,614

 

 

$

109,931

 

 

$

(13,317

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Key Ratios

 

 

 

 

 

Attritional loss ratio - current year

 

54.6

%

 

 

52.7

%

 

1.9 pts

Attritional loss ratio - prior year

 

(1.6

%)

 

 

0.5

%

 

(2.1 pts)

Catastrophe loss ratio - current year

 

13.9

%

 

 

8.9

%

 

5.0 pts

Catastrophe loss ratio - prior year

 

(1.7

%)

 

 

(1.7

%)

 

0.0 pts

Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio

 

65.2

%

 

 

60.4

%

 

4.8 pts

Acquisition cost ratio

 

21.9

%

 

 

20.3

%

 

1.6 pts

Other underwriting expense ratio

 

3.8

%

 

 

6.3

%

 

(2.5 pts)

Combined ratio

 

90.9

%

 

 

87.0

%

 

3.9 pts

  • Gross premiums written increased by $292.0 million, or 26.2%, to $1.4 billion, primarily driven by growth in both new and existing business in casualty and property reinsurance classes.
  • The attritional loss ratio (current year), net of reinsurance, of 54.6% was impacted by a change in business mix, including an increase in casualty reinsurance business and certain large losses in our specialty and property reinsurance classes.
  • Net favorable attritional prior year reserve development, net of reinsurance, was $17.3 million, primarily driven by favorable development in property and specialty classes, partially offset by unfavorable development in certain casualty classes.
  • Catastrophe losses (current and prior year), net of reinsurance, were $128.8 million, primarily driven by the California wildfires, severe convective storms and the Queensland hailstorms, partially offset by favorable prior year development.
  • The acquisition cost ratio increased by 1.6 points compared to the same period in 2024, driven by a change in business mix, including more proportional business written in our casualty reinsurance class.
  • The other underwriting expense ratio decreased by 2.5 points compared to the same period in 2024, primarily driven by Bermuda substance-based tax credits, increased performance based management fees, which offset the other underwriting expense ratio, and an increase in net premiums earned.

Investments and Shareholders’ Equity as of December 31, 2025

  • Total cash and invested assets of $5.9 billion compared to $4.8 billion at December 31, 2024.
  • Total shareholders’ equity of $2.8 billion compared to $2.3 billion at December 31, 2024.
  • Book value per share of $28.50 compared to $22.95 at December 31, 2024, an increase of 24.2%.

Conference Call Details and Additional Information

Conference Call Information

Hamilton will host a conference call to discuss its financial results on Friday, February 20, 2026, at 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time. A live, audio webcast of the conference call can be accessed through the Investors portal of the Company’s website at investors.hamiltongroup.com where a replay of the call will also be available.

For access to the webcast, please log in a few minutes in advance to complete any necessary registration.

Additional Information

In addition to the information provided in the Company's earnings release, we have also made available supplementary financial information and an investor presentation which may be referred to during the conference call and will be available on the Company’s website at investors.hamiltongroup.com.

About Hamilton Insurance Group, Ltd.

Hamilton is a Bermuda-headquartered specialty insurance and reinsurance company that underwrites risks on a global basis through its wholly owned subsidiaries. Its three underwriting platforms: Hamilton Global Specialty, Hamilton Select and Hamilton Re, each with dedicated and experienced leadership, provide access to diversified and profitable business around the world.

For more information about Hamilton, visit our website at www.hamiltongroup.com or find us on LinkedIn at Hamilton.

Consolidated Balance Sheet

($ in thousands, except share information)

December 31,
2025

 

December 31,
2024

Assets

 

 

 

Fixed maturity investments, at fair value

(amortized cost 2025: $3,210,940; 2024: $2,422,917)

$

3,238,543

 

 

$

2,377,862

 

Short-term investments, at fair value (amortized cost 2025: $200,052; 2024: $495,630)

 

200,459

 

 

 

497,110

 

Investments in Two Sigma Funds, at fair value (cost 2025: $1,355,563; 2024: $805,623)

 

1,587,658

 

 

 

939,381

 

Total investments

 

5,026,660

 

 

 

3,814,353

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

1,062,359

 

 

 

996,493

 

Restricted cash and cash equivalents

 

109,731

 

 

 

104,359

 

Premiums receivable

 

939,777

 

 

 

771,707

 

Paid losses recoverable

 

93,659

 

 

 

134,406

 

Deferred acquisition costs

 

257,203

 

 

 

208,985

 

Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses recoverable

 

1,375,857

 

 

 

1,171,040

 

Receivables for investments sold

 

58,029

 

 

 

74,006

 

Prepaid reinsurance

 

296,351

 

 

 

218,921

 

Intangible assets

 

86,624

 

 

 

93,121

 

Other assets

 

265,363

 

 

 

208,642

 

Total assets

$

9,571,613

 

 

$

7,796,033

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities, non-controlling interest, and shareholders' equity

 

 

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

Reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses

$

4,415,176

 

 

$

3,532,491

 

Unearned premiums

 

1,377,474

 

 

 

1,122,277

 

Reinsurance balances payable

 

296,400

 

 

 

261,275

 

Payables for investments purchased

 

209,853

 

 

 

115,427

 

Term loan, net of issuance costs

 

149,743

 

 

 

149,945

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

 

177,320

 

 

 

185,361

 

Payables to related parties

 

123,376

 

 

 

100,420

 

Total liabilities

 

6,749,342

 

 

 

5,467,196

 

 

 

 

 

Non-controlling interest – TS Hamilton Fund

 

172

 

 

 

128

 

 

 

 

 

Shareholders’ equity

 

 

 

Common shares:

 

 

 

Class A, authorized (2025: 26,444,807 and 2024: 26,944,807), par value $0.01;

issued and outstanding (2025: 17,320,078 and 2024: 17,820,078)

 

173

 

 

 

178

 

Class B, authorized (2025: 84,677,932 and 2024: 80,205,911), par value $0.01;

issued and outstanding (2025: 66,305,707 and 2024: 64,271,249)

 

663

 

 

 

643

 

Class C, authorized (2025: 15,403,649 and 2024: 19,375,670), par value $0.01;

issued and outstanding (2025: 15,403,649 and 2024: 19,375,670)

 

154

 

 

 

194

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

1,134,985

 

 

 

1,163,609

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(4,441

)

 

 

(4,441

)

Retained earnings

 

1,690,565

 

 

 

1,168,526

 

Total shareholders' equity

 

2,822,099

 

 

 

2,328,709

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities, non-controlling interest, and shareholders' equity

$

9,571,613

 

 

$

7,796,033

 

Consolidated Statement of Operations

 

Three Months Ended

 

Years Ended

 

December 31,

 

December 31,

($ in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

2025

 

 

 

2024

 

 

 

2025

 

 

 

2024

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross premiums written

$

668,968

 

 

$

543,937

 

 

$

2,923,145

 

 

$

2,422,582

 

Reinsurance premiums ceded

 

(120,595

)

 

 

(90,611

)

 

 

(635,602

)

 

 

(501,413

)

Net premiums written

 

548,373

 

 

 

453,326

 

 

 

2,287,543

 

 

 

1,921,169

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net change in unearned premiums

 

28,313

 

 

 

28,541

 

 

 

(177,767

)

 

 

(186,440

)

Net premiums earned

 

576,686

 

 

 

481,867

 

 

 

2,109,776

 

 

 

1,734,729

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments

 

115,148

 

 

 

56,556

 

 

 

687,111

 

 

 

511,407

 

Net investment income (loss)

 

25,300

 

 

 

19,600

 

 

 

88,021

 

 

 

63,267

 

Total net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments and net investment income (loss)

 

140,448

 

 

 

76,156

 

 

 

775,132

 

 

 

574,674

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other income (loss)

 

12,756

 

 

 

5,818

 

 

 

26,601

 

 

 

23,752

 

Net foreign exchange gains (losses)

 

(1,563

)

 

 

6,652

 

 

 

(5,985

)

 

 

(3,231

)

Total revenues

 

728,327

 

 

 

570,493

 

 

 

2,905,524

 

 

 

2,329,924

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Losses and loss adjustment expenses

 

314,646

 

 

 

289,695

 

 

 

1,258,521

 

 

 

1,010,173

 

Acquisition costs

 

142,181

 

 

 

105,872

 

 

 

507,290

 

 

 

388,931

 

General and administrative expenses

 

73,078

 

 

 

88,960

 

 

 

278,910

 

 

 

271,124

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

3,815

 

 

 

3,747

 

 

 

15,709

 

 

 

15,520

 

Interest expense

 

4,925

 

 

 

5,526

 

 

 

20,189

 

 

 

22,616

 

Total expenses

 

538,645

 

 

 

493,800

 

 

 

2,080,619

 

 

 

1,708,364

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income tax

 

189,682

 

 

 

76,693

 

 

 

824,905

 

 

 

621,560

 

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

(24,872

)

 

 

2,284

 

 

 

(15,124

)

 

 

8,402

 

Net income (loss)

 

214,554

 

 

 

74,409

 

 

 

840,029

 

 

 

613,158

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest

 

42,369

 

 

 

40,489

 

 

 

263,359

 

 

 

212,729

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common shareholders

$

172,185

 

 

$

33,920

 

 

$

576,670

 

 

$

400,429

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Per share data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic income (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders

$

1.74

 

 

$

0.33

 

 

$

5.75

 

 

$

3.81

 

Diluted income (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders

$

1.69

 

 

$

0.32

 

 

$

5.55

 

 

$

3.67

 

Non-GAAP Financial Measures Reconciliation

We present our results of operations in a way that we believe will be the most meaningful and useful to investors, analysts, rating agencies and others who use our financial information to evaluate our performance. Some of the measurements that management uses to assess our operating results are considered non-GAAP financial measures under Regulation G and Item 10(e) of Regulation S-K, each promulgated by the SEC. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures, which may be defined and calculated differently by other companies, help explain and enhance the understanding of our results of operations. However, these measures should not be viewed as a substitute for those determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Where appropriate, reconciliations of our non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures are included below.

Operating Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Shareholders, Operating Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Shareholders per Common Share - Diluted and Operating Return on Average Common Shareholders' Equity - Annualized

Operating income (loss) attributable to common shareholders, as used herein, differs from net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common shareholders, which we believe is the most directly comparable GAAP measure, by the exclusion of net realized and unrealized gains and losses on fixed maturity and short term investments, and net foreign exchange gains and losses. We also use operating income (loss) attributable to common shareholders to calculate operating income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per common share - diluted and operating return on average common shareholders' equity - annualized.

We believe that operating income (loss) attributable to common shareholders, operating income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per common share - diluted and operating return on average common shareholders' equity - annualized are meaningful and useful to investors, analysts, rating agencies and others who use our financial information to evaluate our performance.

The following tables are a reconciliation of: net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common shareholders to operating income (loss) attributable to common shareholders; net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per common share - diluted to operating income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per common share - diluted; and return on average common shareholders' equity - annualized to operating return on average common shareholders' equity - annualized. Comparative information for the prior periods presented have been updated to conform to the current methodology and presentation.

Operating Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Shareholders, Operating Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Shareholders per Common Share - Diluted and Operating Return on Average Common Shareholders' Equity - Annualized (continued)

 

Three Months Ended

 

Years Ended

 

December 31,

 

December 31,

($ in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

2025

 

 

 

2024

 

 

 

2025

 

 

 

2024

 

Net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common shareholders

$

       172,185

 

 

$

         33,920

 

 

$

       576,670

 

 

$

       400,429

Adjustment for:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net realized (gains) losses on investments - Fixed maturity and short-term investments(1)

 

            (3,229

)

 

 

                441

 

 

 

            (7,369

)

 

 

             2,023

 

Net unrealized (gains) losses on investments - Fixed maturity and short-term investments(1)

 

            (2,275

)

 

 

           59,212

 

 

 

          (72,771

)

 

 

             8,908

 

Net foreign exchange (gains) losses

 

             1,563

 

 

 

            (6,652

)

 

 

             5,985

 

 

 

             3,231

 

Operating income (loss) attributable to common shareholders

$

       168,244

 

 

$

         86,921

 

 

$

       502,515

 

 

$

       414,591

 

Net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per common share - diluted

$

             1.69

 

 

$

             0.32

 

 

$

             5.55

 

 

$

             3.67

Adjustment for:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net realized (gains) losses on investments - Fixed maturity and short-term investments(1)

 

              (0.03

)

 

 

                   —

 

 

 

              (0.07

)

 

 

               0.02

 

Net unrealized (gains) losses on investments - Fixed maturity and short-term investments(1)

 

              (0.02

)

 

 

               0.56

 

 

 

              (0.70

)

 

 

               0.08

 

Net foreign exchange (gains) losses

 

               0.01

 

 

 

              (0.06

)

 

 

               0.06

 

 

 

               0.03

 

Operating income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per common share - diluted

$

             1.65

 

 

$

             0.82

 

 

$

             4.84

 

 

$

             3.80

 

Return on average common shareholders' equity - annualized

25.1

%

 

5.8

%

 

22.4

%

 

18.3

%

Adjustment for:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net realized (gains) losses on investments - Fixed maturity and short-term investments(1)

 

(0.5

)%

 

 

0.1

%

 

 

(0.3

)%

 

 

0.1

%

Net unrealized (gains) losses on investments - Fixed maturity and short-term investments(1)

 

(0.3

)%

 

 

10.2

%

 

 

(2.8

)%

 

 

0.4

%

Net foreign exchange (gains) losses

 

0.2

%

 

 

(1.1

)%

 

 

0.2

%

 

 

0.1

%

Operating return on average common shareholders' equity - annualized

 

24.5

%

 

 

15.0

%

 

 

19.5

%

 

 

18.9

%

(1) Fixed income portfolio managed by our external investment managers only.

Underwriting Income (Loss)

We calculate underwriting income (loss) on a pre-tax basis as net premiums earned less losses and loss adjustment expenses, acquisition costs and other underwriting expenses (net of third party fee income). We believe that this measure of our performance focuses on the core fundamental performance of the Company’s reportable segments in any given period and is not distorted by investment market conditions, corporate expense allocations or income tax effects.

The following table reconciles underwriting income (loss) to net income (loss), the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure:

 

Three Months Ended

 

Years Ended

 

December 31,

 

December 31,

($ in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

 

2024

 

 

 

2025

 

 

 

2024

 

Underwriting income (loss)

$

75,536

 

 

$

22,444

 

 

$

148,823

 

 

$

149,364

 

Total net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments and net investment income (loss)

 

140,448

 

 

 

76,156

 

 

 

775,132

 

 

 

574,674

 

Net foreign exchange gains (losses)

 

(1,563

)

 

 

6,652

 

 

 

(5,985

)

 

 

(3,231

)

Corporate expenses

 

(15,999

)

 

 

(19,286

)

 

 

(57,167

)

 

 

(61,111

)

Amortization of intangible assets

 

(3,815

)

 

 

(3,747

)

 

 

(15,709

)

 

 

(15,520

)

Interest expense

 

(4,925

)

 

 

(5,526

)

 

 

(20,189

)

 

 

(22,616

)

Income tax (expense) benefit

 

24,872

 

 

 

(2,284

)

 

 

15,124

 

 

 

(8,402

)

Net income (loss), prior to non-controlling interest

$

214,554

 

 

$

74,409

 

 

$

840,029

 

 

$

613,158

 

Third Party Fee Income

Third party fee income includes income that is incremental and/or directly attributable to our underwriting operations. It is primarily comprised of fees earned by the International Segment for management services provided to third party syndicates and consortia and by the Bermuda Segment for performance based management fees generated by our third party capital manager, Ada Capital Management Limited. We believe that this measure is a relevant component of our underwriting income (loss).

The following table reconciles third party fee income to other income, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure:

 

Three Months Ended

 

Years Ended

 

December 31,

 

December 31,

($ in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

Third party fee income

$

12,756

 

$

5,818

 

$

26,601

 

$

23,752

Other income (loss)

$

12,756

 

$

5,818

 

$

26,601

 

$

23,752

Other Underwriting Expenses

Other underwriting expenses include those general and administrative expenses that are incremental and/or directly attributable to our underwriting operations. While this measure is presented in Note 9, Segment Reporting in the audited condensed consolidated financial statements, it is considered a non-GAAP financial measure when presented elsewhere.

Corporate expenses include holding company costs necessary to support our reportable segments. As these costs are not incremental and/or directly attributable to our underwriting operations, these costs are excluded from other underwriting expenses, and therefore, underwriting income (loss). General and administrative expenses, the most comparable GAAP financial measure to other underwriting expenses, also includes corporate expenses.

The following table reconciles other underwriting expenses to general and administrative expenses, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure:

 

Three Months Ended

 

Years Ended

 

December 31,

 

December 31,

($ in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

Other underwriting expenses

$

57,079

 

$

69,674

 

$

221,743

 

$

210,013

Corporate expenses

 

15,999

 

 

19,286

 

 

57,167

 

 

61,111

General and administrative expenses

$

73,078

 

$

88,960

 

$

278,910

 

$

271,124

Other Underwriting Expense Ratio

Other Underwriting Expense Ratio is a measure of the other underwriting expenses (net of third party fee income) incurred by the Company and is expressed as a percentage of net premiums earned.

Loss Ratio

Attritional Loss Ratio – current year is the attritional losses incurred by the company relating to the current year divided by net premiums earned.

Attritional Loss Ratio – prior year development is the attritional losses incurred by the company relating to prior years divided by net premiums earned.

Catastrophe Loss Ratio – current year is the catastrophe losses incurred by the company relating to the current year divided by net premiums earned.

Catastrophe Loss Ratio – prior year development is the catastrophe losses incurred by the company relating to prior years divided by net premiums earned.

Combined Ratio

Combined Ratio is a measure of our underwriting profitability and is expressed as the sum of the loss and loss adjustment expense ratio, acquisition cost ratio and other underwriting expense ratio. A combined ratio under 100% indicates an underwriting profit, while a combined ratio over 100% indicates an underwriting loss.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This information includes “forward looking statements” pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of terms such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “target,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “seeks,” “intends,” “plans,” “contemplates,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” or “anticipates,” or similar expressions which concern our strategy, plans, projections or intentions. These forward-looking statements appear in a number of places throughout and relate to matters such as our industry, growth strategy, goals and expectations concerning our market position, future operations, margins, profitability, capital expenditures, liquidity and capital resources, business plans (including syndicate capacity forecasts), and other financial and operating information. By their nature, forward-looking statements: speak only as of the date they are made; are not statements of historical fact or guarantees of future performance; and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions, or changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict or quantify. Our expectations, beliefs, and projections are expressed in good faith and we believe there is a reasonable basis for them. However, there can be no assurance that management’s expectations, beliefs and projections will be achieved and actual results may vary materially from what is expressed in or indicated by the forward-looking statements.

There are a number of risks, uncertainties, and other important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements contained herein. Such risks, uncertainties, and other important factors include, among others, the risks, uncertainties and factors set forth in “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 (the “Form 10-K”) and other periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the following:

  • challenges from competitors, including those arising from industry consolidation, alternative capital and technological advancements, including the increasing use of advanced analytics and artificial intelligence;
  • unpredictable events, including natural catastrophes and man‑made disasters, global climate change and emerging claim, litigation and coverage issues that may increase loss severity or expand coverage obligations;
  • our ability, or that of the third parties on which we rely, to ensure reserves are adequate to cover actual losses and to accurately assess underwriting risk, models, assumptions, data quality and the pricing of risks, particularly in long‑tail, low‑frequency or emerging lines of business;
  • our ability to defend and protect our intellectual property rights, including our proprietary technology platforms and data, to comply with obligations under license and technology agreements or to obtain or renew licenses to technology or data on reasonable terms;
  • the impact of risks associated with human error, misconduct or fraud, model uncertainty, cybersecurity threats such as cyber‑attacks and security breaches, misuse of artificial intelligence and our reliance on third‑party information technology systems that may fail, be disrupted or require replacement;
  • our ability to secure necessary credit facilities, letters of credit or other forms of financing or collateral on favorable terms or at all;
  • our limited financial and operational flexibility due to covenants and other restrictions in our existing or future credit facilities and debt arrangements;
  • our exposure to the credit risk of insurance and reinsurance intermediaries on which we rely for the collection of premiums and payment of claims;
  • our failure to pay claims in a timely manner, significant reserve strengthening, or the need to sell investments under unfavorable market or other conditions in order to meet liquidity requirements;
  • downgrades, potential downgrades or other negative actions by rating agencies, including changes in rating agency methodologies;
  • our ability to manage risks associated with adverse macroeconomic conditions, geopolitical instability and global events, including current or anticipated military conflicts, public health crises, terrorism, sanctions, inflation, rising interest rates, energy price volatility and other disruptions;
  • the cyclical nature of the insurance and reinsurance business, which may result in declines in pricing and more competitive terms and conditions;
  • our results of operations fluctuating significantly from period to period and not being indicative of our long‑term prospects;
  • our ability to execute our strategy and to adapt our business and strategic plans in response to changing market, regulatory and competitive conditions;
  • our dependence on key executives and other personnel, including the potential loss of Bermudian or other critical personnel, and our ability to attract and retain qualified employees in highly competitive labor markets;
  • foreign operational risks, including foreign currency risk, political instability, regulatory uncertainty and differing legal regimes in jurisdictions where we operate;
  • our ability to identify, execute and integrate growth opportunities, including acquisitions or other strategic transactions, and to realize the anticipated benefits of such initiatives;
  • risks arising from our management of alternative reinsurance platforms and vehicles for third‑party investors;
  • our inability to control the asset allocation, investment decisions or performance of the Two Sigma Hamilton Fund, LLC (the “TS Hamilton Fund”) and our limited ability to withdraw capital from the TS Hamilton Fund;
  • conflicts of interest, governance, operational or regulatory risks involving Two Sigma Investments, LP (“Two Sigma”), the TS Hamilton Fund or their respective affiliates that could adversely affect investment performance or our business;
  • the historical performance of Two Sigma or the TS Hamilton Fund not being indicative of future performance or our future results;
  • risks associated with our investment strategy, including the use of leverage, derivatives, illiquid assets and concentration risk, which may be greater than those faced by some of our competitors;
  • our potentially becoming subject to additional or increased taxation, including U.S. federal income tax, Bermuda tax or other taxes, as a result of changes in tax laws, interpretations or our operations;
  • the potential classification of us or our subsidiaries as a passive foreign investment company or becoming subject to U.S. withholding and information reporting requirements under the U.S. Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act;
  • our ability to compete effectively in a highly regulated industry in light of new or changing domestic or international laws and regulations, including accounting standards and evolving regulatory interpretations;
  • the suspension, limitation or revocation of licenses or approvals required by our insurance and reinsurance subsidiaries;
  • significant legal, regulatory or governmental proceedings or investigations;
  • restrictions on our insurance and reinsurance subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us;
  • challenges and costs associated with compliance with public company disclosure, governance and internal control requirements;
  • the limited ability of investors to influence corporate matters due to our multi‑class share structure and the voting provisions in our Bye‑laws;
  • the risk that anti‑takeover provisions in our Bye‑laws or Bermuda law could discourage, delay or prevent a change in control, even if beneficial to shareholders; and
  • difficulties investors may face in enforcing judgments or protecting their interests against us or our directors and officers.

There may be other factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. You should evaluate all forward-looking statements made herein in the context of these risks and uncertainties.

You should read this information completely and with the understanding that actual future results may be materially different from expectations. We caution you that the risks, uncertainties, and other factors referenced above may not contain all of the risks, uncertainties and other factors that are important to you. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will realize the results, benefits, or developments that we expect or anticipate or, even if substantially realized, that they will result in the consequences or affect us or our business in the way expected. All forward-looking statements contained herein apply only as of the date hereof and are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.

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