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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 5, 2017

Securities Act File No. 333-194774

 

 

 

U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM N-2

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 ☒

(Check appropriate box or boxes)

 

		Pre-Effective Amendment No.			☐
		Post-Effective Amendment No. 4			☒

 

 

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in charter)

 

 

500 Park Avenue

New York, NY 10022

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including Area Code: (212) 993-1670

Michael S. Gross

Chief Executive Officer

Solar Senior Capital Ltd.

500 Park Avenue

New York, NY 10022

(Name and address of agent for service)

 

 

COPIES TO:

Steven B. Boehm

Vlad M. Bulkin

Eversheds Sutherland (US) LLP

700 Sixth Street, NW, Suite 700

Washington, DC 20001

(202) 383-0100

 

 

Approximate date of proposed public offering:    From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

If any securities being registered on this form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan, check the following box.  ☒

It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):

 

☒

when declared effective pursuant to Section 8(c).

 

 

 

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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED                             , 2017

PROSPECTUS

 

$250,000,000

Solar Senior Capital Ltd.

Common Stock

Debt Securities

 

 

We are an externally managed, non-diversified closed-end management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Our investment objective is to seek to maximize current income consistent with the preservation of capital. We will seek to achieve our investment objective by investing primarily in senior secured loans, including first lien, unitranche and second lien debt instruments, made to private middle-market companies whose debt is rated below investment grade, which we refer to collectively as “senior loans.” We may also invest in debt of public companies that are thinly traded or in equity securities.

Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the value of our net assets (including the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) will be invested in senior loans. Securities rated below investment grade, including the senior loans we target, are often referred to as “leveraged loans,” “high yield” or “junk” securities, and may be considered “high risk” compared to debt instruments that are rated investment grade. In addition, some of our debt investments are not scheduled to fully amortize over their stated terms, which could cause us to suffer losses if the respective issuer of such debt investment is unable to refinance or repay their remaining indebtedness at maturity.

We are managed by Solar Capital Partners, LLC. Solar Capital Management, LLC provides the administrative services necessary for us to operate.

We may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings or series, up to $250,000,000 of our common stock or debt securities, which we refer to, collectively, as the “securities.” The securities may be offered at prices and on terms to be described in one or more supplements to this prospectus.

In the event we offer common stock, the offering price per share of our common stock less any underwriting commissions or discounts will generally not be less than the net asset value per share of our common stock at the time we make the offering. However, we may issue shares of our common stock pursuant to this prospectus at a price per share that is less than our net asset value per share (a) with the prior approval of the majority of our common stockholders or (b) under such other circumstances as the SEC may permit.

The securities may be offered directly to one or more purchasers, or through agents designated from time to time by us, or to or through underwriters or dealers. The prospectus supplement relating to an offering will identify any agents or underwriters involved in the sale of the securities, and will disclose any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount arrangement between us and our agents or underwriters or among our underwriters or the basis upon which such amount may be calculated. See “Plan of Distribution.” We may not sell any of the securities through agents, underwriters or dealers without delivery of this prospectus and a prospectus supplement describing the method and terms of the offering of such securities.

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “SUNS.” On October 3, 2017, the last reported sales price on the NASDAQ Global Select Market for our common stock was $17.61 per share.

This prospectus, and the accompanying prospectus supplement, contains important information about us that a prospective investor should know before investing in our common stock. Please read this prospectus, and the accompanying prospectus supplement, before investing, and keep it for future reference. We are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information about us with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This information is available free of charge by contacting us by mail at 500 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022, by telephone at (212) 993-1670 or on our website at http://www.solarseniorcap.com. The Securities and Exchange Commission also maintains a website at http://www.sec.gov that contains such information. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider that information to be part of this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement.

 

 

An investment in our common stock is very risky and highly speculative. Shares of closed-end investment companies, including business development companies, frequently trade at a discount to their net asset value. In addition, the companies in which we invest are subject to special risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 18 to read about factors you should consider, including the risk of leverage, before investing in our common stock.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

This prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of shares of common stock unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

 

 

                    , 2017

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You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement. We have not authorized any dealer, salesman or other person to give any information or to make any representation other than those contained in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement to this prospectus. You must not rely upon any information or representation not contained in this prospectus or any such supplements as if we had authorized it. This prospectus and any such supplements do not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy any security other than the registered securities to which they relate, nor do they constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such an offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. The information contained in this prospectus and any such supplements is accurate as of the dates on their covers. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since then.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

		Page
Summary			1
Fees and Expenses			13
Selected Financial and Other Data			16
Risk Factors			18
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements			47
Use of Proceeds			48
Price Range of Common Stock and Distributions			49
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			52
Senior Securities			72
Business			73
Portfolio Companies			88
Management			93
Portfolio Management			102
Investment Advisory and Management Agreement			103
Administration Agreement			109
License Agreement			109
Certain Relationships and Transactions			110
Control Persons and Principal Stockholders			112
Regulation as a Business Development Company			113
Determination of Net Asset Value			118
Dividend Reinvestment Plan			120
Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations			122
Sales of Common Stock Below Net Asset Value			129
Description of Our Capital Stock			135
Description of Our Debt Securities			142
Plan of Distribution			156
Custodian, Transfer and Distribution Paying Agent and Registrar			158
Brokerage Allocation and Other Practices			158
Legal Matters			158
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm			158
Available Information			159
Index to Financial Statements			F-1

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, using the “shelf” registration process. Under the shelf registration process, which constitutes a delayed offering in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, we may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings or series, up to $250,000,000 of our common stock or debt securities on the terms to be determined at the time of the offering. The securities may be offered at prices and on terms described in one or more supplements to this prospectus. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities that we may offer. Each time we use this prospectus to offer securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. A prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. Please carefully read this prospectus and any such supplements together with any exhibits and the additional information described under “Available Information” and in the “Summary” and “Risk Factors” sections before you make an investment decision.

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FEES AND EXPENSES

The following table is intended to assist you in understanding the costs and expenses that you will bear directly or indirectly. We caution you that some of the percentages indicated in the table below are estimates and may vary. Except where the context suggests otherwise, whenever this prospectus contains a reference to fees or expenses paid by “us” or “Solar Senior Capital,” or that “we” will pay fees or expenses, you will indirectly bear such fees or expenses as an investor in Solar Senior Capital Ltd.

 

Stockholder transaction expenses:
Sales load (as a percentage of offering price)		—%(1)
Offering expenses (as a percentage of offering price)		—%(2)
Dividend reinvestment plan expenses		—%(3)
Total stockholder transaction expenses (as a percentage of offering price)		—%(2)
Annual expenses (as a percentage of net assets attributable to common stock):(4)
Base management fee		1.42%(5)
Incentive fees payable under our Investment Advisory and Management Agreement (up to 20%)		0.15%(6)
Acquired fund fees and expenses		0.99%(7)
Interest payments on borrowed funds		1.29%(8)
Other expenses (estimated)		1.25%(9)
Total annual expenses		5.10%

Example

The following example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total cumulative expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect to a hypothetical investment in our common stock. In calculating the following expense amounts, we have assumed that our annual operating expenses would remain at the levels set forth in the table above and have excluded performance-based incentive fees. See Note 7 below for additional information regarding certain assumptions regarding our level of leverage. In the event that shares to which this prospectus relates are sold to or through underwriters, a corresponding prospectus supplement will restate this example to reflect the applicable sales load.

 

		1 Year				3 Years				5 Years				10 Years
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5% annual return		$	50			$	149			$	248			$	497

 

(1)	In the event that the shares of common stock to which this prospectus relates are sold to or through underwriters, a corresponding prospectus supplement will disclose the applicable sales load and the “Example” will be updated accordingly.

(2)	The prospectus supplement corresponding to each offering will disclose the applicable offering expenses and total stockholder transaction expenses.

(3)	The expenses of the dividend reinvestment plan are included in “other expenses.”

(4)	Annual Expenses are presented in this manner because common shareholders will bear all costs of running the Company.

(5)

Our 1% base management fee under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement is based on our gross assets, which is defined as all the assets of Solar Senior Capital, excluding temporary assets, including those acquired using borrowings for investment purposes, and assumes the base management fee remains consistent with fees incurred for the six months ended June 30, 2017. The management fee expenses provided in the table above do not reflect Solar Capital Partners’ waiver of fees during the six months ended June 30, 2017. See “Investment Advisory and Management Agreement.”

(6)	Assumes that annual incentive fees earned by our investment adviser, Solar Capital Partners, remain consistent with the incentive fees earned by Solar Capital Partners for the six months ended June 30, 2017.

 

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The incentive fee expenses provided in the table above do not reflect Solar Capital Partners’ waiver of fees during the six months ended June 30, 2017. The incentive fee consists of two parts:

The first part, which is payable quarterly in arrears, equals 20% of the excess, if any, of our “Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income” that exceeds a 1.75% quarterly (7.00% annualized) hurdle rate, which we refer to as the Hurdle, subject to a “catch-up” provision measured at the end of each calendar quarter. The first part of the incentive fee is computed and paid on income that may include interest that is accrued but not yet received in cash. The operation of the first part of the incentive fee for each quarter is as follows:

 

•

no incentive fee is payable to our investment adviser in any calendar quarter in which our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income does not exceed the Hurdle of 1.75%;

 

•

50% of our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income with respect to that portion of such Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income, if any, that exceeds the Hurdle but is less than 2.9167% in any calendar quarter (11.67% annualized) is payable to our investment adviser. We refer to this portion of our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income (which exceeds the Hurdle but is less than 2.9167%) as the “catch-up.” The “catch-up” is meant to provide our investment adviser with 20% of our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income, as if a Hurdle did not apply when our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income exceeds 2.9167% in any calendar quarter; and

 

•

20% of the amount of our Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income, if any, that exceeds 2.9167% in any calendar quarter (11.67% annualized) is payable to our investment adviser (once the Hurdle is reached and the catch-up is achieved, 20% of all Pre-Incentive Fee Investment Income thereafter is allocated to our investment adviser).

The second part of the incentive fee equals 20% of our “Incentive Fee Capital Gains,” if any, which equals our realized capital gains on a cumulative basis from inception through the end of each calendar year, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid capital gain incentive fees. The second part of the incentive fee is payable, in arrears, at the end of each calendar year (or upon termination of the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, as of the termination date). For a more detailed discussion of the calculation of this fee, see “Investment Advisory and Management Agreement.”

(7)

The holders of shares of common stock indirectly bear the expenses of our investment in FLLP. No management fee is charged on our investment in FLLP in connection with the administrative services provided to FLLP. Future expenses for FLLP may be substantially higher or lower because certain expenses may fluctuate over time.

(8)

We currently borrow funds under the Credit Facility and may borrow additional funds from time to time to make investments to the extent we determine that the economic situation is conducive to doing so. The costs associated with our outstanding borrowings are indirectly born by our investors. For purposes of this section, we have computed interest expense using the average balance outstanding for all borrowings during the six months ended June 30, 2017. We used the LIBOR rate on June 30, 2017 and the interest rate on the Credit Facility on June 30, 2017. We have also included the estimated amortization of fees incurred in establishing the Credit Facility as of June 30, 2017. Additionally, we included the estimated cost of commitment fees for unused balances on the Credit Facility. As of June 30, 2017, we had $109.3 million outstanding and $90.7 million remaining available to us under the Credit Facility. We may also issue preferred stock, subject to our compliance with applicable requirements under the 1940 Act, although we have no immediate intention to do so.

(9)

“Other expenses” are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year, which considers the amounts incurred for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and include our overhead expenses, including payments under our Administration Agreement based on our allocable portion of overhead and other expenses incurred by Solar Capital Management in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement. See “Administration Agreement.”

The example and the expenses in the tables above should not be considered a representation of our future expenses, and actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown. While the example assumes,

 

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as required by the SEC, a 5% annual return, our performance will vary and may result in a return greater or less than 5%. The incentive fee under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, which, assuming a 5% annual return, would either not be payable or would have an insignificant impact on the expense amounts shown above, is not included in the example. This illustration assumes that we will not realize any capital gains (computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation) in any of the indicated time periods. If we achieve sufficient returns on our investments, including through the realization of capital gains, to trigger an incentive fee of a material amount, our expenses and returns to our investors would be higher. For example, if we assumed that we received our 5% annual return completely in the form of net realized capital gains on our investments, computed net of all cumulative unrealized depreciation on our investments, the projected dollar amount of total cumulative expenses set forth in the above illustration would be as follows:

 

		1 Year				3 Years				5 Years				10 Years
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5% annual return		$	60			$	177			$	292			$	571

In addition, the example assumes no sales load. Also, while the example assumes reinvestment of all distributions at net asset value, participants in our dividend reinvestment plan will receive a number of shares of our common stock, determined by dividing the total dollar amount of the distribution payable to a participant by the market price per share of our common stock at the close of trading on the distribution payment date, which may be at, above or below net asset value. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan” for additional information regarding our dividend reinvestment plan.

 

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SELECTED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA

The selected financial and other data below should be read in conjunction with our “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. Financial information is presented for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013 and 2012. The selected financial data for the six months ended June 30, 2017 is derived from the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes of Solar Senior Capital. In the opinion of management, the selected financial data for the six months ended June 30, 2017 reflects all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that are necessary to present fairly the results for such interim period. The selected financial data for the six months ended June 30, 2017 may not be indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2017 or for any other period. Financial information has been derived from our consolidated financial statements that were audited by KPMG LLP (“KPMG”), an independent registered public accounting firm. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Senior Securities” below for more information.

 

($ in thousands, except per share data)		Six Months Ended June 30, 2017 (unaudited)				Year ended December 31, 2016				Year ended December 31, 2015				Year ended December 31, 2014				Year ended December 31, 2013				Year ended December 31, 2012
Income statement data:
Total investment income		$	15,154			$	27,196			$	25,446			$	22,104			$	19,765			$	20,539
Net expenses		$	3,854			$	8,880			$	10,073			$	8,290			$	6,378			$	8,046
Net investment income		$	11,300			$	18,316			$	15,373			$	13,814			$	13,387			$	12,493
Net realized gain (loss)		$	141			$	81			$	18			$	(638	)		$	(4,978	)		$	618
Net change in unrealized gain (loss).		$	(301	)		$	5,855			$	(14,344	)		$	(1,486	)		$	4,209			$	801
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations		$	11,140			$	24,252			$	1,047			$	11,690			$	12,618			$	13,912
Per share data:
Net investment income(1)		$	0.71			$	1.42			$	1.33			$	1.20			$	1.17			$	1.32
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)(1)		$	(0.01	)		$	0.50			$	(1.24	)		$	(0.18	)		$	(0.07	)		$	0.15
Dividends and distributions declared		$	0.71			$	1.41			$	1.41			$	1.41			$	1.41			$	1.29
		As of June 30, 2017 (unaudited)				As of December 31, 2016				As of December 31, 2015				As of December 31, 2014				As of December 31, 2013				As of December 31, 2012
Balance sheet data:
Total investment portfolio		$	375,285			$	365,534			$	306,518			$	340,466			$	267,852			$	212,602
Cash and cash equivalents		$	103,396			$	151,828			$	53,067			$	42,471			$	2,774			$	2,647
Total assets		$	481,775			$	521,989			$	362,577			$	384,797			$	272,561			$	217,029
Debt		$	109,300			$	98,300			$	116,200			$	143,200			$	61,400			$	39,100
Net assets		$	269,091			$	269,145			$	188,304			$	203,519			$	208,017			$	174,103
Per share data:
Net asset value per share		$	16.79			$	16.80			$	16.33			$	17.65			$	18.04			$	18.33
Other data (unaudited):
Total return(2)			6.04	%			20.7	%			8.9	%			(10.5	%)			5.4	%			27.7	%
Number of portfolio companies at period end			48				51				45				43				36				31

 

(1)	The per-share calculations are based on weighted average shares of 16,029,874, 12,869,937, 11,533,315, 11,532,985, 11,423,958 and 9,500,100 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

(2)	Total return is based on the change in market price per share during the year and takes into account dividends, if any, reinvested in accordance with the dividend reinvestment plan. Total return does not include a sales load.

 

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Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)

The following tables set forth certain quarterly financial information for the quarters ended June 30, 2017, March 31, 2017 and each of the quarters for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. This information was derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements. Results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results for the past fiscal year or for any future quarter.

 

		2017
		Q2				Q1
Total investment income		$	7,658			$	7,496
Net investment income		$	5,651			$	5,649
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on assets		$	(422	)		$	262
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations		$	5,229			$	5,911
Earnings per share(1)		$	0.33			$	0.37
Net asset value per share at the end of the quarter(2)		$	16.79			$	16.81

 

		2016
		Q4				Q3				Q2				Q1
Total investment income		$	7,164			$	7,001			$	6,681			$	6,349
Net investment income		$	5,649			$	4,536			$	4,066			$	4,065
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on assets		$	346			$	633			$	608			$	4,349
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations		$	5,995			$	5,169			$	4,674			$	8,414
Earnings (loss) per share(3)		$	0.37			$	0.42			$	0.41			$	0.73
Net asset value per share at the end of the quarter(4)		$	16.80			$	16.78			$	16.76			$	16.70

 

		2015
		Q4				Q3				Q2				Q1
Total investment income		$	6,128			$	6,520			$	6,655			$	6,143
Net investment income		$	4,066			$	4,085			$	3,346			$	3,876
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on assets		$	(8,507	)		$	(5,580	)		$	(450	)		$	210
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations		$	(4,441	)		$	(1,495	)		$	2,896			$	4,086
Earnings (loss) per share(5)		$	(0.39	)		$	(0.13	)		$	0.25			$	0.35
Net asset value per share at the end of the quarter(6)		$	16.33			$	17.06			$	17.55			$	17.65

 

(1)	Based on 16,026,312 and 16,029,874 weighted average shares of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. outstanding during the first and second quarter of 2017, respectively.

(2)	Based on 16,027,687 and 16,031,117 shares of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. outstanding as of the end of the first and second quarter of 2017, respectively.

(3)	Based on 11,533,315, 11,533,315, 12,359,049 and 16,025,011 weighted average shares of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. outstanding during first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2016, respectively.

(4)	Based on 11,533,315, 11,533,315, 16,025,011 and 16,025,011 shares of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. outstanding as of the end of the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2016, respectively.

(5)	Based on 11,533,315, 11,533,315, 11,533,315 and 11,533,315 weighted average shares of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. outstanding during first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2015, respectively.

(6)	Based on 11,533,315, 11,533,315, 11,533,315 and 11,533,315 shares of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. outstanding as of the end of the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2015, respectively.

 

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RISK FACTORS

Before you invest in our securities, you should be aware of various risks, including those described below. You should carefully consider these risk factors, together with all of the other information included in this prospectus, before you decide whether to make an investment in our securities. The risks set out below are not the only risks we face. If any of the following events occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In such case, our net asset value and the trading price of our common stock could decline or the value of our debt securities may decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Investments

We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities.

A number of entities compete with us to make the types of investments that we target in leveraged companies. We compete with other BDCs, public and private funds, commercial and investment banks, commercial financing companies and, to the extent they provide an alternative form of financing, private equity funds. Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. For example, some competitors may have a lower cost of funds and access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments than we have, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships and offer better pricing and more flexible structure than we are able to do. Furthermore, many of our potential competitors are not subject to the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on us as a BDC. If we are unable to source attractive investments, we may hold a greater percentage of our assets in cash and cash equivalents than anticipated, which could impact potential returns on our portfolio. We cannot assure you that the competitive pressures we face will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Also, as a result of this competition, we may not be able to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities from time to time, and we can offer no assurance that we will be able to identify and make investments that are consistent with our investment objective.

Participants in our industry compete on several factors, including price, flexibility in transaction structure, customer service, reputation, market knowledge and speed in-decision-making. We do not seek to compete primarily based on the interest rates we offer, and we believe that some of our competitors may make loans with interest rates that may be comparable to or lower than the rates we may offer. We may lose investment opportunities if we do not match our competitors’ pricing, terms and structure. However, if we match our competitors’ pricing, terms and structure, we may experience decreased net interest income and increased risk of credit loss.

Our investments are very risky and highly speculative.

We invest primarily in senior secured loans, including first lien, unitranche and second lien debt instruments, made to middle-market companies whose debt is rated below investment grade. We may also invest in debt of public companies that are thinly traded or equity securities. Securities rated below investment grade are often referred to as “leveraged loans,” “high yield” or “junk” securities, and may be considered “high risk” compared to debt instruments that are rated investment grade.

Senior Secured Loans. When we make a senior secured term loan investment, including a first lien, unitranche or second lien debt investment, in a portfolio company, we generally take a security interest in the available assets of the portfolio company, including the equity interests of its subsidiaries, which we expect to help mitigate the risk that we will not be repaid. However, there is a risk that the collateral securing our loans may decrease in value over time, may be difficult to sell in a timely manner, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value based upon the success of the business and market conditions, including as a result of the

 

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inability of the portfolio company to raise additional capital, and, in some circumstances, our lien could be subordinated to claims of other creditors. In addition, deterioration in a portfolio company’s financial condition and prospects, including its inability to raise additional capital, may be accompanied by deterioration in the value of the collateral for the loan. Consequently, the fact that a loan is secured does not guarantee that we will receive principal and interest payments according to the loan’s terms, or at all, or that we will be able to collect on the loan should we be forced to enforce our remedies.

Equity Investments. When we invest in senior secured loans we may acquire common equity securities as well. In addition, we may invest directly in the equity securities of portfolio companies. Our goal is ultimately to exit such equity interests and realize gains upon our disposition of such interests. However, the equity interests we receive may not appreciate in value and, in fact, may decline in value. Accordingly, we may not be able to realize gains from our equity interests, and any gains that we do realize on the disposition of any equity interests may not be sufficient to offset any other losses we experience.

In addition, investing in middle-market companies involves a number of significant risks, including:

 

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these companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations under their debt securities that we hold, which may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of us realizing any guarantees we may have obtained in connection with our investment;

 

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they typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;

 

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they are more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on our portfolio company and, in turn, on us;

 

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they generally have less predictable operating results, may from time to time be parties to litigation, may be engaged in rapidly changing businesses with products subject to a substantial risk of obsolescence, and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance expansion or maintain their competitive position. In addition, our executive officers, directors and our investment adviser may, in the ordinary course of business, be named as defendants in litigation arising from our investments in the portfolio companies; and

 

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they may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs, which may limit their ability to grow or to repay their outstanding indebtedness upon maturity.

The lack of liquidity in our investments may make it difficult for us to dispose of our investments at a favorable price, which may adversely affect our ability to meet our investment objectives.

We generally make investments in private companies. We invest and expect to continue investing in companies whose securities have no established trading market and whose securities are and will be subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or whose securities are and will be less liquid than are publicly-traded securities. Investments purchased by us that are liquid at the time of purchase may subsequently become illiquid due to events relating to the issuer of the investments, market events, economic conditions or investor perceptions. The illiquidity of our investments may make it difficult for us to sell such investments if the need arises. In addition, if we are required to liquidate all or a portion of our portfolio quickly, we may realize significantly less than the value at which we have previously recorded our investments. As a result, we do not expect to achieve liquidity in our investments in the near-term. However, to maintain our qualification as a BDC and as a RIC, we may have to dispose of investments if we do not satisfy one or more of the applicable criteria under the respective regulatory frameworks. Domestic and foreign markets are complex and interrelated, so that events in one sector of the world markets or economy, or in one geographical region, can reverberate and have materially negative consequences for

 

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other markets, economic or regional sectors in a manner that may not be foreseen and which may negatively impact the liquidity of our investments and materially harm our business. In addition, we may face other restrictions on our ability to liquidate an investment in a portfolio company to the extent that we have material non-public information regarding such portfolio company.

Our portfolio may be concentrated in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries, which will subject us to a risk of significant loss if any of these companies performs poorly or defaults on its obligations under any of its debt instruments or if there is a downturn in a particular industry.

Our portfolio may be concentrated in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries. Beyond the asset diversification requirements associated with our qualification as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, we do not have fixed guidelines for diversification, and while we are not targeting any specific industries, our investments may be concentrated in relatively few industries or portfolio companies. As a result, the aggregate returns we realize may be significantly adversely affected if a small number of investments perform poorly or if we need to write down the value of any one investment. Additionally, a downturn in any particular industry in which we are invested could also significantly impact the aggregate returns we realize.

Our investments in securities rated below investment grade are speculative in nature and are subject to additional risk factors such as increased possibility of default, illiquidity of the security, and changes in value based on changes in interest rates.

The securities that we invest in are typically rated below investment grade. Securities rated below investment grade are often referred to as “leveraged loans,” “high yield” or “junk” securities, and may be considered “high risk” compared to debt instruments that are rated investment grade. High yield securities are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligations and involve major risk exposure to adverse conditions. In addition, high yield securities generally offer a higher current yield than that available from higher grade issues, but typically involve greater risk. These securities are especially sensitive to adverse changes in general economic conditions, to changes in the financial condition of their issuers and to price fluctuation in response to changes in interest rates. During periods of economic downturn or rising interest rates, issuers of below investment grade instruments may experience financial stress that could adversely affect their ability to make payments of principal and interest and increase the possibility of default. The secondary market for high yield securities may not be as liquid as the secondary market for more highly rated securities. In addition, many of our debt investments are not scheduled to fully amortize over their stated terms, which could cause us to suffer losses if the respective issuer of such debt investment is unable to refinance or repay their remaining indebtedness at maturity.

Price declines and illiquidity in the corporate debt markets have adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, the fair value of our portfolio investments, reducing our net asset value through increased net unrealized depreciation. Any unrealized depreciation that we experience on our loan portfolio may be an indication of future realized losses, which could reduce our income available for distribution and could adversely affect our ability to service our outstanding borrowings.

As a BDC, we are required to carry our investments at market value or, if no market value is ascertainable, at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of our board of directors. Decreases in the market values or fair values of our investments are recorded as unrealized depreciation. Any unrealized depreciation in our loan portfolio could be an indication of a portfolio company’s inability to meet its repayment obligations to us with respect to the affected loans. This could result in realized losses in the future and ultimately in reductions of our income available for distribution in future periods and could materially adversely affect our ability to service our outstanding borrowings. Depending on market conditions, we could incur substantial losses in future periods, which could further reduce our net asset value and have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Global economic, political and market conditions may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition, including our revenue growth and profitability.

The current worldwide financial market situation, as well as various social and political tensions in the United States and around the world, may contribute to increased market volatility, may have long-term effects on the U.S. and worldwide financial markets, and may cause economic uncertainties or deterioration in the United States and worldwide. The U.S. and global capital markets experienced extreme volatility and disruption during the economic downturn that began in mid-2007, and the U.S. economy was in a recession for several consecutive calendar quarters during the same period. In 2010, a financial crisis emerged in Europe, triggered by high budget deficits and rising direct and contingent sovereign debt, which created concerns about the ability of certain nations to continue to service their sovereign debt obligations. Risks resulting from such debt crisis, including any austerity measures taken in exchange for bailout of certain nations, and any future debt crisis in Europe or any similar crisis elsewhere could have a detrimental impact on the global economic recovery, sovereign and non-sovereign debt in certain countries and the financial condition of financial institutions generally. In June 2016, the United Kingdom held a referendum in which voters approved an exit from the European Union (“Brexit”), and, subsequently, on March 29, 2017, the U.K. government began the formal process of leaving the European Union. Brexit created political and economic uncertainty and instability in the global markets (including currency and credit markets), and especially in the United Kingdom and the European Union, and this uncertainty and instability may last indefinitely. Because of the election results in the U.K. in June 2017, there is increased uncertainty on the timing of Brexit. There is continued concern about national-level support for the Euro and the accompanying coordination of fiscal and wage policy among European Economic and Monetary Union member countries. In addition, the fiscal and monetary policies of foreign nations, such as Russia and China, may have a severe impact on the worldwide and U.S. financial markets.

As a result of the 2016 U.S. election, the Republican Party currently controls both the executive and legislative branches of government, which increases the likelihood that legislation may be adopted that could significantly affect the regulation of U.S. financial markets. Areas subject to potential change, amendment or repeal include the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the authority of the Federal Reserve and the Financial Stability Oversight Council. The United States may also potentially withdraw from or renegotiate various trade agreements and take other actions that would change current trade policies of the United States. We cannot predict which, if any, of these actions will be taken or, if taken, their effect on the financial stability of the United States. Such actions could have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot predict the effects of these or similar events in the future on the U.S. economy and securities markets or on our investments. We monitor developments and seek to manage our investments in a manner consistent with achieving our investment objective, but there can be no assurance that we will be successful in doing so.

Volatility or a prolonged disruption in the credit markets could materially damage our business.

We are required to record our assets at fair value, as determined in good faith by our board of directors, in accordance with our valuation policy. As a result, volatility in the capital markets may have a material adverse effect on our valuations and our net asset value, even if we hold investments to maturity. Volatility or dislocation in the capital markets may depress our stock price below our net asset value per share and create a challenging environment in which to raise equity and debt capital. These conditions could continue for a prolonged period of time or worsen in the future. While these conditions persist, we and other companies in the financial services sector may have to access, if available, alternative markets for debt and equity capital. Equity capital may be difficult to raise because, subject to some limited exceptions which apply to us, as a BDC we are generally not able to issue additional shares of our common stock at a price less than net asset value without first obtaining approval for such issuance from our stockholders and our independent directors. At our 2017 Annual Stockholders Meeting, our stockholders approved our ability to sell or otherwise issue shares of our common stock, not exceeding 25% of our then outstanding common stock immediately prior to each such offering, at a price or prices below the then current net asset value per share, in each case subject to the approval of our board

 

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of directors and compliance with the conditions set forth in the proxy statement pertaining thereto, during a period beginning on May 17, 2017 and expiring on the earlier of the one-year anniversary of the date of the 2017 Annual Stockholders Meeting and the date of our 2018 Annual Stockholders Meeting, which is expected to be held in May 2018. However, notwithstanding such stockholder approval, since our initial public offering on February 24, 2011, we have not sold any shares of our common stock in an offering that resulted in proceeds to us of less than our then current net asset value per share. Any offering of our common stock that requires stockholder approval must occur, if at all, within one year after receiving such stockholder approval. In addition, our ability to incur indebtedness (including by issuing preferred stock) is limited by applicable regulations such that our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, must equal at least 200% immediately after each time we incur indebtedness. The debt capital that will be available, if at all, may be at a higher cost and on less favorable terms and conditions in the future. Any inability to raise capital could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Additionally, our ability to incur indebtedness is limited by the asset coverage ratio for a BDC, as defined under the 1940 Act. Declining portfolio values negatively impact our ability to borrow additional funds because our net asset value is reduced for purposes of the asset coverage ratio. If the fair value of our assets declines substantially, we may fail to maintain the asset coverage ratio stipulated by the 1940 Act, which could, in turn, cause us to lose our status as a BDC and materially impair our business operations. A lengthy disruption in the credit markets could also materially decrease demand for our investments.

The significant disruption in the capital markets experienced in the past has had, and may in the future have, a negative effect on the valuations of our investments and on the potential for liquidity events involving our investments. The debt capital that may be available to us in the future may be at a higher cost and have less favorable terms and conditions than those currently in effect. If our financing costs increase and we have no increase in interest income, then our net investment income will decrease. A prolonged inability to raise capital may require us to reduce the volume of investments we originate and could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. This may also increase the probability that other structural risks negatively impact us. These situations may arise due to circumstances that we may be unable to control, such as a lengthy disruption in the credit markets, a severe decline in the value of the U.S. dollar, a sharp economic downturn or recession or an operational problem that affects third parties or us, and could materially damage our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we cannot obtain additional capital because of either regulatory or market price constraints, we could be forced to curtail or cease our new lending and investment activities, our net asset value could decrease and our level of distributions and liquidity could be affected adversely.

Our ability to secure additional financing and satisfy our financial obligations under indebtedness outstanding from time to time will depend upon our future operating performance, which is subject to the prevailing general economic and credit market conditions, including interest rate levels and the availability of credit generally, and financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. The worsening of current economic and capital market conditions could have a material adverse effect on our ability to secure financing on favorable terms, if at all.

If we are unable to obtain debt capital, then our equity investors will not benefit from the potential for increased returns on equity resulting from leverage to the extent that our investment strategy is successful and we may be limited in our ability to make new commitments or fundings to our portfolio companies.

Uncertainty relating to the LIBOR calculation process may adversely affect the value of our portfolio of the LIBOR-indexed, floating-rate debt securities.

In the recent past, concerns have been publicized that some of the member banks surveyed by the British Bankers’ Association (“BBA”) in connection with the calculation of LIBOR across a range of maturities and

 

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currencies may have been under-reporting or otherwise manipulating the inter-bank lending rate applicable to them in order to profit on their derivatives positions or to avoid an appearance of capital insufficiency or adverse reputational or other consequences that may have resulted from reporting inter-bank lending rates higher than those they actually submitted. A number of BBA member banks have entered into settlements with their regulators and law enforcement agencies with respect to alleged manipulation of LIBOR, and investigations by regulators and governmental authorities in various jurisdictions are ongoing.

Actions by the BBA, regulators or law enforcement agencies may result in changes to the manner in which LIBOR is determined. Uncertainty as to the nature of such potential changes may adversely affect the market for LIBOR-based securities, including our portfolio of LIBOR-indexed, floating-rate debt securities. In addition, any further changes or reforms to the determination or supervision of LIBOR may result in a sudden or prolonged increase or decrease in reported LIBOR, which could have an adverse impact on the market for LIBOR-based securities or the value of our portfolio of LIBOR-indexed, floating-rate debt securities.

Economic recessions or downturns could impair the ability of our portfolio companies to repay loans and harm our operating results.

Many of our portfolio companies may be susceptible to economic slowdowns or recessions and may be unable to repay our loans during these periods. Therefore, our non-performing assets may increase and the value of our portfolio may decrease during these periods as we are required to record the values of our investments. Adverse economic conditions also may decrease the value of collateral securing some of our loans and the value of our equity investments at fair value. Economic slowdowns or recessions could lead to financial losses in our portfolio and a decrease in revenues, net income and assets. Unfavorable economic conditions also could increase our funding costs, limit our access to the capital markets or result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to us. These events could prevent us from increasing investments and result in our receipt of a reduced level of interest income from our portfolio companies and/or losses or charge offs related to our investments, and, in turn, may adversely affect distributable income and have material adverse effect on our results of operations.

A portfolio company’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants imposed by us or other lenders could lead to defaults and, potentially, acceleration of the time when the loans are due and foreclosure on its secured assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize the portfolio company’s ability to meet its obligations under the debt that we hold. We may incur additional expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting portfolio company. In addition, if one of our portfolio companies were to go bankrupt, depending on the facts and circumstances, including the extent to which we actually provided significant managerial assistance to that portfolio company, a bankruptcy court might re-characterize our debt holdings and subordinate all or a portion of our claim to that of other creditors.

These portfolio companies may face intense competition, including competition from companies with greater financial resources, more extensive research and development, manufacturing, marketing and service capabilities and greater number of qualified and experienced managerial and technical personnel. They may need additional financing which they are unable to secure and which we are unable or unwilling to provide, or they may be subject to adverse developments unrelated to the technologies they acquire.

We may suffer a loss if a portfolio company defaults on a loan and the underlying collateral is not sufficient.

In the event of a default by a portfolio company on a secured loan, we will only have recourse to the assets collateralizing the loan. If the underlying collateral value is less than the loan amount, we will suffer a loss. In addition, we sometimes make loans that are unsecured, which are subject to the risk that other lenders may be directly secured by the assets of the portfolio company. In the event of a default, those collateralized lenders would have priority over us with respect to the proceeds of a sale of the underlying assets. In cases described

 

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above, we may lack control over the underlying asset collateralizing our loan or the underlying assets of the portfolio company prior to a default, and as a result the value of the collateral may be reduced by acts or omissions by owners or managers of the assets.

In the event of bankruptcy of a portfolio company, we may not have full recourse to its assets in order to satisfy our loan, or our loan may be subject to equitable subordination. In addition, certain of our loans are subordinate to other debt of the portfolio company. If a portfolio company defaults on our loan or on debt senior to our loan, or in the event of a portfolio company bankruptcy, our loan will be satisfied only after the senior debt receives payment. Where debt senior to our loan exists, the presence of inter-creditor arrangements may limit our ability to amend our loan documents, assign our loans, accept prepayments, exercise our remedies (through “standstill” periods) and control decisions made in bankruptcy proceedings relating to the portfolio company. Bankruptcy and portfolio company litigation can significantly increase collection losses and the time needed for us to acquire the underlying collateral in the event of a default, during which time the collateral may decline in value, causing us to suffer further losses.

If the value of collateral underlying our loan declines or interest rates increase during the term of our loan, a portfolio company may not be able to obtain the necessary funds to repay our loan at maturity through refinancing. Decreasing collateral value and/or increasing interest rates may hinder a portfolio company’s ability to refinance our loan because the underlying collateral cannot satisfy the debt service coverage requirements necessary to obtain new financing. If a borrower is unable to repay our loan at maturity, we could suffer a loss which may adversely impact our financial performance.

The business, financial condition and results of operations of our portfolio companies could be adversely affected by worldwide economic conditions, as well as political and economic conditions in the countries in which they conduct business.

The business and operating results of our portfolio companies may be impacted by worldwide economic conditions. Although the U.S. economy has in recent years shown signs of recovery from the 2008–2009 global recession, the strength and duration of any economic recovery will be impacted by worldwide economic growth. For instance, concerns of economic slowdown in China and other emerging markets and signs of deteriorating sovereign debt conditions in Europe could lead to disruption and instability in the global financial markets. The significant debt in the United States and European countries is expected to hinder growth in those countries for the foreseeable future. In the future, the U.S. government may not be able to meet its debt payments unless the federal debt ceiling is raised. If legislation increasing the debt ceiling is not enacted, as needed, and the debt ceiling is reached, the U.S. federal government may stop or delay making payments on its obligations, which could negatively impact the U.S. economy and our portfolio companies. Multiple factors relating to the international operations of some of our portfolio companies and to particular countries in which they operate could negatively impact their business, financial condition and results of operations.

Some of the products of our portfolio companies are developed, manufactured, assembled, tested or marketed outside the United States. Any conflict or uncertainty in these countries, including due to natural disasters, public health concerns, political unrest or safety concerns, could harm their business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, if the government of any country in which their products are developed, manufactured or sold sets technical or regulatory standards for products developed or manufactured in or imported into their country that are not widely shared, it may lead some of their customers to suspend imports of their products into that country, require manufacturers or developers in that country to manufacture or develop products with different technical or regulatory standards and disrupt cross-border manufacturing, marketing or business relationships which, in each case, could harm their businesses.

 

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Our failure to make follow-on investments in our portfolio companies could impair the value of our portfolio.

Following an initial investment in a portfolio company, we may make additional investments in that portfolio company as “follow-on” investments, in order to: (i) increase or maintain in whole or in part our ownership percentage; (ii) exercise warrants, options or convertible securities that were acquired in the original or subsequent financing; or (iii) attempt to preserve or enhance the value of our investment. We may elect not to make follow-on investments or otherwise lack sufficient funds to make those investments. We will have the discretion to make any follow-on investments, subject to the availability of capital resources. The failure to make follow-on investments may, in some circumstances, jeopardize the continued viability of a portfolio company and our initial investment, or may result in a missed opportunity for us to increase our participation in a successful operation. Even if we have sufficient capital to make a desired follow-on investment, we may elect not to make a follow-on investment because we may not want to increase our concentration of risk, either because we prefer other opportunities or because we are subject to BDC requirements that would prevent such follow-on investments, or the desire to maintain our RIC tax status.

Where we do not hold controlling equity interests in our portfolio companies, we may not be in a position to exercise control over our portfolio companies or to prevent decisions by management of our portfolio companies that could decrease the value of our investments.

Although we hold controlling equity positions in some of our portfolio companies, we do not currently hold controlling equity positions in the majority of our portfolio companies. As a result, we are subject to the risk that a portfolio company in which we do not have a controlling interest may make business decisions with which we disagree, and that the management and/or stockholders of such portfolio company may take risks or otherwise act in ways that are adverse to our interests. Due to the lack of liquidity of the investments that we typically hold in our portfolio companies, we may not be able to dispose of our investments in the event we disagree with the actions of a portfolio company and may therefore suffer a decrease in the value of our investments.

Prepayments of our debt investments by our portfolio companies could adversely impact our results of operations and reduce our return on equity.

We are subject to the risk that the investments we make in our portfolio companies may be prepaid prior to maturity. When this occurs, we may reduce our borrowings outstanding or reinvest these proceeds in temporary investments, pending their future investment in new portfolio companies. These temporary investments, if any, will typically have substantially lower yields than the debt investment being prepaid and we could experience significant delays in reinvesting these amounts. Any future investment in a new portfolio company may also be at lower yields than the debt investment that was prepaid. As a result, our results of operations could be materially adversely affected if one or more of our portfolio companies elect to prepay amounts owed to us. Additionally, prepayments could negatively impact our return on equity, which could result in a decline in the market price of our common stock.

We may choose to waive or defer enforcement of covenants in the debt securities held in our portfolio, which may cause us to lose all or part of our investment in these companies.

We structure the debt investments in our portfolio companies to include business and financial covenants placing affirmative and negative obligations on the operation of the company’s business and its financial condition. However, from time to time we may elect to waive breaches of these covenants, including our right to payment, or waive or defer enforcement of remedies, such as acceleration of obligations or foreclosure on collateral, depending upon the financial condition and prospects of the particular portfolio company. These actions may reduce the likelihood of our receiving the full amount of future payments of interest or principal and be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of the underlying collateral as many of these companies may have

 

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limited financial resources, may be unable to meet future obligations and may go bankrupt. This could negatively impact our ability to pay distributions, could adversely affect our results of operation and financial condition and cause the loss of all or part of your investment.

Our loans could be subject to equitable subordination by a court which would increase our risk of loss with respect to such loans.

Courts may apply the doctrine of equitable subordination to subordinate the claim or lien of a lender against a borrower to claims or liens of other creditors of the borrower, when the lender or its affiliates is found to have engaged in unfair, inequitable or fraudulent conduct. The courts have also applied the doctrine of equitable subordination when a lender or its affiliates is found to have exerted inappropriate control over a client, including control resulting from the ownership of equity interests in a client. We have made direct equity investments or received warrants in connection with loans. Payments on one or more of our loans, particularly a loan to a client in which we may also hold an equity interest, may be subject to claims of equitable subordination. If we were deemed to have the ability to control or otherwise exercise influence over the business and affairs of one or more of our portfolio companies resulting in economic hardship to other creditors of that company, this control or influence may constitute grounds for equitable subordination and a court may treat one or more of our loans as if it were unsecured or common equity in the portfolio company. In that case, if the portfolio company were to liquidate, we would be entitled to repayment of our loan on a pro-rata basis with other unsecured debt or, if the effect of subordination was to place us at the level of common equity, then on an equal basis with other holders of the portfolio company’s common equity only after all of its obligations relating to its debt and preferred securities had been satisfied.

An investment strategy focused primarily on privately held companies presents certain challenges, including the lack of available information about these companies, a dependence on the talents and efforts of only a few key portfolio company personnel and a greater vulnerability to economic downturns.

We invest primarily in privately held companies. Generally, little public information exists about these companies, and we are required to rely on the ability of Solar Capital Partners’ investment professionals to obtain adequate information to evaluate the potential returns from investing in these companies. If we are unable to uncover all material information about these companies, we may not make a fully informed investment decision, and we may lose money on our investments. Also, smaller privately held companies frequently have less diverse product lines and smaller market presence than larger competitors. These factors could adversely affect our investment returns as compared to companies investing primarily in the securities of public companies.

Our portfolio companies may incur debt that ranks equally with, or senior to, some of our investments in such companies.

We invest primarily in senior secured loans, including second lien, as well as unsecured debt instruments issued by our portfolio companies. If we invest in second lien, or unsecured debt instruments, our portfolio companies typically may be permitted to incur other debt that ranks equally with, or senior to, such debt instruments. By their terms, such debt instruments may provide that the holders are entitled to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on which we are entitled to receive payments in respect of the debt securities in which we invest. Also, in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a portfolio company, holders of debt instruments ranking senior to our investment in that portfolio company would typically be entitled to receive payment in full before we receive any distribution in respect of our investment. In such case, after repaying such senior creditors, such portfolio company may not have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to us. In the case of debt ranking equally with debt securities in which we invest, we would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such debt in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant portfolio company. Any such limitations on the ability of our portfolio companies to make principal or interest payments to us, if at all, may reduce our net asset value and have a negative material adverse impact to our business, financial condition and results of operation.

 

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Our investments in foreign securities may involve significant risks in addition to the risks inherent in U.S. investments.

Our investment strategy contemplates potential investments in debt securities of foreign companies. Investing in foreign companies may expose us to additional risks not typically associated with investing in U.S. companies. These risks include changes in exchange control regulations, political and social instability, expropriation, imposition of foreign taxes, less liquid markets and less available information than is generally the case in the United States, higher transaction costs, less government supervision of exchanges, brokers and issuers, less developed bankruptcy laws, difficulty in enforcing contractual obligations, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards and greater price volatility.

Although most of our investments will be U.S. dollar-denominated, any investments denominated in a foreign currency will be subject to the risk that the value of a particular currency will change in relation to one or more other currencies. Among the factors that may affect currency values are trade balances, the level of short-term interest rates, differences in relative values of similar assets in different currencies, long-term opportunities for investment and capital appreciation, and political developments. We may employ hedging techniques to minimize these risks, but we can offer no assurance that we will, in fact, hedge currency risk, or that if we do, such strategies will be effective.

We may expose ourselves to risks if we engage in hedging transactions.

If we engage in hedging transactions, we may expose ourselves to risks associated with such transactions. We may utilize instruments such as forward contracts, currency options and interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors to seek to hedge against fluctuations in the relative values of our portfolio positions from changes in currency exchange rates and market interest rates. Hedging against a decline in the values of our portfolio positions does not eliminate the possibility of fluctuations in the values of such positions or prevent losses if the values of such positions decline. However, such hedging can establish other positions designed to gain from those same developments, thereby offsetting the decline in the value of such portfolio positions. Such hedging transactions may also limit the opportunity for gain if the values of the underlying portfolio positions should increase. It may not be possible to hedge against an exchange rate or interest rate fluctuation that is so generally anticipated that we are not able to enter into a hedging transaction at an acceptable price.

The success of our hedging transactions will depend on our ability to correctly predict movements in currencies and interest rates. Therefore, while we may enter into such transactions to seek to reduce currency exchange rate and interest rate risks, unanticipated changes in currency exchange rates or interest rates may result in poorer overall investment performance than if we had not engaged in any such hedging transactions. In addition, the degree of correlation between price movements of the instruments used in a hedging strategy and price movements in the portfolio positions being hedged may vary. Moreover, for a variety of reasons, we may not seek to establish a perfect correlation between such hedging instruments and the portfolio holdings being hedged. Any such imperfect correlation may prevent us from achieving the intended hedge and expose us to risk of loss. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge fully or perfectly against currency fluctuations affecting the value of securities denominated in non-U.S. currencies because the value of those securities is likely to fluctuate as a result of factors not related to currency fluctuations. To the extent we engage in hedging transactions, we also face the risk that counterparties to the derivative instruments we hold may default, which may expose us to unexpected losses from positions where we believed that our risk had been appropriately hedged.

Our investment adviser may not be able to achieve the same or similar returns as those achieved by our senior investment professionals while they were employed at prior positions.

Although in the past our senior investment professionals held senior positions at a number of investment firms, their track record and achievements are not necessarily indicative of future results that will be achieved by

 

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our investment adviser. In their roles at such other firms, our senior investment professionals were part of investment teams, and they were not solely responsible for generating investment ideas. In addition, such investment teams arrived at investment decisions by consensus.

Risks Relating to an Investment in Our Securities

Our shares may trade at a substantial discount from net asset value and may continue to do so over the long term.

Shares of BDCs may trade at a market price that is less than the net asset value that is attributable to those shares. The possibility that our shares of common stock will trade at a substantial discount from net asset value over the long term is separate and distinct from the risk that our net asset value will decrease. We cannot predict whether shares of our common stock will trade above, at or below our net asset value. If our common stock trades below its net asset value, we will generally not be able to issue additional shares or sell our common stock at its market price without first obtaining the approval for such issuance from our stockholders and our independent directors. At our 2017 Annual Stockholders Meeting, our stockholders approved our ability to sell or otherwise issue shares of our common stock, not exceeding 25% of our then outstanding common stock immediately prior to each such offering, at a price or prices below the then current net asset value per share, in each case subject to the approval of our board of directors and compliance with the conditions set forth in the proxy statement pertaining thereto, during a period beginning on May 17, 2017 and expiring on the earlier of the one-year anniversary of the date of the 2017 Annual Stockholders Meeting and the date of our 2018 Annual Stockholders Meeting, which is expected to be held in May 2018. However, notwithstanding such stockholder approval, since our initial public offering on February 24, 2011, we have not sold any shares of our common stock in an offering that resulted in proceeds to us of less than our then current net asset value per share. Any offering of our common stock that requires stockholder approval must occur, if at all, within one year after receiving such stockholder approval. If additional funds are not available to us, we could be forced to curtail or cease our new lending and investment activities, and our net asset value could decrease and our level of distributions could be impacted.

Our common stock price may be volatile and may decrease substantially.

The trading price of our common stock may fluctuate substantially. The price of our common stock that will prevail in the market may be higher or lower than the price you pay, depending on many factors, some of which are beyond our control and may not be directly related to our operating performance. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

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price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market from time to time;

 

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investor demand for our shares;

 

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significant volatility in the market price and trading volume of securities of BDCs or other companies in our sector, which are not necessarily related to the operating performance of these companies;

 

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exclusion of our common stock from certain market indices, such as the Russell 2000 Financial Services Index, which could reduce the ability of certain investment funds to own our common stock and put short-term selling pressure on our common stock;

 

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changes in regulatory policies or tax guidelines with respect to RICs or BDCs;

 

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failure to qualify as a RIC, or the loss of RIC status;

 

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any shortfall in revenue or net income or any increase in losses from levels expected by investors or securities analysts;

 

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changes, or perceived changes, in the value of our portfolio investments;

 

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departures of Solar Capital Partners’ key personnel;

 

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operating performance of companies comparable to us;

 

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changes in the prevailing interest rates;

 

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loss of a major funding source; or

 

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general economic conditions and trends and other external factors.

Our business and operation could be negatively affected if we become subject to any securities litigation or shareholder activism, which could cause us to incur significant expense, hinder execution of investment strategy and impact our stock price.

In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been brought against that company. Shareholder activism, which could take many forms or arise in a variety of situations, has been increasing in the BDC space recently. While we are currently not subject to any securities litigation or shareholder activism, due to the potential volatility of our stock price and for a variety of other reasons, we may in the future become the target of securities litigation or shareholder activism in the future. Securities litigation and shareholder activism, including potential proxy contests, could result in substantial costs and divert management’s and our board of directors’ attention and resources from our business. Additionally, such securities litigation and shareholder activism could give rise to perceived uncertainties as to our future, adversely affect our relationships with service providers and make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel. Also, we may be required to incur significant legal fees and other expenses related to any securities litigation and activist shareholder matters. Further, our stock price could be subject to significant fluctuation or otherwise be adversely affected by the events, risks and uncertainties of any securities litigation and shareholder activism.

There is a risk that our stockholders may not receive distributions or that our distributions may not grow over time.

We intend to make distributions on a monthly basis to our stockholders out of assets legally available for distribution. We cannot assure you that we will achieve investment results that will allow us to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. In addition, due to the asset coverage test applicable to us as a BDC, we may be limited in our ability to make distributions. To the extent we make distributions to stockholders which include a return of capital, that portion of the distribution essentially constitutes a return of the stockholders’ investment. Although such return of capital may not be taxable, such distributions may increase an investor’s tax liability for capital gains upon the future sale of our common stock.

As a RIC, if we do not distribute a certain percentage of our income annually, we may suffer adverse tax consequences, including possibly losing the U.S. federal income tax benefits allowable to RICs. We cannot assure you that you will receive distributions at a particular level or at all.

We may choose to pay distributions in our own common stock, in which case our stockholders may be required to pay U.S. federal income taxes in excess of the cash distributions they receive.

We may distribute taxable distributions that are payable in cash or shares of our common stock at the election of each stockholder. Under certain applicable provisions of the Code and the Treasury regulations, publicly offered RICs may make distributions payable in cash or in shares of stock at the election of stockholders that are treated as taxable distributions. The Internal Revenue Service has published guidance indicating that this rule will apply even where the total amount of cash that may be distributed is limited to no more than 20% of the total distribution. Under these rulings, if too many stockholders elect to receive their distributions in cash, the cash available for distribution must be allocated among the shareholders electing to receive cash (with the balance of the distribution paid in stock). If we decide to make any distributions consistent with this guidance that are payable in part in our stock, taxable stockholders receiving such distributions will be required to include the full

 

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amount of the distribution (whether received in cash, our stock, or a combination thereof) as ordinary income (or as long-term capital gain to the extent such distribution is properly reported as a capital gain distribution) to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, a U.S. stockholder may be required to pay tax with respect to such distributions in excess of any cash received. If a U.S. stockholder sells the stock it receives as a distribution in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may be less than the amount included in income with respect to the distribution, depending on the market price of our stock at the time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect to non-U.S. stockholders, we may be required to withhold U.S. tax with respect to such distributions, including in respect of all or a portion of such distribution that is payable in stock. In addition, if a significant number of our stockholders determine to sell shares of our stock in order to pay taxes owed on distributions, it may put downward pressure on the trading price of our stock.

Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

The 500,000 shares that were originally issued to Solar Senior Capital Investors LLC in the Concurrent Private Placement pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) under the Securities Act were subject to a 180 day lock-up period. Upon expiration of this lock-up period, such shares became generally freely tradable in the public market, subject to the provisions of Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock, or the availability of such common stock for sale, could adversely affect the prevailing market prices for our common stock. If this occurs and continues, it could impair our ability to raise additional capital through the sale of securities should we desire to do so.

We have also committed to file a registration statement to register the resale of the shares of common stock that were issued in the Concurrent Private Placement to Solar Senior Capital Investors LLC within 60 days of receiving a request from Solar Senior Capital Investors LLC to do so. We have committed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to obtain effectiveness of such registration statement as soon as reasonably practicable after the filing of such registration statement. Assuming effectiveness of such registration statement, Solar Senior Capital Investors LLC will generally be able to resell its shares of common stock without restriction.

We may be unable to invest the net proceeds raised from any offerings on acceptable terms or allocate net proceeds from any offering of our securities in ways with which you may not agree.

We cannot assure you that we will be able to find enough appropriate investments that meet our investment criteria or that any investment we complete using the proceeds from any securities offering will produce a sufficient return. Until we identify new investment opportunities, we intend to either invest the net proceeds of future offerings in cash equivalents, U.S. Government securities and other high-quality debt investments that mature in one year or less or use the net proceeds from such offerings to reduce then-outstanding obligations.

We have significant flexibility in investing the net proceeds of any offering of our securities and may use the net proceeds from an offering in ways with which you may not agree or for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of the offering.

The net asset value per share of our common stock may be diluted if we sell shares of our common stock in one or more offerings at prices below the then current net asset value per share of our common stock.

At our 2017 Annual Stockholders Meeting, our stockholders approved our ability to sell or otherwise issue shares of our common stock, not exceeding 25% of our then outstanding common stock immediately prior to each such offering, at a price or prices below the then current net asset value per share, in each case subject to the approval of our board of directors and compliance with the conditions set forth in the proxy statement pertaining thereto, during a period beginning on May 17, 2017 and expiring on the earlier of the one-year anniversary of the date of the 2017 Annual Stockholders Meeting and the date of our 2018 Annual Stockholders Meeting, which is expected to be held in May 2018. However, notwithstanding such stockholder approval, since our initial public

 

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offering on February 24, 2011, we have not sold any shares of our common stock in an offering that resulted in proceeds to us of less than our then current net asset value per share. Any offering of our common stock that requires stockholder approval must occur, if at all, within one year after receiving such stockholder approval.

We may also use newly issued shares to implement our dividend reinvestment plan, whether our shares are trading at a premium or at a discount to our then current net asset value per share. To the extent we receive the necessary approval, any decision to sell shares of our common stock below its then current net asset value per share would be subject to the determination by our board of directors that such issuance or sale is in our and our stockholders’ best interests.

If we were to sell shares of our common stock below its then current net asset value per share, such sales would result in an immediate dilution to the net asset value per share of our common stock. This dilution would occur as a result of the sale of shares at a price below the then current net asset value per share of our common stock and a proportionately greater decrease in the stockholders’ interest in our earnings and assets and their voting interest in us than the increase in our assets resulting from such sale. Because the number of shares of common stock that could be so issued and the timing of any issuance is not currently known, the actual dilutive effect cannot be predicted.

Further, if our current stockholders do not purchase any shares to maintain their percentage interest, regardless of whether such offering is above or below the then current net asset value per share, their voting power will be diluted. For example, if we sell an additional 10% of our common shares at a 5% discount from net asset value, a stockholder who does not participate in that offering for its proportionate interest will suffer net asset value dilution of up to 0.5% or $5 per $1,000 of net asset value.

Similarly, all distributions declared in cash payable to stockholders that are participants in our distribution reinvestment plan are generally automatically reinvested in shares of our common stock. As a result, stockholders that do not participate in the dividend reinvestment plan may experience dilution over time. Stockholders who do not elect to receive distributions in shares of common stock may experience accretion to the net asset value of their shares if our shares are trading at a premium and dilution if our shares are trading at a discount. The level of accretion or discount would depend on various factors, including the proportion of our stockholders who participate in the plan, the level of premium or discount at which our shares are trading and the amount of the distribution payable to a stockholder.

If we issue preferred stock, the net asset value and market value of our common stock may become more volatile.

We cannot assure you that the issuance of preferred stock would result in a higher yield or return to the holders of the common stock. The issuance of preferred stock would likely cause the net asset value and market value of the common stock to become more volatile. If the distribution rate on the preferred stock were to approach the net rate of return on our investment portfolio, the benefit of leverage to the holders of the common stock would be reduced. If the distribution rate on the preferred stock were to exceed the net rate of return on our portfolio, the leverage would result in a lower rate of return to the holders of common stock than if we had not issued preferred stock. Any decline in the net asset value of our investments would be borne entirely by the holders of common stock. Therefore, if the market value of our portfolio were to decline, the leverage would result in a greater decrease in net asset value to the holders of common stock than if we were not leveraged through the issuance of preferred stock. This greater net asset value decrease would also tend to cause a greater decline in the market price for the common stock. We might be in danger of failing to maintain the required asset coverage of the preferred stock or of losing our ratings on the preferred stock or, in an extreme case, our current investment income might not be sufficient to meet the distribution requirements on the preferred stock. In order to counteract such an event, we might need to liquidate investments in order to fund a redemption of some or all of the preferred stock. In addition, we would pay (and the holders of common stock would bear) all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of the preferred stock, including higher advisory fees

 

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if our total return exceeds the distribution rate on the preferred stock. Holders of preferred stock may have different interests than holders of common stock and may at times have disproportionate influence over our affairs.

Holders of any preferred stock we might issue would have the right to elect members of the board of directors and class voting rights on certain matters.

Holders of any preferred stock we might issue, voting separately as a single class, would have the right to elect two members of the board of directors at all times and in the event distributions become two full years in arrears would have the right to elect a majority of the directors until such arrearage is completely eliminated. In addition, preferred stockholders have class voting rights on certain matters, including changes in fundamental investment restrictions and conversion to open-end status, and accordingly can veto any such changes. Restrictions imposed on the declarations and payment of distributions to the holders of our common stock and preferred stock, both by the 1940 Act and by requirements imposed by rating agencies or the terms of our credit facilities, might impair our ability to maintain our qualification as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. While we would intend to redeem our preferred stock to the extent necessary to enable us to distribute our income as required to maintain our qualification as a RIC, there can be no assurance that such actions could be effected in time to meet the tax requirements.

To the extent we use debt or preferred stock to finance our investments, changes in interest rates will affect our cost of capital and net investment income.

To the extent we borrow money, or issue preferred stock, to make investments, our net investment income will depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which we borrow funds or pay distributions on preferred stock and the rate at which we invest those funds. As a result, we can offer no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material adverse effect on our net investment income in the event we use debt to finance our investments. In periods of rising interest rates, our cost of funds would increase, except to the extent we issue fixed rate debt or preferred stock, which could reduce our net investment income. We expect that our long-term fixed-rate investments will be financed primarily with equity and long-term debt. We may use interest rate risk management techniques in an effort to limit our exposure to interest rate fluctuations. Such techniques may include various interest rate hedging activities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act.

You should also be aware that a rise in the general level of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher interest rates applicable to our debt investments. Accordingly, an increase in interest rates would make it easier for us to meet or exceed the incentive fee hurdle rate and may result in a substantial increase of the amount of incentive fees payable to our investment adviser with respect to our pre-incentive fee net investment income.

We may in the future determine to fund a portion of our investments with preferred stock, which would magnify the potential for loss and the risks of investing in us in similar way as our borrowings.

Preferred stock, which is another form of leverage, has the same risks to our common stockholders as borrowings because the distributions on any preferred stock we issue must be cumulative. Payment of such distributions and repayment of the liquidation preference of such preferred stock must take preference over any distributions or other payments to our common stockholders, and preferred stockholders are not subject to any of our expenses or losses and are not entitled to participate in any income or appreciation in excess of their stated preference.

Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure

We are dependent upon Solar Capital Partners’ key personnel for our future success.

We depend on the diligence, skill and network of business contacts of Messrs. Gross and Spohler, who serve as the managing partners of Solar Capital Partners, and who lead Solar Capital Partners’ investment team.

 

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Messrs. Gross and Spohler, together with the other dedicated investment professionals available to Solar Capital Partners, evaluate, negotiate, structure, close and monitor our investments. Our future success will depend on the diligence, skill, network of business contacts and continued service of Messrs. Gross and Spohler and the other investment professionals available to Solar Capital Partners. We cannot assure you that unforeseen business, medical, personal or other circumstances would not lead any such individual to terminate his relationship with us. The loss of Mr. Gross or Mr. Spohler, or any of the other senior investment professionals who serve on Solar Capital Partners’ investment team, could have a material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our investment objective as well as on our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, we can offer no assurance that Solar Capital Partners will remain our investment adviser.

The senior investment professionals of Solar Capital Partners are and may in the future become affiliated with entities engaged in business activities similar to those intended to be conducted by us, and may have conflicts of interest in allocating their time. We expect that Messrs. Gross and Spohler will dedicate a significant portion of their time to the activities of Solar Senior Capital; however, they may be engaged in other business activities which could divert their time and attention in the future. Specifically, each of Messrs. Gross and Spohler serve as chief executive officer and chief operating officer, respectively, of Solar Capital Ltd.

Our business model depends to a significant extent upon strong referral relationships with financial sponsors, and the inability of the senior investment professionals of our investment adviser to maintain or develop these relationships, or the failure of these relationships to generate investment opportunities, could adversely affect our business.

We expect that the principals of our investment adviser will maintain and develop their relationships with financial sponsors, and we will rely to a significant extent upon these relationships to provide us with potential investment opportunities. If the senior investment professionals of our investment adviser fail to maintain their existing relationships or develop new relationships with other sponsors or sources of investment opportunities, we will not be able to grow our investment portfolio. In addition, individuals with whom the senior investment professionals of our investment adviser have relationships are not obligated to provide us with investment opportunities, and, therefore, there is no assurance that such relationships will generate investment opportunities for us. If our investment adviser is unable to source investment opportunities, we may hold a greater percentage of our assets in cash and cash equivalents than anticipated, which could impact potential returns on our portfolio.

A disruption in the capital markets and the credit markets could negatively affect our business.

As a BDC, we have to maintain our ability to raise additional capital for investment purposes. Without sufficient access to the capital markets or credit markets, we may be forced to curtail our business operations or we may not be able to pursue new business opportunities. Disruptive conditions in the financial industry and the impact of new legislation in response to those conditions could restrict our business operations and could adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.

If the fair value of our assets declines substantially, we may fail to maintain the asset coverage ratios imposed upon us by the 1940 Act and the Credit Facility. Any such failure could result in an event of default and all of our debt being declared immediately due and payable and would affect our ability to issue senior securities, including borrowings, and pay distributions, which could materially impair our business operations. Our liquidity could be impaired further by an inability to access the capital markets or to draw on the Credit Facility. For example, we cannot be certain that we will be able to renew the Credit Facility as it matures or to consummate new borrowing facilities to provide capital for normal operations, including new originations. Reflecting concern about the stability of the financial markets, many lenders and institutional investors have reduced or ceased providing funding to borrowers. This market turmoil and tightening of credit have led to increased market volatility and widespread reduction of business activity generally.

If we are unable to renew or replace the Credit Facility and consummate new facilities on commercially reasonable terms, our liquidity will be reduced significantly. If we consummate new facilities but are then unable

 

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to repay amounts outstanding under such facilities, and are declared in default or are unable to renew or refinance these facilities, we would not be able to initiate significant originations or to operate our business in the normal course. These situations may arise due to circumstances that we may be unable to control, such as inaccessibility to the credit markets, a severe decline in the value of the U.S. dollar, a further economic downturn or an operational problem that affects third parties or us, and could materially damage our business. Moreover, we are unable to predict when economic and market conditions may become more favorable. Even if such conditions improve broadly and significantly over the long term, adverse conditions in particular sectors of the financial markets could adversely impact our business.

Our financial condition and results of operations will depend on Solar Capital Partners’ ability to manage our future growth effectively by identifying, investing in and monitoring companies that meet our investment criteria.

Our ability to achieve our investment objective and to grow depends on Solar Capital Partners’ ability to identify, invest in and monitor companies that meet our investment criteria. Accomplishing this result on a cost-effective basis is largely a function of Solar Capital Partners’ structuring of the investment process, its ability to provide competent, attentive and efficient services to us and its ability to access financing for us on acceptable terms. The investment team of Solar Capital Partners has substantial responsibilities under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, and they may also be called upon to provide managerial assistance to our portfolio companies as the principals of our administrator. In addition, the members of Solar Capital Partners’ investment team have similar responsibilities with respect to the management of Solar Capital’s investment portfolio. Such demands on their time may distract them or slow our rate of investment. In order to grow, we and Solar Capital Partners will need to retain, train, supervise and manage new investment professionals. However, we can offer no assurance that any such investment professionals will contribute effectively to the work of the investment adviser. Any failure to manage our future growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may need to raise additional capital to grow because we must distribute most of our income.

We may need additional capital to fund growth in our investments. We expect to issue equity securities and expect to borrow from financial institutions in the future. A reduction in the availability of new capital could limit our ability to grow. We must distribute at least 90% of our investment company taxable income to our stockholders to maintain our tax treatment as RIC. As a result, any such cash earnings may not be available to fund investment originations. We expect to borrow from financial institutions and issue additional debt and equity securities. If we fail to obtain funds from such sources or from other sources to fund our investments, it could limit our ability to grow, which may have an adverse effect on the value of our securities. In addition, as a BDC, our ability to borrow or issue preferred stock may be restricted if our total assets are less than 200% of our total borrowings and preferred stock.

Any failure on our part to maintain our status as a BDC would reduce our operating flexibility and we may be limited in our investment choices as a BDC.

The 1940 Act imposes numerous constraints on the operations of BDCs. For example, BDCs are required to invest at least 70% of their total assets in specified types of securities, primarily in private companies or thinly-traded U.S. public companies, cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities and other high quality debt investments that mature in one year or less. Furthermore, any failure to comply with the requirements imposed on BDCs by the 1940 Act could cause the SEC to bring an enforcement action against us and/or expose us to claims of private litigants. In addition, upon approval of a majority of our stockholders, we may elect to withdraw our status as a BDC. If we decide to withdraw our election, or if we otherwise fail to qualify, or maintain our qualification, as a BDC, we may be subject to the substantially greater regulation under the 1940 Act as a closed-end investment company. Compliance with such regulations would significantly decrease our operating flexibility, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Regulations governing our operation as a BDC affect our ability to, and the way in which we will, raise additional capital. As a BDC, the necessity of raising additional capital may expose us to risks, including the typical risks associated with leverage.

In order to satisfy the tax requirements applicable to a RIC, to avoid payment of excise taxes and to minimize or avoid payment of income taxes, we intend to distribute to our stockholders substantially all of our ordinary income and realized net capital gains except for certain realized net long-term capital gains, which we may retain, pay applicable income taxes with respect thereto and elect to treat as deemed distributions to our stockholders. We may issue debt securities or preferred stock and/or borrow money from banks or other financial institutions, which we refer to collectively as “senior securities,” up to the maximum amount permitted by the 1940 Act. Under the provisions of the 1940 Act, we are permitted, as a BDC, to issue senior securities in amounts such that our asset coverage ratio, as defined in the 1940 Act, equals at least 200% of gross assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, after each issuance of senior securities. If the value of our assets declines, we may be unable to satisfy this test. If that happens, we may be required to sell a portion of our investments and, depending on the nature of our leverage, repay a portion of our indebtedness at a time when such sales may be disadvantageous. Also, any amounts that we use to service our indebtedness would not be available for distributions to our common stockholders. Furthermore, as a result of issuing senior securities, we would also be exposed to typical risks associated with leverage, including an increased risk of loss.

As of June 30, 2017, we had $109.3 million outstanding under the Credit Facility. If we issue preferred stock, the preferred stock would rank “senior” to common stock in our capital structure, preferred stockholders would generally vote together with common stockholders but would have separate voting rights on certain matters and might have other rights, preferences, or privileges more favorable than those of our common stockholders, and the issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change of control that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise be in your best interest.

We are not generally able to issue and sell our common stock at a price below net asset value per share. We may, however, sell our common stock, or warrants, options or rights to acquire our common stock, at a price below the then-current net asset value per share of our common stock if our board of directors determines that such sale is in the best interests of Solar Senior Capital and its stockholders, and our stockholders approve such sale. In any such case, the price at which our securities are to be issued and sold may not be less than a price that, in the determination of our board of directors, closely approximates the market value of such securities (less any distributing commission or discount). If we raise additional funds by issuing more common stock or senior securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, our common stock, then the percentage ownership of our stockholders at that time will decrease, and you might experience dilution. This dilution would occur as a result of a proportionately greater decrease in a stockholder’s interest in our earnings and assets and voting interest in us than the increase in our assets resulting from such issuance. Because the number of future shares of common stock that may be issued below our net asset value per share and the price and timing of such issuances are not currently known, we cannot predict the actual dilutive effect of any such issuance. We cannot determine the resulting reduction in our net asset value per share of any such issuance. We also cannot predict whether shares of our common stock will trade above, at or below our net asset value.

At our 2017 Annual Stockholders Meeting, our stockholders approved our ability to sell or otherwise issue shares of our common stock, not exceeding 25% of our then outstanding common stock immediately prior to each such offering, at a price or prices below the then current net asset value per share, in each case subject to the approval of our board of directors and compliance with the conditions set forth in the proxy statement pertaining thereto, during a period beginning on May 17, 2017 and expiring on the earlier of the one-year anniversary of the date of the 2017 Annual Stockholders Meeting and the date of our 2018 Annual Stockholders Meeting, which is expected to be held in May 2018. However, notwithstanding such stockholder approval, since our initial public offering on February 24, 2011, we have not sold any shares of our common stock in an offering that resulted in proceeds to us of less than our then current net asset value per share. Any offering of our common stock that requires stockholder approval must occur, if at all, within one year after receiving such stockholder approval.

 

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Our credit ratings may not reflect all risks of an investment in our debt securities.

Our credit ratings are an assessment by third parties of our ability to pay our obligations. Consequently, real or anticipated changes in our credit ratings will generally affect the market value of our debt securities. Our credit ratings, however, may not reflect the potential impact of risks related to market conditions generally or other factors discussed above on the market value of or trading market for the publicly issued debt securities.

Our stockholders may experience dilution in their ownership percentage if they do not participate in our dividend reinvestment plan.

All distributions declared in cash payable to stockholders that are participants in our dividend reinvestment plan are generally automatically reinvested in shares of our common stock. In the event we issue new shares in connection with our dividend reinvestment plan, our stockholders that do not elect to receive distributions in shares of common stock may experience dilution in their ownership percentage over time as a result of such issuance.

We have and may continue to borrow money, which would magnify the potential for loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing in us.

We borrow money as part of our business plan. Borrowings, also known as leverage, magnify the potential for loss on amounts invested and, therefore, increase the risks associated with investing in our securities. As of June 30, 2017, we had $109.3 million outstanding under the Credit Facility. We may borrow from and issue senior debt securities to banks, insurance companies and other lenders in the future. Lenders of these senior securities, including the Credit Facility, will have fixed dollar claims on our assets that are superior to the claims of our common stockholders, and we would expect such lenders to seek recovery against our assets in the event of a default. If the value of our assets decreases, leveraging would cause net asset value to decline more sharply than it otherwise would have had we not leveraged. Similarly, any decrease in our income would cause net income to decline more sharply than it would have had we not borrowed. Such a decline could also negatively affect our ability to make distribution payments on our common stock. Leverage is generally considered a speculative investment technique. Our ability to service any debt that we incur will depend largely on our financial performance and will be subject to prevailing economic conditions and competitive pressures. Moreover, as the management fee payable to our investment adviser, Solar Capital Partners, will be payable based on our gross assets, including those assets acquired through the use of leverage, Solar Capital Partners will have a financial incentive to incur leverage which may not be consistent with our stockholders’ interests. In addition, our common stockholders will bear the burden of any increase in our expenses as a result of leverage, including any increase in the management fee payable to Solar Capital Partners.

As a BDC, we generally are required to meet a coverage ratio of total assets to total borrowings and other senior securities, which include all of our borrowings and any preferred stock that we may issue in the future, of at least 200%. Additionally, the Credit Facility requires us to comply with certain financial and other restrictive covenants, including maintaining an asset coverage ratio of at least 200% at any time. Failure to maintain compliance with these covenants could result in an event of default and all of our debt being declared immediately due and payable. If this ratio declines below 200%, we may not be able to incur additional debt and could be required by law to sell a portion of our investments to repay some debt when it is disadvantageous to do so, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations, and we may not be able to make distributions. The amount of leverage that we employ will depend on our investment adviser’s and our board of directors’ assessment of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain credit at all or on terms acceptable to us.

In addition, the Credit Facility imposes, and any other debt facility into which we may enter would likely impose financial and operating covenants that restrict our business activities, including limitations that could hinder our ability to finance additional loans and investments or to make the distributions required to maintain our status as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code.

 

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The debt securities that we may issue will be governed by an indenture or other instrument containing covenants restricting our operating flexibility. We, and indirectly our stockholders, bear the cost of issuing and servicing such debt securities. Any convertible or exchangeable securities that we issue in the future may have rights, preferences and privileges more favorable than those of our common stock.

Illustration. The following table illustrates the effect of leverage on returns from an investment in our common stock assuming various annual returns on our total assets, net of interest expense. The calculations in the table below are hypothetical and actual returns may be higher or lower than those appearing in the table below.

 

		Assumed total return (net of interest expense) (unaudited)
			(10	)%			(5	)%			0	%			5	%			10	%
Corresponding return to stockholder(1)			(19.1	)%			(10.2	)%			(1.2	)%			7.7	%			16.7	%

 

(1)

Assumes $481.8 million in total assets and $109.3 million in total debt outstanding, which reflects our total assets and total debt outstanding as of June 30, 2017, and a cost of funds of 2.98%. Excludes non-leverage related expenses. In order for us to cover our annual interest payments on our outstanding indebtedness at June 30, 2017, we must achieve annual returns on our June 30, 2017 total assets of at least 0.7%.

It is likely that the terms of any current or future long-term or revolving credit or warehouse facility we may enter into in the future could constrain our ability to grow our business.

Our current lenders have, and any future lender or lenders may have, fixed dollar claims on our assets that are senior to the claims of our stockholders and, thus, will have a preference over our stockholders with respect to our assets in the collateral pool. The Credit Facility and borrowings also subject us to various financial and operating covenants, including, but not limited to, maintaining certain financial ratios and minimum tangible net worth amounts. Future credit facilities and borrowings will likely subject us to similar or additional covenants. In addition, we may grant a security interest in our assets in connection with any such credit facilities and borrowings.

The Credit Facility contains customary default provisions such as a minimum net worth amount, a profitability test, and a restriction on changing our business and loan quality standards. In addition, the Credit Facility requires the repayment of all outstanding debt on the maturity which may disrupt our business and potentially the business of our portfolio companies that are financed through the credit facility. An event of default under the Credit Facility would likely result, among other things, in termination of the availability of further funds under the Credit Facility and accelerated maturity dates for all amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility, which would likely disrupt our business and, potentially, the business of the portfolio companies whose loans we finance through the Credit Facility. This could reduce our revenues and, by delaying any cash payment allowed to us under our the Credit Facility until the lender has been paid in full, reduce our liquidity and cash flow and impair our ability to grow our business and maintain our status as a RIC.

The terms of future available financing may place limits on our financial and operation flexibility. If we are unable to obtain sufficient capital in the future, we may be forced to reduce or discontinue our operations, not be able to make new investments, or otherwise respond to changing business conditions or competitive pressures.

Pending legislation may allow us to incur additional leverage.

As a BDC, under the 1940 Act generally we are not permitted to incur indebtedness unless immediately after such borrowing we have an asset coverage for total borrowings of at least 200% (i.e., the amount of debt may not exceed 50% of the value of our total assets or we may borrow an amount equal to 100% of net assets.) The Financial CHOICE Act of 2017, which was passed by the U.S. House of Representatives in June 2017,

 

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would modify this section of the 1940 Act and increase the amount of debt that BDCs may incur by modifying the asset coverage percentage from 200% to 150%. As a result, we may be able to incur additional indebtedness in the future and therefore your risk of an investment in us may increase.

Our quarterly and annual operating results are subject to fluctuation as a result of the nature of our business, and if we fail to achieve our investment objective, the net asset value of our common stock may decline.

We could experience fluctuations in our quarterly and annual operating results due to a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, including, but not limited to, the interest rate payable on the debt securities that we acquire, the default rate on such securities, the level of our expenses, variations in and the timing of the recognition of realized and unrealized gains or losses, changes in our portfolio composition, the degree to which we encounter competition in our markets, market volatility in our publicly traded securities and the securities of our portfolio companies, and general economic conditions. As a result of these factors, results for any period should not be relied upon as being indicative of performance in future periods. In addition, any of these factors could negatively impact our ability to achieve our investment objectives, which may cause our net asset value of our common stock to decline.

Our investments may be in portfolio companies which may have limited operating histories and financial resources.

Our portfolio companies compete with larger, more established companies with greater access to, and resources for, further development in new technologies. We also expect that our portfolio will continue to consist of investments that may have relatively limited operating histories. These companies may be particularly vulnerable to U.S. and foreign economic downturns such as the current recession and European financial crisis, may have more limited access to capital and higher funding costs, may have a weaker financial position and may need more capital to expand or compete. These businesses also may experience substantial variations in operating results. They may face intense competition, including from companies with greater financial, technical and marketing resources. Furthermore, some of these companies do business in regulated industries and could be affected by changes in government regulation. Accordingly, these factors could impair their cash flow or result in other events, such as bankruptcy, which could limit their ability to repay their obligations to us, and may adversely affect the return on, or the recovery of, our investment in these companies. We cannot assure you that any of our investments in our portfolio companies will be successful. Therefore, we may lose our entire investment in any or all of our portfolio companies.

There will be uncertainty as to the value of our portfolio investments, which may impact our net asset value.

A large percentage of our portfolio investments are in the form of securities that are not publicly traded. The fair value of securities and other investments that are not publicly traded may not be readily determinable. We value these securities and the Credit Facility on a quarterly basis in accordance with our valuation policy, which is at all times consistent with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Our board of directors utilizes the services of third-party valuation firms to aid it in determining the fair value of certain securities and the Credit Facility. The board of directors discusses valuations and determines the fair value in good faith based on the input of our investment adviser and the respective third-party valuation firms. The factors that may be considered in fair value pricing our investments include the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments and its earnings, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparisons to publicly traded companies, discounted cash flow and other relevant factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private securities and private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these securities existed. Our net asset value could be adversely affected if our determinations regarding the fair value of our investments were materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon the disposal of such securities.

 

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Our equity ownership in a portfolio company may represent a control investment. Our ability to exit an investment in a timely manner because we are in a control position or have access to inside information in the portfolio company could result in a realized loss on the investment.

If we obtain a control investment in a portfolio company our ability to divest ourselves from a debt or equity investment could be restricted due to illiquidity in a private stock, limited trading volume on a public company’s stock, inside information on a company’s performance, insider blackout periods, or other factors that could prohibit us from disposing of the investment as we would if it were not a control investment. Additionally, we may choose not to take certain actions to protect a debt investment in a control investment portfolio company. As a result, we could experience a decrease in the value of our portfolio company holdings and potentially incur a realized loss on the investment.

There are significant potential conflicts of interest, including Solar Capital Partners’ management of Solar Capital, which could impact our investment returns, and an investment in Solar Senior Capital is not an investment in Solar Capital Ltd.

Our executive officers and directors, as well as the current and future partners of our investment adviser, Solar Capital Partners, may serve as officers, directors or principals of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as we do. For example, Solar Capital Partners, presently serves as the investment adviser to Solar Capital, a publicly-traded BDC. In addition, Michael S. Gross, our Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President, Bruce Spohler, our Chief Operating Officer and board member, and Richard L. Peteka, our Chief Financial Officer, serve in similar capacities for Solar Capital Ltd. Accordingly, they may have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which obligations might not be in the best interests of us or our stockholders. In addition, we note that any affiliated investment vehicle formed in the future, and managed by our investment adviser or any of its affiliates may, notwithstanding different stated investment objectives, have overlapping investment objectives with our own and, accordingly, may invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by us. As a result, Solar Capital Partners may face conflicts in allocating investment opportunities between us and such other entities. Although Solar Capital Partners will endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, it is possible that, in the future, we may not be given the opportunity to participate in investments made by investment funds managed by our investment adviser or an investment manager affiliated with our investment adviser. In any such case, when Solar Capital Partners identifies an investment, it will be forced to choose which investment fund should make the investment.

As a BDC, we were substantially limited in our ability to co-invest in privately negotiated transactions with affiliated funds until we obtained an exemptive order from the SEC on July 28, 2014 (the “Prior Exemptive Order”). On June 13, 2017, the Company, Solar Capital Ltd., and Solar Capital Partners received an exemptive order (the “Exemptive Order”) for a co-investment order that supersedes the Prior Exemptive Order and extends the relief granted in the Prior Exemptive Order such that it no longer applies to certain affiliates only if their respective investment adviser is Solar Capital Partners, but also applies to certain affiliates whose investment adviser is an investment adviser that controls, is controlled by or is under common control with Solar Capital Partners and is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The terms of the Exemptive Order are otherwise substantially similar to the Prior Exemptive Order. The Exemptive Order permits us to participate in negotiated co-investment transactions with certain affiliates in a manner consistent with our investment objective, positions, policies, strategies and restrictions as well as regulatory requirements and other pertinent factors, and pursuant to the conditions to the Exemptive Order. If we are unable to rely on the Exemptive Order for a particular opportunity, such opportunity will be allocated first to the entity whose investment strategy is the most consistent with the opportunity being allocated, and second, if the terms of the opportunity are consistent with more than one entity’s investment strategy, on an alternating basis. Although our investment professionals will endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, we and our common stockholders could be adversely affected to the extent investment opportunities are allocated among us and other investment vehicles managed or sponsored by, or affiliated with, our executive officers, directors and members of our investment adviser.

 

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Solar Capital Partners and certain investment advisory affiliates may determine that an investment is appropriate for us and for one or more of those other funds. In such event, depending on the availability of such investment and other appropriate factors, Solar Capital Partners or its affiliates may determine that we should invest side-by-side with one or more other funds. Any such investments will be made only to the extent permitted by applicable law and interpretive positions of the SEC and its staff, and consistent with Solar Capital Partners’ allocation procedures.

Related party transactions may occur between Solar Senior Capital and Gemino, between Solar Senior Capital and FLLP, between Solar Senior Capital and Solar Life Science Program LLC and between Solar Senior Capital and FLLP 2015-1, LLC. These transactions may occur in the normal course of business. No administrative fees are paid to Solar Capital Partners by Gemino, Solar Life Science Program LLC or FLLP.

In the ordinary course of our investing activities, we pay management and incentive fees to Solar Capital Partners and reimburse Solar Capital Partners for certain expenses it incurs. As a result, investors in our common stock will invest on a “gross” basis and receive distributions on a “net” basis after expenses, resulting in a lower rate of return than an investor might achieve through direct investments. Accordingly, there may be times when the management team of Solar Capital Partners has interests that differ from those of our stockholders, giving rise to a conflict.

We have entered into a royalty-free license agreement with our investment adviser, pursuant to which our investment adviser has granted us a non-exclusive license to use the name “Solar Capital.” Under the License Agreement, we have the right to use the “Solar Capital” name for so long as Solar Capital Partners or one of its affiliates remains our investment adviser. In addition, we pay Solar Capital Management, an affiliate of Solar Capital Partners, our allocable portion of overhead and other expenses incurred by Solar Capital Management in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including rent, the fees and expenses associated with performing compliance functions, and our allocable portion of the compensation of our chief financial officer and any administrative support staff. These arrangements create conflicts of interest that our board of directors must monitor.

Our ability to enter into transactions involving derivatives and financial commitment transactions may be limited.

The SEC has proposed a new rule under the 1940 Act that would govern the use of derivatives (defined to include any swap, security-based swap, futures contract, forward contract, option or any similar instrument) as well as financial commitment transactions (defined to include reverse repurchase agreements, short sale borrowings and any firm or standby commitment agreement or similar agreement) by BDCs. Under the proposed rule, a BDC would be required to comply with one of two alternative portfolio limitations and manage the risks associated with derivatives transactions and financial commitment transactions by segregating certain assets. Furthermore, a BDC that engages in more than a limited amount of derivatives transactions or that uses complex derivatives would be required to establish a formalized derivatives risk management program. If the SEC adopts this rule in the form proposed, our ability to enter into transactions involving such instruments may be hindered, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be obligated to pay our investment adviser incentive compensation even if we incur a loss.

Our investment adviser will be entitled to incentive compensation for each fiscal quarter in an amount equal to a percentage of the excess of our pre-incentive fee net investment income for that quarter (before deducting incentive compensation) above a performance threshold for that quarter. Accordingly, since the performance threshold is based on a percentage of our net asset value, decreases in our net asset value make it easier to achieve the performance threshold. Our pre-incentive fee net investment income for incentive compensation purposes excludes realized and unrealized capital losses or depreciation that we may incur in the fiscal quarter, even if such capital losses or depreciation result in a net loss on our statement of operations for that quarter.

 

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Thus, we may be required to pay Solar Capital Partners incentive compensation for a fiscal quarter even if there is a decline in the value of our portfolio or we incur a net loss for that quarter.

Our incentive fee may induce Solar Capital Partners to pursue speculative investments.

The incentive fee payable by us to Solar Capital Partners may create an incentive for Solar Capital Partners to pursue investments on our behalf that are riskier or more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such compensation arrangement. The incentive fee payable to our investment adviser is calculated based on a percentage of our return on invested capital. This may encourage our investment adviser to use leverage to increase the return on our investments. Under certain circumstances, the use of leverage may increase the likelihood of default, which would impair the value of our common stock. In addition, our investment adviser receives the incentive fee based, in part, upon net capital gains realized on our investments. Unlike that portion of the incentive fee based on income, there is no hurdle rate applicable to the portion of the incentive fee based on net capital gains. As a result, our investment adviser may have a tendency to invest more capital in investments that are likely to result in capital gains as compared to income producing securities. Such a practice could result in our investing in more speculative securities than would otherwise be the case, which could result in higher investment losses, particularly during economic downturns.

The incentive fee payable by us to our investment adviser also may induce Solar Capital Partners to invest on our behalf in instruments that have a deferred interest feature, even if such deferred payments would not provide cash necessary to enable us to pay current distributions to our stockholders. Under these investments, we would accrue interest over the life of the investment but would not receive the cash income from the investment until the end of the term. Our net investment income used to calculate the income portion of our investment fee, however, includes accrued interest. Thus, a portion of this incentive fee would be based on income that we have not received in cash. In addition, the “catch-up” portion of the incentive fee may encourage Solar Capital Partners to accelerate or defer interest payable by portfolio companies from one calendar quarter to another, potentially resulting in fluctuations in timing and distribution amounts.

We may invest, to the extent permitted by law, in the securities and instruments of other investment companies, including private funds, and, to the extent we so invest, will bear our ratable share of any such investment company’s expenses, including management and performance fees. We will also remain obligated to pay management and incentive fees to Solar Capital Partners with respect to the assets invested in the securities and instruments of other investment companies. With respect to each of these investments, each of our stockholders will bear his or her share of the management and incentive fee of Solar Capital Partners as well as indirectly bearing the management and performance fees and other expenses of any investment companies in which we invest.

We may become subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income tax if we are unable to qualify and maintain our tax treatment as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code.

Although we have elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, no assurance can be given that we will continue to be able to qualify for and maintain our RIC tax treatment. To maintain RIC tax treatment under the Code, we must meet the following annual distribution, income source and asset diversification requirements.

 

•

The annual distribution requirement for a RIC will be satisfied if we distribute to our stockholders on an annual basis at least 90% of our net ordinary income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses, if any. Because we may use debt financing, we are subject to certain asset coverage ratio requirements under the 1940 Act and financial covenants under loan and credit agreements that could, under certain circumstances, restrict us from making distributions necessary to satisfy the distribution requirement. If we are unable to obtain cash from other sources, we could fail to qualify for RIC tax treatment and thus become subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income tax.

 

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•

The income source requirement will be satisfied if we obtain at least 90% of our income for each year from certain passive investments, including interest, dividends gains from the sale of stock or securities or similar sources.

 

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The asset diversification requirement will be satisfied if we meet certain asset diversification requirements at the end of each quarter of our taxable year. Failure to meet those requirements may result in our having to dispose of certain investments quickly in order to prevent the loss of RIC status. Because most of our investments will be in private companies, and therefore will be relatively illiquid, any such dispositions could be made at disadvantageous prices and could result in substantial losses.

If we fail to qualify for RIC tax treatment for any reason and become subject to corporate income tax, the resulting corporate taxes could substantially reduce our net assets, the amount of income available for distribution and the amount of our distributions. Such a failure would have a material adverse effect on us, the net asset value of our common stock and the total return, if any, obtainable from your investment in our common stock. Any net operating losses that we incur in periods during which we qualify as a RIC will not offset net capital gains (i.e., net realized long-term capital gains in excess of net realized short-term capital losses) that we are otherwise required to distribute, and we cannot pass such net operating losses through to our stockholders. In addition, net operating losses that we carry over to a taxable year in which we qualify as a RIC normally cannot offset ordinary income or capital gains.

We may have difficulty satisfying the annual distribution requirement in order to qualify and maintain RIC tax treatment if we recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income.

In accordance with GAAP and tax requirements, we include in income certain amounts that we have not received in cash, such as contractual PIK interest, which represents contractual interest added to a loan balance and due at the end of such loan’s term. In addition to the cash yields received on our loans, in some instances, certain loans may also include any of the following: end-of-term payments, exit fees, balloon payment fees or prepayment fees. The increases in loan balances as a result of contractual PIK arrangements are included in income for the period in which such PIK interest was accrued, which is often in advance of receiving cash payment, and are separately identified on our statements of cash flows. We also may be required to include in income certain other amounts prior to receiving the related cash.

Any warrants that we receive in connection with our debt investments will generally be valued as part of the negotiation process with the particular portfolio company. As a result, a portion of the aggregate purchase price for the debt investments and warrants will be allocated to the warrants that we receive. This will generally result in “original issue discount” for tax purposes, which we must recognize as ordinary income, increasing the amount that we are required to distribute to qualify for the U.S. federal income tax benefits applicable to RICs. Because these warrants generally will not produce distributable cash for us at the same time as we are required to make distributions in respect of the related original issue discount, we would need to obtain cash from other sources or to pay a portion of our distributions using shares of newly issued common stock, consistent with Internal Revenue Service requirements, to satisfy such distribution requirements.

Other features of the debt instruments that we hold may also cause such instruments to generate an original issue discount, resulting in a distribution requirement in excess of current cash interest received. Since in certain cases we may recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income, we may have difficulty meeting the RIC tax requirement to distribute at least 90% of our net ordinary income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses, if any. Under such circumstances, we may have to sell some of our investments at times we would not consider advantageous, raise additional debt or equity capital or reduce new investment originations to meet these distribution requirements. If we are unable to obtain cash from other sources and are otherwise unable to satisfy such distribution requirements, we may fail to qualify for the U.S. federal income tax benefits allowable to RICs and, thus, become subject to a corporate-level U.S. federal income tax on all our income.

 

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The higher yields and interest rates on PIK securities reflects the payment deferral and increased credit risk associated with such instruments and that such investments may represent a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans. PIK securities may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require continuing judgments about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any associated collateral. PIK interest has the effect of generating investment income and increasing the incentive fees payable at a compounding rate. In addition, the deferral of PIK interest also increases the loan-to-value ratio at a compounding rate. PIK securities create the risk that incentive fees will be paid to the Adviser based on non-cash accruals that ultimately may not be realized, but the Adviser will be under no obligation to reimburse the Company for these fees.

Our board of directors is authorized to reclassify any unissued shares of common stock into one or more classes of preferred stock, which could convey special rights and privileges to its owners.

Under the Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter, our board of directors is authorized to classify and reclassify any authorized but unissued shares of stock into one or more classes of stock, including preferred stock. Prior to issuance of shares of each class or series, the board of directors is required by Maryland law and our charter to set the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to other distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption for each class or series. Thus, the board of directors could authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock with terms and conditions which could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change in control that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise be in their best interest. The cost of any such reclassification would be borne by our existing common stockholders. Certain matters under the 1940 Act require the separate vote of the holders of any issued and outstanding preferred stock. For example, holders of preferred stock would vote separately from the holders of common stock on a proposal to cease operations as a BDC. In addition, the 1940 Act provides that holders of preferred stock are entitled to vote separately from holders of common stock to elect two preferred stock directors. The issuance of shares of preferred stock convertible into shares of common stock might also reduce the net income and net asset value per share of our common stock upon conversion, provided, that we will only be permitted to issue such convertible preferred stock to the extent we comply with the requirements of Section 61 of the 1940 Act, including obtaining common stockholder approval. These effects, among others, could have an adverse effect on your investment in our common stock.

Provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law and of our charter and bylaws could deter takeover attempts and have an adverse impact on the price of our common stock.

The Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter and bylaws contain provisions that may discourage, delay or make more difficult a change in control of Solar Senior Capital or the removal of our directors. We are subject to the Maryland Business Combination Act, subject to any applicable requirements of the 1940 Act. Our board of directors has adopted a resolution exempting from the Maryland Business Combination Act any business combination between us and any other person, subject to prior approval of such business combination by our board, including approval by a majority of our disinterested directors. If the resolution exempting business combinations is repealed or our board of directors does not approve a business combination, the Maryland Business Combination Act may discourage third parties from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating such an offer. Our bylaws exempt from the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act acquisitions of our stock by any person. If we amend our bylaws to repeal the exemption from the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act, the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act also may make it more difficult for a third party to obtain control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating such a transaction. However, we will amend our bylaws to be subject to the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act only if our board of directors determines that it would be in our best interests and if the SEC staff does not object to our determination that our being subject to the Maryland Control Share Act does not conflict with the 1940 Act. The SEC staff has issued informal guidance setting forth its position that certain provisions of the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act would, if implemented, violate Section 18(i) of the 1940 Act.

 

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We have also adopted measures that may make it difficult for a third party to obtain control of us, including provisions of our charter classifying our board of directors in three classes serving staggered three-year terms, and authorizing our board of directors to classify or reclassify shares of our stock in one or more classes or series, to cause the issuance of additional shares of our stock and , to amend our charter without stockholder approval to increase or decrease the number of shares of stock that we have authority to issue. These provisions, as well as other provisions of our charter and bylaws, may delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control that might otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders.

The foregoing provisions are expected to discourage certain coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our board of directors. However, these provisions may deprive a stockholder of the opportunity to sell such stockholder’s shares at a premium to a potential acquirer. We believe that the benefits of these provisions outweigh the potential disadvantages of discouraging any such acquisition proposals because, among other things, the negotiation of such proposals may improve their terms. Our board of directors has considered both the positive and negative effects of the foregoing provisions and determined that they are in the best interest of our stockholders.

The failure in cyber security systems, as well as the occurrence of events unanticipated in our disaster recovery systems and management continuity planning could impair our ability to conduct business effectively.

The occurrence of a disaster such as a cyber attack, a natural catastrophe, an industrial accident, a terrorist attack or war, events unanticipated in our disaster recovery systems, or a support failure from external providers, could have an adverse effect on our ability to conduct business and on our results of operations and financial condition, particularly if those events affect our computer-based data processing, transmission, storage, and retrieval systems or destroy data. If a significant number of our managers were unavailable in the event of a disaster, our ability to effectively conduct our business could be severely compromised.

Our business relies on secure information technology systems. We depend heavily upon computer systems to perform necessary business functions. These systems are subject to potential attacks, including through adverse events that threaten the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our information resources (i.e. cyber attacks). Despite our implementation of a variety of security measures, our computer systems could be subject to cyber attacks and unauthorized access, such as physical and electronic break-ins or unauthorized tampering. Like other companies, we may experience threats to our data and systems, including malware and computer virus attacks, unauthorized access, system failures and disruptions. If one or more of these events occurs, it could potentially jeopardize the confidential, proprietary and other information processed and stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations, which could result in damage to our reputation, financial losses, litigation, increased costs, regulatory penalties and/or customer dissatisfaction or loss.

We can be highly dependent on information systems and systems failures could significantly disrupt our business, which may, in turn, negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to pay distributions.

Our business is highly dependent on our and third parties’ communications and information systems. Any failure or interruption of those systems, including as a result of the termination of an agreement with any third-party service providers, could cause delays or other problems in our activities. Our financial, accounting, data processing, backup or other operating systems and facilities may fail to operate properly or become disabled or damaged as a result of a number of factors including events that are wholly or partially beyond our control and adversely affect our business. There could be:

 

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sudden electrical or telecommunications outages;

 

 

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•

natural disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes and hurricanes;

 

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events arising from local or larger scale political or social matters, including terrorist acts; and

 

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cyber attacks.

These events, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.

Our board of directors may change our investment objective, operating policies and strategies without prior notice or stockholder approval.

Our board of directors has the authority to modify or waive certain of our operating policies and strategies without prior notice (except as required by the 1940 Act) and without stockholder approval. However, absent stockholder approval, we may not change the nature of our business so as to cease to be, or withdraw our election as, a BDC. We cannot predict the effect any changes to our current operating policies and strategies would have on our business, operating results and value of our stock. Nevertheless, the effects may adversely affect our business and impact our ability to make distributions.

Our business is subject to increasingly complex corporate governance, public disclosure and accounting requirements that could adversely affect our business and financial results.

We are subject to changing rules and regulations of federal and state government as well as the stock exchange on which our common stock is listed. These entities, including the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the SEC and the NASDAQ Stock Market, have issued a significant number of new and increasingly complex requirements and regulations over the course of the last several years and continue to develop additional regulations and requirements in response to laws enacted by Congress. Our efforts to comply with these existing requirements, or any revised or amended requirements, have resulted in, and are likely to continue to result in, an increase in expenses and a diversion of management’s time from other business activities.

Changes in laws or regulations governing our operations may adversely affect our business.

Changes in the laws or regulations, or the interpretations of the laws and regulations, which govern BDCs, RICs or non-depository commercial lenders could significantly affect our operations and our cost of doing business. We are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations and are subject to judicial and administrative decisions that affect our operations, including our loan originations, maximum interest rates, fees and other charges, disclosures to portfolio companies, the terms of secured transactions, collection and foreclosure procedures, and other trade practices. If these laws, regulations or decisions change, or if we expand our business into jurisdictions that have adopted more stringent requirements than those in which we currently conduct business, then we may have to incur significant expenses in order to comply or we may have to restrict our operations. In addition, if we do not comply with applicable laws, regulations and decisions, then we may lose licenses needed for the conduct of our business and be subject to civil fines and criminal penalties, any of which could have a material adverse effect upon our business results of operations or financial condition.

Our investment adviser can resign on 60 days’ notice, and we may not be able to find a suitable replacement within that time, resulting in a disruption in our operations that could adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations.

Our investment adviser has the right, under the Advisory Agreement, to resign at any time upon 60 days’ written notice, whether we have found a replacement or not. If our investment adviser resigns, we may not be able to find a new investment adviser or hire internal management with similar expertise and ability to provide the same or equivalent services on acceptable terms within 60 days, or at all. If we are unable to do so quickly, our operations are likely to experience a disruption, our financial condition, business and results of operations as

 

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well as our ability to pay distributions are likely to be adversely affected and the market price of our shares may decline. In addition, the coordination of our internal management and investment activities is likely to suffer if we are unable to identify and reach an agreement with a single institution or group of executives having the expertise possessed by our investment adviser and its affiliates. Even if we are able to retain comparable management, whether internal or external, the integration of such management and their lack of familiarity with our investment objective may result in additional costs and time delays that may adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations.

 

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts, but rather are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about Solar Senior Capital, our current and prospective portfolio investments, our industry, our beliefs, and our assumptions. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “would,” “should,” “targets,” “projects,” and variations of these words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus involve risks and uncertainties, including statements as to:

 

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our future operating results;

 

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our business prospects and the prospects of our portfolio companies;

 

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the impact of investments that we expect to make;

 

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our contractual arrangements and relationships with third parties;

 

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the dependence of our future success on the general economy and its impact on the industries in which we invest;

 

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the ability of our portfolio companies to achieve their objectives;

 

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our expected financings and investments;

 

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our breach of any of the covenants or other provisions in our debt agreements;

 

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the adequacy of our cash resources and working capital; and

 

•

the timing of cash flows, if any, from the operations of our portfolio companies.

These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors, some of which are beyond our control and difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in the forward-looking statements, including without limitation:

 

•

an economic downturn could impair our portfolio companies’ ability to continue to operate, which could lead to the loss of some or all of our investments in such portfolio companies;

 

•

a contraction of available credit and/or an inability to access the equity markets could impair our lending and investment activities;

 

•

interest rate volatility could adversely affect our results, particularly if we elect to use leverage as part of our investment strategy;

 

•

currency fluctuations could adversely affect the results of our investments in foreign companies, particularly to the extent that we receive payments denominated in foreign currency rather than U.S. dollars; and

 

•

the risks, uncertainties and other factors we identify in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus and in our filings with the SEC.

Although we believe that the assumptions on which these forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, any of those assumptions could prove to be inaccurate, and as a result, the forward-looking statements based on those assumptions also could be inaccurate. Important assumptions include our ability to originate new loans and investments, certain margins and levels of profitability and the availability of additional capital. In light of these and other uncertainties, the inclusion of a projection or forward-looking statement in this prospectus should not be regarded as a representation by us that our plans and objectives will be achieved. These risks and uncertainties include those described or identified in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this prospectus. However, we will update this prospectus to reflect any material changes to the information contained herein. The forward-looking statements and projections contained in this prospectus are excluded from the safe harbor protection provided by Section 27A of the Securities Act.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of our securities pursuant to this prospectus for general corporate purposes, which may include investing in debt or equity securities consistent with our investment objective, repayment of outstanding indebtedness, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes. We are continuously identifying, reviewing and, to the extent consistent with our investment objective, funding new investments. As a result, we typically raise capital as we deem appropriate to fund such new investments. The supplement to this prospectus relating to an offering will more fully identify the use of the proceeds from such offering.

We estimate that it will take three to six months for us to substantially invest the net proceeds of any offering made pursuant to this prospectus, depending on the availability of attractive opportunities and market conditions. However, we can offer no assurance that we will be able to achieve this goal. We expect that it may take more than three months to invest all of the proceeds of this offering, in part because investments in private companies often require substantial prior research and due diligence.

Pending such uses, we will invest the net proceeds primarily in cash, cash equivalents, and U.S. government securities and other high-quality debt investments that mature in one year or less from the date of investment. These securities may have lower yields than the types of investments we would typically make in accordance with our investment objective and, accordingly, may result in lower distributions, if any, during such period. See “Regulation as a Business Development Company — Temporary Investments” for additional information about temporary investments we may make while waiting to make longer-term investments in pursuit of our investment objective. The management fee payable by us to our investment adviser will not be reduced while our assets are invested in such securities.

 

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PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DISTRIBUTIONS

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “SUNS”. The following table sets forth, for each fiscal quarter during the last two fiscal years and the current fiscal year to date, the net asset value (“NAV”) per share of our common stock, the high and low closing sale prices for our common stock, such sale prices as a percentage of NAV per share and quarterly distributions per share.

 

						Price Range								Premium or (Discount) of High Closing Sale Price to NAV(2)				Premium or (Discount) of Low Closing Sale Price to NAV(2)				Declared Distributions(3)
		NAV(1)				High				Low
Fiscal 2017
Fourth Quarter (through October 3, 2017)			*			$	17.61			$	17.49				*				*			$	—
Third Quarter			*				17.63				16.10				*				*				0.3525
Second Quarter		$	16.79				18.34				16.65				9.2	%			(0.8	)%			0.3525
First Quarter			16.81				18.06				16.70				7.4				(0.7	)			0.3525
Fiscal 2016
Fourth Quarter		$	16.80			$	16.75			$	15.16				(0.3	)%			(9.8	)%		$	0.3525
Third Quarter			16.78				16.99				15.99				1.3				(4.7	)			0.3525
Second Quarter			16.76				16.28				14.31				(2.9	)			(14.6	)			0.3525
First Quarter			16.70				15.20				13.04				(9.0	)			(21.9	)			0.3525
Fiscal 2015
Fourth Quarter		$	16.33			$	15.97			$	14.62				(2.2	)%			(10.5	)%		$	0.3525
Third Quarter			17.06				16.11				14.22				(5.6	)			(16.6	)			0.3525
Second Quarter			17.55				16.68				15.36				(5.0	)			(12.5	)			0.3525
First Quarter			17.65				16.53				14.93				(6.3	)			(15.4	)			0.3525

 

(1)	Net asset value per share is determined as of the last day in the relevant quarter and therefore may not reflect the net asset value per share on the date of the high and low sales prices. The net asset values shown are based on outstanding shares at the end of each period.

(2)	Calculated as the respective high or low closing sales price divided by NAV and subtracting 1.

(3)	Represents the cash distribution declared for the specified quarter.

*	Not determinable at the time of filing.

On October 3, 2017, the last reported sales price of our common stock was $17.61 per share. As of October 3, 2017, we had 4 shareholders of record.

Shares of BDCs may trade at a market price that is less than the value of the net assets attributable to those shares. The possibility that our shares of common stock will trade at a discount from net asset value or at premiums that are unsustainable over the long term are separate and distinct from the risk that our net asset value will decrease. Since our IPO on February 24, 2011, our shares of common stock have traded at both a discount and a premium to the net assets attributable to those shares. As of October 3, 2017, our shares of common stock traded at a premium equal to approximately 4.9% of the net assets attributable to those shares based upon our net asset value as of June 30, 2017. It is not possible to predict whether the shares offered hereby will trade at, above, or below net asset value.

We intend to continue to make monthly distributions to our stockholders. Our monthly distributions, if any, will be determined by our board of directors.

We have elected to be taxed as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. To maintain our RIC status, we must distribute at least 90% of our ordinary income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net

 

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long-term capital losses, if any, out of the assets legally available for distribution. In addition, although we currently intend to distribute realized net capital gains (i.e., net long-term capital gains in excess of short-term capital losses), if any, at least annually, out of the assets legally available for such distributions, we may in the future decide to retain such capital gains for investment. See “Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.”

We maintain an “opt out” dividend reinvestment plan for our common stockholders. As a result, if we declare a distribution, then stockholders’ cash distributions will be automatically reinvested in additional shares of our common stock, unless they specifically “opt out” of the dividend reinvestment plan so as to receive cash distributions.

We may not be able to achieve operating results that will allow us to make distributions at a specific level or to increase the amount of these distributions from time to time. In addition, due to the asset coverage test applicable to us as a business development company, we may in the future be limited in our ability to make distributions. Also, our revolving credit facility may limit our ability to declare distributions if we default under certain provisions. If we do not distribute a certain percentage of our income annually, we will suffer adverse tax consequences, including possible loss of the tax benefits available to us as a regulated investment company. In addition, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and tax regulations, we include in income certain amounts that we have not yet received in cash, such as contractual payment-in-kind interest, which represents contractual interest added to the loan balance that becomes due at the end of the loan term, or the accrual of original issue or market discount. Since we may recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income, we may have difficulty meeting the requirement to distribute at least 90% of our investment company taxable income to obtain tax benefits as a regulated investment company.

With respect to the distributions to stockholders, income from origination, structuring, closing and certain other upfront fees associated with investments in portfolio companies are treated as taxable income and accordingly, distributed to stockholders.

We cannot assure stockholders that they will receive any distributions at a particular level.

All distributions declared in cash payable to stockholders that are participants in our dividend reinvestment plan are generally automatically reinvested in shares of our common stock. As a result, stockholders that do not participate in the dividend reinvestment plan may experience dilution over time. Stockholders who do not elect to receive distributions in shares of common stock may experience accretion to the net asset value of their shares if our shares are trading at a premium and dilution if our shares are trading at a discount. The level of accretion or discount would depend on various factors, including the proportion of our stockholders who participate in the plan, the level of premium or discount at which our shares are trading and the amount of the distribution payable to a stockholder.

The following table reflects the cash distributions, including dividends and returns of capital, if any, per share that we have declared on our common stock for the two most recent fiscal years and the current fiscal year to date:

 

Date Declared

Record Date

Payment Date

Amount

Fiscal 2017

September 14, 2017

September 22, 2017

October 3, 2017

$

0.1175

August 1, 2017

August 17, 2017

August 31, 2017

0.1175

July 6, 2017

July 20, 2017

August 1, 2017

0.1175

June 7, 2017

June 22, 2017

July 6, 2017

0.1175

May 2, 2017

May 18, 2017

June 2, 2017

0.1175

April 6, 2017

April 20, 2017

May 2, 2017

0.1175

February 22, 2017

March 23, 2017

April 4, 2017

0.1175

February 7, 2017

February 23, 2017

March 1, 2017

0.1175

January 5, 2017

January 19, 2017

February 1, 2017

0.1175

YTD Total (2017)

$

1.0575

 

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Date Declared		Record Date		Payment Date		Amount
Fiscal 2016
December 8, 2016		December 22, 2016		January 4, 2017		$	0.1175
November 2, 2016		November 23, 2016		December 1, 2016			0.1175
October 5, 2016		October 20, 2016		November 1, 2016			0.1175
September 12, 2016		September 22, 2016		October 4, 2016			0.1175
August 2, 2016		August 18, 2016		September 1, 2016			0.1175
July 7, 2016		July 21, 2016		August 2, 2016			0.1175
June 7, 2016		June 23, 2016		July 1, 2016			0.1175
May 3, 2016		May 19, 2016		June 2, 2016			0.1175
April 7, 2016		April 21, 2016		May 3, 2016			0.1175
February 24, 2016		March 24, 2016		April 1, 2016			0.1175
February 4, 2016		February 18, 2016		March 2, 2016			0.1175
January 7, 2016		January 21, 2016		February 2, 2016			0.1175
YTD Total (2016)						$	1.41
Fiscal 2015
December 2, 2015		December 17, 2015		January 5, 2016		$	0.1175
November 3, 2015		November 19, 2015		December 1, 2015			0.1175
October 7, 2015		October 22, 2015		November 3, 2015			0.1175
September 9, 2015		September 24, 2015		October 1, 2015			0.1175
August 4, 2015		August 20, 2015		September 1, 2015			0.1175
July 8, 2015		July 23, 2015		July 31, 2015			0.1175
June 9, 2015		June 25, 2015		July 1, 2015			0.1175
May 5, 2015		May 21, 2015		June 2, 2015			0.1175
April 9, 2015		April 23, 2015		May 1, 2015			0.1175
February 25, 2015		March 19, 2015		April 2, 2015			0.1175
February 3, 2015		February 19, 2015		February 27, 2015			0.1175
January 8, 2015		January 22, 2015		January 30, 2015			0.1175
Total (2015)						$	1.41

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with the Selected Financial and Other Data and our Financial Statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

Overview

Solar Senior, a Maryland corporation formed in December 2010, is a closed-end, externally managed, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act. Furthermore, as the Company is an investment company, it continues to apply the guidance in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 946. In addition, for tax purposes, the Company has elected to be regulated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code.

On February 24, 2011, we priced our initial public offering, selling 9.0 million shares, including the underwriters’ over-allotment, raising approximately $168 million in net proceeds. Concurrent with this offering, Solar Senior Capital Investors LLC, an entity controlled by Michael S. Gross, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Bruce Spohler, our Chief Operating Officer, purchased an additional 500,000 shares through a concurrent private placement, raising another $10 million.

On August 26, 2011, we established the Credit Facility with Citigroup Global Markets Inc. acting as administrative agent. In connection with the Credit Facility, our wholly-owned subsidiary, the SPV was formed. The Credit Facility, as amended, currently has an aggregate of $200 million of commitments available. It can also be expanded up to $600 million. The stated interest rate on the Credit Facility is LIBOR plus 2.00% with no LIBOR floor requirement and the current final maturity date is June 30, 2020. The Credit Facility is secured by all of the assets held by the SPV. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, Solar Senior Capital and the SPV, as applicable, have made certain customary representations and warranties, and are required to comply with various covenants, including leverage restrictions, reporting requirements and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. The Credit Facility also includes usual and customary events of default for credit facilities of this nature. The Credit Facility was amended on November 7, 2012, June 30, 2014 and May 29, 2015 to extend maturities and add greater investment flexibility, among other changes.

We invest primarily in privately held U.S. middle-market companies, where we believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. We define “middle market” to refer to companies with annual revenues between $50 million and $1 billion. Our investment objective is to seek to maximize current income consistent with the preservation of capital. We seek to achieve our investment objective by directly and indirectly investing in senior loans, including first lien, unitranche, and second lien debt instruments, made to private middle-market companies whose debt is rated below investment grade, which we refer to collectively as “senior loans.” We may also invest in debt of public companies that are thinly traded or in equity securities. Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the value of our net assets (including the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) will be invested in senior loans. Senior loans typically pay interest at rates which are determined periodically on the basis of a floating base lending rate, primarily LIBOR, plus a premium. Senior loans in which we invest are typically made to U.S. and, to a limited extent, non-U.S. corporations, partnerships and other business entities which operate in various industries and geographical regions. Senior loans typically are rated below investment grade. Securities rated below investment grade are often referred to as “leveraged loans,” “high yield” or “junk” securities, and may be considered “high risk” compared to debt instruments that are rated investment grade. In addition, some of our debt investments are not scheduled to fully amortize over their stated terms, which could cause us to suffer losses if the respective issuer of such debt investment is unable to refinance or repay their remaining indebtedness at maturity. While the Company does not typically seek to invest in traditional equity securities as part of its investment objective, the Company may occasionally acquire some equity securities in connection with senior loan investments and in certain other unique circumstances, such as the Company’s equity investments in Gemino and FLLP.

 

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We invest in senior loans made primarily to private, leveraged middle-market companies with approximately $20 million to $100 million of EBITDA. Our business model is focused primarily on the direct origination of investments through portfolio companies or their financial sponsors. Our direct investments in individual securities will generally range between $5 million and $30 million each, although we expect that this investment size will vary proportionately with the size of our capital base and/or strategic initiatives. In addition, we may invest a portion of our portfolio in other types of investments, which we refer to as opportunistic investments, which are not our primary focus but are intended to enhance our overall returns. These opportunistic investments may include, but are not limited to, direct investments in public companies that are not thinly traded and securities of leveraged companies located in select countries outside of the United States. We may invest up to 30% of our total assets in such opportunistic investments, including loans issued by non-U.S. issuers, subject to compliance with our regulatory obligations as a BDC under the 1940 Act. Our investment activities are managed by Solar Capital Partners and supervised by our board of directors, a majority of whom are non-interested, as such term is defined in the 1940 Act. Solar Capital Management provides the administrative services necessary for us to operate.

As of June 30, 2017, the Investment Adviser has directly invested approximately $6.3 billion in more than 270 different portfolio companies since 2006. Over the same period, the Investment Adviser completed transactions with more than 180 different financial sponsors.

Recent Developments

On July 6, 2017, the Board declared a monthly distribution of $0.1175 per share payable on August 1, 2017 to holders of record as of July 20, 2017.

On August 1, 2017, the Board declared a monthly distribution of $0.1175 per share payable on August 31, 2017 to holders of record as of August 17, 2017.

On September 14, 2017, the Board declared a monthly distribution of $0.1175 per share payable on October 3, 2017 to holders of record as of September 22, 2017.

Investments

Our level of investment activity can and does vary substantially from period to period depending on many factors, including the amount of debt and equity capital available to middle market companies, the level of merger and acquisition activity for such companies, the general economic environment and the competitive environment for the types of investments we make. As a BDC, we must not acquire any assets other than “qualifying assets” specified in the 1940 Act unless, at the time the acquisition is made, at least 70% of our total assets are qualifying assets (with certain limited exceptions). Qualifying assets include investments in “eligible portfolio companies.” The definition of “eligible portfolio company” includes certain public companies that do not have any securities listed on a national securities exchange and companies whose securities are listed on a national securities exchange but whose market capitalization is less than $250 million.

Revenue

We generate revenue primarily in the form of interest and dividend income from the securities we hold and capital gains, if any, on investment securities that we may sell. Our debt investments generally have a stated term of three to seven years and typically bear interest at a floating rate usually determined on the basis of LIBOR, commercial paper rate, or the prime rate. Interest on our debt investments is generally payable quarterly but may be monthly or semi-annually. In addition, our investments may provide PIK interest. Such amounts of accrued PIK interest are added to the cost of the investment on the respective capitalization dates and generally become due at maturity of the investment or upon the investment being called by the issuer. We may also generate revenue in the form of commitment, origination, structuring fees, fees for providing managerial assistance and, if applicable, consulting fees, etc.

 

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Expenses

All investment professionals of the investment adviser and their respective staffs, when and to the extent engaged in providing investment advisory and management services, and the compensation and routine overhead expenses of such personnel allocable to such services, are provided and paid for by Solar Capital Partners. We bear all other costs and expenses of our operations and transactions, including (without limitation):

 

•

the cost of our organization and public offerings;

 

•

the cost of calculating our net asset value, including the cost of any third-party valuation services;

 

•

the cost of effecting sales and repurchases of our shares and other securities;

 

•

interest payable on debt, if any, to finance our investments;

 

•

fees payable to third parties relating to, or associated with, making investments, including fees and expenses associated with performing due diligence reviews of prospective investments and advisory fees;

 

•

transfer agent and custodial fees;

 

•

fees and expenses associated with marketing efforts;

 

•

federal and state registration fees, any stock exchange listing fees;

 

•

federal, state and local taxes;

 

•

independent directors’ fees and expenses;

 

•

brokerage commissions;

 

•

fidelity bond, directors and officers errors and omissions liability insurance and other insurance premiums;

 

•

direct costs and expenses of administration, including printing, mailing, long distance telephone and staff;

 

•

fees and expenses associated with independent audits and outside legal costs;

 

•

costs associated with our reporting and compliance obligations under the 1940 Act and applicable federal and state securities laws; and

 

•

all other expenses incurred by either Solar Capital Management or us in connection with administering our business, including payments under the Administration Agreement that will be based upon our allocable portion of overhead and other expenses incurred by Solar Capital Management in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including rent, the fees and expenses associated with performing compliance functions, and our allocable portion of the costs of compensation and related expenses of our chief compliance officer and our chief financial officer and any administrative support staff.

We expect our general and administrative operating expenses related to our ongoing operations to increase moderately in dollar terms. During periods of asset growth, we generally expect our general and administrative operating expenses to decline as a percentage of our total assets and increase during periods of asset declines. Incentive fees, interest expense and costs relating to future offerings of securities, among others, may also increase or reduce overall operating expenses based on portfolio performance, interest rate benchmarks, and offerings of our securities relative to comparative periods, among other factors.

Portfolio and Investment Activity

During the three months ended June 30, 2017, we invested $31.5 million across 11 portfolio companies. This compares to investing $33.6 million in 13 portfolio companies for the three months ended June 30, 2016.

 

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Investments sold or prepaid during the three months ended June 30, 2017 totaled $29.6 million versus $21.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016.

At June 30, 2017, our portfolio consisted of 48 portfolio companies and was invested 80.3% in senior secured loans and 19.7% in common equity/equity interests/warrants (of which 9.4% is Gemino and 10.3% is FLLP) measured at fair value versus 52 portfolio companies invested 80.7% in senior secured loans and 19.3% in common equity/equity interests (of which 10.7% is Gemino and 8.6% is FLLP) at June 30, 2016.

At June 30, 2017, 96.5% or $362.1 million of our income producing investment portfolio* was floating rate and 3.5% or $13.1 million was fixed rate, measured at fair value. At June 30, 2016, 96.1% or $313.0 million of our income producing investment portfolio* was floating rate and 3.9% or $12.7 million was fixed rate, measured at fair value.

Since the initial public offering of Solar Senior on February 24, 2011 and through June 30, 2017, invested capital totaled approximately $1.1 billion in more than 120 portfolio companies. Over the same period, Solar Senior completed transactions with more than 75 different financial sponsors.

 

*	We have included FLLP and Gemino as 100% floating rate within our income producing investment portfolio.

Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC

We acquired Gemino FLLP (d/b/a Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare Finance) on September 30, 2013. Gemino is a commercial finance company that originates, underwrites, and manages primarily secured, asset-based loans for small and mid-sized companies operating in the healthcare industry. Our initial investment in Gemino was $32.8 million. The management team of Gemino co-invested in the transaction and continues to lead Gemino.

Concurrent with the closing of the transaction, Gemino entered into a new, four-year, non-recourse, $100.0 million credit facility with non-affiliates, which was expandable to $150.0 million under its accordion feature. Effective March 31, 2014, the credit facility was expanded to $105.0 million and again on June 27, 2014 to $110.0 million. On May 27, 2016, Gemino entered into a new $125.0 million credit facility which replaced the previously existing facility. The new facility has similar terms as compared to the previous facility and includes an accordion feature increase to $200.0 million and has a maturity date of May 27, 2020.

On December 31, 2013, we contributed our 32,839 units in Gemino to Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare LLC (“Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare”). In exchange for this contribution, we received 19,839 units of equity interests and $13.0 million in floating rate secured notes of Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare bearing interest at LIBOR plus 7.50%, maturing on December 31, 2018. However, our financial statements, including our schedule of investments, reflected our investments in Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare on a consolidated basis. On October 28, 2016, Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare was dissolved. As of June 30, 2017, Gemino’s management team and Solar Senior own approximately 7% and 93% of the equity in Gemino, respectively.

Gemino currently manages a highly diverse portfolio of directly-originated and underwritten senior-secured commitments. As of June 30, 2017, the portfolio totaled approximately $206.0 million of commitments, of which $120.7 million were funded, on total assets of $120.0 million. As of December 31, 2016, the portfolio totaled approximately $186.4 million of commitments, of which $114.4 million were funded, on total assets of $118.5 million. At June 30, 2017, the portfolio consisted of 36 issuers with an average balance of approximately $3.4 million versus 35 issuers with an average balance of approximately $3.3 million at December 31, 2016. All of the commitments in Gemino’s portfolio are floating-rate, senior-secured, cash-pay loans. Gemino’s credit facility, which is non-recourse to us, had approximately $85.0 million and $83.0 million of borrowings outstanding at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, Gemino had net income of $0.7 million and $1.0 million, respectively, on gross income of $2.8 million

 

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and $3.3 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, Gemino had net income of $1.4 million and $2.4 million, respectively, on gross income of $5.6 million and $7.1 million, respectively. Due to timing and non-cash items, there may be material differences between GAAP net income and cash available for distributions. As such, and subject to fluctuations in Gemino’s funded commitments, the timing of originations, and the repayments of financings, the Company cannot guarantee that Gemino will be able to maintain consistent dividend payments to us.

First Lien Loan Program LLC

On September 10, 2014, the Company entered into a limited liability company agreement to create a FLLP with Voya Investment Management LLC (“Voya”). Voya acts as the investment advisor for several wholly-owned insurance subsidiaries of Voya Financial, Inc. (NYSE: VOYA). The joint venture vehicle, structured as an unconsolidated Delaware limited liability company, is expected to invest primarily in senior secured floating rate term loans to middle market companies predominantly owned by private equity sponsors or entrepreneurs. Solar Senior and Voya have committed to provide $50.75 million and $7.25 million, respectively, of capital to the joint venture. All portfolio decisions and generally all other decisions in respect of the FLLP must be approved by an investment committee of the FLLP consisting of representatives of the Company and Voya (with approval from a representative of each required). On February 13, 2015, FLLP commenced operations. On February 13, 2015, FLLP as transferor and FLLP 2015-1, LLC, a newly formed wholly owned subsidiary of FLLP, as borrower entered into a $75.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility (the “FLLP Facility”) with Wells Fargo Securities, LLC acting as administrative agent. Solar Senior Capital Ltd. acts as servicer under the FLLP Facility. The FLLP Facility was scheduled to mature on February 13, 2020. The FLLP Facility generally bears interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a range of 2.25%-2.50%. FLLP and FLLP 2015-1, LLC, as applicable, have made certain customary representations and warranties, and are required to comply with various covenants, including leverage restrictions, reporting requirements and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. The FLLP Facility also includes usual and customary events of default for credit facilities of this nature. On August 15, 2016, the FLLP Facility was amended, expanding commitments to $100.0 million and extending the maturity date to August 16, 2021. There were $76.1 million and $75.9 million of borrowings outstanding as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, Solar Senior and Voya contributed combined equity capital in the amount of $47.1 million and $47.1 million, respectively. Of the $47.1 million of contributed equity capital at June 30, 2017, the Company contributed $29.6 million in the form of investments and $11.6 million in the form of cash and Voya contributed $5.9 million in the form of cash. As of June 30, 2017, Solar Senior and Voya’s remaining commitments totaled $9.6 million and $1.4 million, respectively. The Company, along with Voya, controls the funding of FLLP and FLLP may not call the unfunded commitments without approval of both the Company and Voya.

As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, FLLP had total assets of $122.4 million and $122.2 million, respectively. For the same periods, FLLP’s portfolio consisted of first lien floating rate senior secured loans to 25 and 25 different borrowers, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, FLLP invested $3.7 million across 6 portfolio companies and $7.2 million across 4 portfolio companies, respectively. Investments prepaid totaled $8.6 million and $6.2 million, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016. At June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the weighted average yield of FLLP’s portfolio was 6.9% and 6.6%, respectively, measured at fair value and 6.8% and 6.5%, respectively, measured at cost.

 

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FLLP Portfolio as of June 30, 2017 (in thousands)

 

Description		Industry		Spread Above Index(1)				LIBOR Floor				Interest Rate(2)				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value(3)
1A Smart Start LLC		Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components			L+475				1.00	%			6.05	%			2/21/22			$	7,880			$	7,821			$	7,880
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc.(4)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.55	%			12/30/22				3,593				3,559				3,575
Anesthesia Consulting & Management, LP(4)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.55	%			10/31/22				4,975				4,930				4,726
Capstone Logistics Acquisition, Inc.(4)		Professional Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.73	%			10/7/21				5,284				5,248				5,231
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.(4)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.73	%			4/19/22				5,473				5,424				5,418
DB Datacenter Holdings, Inc.(4)		IT Services			L+475				1.00	%			5.98	%			7/13/21				5,500				5,456				5,445
Empower Payments Acquisition, Inc. (RevSpring)(4)		Professional Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.80	%			11/30/23				4,602				4,516				4,556
Falmouth Group Holdings Corp. (AMPAC)(4)		Chemicals			L+675				1.00	%			8.05	%			12/14/21				5,458				5,458				5,458
Island Medical Management Holdings, LLC(4)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.68	%			9/1/22				4,593				4,547				4,547
Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, LLC (KBS)(4)		Commercial Services & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.23	%			10/29/21				2,438				2,421				2,425
MedRisk, LLC		Health Care Providers & Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.34	%			3/1/23				3,950				3,917				3,950
Metamorph US 3, LLC (Metalogix)(4)		Software			L+750	(5)			1.00	%			8.73	%			12/1/20				3,998				3,935				2,399
Ministry Brands, LLC(4)		Software			L+500				1.00	%			6.23	%			12/2/22				4,353				4,313				4,321
National Spine and Pain Centers, LLC		Health Care Providers & Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.56	%			6/2/24				3,000				2,985				2,985
Pet Holdings ULC & Pet Supermarket, Inc.		Specialty Retail			L+550				1.00	%			6.60	%			7/5/22				4,825				4,762				4,777
PSP Group, LLC (Pet Supplies Plus)(4)		Specialty Retail			L+475				1.00	%			6.05	%			4/6/21				5,326				5,292				5,312
QBS Holding Company, Inc. (Quorum)(4)		Software			L+475				1.00	%			5.92	%			8/7/21				3,263				3,240				3,214
Salient Partners, L.P.(4)		Asset Management			L+850				1.00	%			9.66	%			6/9/21				4,943				4,873				4,943
Sarnova HC, LLC		Trading Companies and Distributors			L+475				1.00	%			5.98	%			1/28/22				4,938				4,898				4,938
Suburban Broadband, LLC (Jab Wireless, Inc.) (4)		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.72	%			3/26/19				8,106				8,022				7,944
Telular Corporation		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+425				1.25	%			5.55	%			6/24/19				4,918				4,905				4,918
The Hilb Group, LLC & Gencorp Insurance Group, Inc.(4)		Insurance			L+475				1.00	%			6.05	%			6/24/21				3,895				3,834				3,856
Tronair Parent Inc.		Aerospace & Defense			L+475				1.00	%			5.84	%			9/8/23				4,963				4,917				4,950
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp. (Veritext)(4)		Professional Services			L+475				1.00	%			6.05	%			1/29/22				5,555				5,529				5,527
Wirb-Copernicus Group, Inc.(4)		Professional Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.30	%			8/12/22				5,958				5,907				5,958
																								$	120,709			$	119,253

 

(1)	Floating rate instruments accrue interest at a predetermined spread relative to an index, typically the LIBOR or PRIME rate. These instruments are typically subject to a LIBOR or PRIME rate floor.

(2)

Floating rate debt investments typically bear interest at a rate determined by reference to either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”) index rate or the prime index rate (PRIME or “P”), and which typically reset monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. For each debt investment we have provided the current interest rate in effect as of June 30, 2017.

(3)	Represents the fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 820. The determination of such fair value is not included in the Board’s valuation process described elsewhere herein.

(4)	The Company also holds this security on its Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

(5)	Spread is 5.50% Cash / 2.0% PIK.

 

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FLLP Portfolio as of December 31, 2016 (audited) (in thousands)

 

Description		Industry		Spread Above Index(1)				LIBOR Floor				Interest Rate(2)				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value(3)
1A Smart Start LLC		Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			2/21/22			$	7,920			$	7,855			$	7,920
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc.(4)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			12/30/22				3,456				3,422				3,422
Anesthesia Consulting & Management, LP(4)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			10/31/22				5,000				4,951				4,950
Capstone Logistics Acquisition, Inc.(4)		Professional Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			10/7/21				5,361				5,320				5,308
CIBT Holdings, Inc.(4)		Professional Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.25	%			6/28/22				2,620				2,596				2,594
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.(4)		Insurance			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			4/19/22				5,500				5,447				5,537
DB Datacenter Holdings, Inc.(4)		IT Services			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			7/13/21				5,500				5,450				5,417
Empower Payments Acquisition, Inc. (RevSpring) (4)		Professional Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			11/30/23				4,625				4,533				4,532
Falmouth Group Holdings Corp. (AMPAC)(4)		Chemicals			L+675				1.00	%			7.75	%			12/14/21				5,486				5,486				5,486
Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, LLC (KBS)(4)		Commercial Services & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			10/29/21				2,438				2,419				2,389
MedRisk, LLC		Health Care Providers & Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.25	%			3/1/23				3,970				3,934				3,970
Metamorph US 3, LLC (Metalogix)(4)		Software			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			12/1/20				4,000				3,928				2,860
Ministry Brands, LLC(4)		Software			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			12/2/22				2,746				2,719				2,719
Pearl Merger Sub, LLC (PetVet)(4)		Health Care Facilities			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			12/17/20				5,390				5,313				5,329
Pet Holdings ULC & Pet Supermarket, Inc.		Specialty Retail			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			7/5/22				4,538				4,474				4,481
PSP Group, LLC (Pet Supplies Plus)(4)		Specialty Retail			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			4/6/21				5,353				5,315				5,327
QBS Holding Company, Inc. (Quorum)(4)		Software			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			8/7/21				3,430				3,404				3,293
Salient Partners, L.P.(4)		Asset Management			L+850				1.00	%			9.50	%			6/9/21				5,154				5,073				5,025
Sarnova HC, LLC		Trading Companies and Distributors			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			1/28/22				4,963				4,919				4,962
Suburban Broadband, LLC (Jab Wireless, Inc.)(4)		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			3/26/19				8,168				8,060				8,086
Telular Corporation		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+425				1.25	%			5.50	%			6/24/19				5,063				5,047				5,051
The Hilb Group, LLC & Gencorp Insurance Group, Inc.(4)		Insurance			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			6/24/21				3,814				3,747				3,776
Tronair Parent Inc.		Aerospace & Defense			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			9/8/23				4,988				4,939				4,963
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp. (Veritext)(4)		Professional Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			1/29/22				4,481				4,443				4,459
Wirb-Copernicus Group, Inc.		Professional Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			8/12/22				5,486				5,434				5,431
																								$	118,228			$	117,287

 

(1)	Floating rate instruments accrue interest at a predetermined spread relative to an index, typically the LIBOR or PRIME rate. These instruments are typically subject to a LIBOR or PRIME rate floor.

(2)

Floating rate debt investments typically bear interest at a rate determined by reference to either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”) index rate or the prime index rate (PRIME or “P”), and which typically reset monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. For each debt investment we have provided the current interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2016.

(3)	Represents the fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 820. The determination of such fair value is not included in the Board’s valuation process described elsewhere herein.

(4)	The Company also holds this security on its Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

 

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Below is certain summarized financial information for FLLP as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016:

 

		June 30, 2017				December 31, 2016 (audited)
Selected Balance Sheet Information for FLLP (in thousands):
Investments at fair value (cost $120,709 and $118,228, respectively)		$	119,253			$	117,287
Cash and other assets			3,154				4,938
Total assets		$	122,407			$	122,225
Debt outstanding		$	76,088			$	75,941
Distributions payable			1,123				981
Interest payable and other credit facility related expenses			800				708
Accrued expenses and other payables			157				241
Total liabilities		$	78,168			$	77,871
Members’ equity		$	44,239			$	44,354
Total liabilities and members’ equity		$	122,407			$	122,225

 

		Three months ended June 30, 2017				Three months ended June 30, 2016				Six months ended June 30, 2017				Six months ended June 30, 2016
Selected Income Statement Information for FLLP (in thousands):
Interest income		$	2,093			$	1,540			$	4,100			$	2,883
Service fees*		$	19			$	16			$	39			$	30
Interest and other credit facility expenses			751				509				1,443				973
Other general and administrative expenses			48				51				40				86
Total expenses			818				576				1,522				1,089
Net investment income		$	1,275			$	964			$	2,578			$	1,794
Realized gain on investments			69				—				69				—
Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments			(314	)			295				(516	)			375
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments			(245	)			295				(447	)			375
Net income		$	1,030			$	1,259			$	2,131			$	2,169

 

*	Service fees are included within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as other income.

Solar Life Science Program LLC

On February 22, 2017, the Company and Solar Capital Ltd. formed LSJV with an affiliate of Deerfield Management. The Company committed $75.0 million to LSJV. As of June 30, 2017, LSJV has not commenced operations.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and revenues and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. We have

 

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identified the following items as critical accounting policies. Within the context of these critical accounting policies and disclosed subsequent events herein, we are not currently aware of any other reasonably likely events or circumstances that would result in materially different amounts being reported.

Valuation of Portfolio Investments

We conduct the valuation of our assets, pursuant to which our net asset value is determined, at all times consistent with GAAP, and the 1940 Act. Our valuation procedures are set forth in more detail below:

The Company conducts the valuation of its assets in accordance with GAAP and the 1940 Act. The Company generally values its assets on a quarterly basis, or more frequently if required. Investments for which market quotations are readily available on an exchange are valued at the closing price on the date of valuation. The Company may also obtain quotes with respect to certain of its investments from pricing services or brokers or dealers in order to value assets. When doing so, management determines whether the quote obtained is sufficient according to GAAP to determine the fair value of the investment. If determined adequate, the Company uses the quote obtained. Debt investments with maturities of 60 days or less shall each be valued at cost plus accreted discount, or minus amortized premium, which is expected to approximate fair value, unless such valuation, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser, does not represent fair value, in which case such investments shall be valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Board.

Investments for which reliable market quotations are not readily available or for which the pricing sources do not provide a valuation or methodology or provide a valuation or methodology that, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser or the Board does not represent fair value, each shall be valued as follows: (i) each portfolio company or investment is initially valued by the investment professionals responsible for the portfolio investment; (ii) preliminary valuations are discussed with senior management of the Investment Adviser; (iii) independent valuation firms engaged by, or on behalf of, the Board will conduct independent appraisals and review the Investment Adviser’s preliminary valuations and make their own independent assessment for (a) each portfolio investment that, when taken together with all other investments in the same portfolio company, exceeds 10% of estimated total assets, plus available borrowings, as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter, and (b) each portfolio investment that is presently in payment default; (iv) the Board will discuss the valuations and determine the fair value of each investment in our portfolio in good faith based on the input of the Investment Adviser and, where appropriate, the respective independent valuation firm.

The recommendation of fair value generally considers the following factors among others, as relevant: applicable market yields; the nature and realizable value of any collateral; the portfolio company’s ability to make payments; the portfolio company’s earnings and discounted cash flow; the markets in which the issuer does business; and comparisons to publicly traded securities, among others.

When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Company will consider the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate the valuation. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.

Investments are valued utilizing a market approach, an income approach, or both approaches, as appropriate. However, in accordance with ASC 820-10, certain investments that qualify as investment companies in accordance with ASC 946, may be valued using net asset value as a practical expedient for fair value. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities (including a business). The income approach uses valuation approaches to convert future amounts (for example, cash flows or earnings) to a single present amount (discounted). The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. In following these approaches, the types of factors that we may take into account in fair value pricing our investments include, as

 

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relevant: available current market data, including relevant and applicable market trading and transaction comparables, applicable market yields and multiples, security covenants, call protection provisions, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments, its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparisons of financial ratios of peer companies that are public, M&A comparables, and enterprise values, among other factors. When available, broker quotations and/or quotations provided by pricing services are considered as an input in the valuation process. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, there has been no change to the Company’s valuation approaches or techniques and the nature of the related inputs considered in the valuation process.

ASC Topic 820 classifies the inputs used to measure these fair values into the following hierarchy:

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, accessible by the Company at the measurement date.

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other observable inputs other than quoted prices.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

In all cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to each investment. The exercise of judgment is based in part on our knowledge of the asset class and our prior experience.

Determination of fair value involves subjective judgments and estimates. Accordingly, the notes to our consolidated financial statements express the uncertainty with respect to the possible effect of such valuations, and any change in such valuations, on our consolidated financial statements.

Valuation of Credit Facility

The Company has made an irrevocable election to apply the fair value option of accounting to the Credit Facility, in accordance with ASC 825-10. We believe accounting for the Credit Facility at fair value better aligns the measurement methodologies of assets and liabilities, which may mitigate certain earnings volatility.

Revenue Recognition

The Company records dividend income and interest, adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount, on an accrual basis. Investments that are expected to pay regularly scheduled interest and/or dividends in cash are generally placed on non-accrual status when principal or interest/dividend cash payments are past due 30 days or more and/or when it is no longer probable that principal or interest/dividend cash payments will be collected. Such non-accrual investments are restored to accrual status if past due principal and interest or dividends are paid in cash, and in management’s judgment, are likely to continue timely payment of their remaining interest or dividend obligations. Interest or dividend cash payments received on investments may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending upon management’s judgment. Some of our investments may have contractual PIK interest or dividends. PIK interest and dividends computed at the contractual rate are accrued into income and reflected as receivable up to the capitalization date. PIK investments offer issuers the option at each payment date of making payments in cash or in additional securities. When additional securities are received, they typically have the same terms, including maturity dates and interest rates as the original securities issued. On these payment dates, the Company capitalizes the accrued interest or dividends receivable (reflecting such amounts as the basis in the additional securities received). PIK generally becomes due at the maturity of the investment or upon the investment being called by the issuer. At the point the Company believes

 

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PIK is not expected to be realized, the PIK investment will be placed on non-accrual status. When a PIK investment is placed on non-accrual status, the accrued, uncapitalized interest or dividends is reversed from the related receivable through interest or dividend income, respectively. The Company does not reverse previously capitalized PIK interest or dividends. Upon capitalization, PIK is subject to the fair value estimates associated with their related investments. PIK investments on non-accrual status are restored to accrual status if the Company again believes that PIK is expected to be realized. Loan origination fees, original issue discount, and market discounts are capitalized and amortized into income using the interest method or straight-line, as applicable. Upon the prepayment of a loan, any unamortized loan origination fees are recorded as interest income. We record prepayment premiums on loans and other investments as interest income when we receive such amounts. Capital structuring fees are recorded as other income when earned.

The typically higher yields and interest rates on PIK securities, to the extent we invested, reflects the payment deferral and increased credit risk associated with such instruments and that such investments may represent a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans. PIK securities may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require continuing judgments about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any associated collateral. PIK interest has the effect of generating investment income and increasing the incentive fees payable at a compounding rate. In addition, the deferral of PIK interest also increases the loan-to-value ratio at a compounding rate. PIK securities create the risk that incentive fees will be paid to the Investment Adviser based on non-cash accruals that ultimately may not be realized, but the Investment Adviser will be under no obligation to reimburse the Company for these fees. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, capitalized PIK income totaled $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, capitalized PIK income totaled $0.0 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively.

Net Realized Gain or Loss and Net Change in Unrealized Gain or Loss

We generally measure realized gain or loss by the difference between the net proceeds from the repayment or sale and the amortized cost basis of the investment, without regard to unrealized appreciation or depreciation previously recognized, but considering unamortized origination or commitment fees and prepayment penalties. The net change in unrealized gain or loss reflects the change in portfolio investment values during the reporting period, including the reversal of previously recorded unrealized gain or loss, when gains or losses are realized. Gains or losses on investments are calculated by using the specific identification method.

Income Taxes

Solar Senior Capital, a U.S. corporation, has elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify for taxation as a RIC, the Company is required, among other things, to timely distribute to its stockholders at least 90% of investment company taxable income, as defined by the Code, for each year. Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a given tax year, we may choose to carry forward taxable income in excess of current year distributions into the next tax year and pay a 4% excise tax on such income, as required. To the extent that the Company determines that its estimated current year annual taxable income will be in excess of estimated current year distributions, the Company accrues an estimated excise tax, if any, on estimated excess taxable income.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In October 2016, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission adopted new rules and amended rules (together, “final rules”) interned to modernize the reporting and disclosure of information by registered investment companies. In part, the final rules amend Regulation S-X and require standardized, enhanced disclosure about derivatives in investment company financial statements, as well as other amendments. The compliance date for the amendments to Regulation S-X was August 1, 2017. The Company has evaluated the impact that the adoption of the amendments to Regulation S-X on its consolidated financial statements and

 

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disclosures and determined that the adoption of the amendments to Regulation S-X has not had a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows, which will amend FASB ASC 230. The amendments in this Update require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this Update apply to all entities that have restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents and are required to present a statement of cash flows under Topic 230. For public business entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-18 on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-19, Technical Corrections and Improvements. As part of this guidance, ASU 2016-19 amends FASB ASC 820 to clarify the difference between a valuation approach and a valuation technique. The amendment also requires an entity to disclose when there has been a change in either or both a valuation approach and/or a valuation technique. ASU 2016-19 is effective on a prospective basis for financial statements issued for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016 on a prospective basis. The Company has evaluated the impact of ASU 2016-19 on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures and determined that the adoption of ASU 2016-19 has not had a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities, which will amend FASB ASC 310-20. The amendments in this Update shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium, generally requiring the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. For public business entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2017-08 on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Results comparisons are for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016:

Investment Income

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, gross investment income totaled $7.7 million and $15.2 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, gross investment income totaled $6.7 million and $13.0 million, respectively. The increase in gross investment income for the year over year three and six month periods was primarily due to a larger average investment portfolio size year over year and to the continued growth of the FLLP portfolio.

Expenses

Net expenses totaled $2.0 million and $3.9 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, of which $1.1 million and $2.1 million, respectively, were gross base management fees and gross performance-based incentive fees and $0.9 million and $1.7 million, respectively, were interest and other credit facility expenses. Over the same periods, $0.7 million and $1.5 million, respectively, of base management fees were waived and $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, of performance-based incentive fees were waived. Administrative services and other general and administrative expenses totaled $0.8 million and $1.7 million,

 

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respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017. Net expenses totaled $2.6 million and $4.9 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, of which $1.3 million and $2.5 million, respectively, were gross base management fees and gross performance-based incentive fees and $0.9 million and $1.8 million, respectively, were interest and other credit facility expenses. Over the same periods, no base management fees were waived and $0.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively, of performance-based incentive fees were waived. Administrative services and other general and administrative expenses totaled $0.6 million and $1.3 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016. Expenses generally consist of management fees, performance-based incentive fees, administrative services expenses, insurance, legal expenses, directors’ expenses, audit and tax expenses, transfer agent fees and expenses, and other general and administrative expenses. Interest and other credit facility expenses generally consist of interest, unused fees, agency fees and loan origination fees, if any, among others. For the three and six month periods, the decrease in net expenses year over year is primarily due to a management fee waiver.

Net Investment Income

The Company’s net investment income totaled $5.7 million and $11.3 million, or $0.35 and $0.71, per average share, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017. The Company’s net investment income totaled $4.1 million and $8.1 million, or $0.35 and $0.71, per average share, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016.

Net Realized Gain

The Company had investment sales and prepayments totaling approximately $29.6 million and $85.5 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017. Net realized gains over the same periods were $0.04 million and $0.1 million, respectively. The Company had investment sales and prepayments totaling approximately $21.2 million and $39.0 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016. Net realized gains over the same periods were $0.02 million and $0.03 million, respectively. Net realized gains for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 were related to the sale of select assets. Net realized gains for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 were primarily related to the sales of CT Technologies Intermediate Holdings and Varsity Brands Holdings Co., Inc.

Net Change in Unrealized Gain (Loss)

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, net change in unrealized gain (loss) on the Company’s assets and liabilities totaled ($0.5) million and ($0.3) million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, net change in unrealized gain on the Company’s assets and liabilities totaled $0.6 million and $5.0 million, respectively. Net unrealized loss for the three months ended June 30, 2017 is primarily due to depreciation in the value of our investments in Gemino, Metamorph US 3, LLC, and Anesthesia Consulting & Management, LP, among others, partially offset by appreciation in Hostway Corporation, Aegis Toxicology Sciences Corporation and QBS Holding Company, Inc., among others. Net unrealized loss for the six months ended June 30, 2017 is primarily due to depreciation in the value of our investments in Metamorph US 3, LLC, Gemino and Anesthesia Consulting & Management, LP, among others, partially offset by appreciation in Hostway Corporation, Securus Technologies, Inc. and American Teleconferencing Services, Ltd., among others. Net unrealized gain for the three months ended June 30, 2016 is primarily due to appreciation in the value of our investments in Securus Technologies, Inc., Gemino and FLLP, among others, partially offset by depreciation in Trident USA Health Services, TwentyEighty, Inc., Hostway Corporation and Metamorph US 3, LLC, among others. Net unrealized gain for the six months ended June 30, 2016 is primarily due to appreciation in the value of our investments in Securus Technologies, Inc., Gemino, CGSC of Delaware Holdings Corp., Asurion, LLC, FLLP and Global Tel*Link Corporation, among others, partially offset by depreciation in Trident USA Health Services, Hostway Corporation, TwentyEighty, Inc. and Metamorph US 3, LLC, among others.

 

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Net Increase in Net Assets From Operations

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company had a net increase in net assets resulting from operations of $5.2 million and $11.1 million, respectively. For the same periods, earnings per average share were $0.33 and $0.70, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company had a net increase in net assets resulting from operations of $4.7 million and $13.1 million, respectively. For the same periods, earnings per average share were $0.41 and $1.13, respectively.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Results comparisons are for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

Investment Income

For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, gross investment income totaled $27.2 million, $25.4 million and $22.1 million, respectively. The increase in gross investment income from fiscal year 2015 to fiscal year 2016 is primarily due to growth of the income producing investment portfolio, including the continued growth of the FLLP portfolio. The increase in gross investment income from fiscal year 2014 to fiscal year 2015 is primarily due to the launch and subsequent growth of the FLLP portfolio.

Expenses

Net expenses totaled $8.9 million, $10.1 million and $8.3 million, respectively, for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, of which $2.9 million, $3.5 million and $3.1 million, respectively, were net base management fees and net performance-based incentive fees and $3.3 million, $4.2 million and $3.1 million, respectively, were interest and other credit facility expenses. Over the same periods, $0.8 million, $0.0 million and $0.0 million of base management fees were waived and $1.2 million, $0.7 million and $0.2 million of performance-based incentive fees were waived. Administrative services, insurance and other general and administrative expenses totaled $2.7 million, $2.4 million and $2.1 million, respectively, for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. Expenses generally consist of management fees, performance-based incentive fees, administrative services expenses, insurance, legal expenses, directors’ expenses, audit and tax expenses, transfer agent fees and expenses, and other general and administrative expenses. The decrease in net expenses for the year ended December 31, 2016 was primarily due to the waiver of base management fees as well as reduced interest costs from both lower average borrowing year over year and the lack of Credit Facility amendment costs in 2016. The increase in net expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015 was primarily due to higher interest costs, which included $0.8 million in expenses due to the Credit Facility amendment in May 2015, and higher management fees on a larger average portfolio over the course of the year as compared to the average portfolio size in 2014.

Net Investment Income

The Company’s net investment income totaled $18.3 million or $1.42 per average share, $15.4 million or $1.33 per average share and $13.8 million or $1.20 per average share, for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Net Realized Gain (Loss)

The Company had investment sales and prepayments totaling approximately $111.9 million, $135.3 million and $143.1 million, respectively, for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. Net realized gain (loss) for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 totaled $0.1 million, $0.02 million and ($0.6) million, respectively. Net realized gain for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 was primarily related

 

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to select sales of a few portfolio investments. Net realized gain for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 was related to modest sales of certain portfolio investments. Net realized loss for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 was primarily related to the sale of our investment in SLT Environmental.

Net Change in Unrealized Gain (Loss)

For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the net change in unrealized gain (loss) on the Company’s assets and liabilities totaled $5.9 million, ($14.3) million and ($1.5) million, respectively. Net unrealized gain for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 was primarily due to appreciation in the value of our investments in Securus Technologies, Inc., Gemino Healthcare Finance LLC and Global Tel*Link Corporation, among others. Partially offsetting the unrealized gains was depreciation in our investments in TwentyEighty, Inc., Metamorph US 3, LLC and Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC, among others. Net unrealized loss for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 was primarily due to technical market conditions and market uncertainty related to our investments in Securus Technologies, Inc. and Global Tel*Link Corporation. Net unrealized depreciation for fiscal 2014 was primarily due to a slight decline in market and fundamental conditions of certain investments.

Net Increase in Net Assets From Operations

For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company had a net increase in net assets resulting from operations of $24.3 million, $1.0 million and $11.7 million, respectively. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, earnings per average share were $1.88, $0.09 and $1.01, respectively.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The Company’s liquidity and capital resources are generally available through its Credit Facility, through periodic follow-on equity offerings, as well as from cash flows from operations, investment sales and pre-payments of investments. At June 30, 2017, the Company had $109.3 million in borrowings outstanding on its Credit Facility and $90.7 million of unused capacity, subject to borrowing base limits.

In September 2016, the Company closed a follow-on public equity offering of 4.5 million shares of common stock at $16.76 per share raising approximately $75.0 million in net proceeds. In the future, the Company may raise additional equity or debt capital, among other considerations. The primary uses of funds will be investments in portfolio companies, reductions in debt outstanding and other general corporate purposes. The issuance of debt or equity securities will depend on future market conditions, funding needs and other factors and there can be no assurance that any such issuance will occur or be successful.

We currently expect that our liquidity needs will be met with cash flows from operations, borrowings under our Credit Facility, including its accordion feature, as well as from other available financing activities.

Cash Equivalents

We deem certain U.S. Treasury bills, repurchase agreements and other high-quality, short-term debt securities as cash equivalents. The Company makes purchases that are consistent with its purpose of making investments in securities described in paragraphs 1 through 3 of Section 55(a) of the 1940 Act. From time to time, including at or near the end of each fiscal quarter, we consider using various temporary investment strategies for our business. One strategy includes taking proactive steps by utilizing cash equivalents as temporary assets with the objective of enhancing our investment flexibility pursuant to Section 55 of the 1940 Act. More specifically, from time-to-time we may purchase U.S. Treasury bills or other high-quality, short-term debt securities at or near the end of the quarter and typically close out the position on a net cash basis subsequent to quarter end. We may also utilize repurchase agreements or other balance sheet transactions, including drawing down on our credit facilities, as deemed appropriate. The amount of these transactions or such drawn cash for

 

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this purpose is excluded from total assets for purposes of computing the asset base upon which the management fee is determined. We held approximately $100 million in cash equivalents as of June 30, 2017.

Debt

Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility—On August 26, 2011, the Company established the SPV which entered into the Credit Facility with Citigroup Global Markets Inc. acting as administrative agent. On January 10, 2017, commitments to the Credit Facility, as amended, were increased from $175 million to $200 million by utilizing the accordion feature. It can also be expanded up to $600 million. The stated interest rate on the Credit Facility is LIBOR plus 2.00% with no LIBOR floor requirement and the current final maturity date is June 30, 2020. The Credit Facility is secured by all of the assets held by the SPV. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, Solar Senior Capital and the SPV, as applicable, have made certain customary representations and warranties, and are required to comply with various covenants, including leverage restrictions, reporting requirements and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. The Credit Facility also includes usual and customary events of default for credit facilities of this nature. The Credit Facility was amended on November 7, 2012, June 30, 2014 and May 29, 2015 to extend maturities and add greater investment flexibility, among other changes. At June 30, 2017, the Company was in compliance with all financial and operational covenants required by the Credit Facility.

Contractual Obligations

 

		Payments due by Period as of June 30, 2017 (dollars in millions)
		Total				Less than 1 year				1-3 years				3-5 years				More than 5 years
Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility (1)		$	109.3			$	—			$	—			$	109.3			$	—

 

(1)	At June 30, 2017, $90.7 million of capacity remained unused.

Information about our senior securities is shown in the following table (in thousands) as of each year ended December 31 since the Company commenced operations, unless otherwise noted. The “—” indicates information which the SEC expressly does not require to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities.

 

Class and Year		Total Amount Outstanding(1)				Asset Coverage Per Unit(2)				Involuntary Liquidating Preference Per Unit(3)				Average Market Value Per Unit(4)
Revolving Credit Facility
Fiscal 2017 (through June 30, 2017)		$	109,300			$	3,462			$	—				N/A
Fiscal 2016			98,300				3,738				—				N/A
Fiscal 2015			116,200				2,621				—				N/A
Fiscal 2014			143,200				2,421				—				N/A
Fiscal 2013			61,400				4,388				—				N/A
Fiscal 2012			39,100				5,453				—				N/A
Fiscal 2011			8,600				21,051				—				N/A

 

(1)	Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period presented.

(2)

The asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by senior securities representing indebtedness. This asset coverage ratio is multiplied by $1,000 to determine the Asset Coverage Per Unit. In order to determine the specific Asset Coverage Per Unit for each class of debt, the total Asset Coverage Per Unit was divided based on the amount outstanding at the end of the period for each. As of June 30, 2017, asset coverage was 346.2%.

 

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(3)	The amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon the involuntary liquidation of the issuer in preference to any security junior to it.

(4)	Not applicable, we do not have senior securities that are registered for public trading.

We have also entered into two contracts under which we have future commitments: the Advisory Agreement, pursuant to which Solar Capital Partners has agreed to serve as our investment adviser, and the Administration Agreement, pursuant to which Solar Capital Management has agreed to furnish us with the facilities and administrative services necessary to conduct our day-to-day operations and provide on our behalf managerial assistance to those portfolio companies to which we are required to provide such assistance. Payments under the Advisory Agreement are equal to (1) a percentage of the value of our average gross assets and (2) a two-part incentive fee. Payments under the Administration Agreement are equal to an amount based upon our allocable portion of the Administrator’s overhead in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including rent, technology systems, insurance and our allocable portion of the costs of our chief financial officer and chief compliance officer and their respective staffs. Either party may terminate each of the Advisory Agreement and Administration Agreement without penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other. See note 3 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

On September 10, 2014, FLLP entered into a servicing agreement with the Company. FLLP engaged and retained the Company to provide certain administrative services relating to the facilities, supplies and necessary ongoing overhead support services for the operation of FLLP’s ongoing business affairs in exchange for a fee. Either party may terminate this agreement upon 30 days’ written notice to the other.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company had unfunded debt and equity commitments to delayed draw and revolving loans as well as to Gemino. The total amount of these unfunded commitments as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is $20.5 million and $13.1 million, respectively, comprised of the following:

 

		June 30, 2017				December 31, 2016
(in millions)
Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC		$	5.0			$	5.0
PetVet Care Centers, LLC			4.9				—
MRI Software LLC			2.9				—
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC			1.7				1.7
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc			1.4				3.9
MHE Intermediate Holdings, LLC			1.2				—
Professional DataSolutions, Inc			1.1				—
The Hilb Group, LLC & Gencorp Insurance Group, Inc.			1.0				—
Island Medical Management Holdings, LLC			0.6				—
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp. (Veritext)			0.3				0.5
Ministry Brands, LLC			0.3				1.5
TwentyEighty, Inc			0.1				—
CIBT Holdings, Inc			—				0.5
Total Commitments*		$	20.5			$	13.1

 

*	The Company controls the funding of the Gemino commitment and may cancel it at its discretion (also see FLLP section in Item 7).

As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had sufficient cash available and/or liquid securities available to fund its commitments as well as the commitments to FLLP and LSJV disclosed earlier.

 

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In the normal course of its business, we invest or trade in various financial instruments and may enter into various investment activities with off-balance sheet risk, which may include forward foreign currency contracts. Generally, these financial instruments represent future commitments to purchase or sell other financial instruments at specific terms at future dates. These financial instruments contain varying degrees of off-balance sheet risk whereby changes in the market value or our satisfaction of the obligations may exceed the amount recognized in our Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

Distributions

The following table reflects the cash distributions per share on our common stock for the two most recent fiscal years and the current fiscal year to date:

 

Date Declared

Record Date

Payment Date

Amount

Fiscal 2017

September 14, 2017

September 22, 2017

October 3, 2017

$

0.1175

August 1, 2017

August 17, 2017

August 31, 2017

0.1175

July 6, 2017

July 20, 2017

August 1, 2017

0.1175

June 7, 2017

June 22, 2017

July 6, 2017

0.1175

May 2, 2017

May 18, 2017

June 2, 2017

0.1175

April 6, 2017

April 20, 2017

May 2, 2017

0.1175

February 22, 2017

March 23, 2017

April 4, 2017

0.1175

February 7, 2017

February 23, 2017

March 1, 2017

0.1175

January 5, 2017

January 19, 2017

February 1, 2017

0.1175

YTD Total (2017)

$

1.0575

Fiscal 2016

December 8, 2016

December 22, 2016

January 4, 2017

$

0.1175

November 2, 2016

November 23, 2016

December 1, 2016

0.1175

October 5, 2016

October 20, 2016

November 1, 2016

0.1175

September 12, 2016

September 22, 2016

October 4, 2016

0.1175

August 2, 2016

August 18, 2016

September 1, 2016

0.1175

July 7, 2016

July 21, 2016

August 2, 2016

0.1175

June 7, 2016

June 23, 2016

July 1, 2016

0.1175

May 3, 2016

May 19, 2016

June 2, 2016

0.1175

April 7, 2016

April 21, 2016

May 3, 2016

0.1175

February 24, 2016

March 24, 2016

April 1, 2016

0.1175

February 4, 2016

February 18, 2016

March 2, 2016

0.1175

January 7, 2016

January 21, 2016

February 2, 2016

0.1175

Total (2016)

$

1.41

Fiscal 2015

December 2, 2015

December 17, 2015

January 5, 2016

$

0.1175

November 3, 2015

November 19, 2015

December 1, 2015

0.1175

October 7, 2015

October 22, 2015

November 3, 2015

0.1175

September 9, 2015

September 24, 2015

October 1, 2015

0.1175

August 4, 2015

August 20, 2015

September 1, 2015

0.1175

July 8, 2015

July 23, 2015

July 31, 2015

0.1175

June 9, 2015

June 25, 2015

July 1, 2015

0.1175

May 5, 2015

May 21, 2015

June 2, 2015

0.1175

April 9, 2015

April 23, 2015

May 1, 2015

0.1175

February 25, 2015

March 19, 2015

April 2, 2015

0.1175

February 3, 2015

February 19, 2015

February 27, 2015

0.1175

January 8, 2015

January 22, 2015

January 30, 2015

0.1175

Total (2015)

$

1.41

 

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Tax characteristics of all distributions will be reported to shareholders on Form 1099 after the end of the calendar year. Future distributions, if any, will be determined by our Board. We expect that our distributions to stockholders will generally be from accumulated net investment income, from net realized capital gains or non-taxable return of capital, if any, as applicable.

We have elected to be taxed as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. To maintain our RIC status, we must distribute at least 90% of our ordinary income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses, if any, out of the assets legally available for distribution. In addition, although we currently intend to distribute realized net capital gains (i.e., net long-term capital gains in excess of short-term capital losses), if any, at least annually, out of the assets legally available for such distributions, we may in the future decide to retain such capital gains for investment.

We maintain an “opt out” dividend reinvestment plan for our common stockholders. As a result, if we declare a distribution, then stockholders’ cash distributions will be automatically reinvested in additional shares of our common stock, unless they specifically “opt out” of the dividend reinvestment plan so as to receive cash distributions.

We may not be able to achieve operating results that will allow us to make distributions at a specific level or to increase the amount of these distributions from time to time. In addition, due to the asset coverage test applicable to us as a business development company, we may in the future be limited in our ability to make distributions. Also, our revolving credit facility may limit our ability to declare distributions if we default under certain provisions. If we do not distribute a certain percentage of our income annually, we will suffer adverse tax consequences, including possible loss of the tax benefits available to us as a regulated investment company. In addition, in accordance with GAAP and tax regulations, we include in income certain amounts that we have not yet received in cash, such as contractual payment-in-kind interest, which represents contractual interest added to the loan balance that becomes due at the end of the loan term, or the accrual of original issue or market discount. Since we may recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income, we may have difficulty meeting the requirement to distribute at least 90% of our investment company taxable income to obtain tax benefits as a regulated investment company.

With respect to the distributions to stockholders, income from origination, structuring, closing and certain other upfront fees associated with investments in portfolio companies are treated as taxable income and accordingly, distributed to stockholders. For the six months ended June 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016, 14.8% and 10.9% of distributions were funded from the waiver of management and incentive fees.

Related Parties

We have entered into a number of business relationships with affiliated or related parties, including the following:

 

•

We have entered into the Advisory Agreement with Solar Capital Partners. Mr. Gross, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Mr. Spohler, our Chief Operating Officer and board member, are managing members and senior investment professionals of, and have financial and controlling interests in, the Investment Adviser. In addition, Mr. Peteka, our Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Corporate Secretary serves as the Chief Financial Officer for Solar Capital Partners.

 

•

The Administrator provides us with the office facilities and administrative services necessary to conduct day-to-day operations pursuant to our Administration Agreement. We reimburse the Administrator for the allocable portion of overhead and other expenses incurred by it in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including rent, the fees and expenses associated with performing compliance functions, and the compensation of our chief compliance officer, our chief financial officer and any administrative support staff.

 

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•

We have entered into a license agreement with the Investment Adviser, pursuant to which the Investment Adviser has granted us a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use the name “Solar Capital.”

The Investment Adviser may also manage other funds in the future that may have investment mandates that are similar, in whole and in part, with ours. For example, the Investment Adviser presently serves as investment adviser to Solar Capital Ltd., a publicly traded BDC, which focuses on investing in senior secured loans, including unitranche loans, mezzanine loans and equity securities. In addition, Michael S. Gross, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Bruce Spohler, our Chief Operating Officer, and Richard L. Peteka, our Chief Financial Officer, serve in similar capacities for Solar Capital Ltd. The Investment Adviser and certain investment advisory affiliates may determine that an investment is appropriate for us and for one or more of those other funds. In such event, depending on the availability of such investment and other appropriate factors, the Investment Adviser or its affiliates may determine that we should invest side-by-side with one or more other funds. Any such investments will be made only to the extent permitted by applicable law and interpretive positions of the SEC and its staff, and consistent with the Investment Adviser’s allocation procedures.

Related party transactions may occur between Solar Senior Capital Ltd. and Gemino, between Solar Senior Capital Ltd. and FLLP, between Solar Senior Capital Ltd. and Solar Life Science Program LLC and between Solar Senior Capital Ltd. and FLLP 2015-1, LLC. These transactions may occur in the normal course of business. No administrative fees are paid to Solar Capital Partners by Gemino, Solar Life Science Program LLC or FLLP.

In addition, we have adopted a formal code of ethics that governs the conduct of our officers and directors. Our officers and directors also remain subject to the duties imposed by both the 1940 Act and the Maryland General Corporation Law.

 

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SENIOR SECURITIES

Information about our senior securities is shown in the following table as of June 30, 2017 and each year ended December 31 since the Company commenced operations unless otherwise noted. The report of our independent registered public accounting firm on the senior securities table as of each year ended as of December 31 since the Company commenced operations unless otherwise noted, is attached as, or incorporated by reference to, an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. The “—” indicates information which the SEC expressly does not require to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities.

 

Class and Year		Total Amount Outstanding Exclusive of Treasury Securities(1) (in thousands)				Asset Coverage Per Unit(2)				Involuntary Liquidation Preference Per Unit(3)				Average Market Value Per Unit(4)
Revolving Credit Facility
Fiscal 2017 (through June 30, 2017)		$	109,300			$	3,462			$	—				N/A
Fiscal 2016			98,300				3,738				—				N/A
Fiscal 2015			116,200				2,621				—				N/A
Fiscal 2014			143,200				2,421				—				N/A
Fiscal 2013			61,400				4,388				—				N/A
Fiscal 2012			39,100				5,453				—				N/A
Fiscal 2011			8,600				21,051				—				N/A

 

(1)	Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period presented.

(2)

The asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by senior securities representing indebtedness. This asset coverage ratio is multiplied by $1,000 to determine the Asset Coverage Per Unit. In order to determine the specific Asset Coverage Per Unit for each class of debt, the total Asset Coverage Per Unit was divided based on the amount outstanding at the end of the period for each. As of June 30, 2017, asset coverage was 346.2%.

(3)	The amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon the involuntary liquidation of the issuer in preference to any security junior to it.

(4)	Not applicable, we do not have senior securities that are registered for public trading.

 

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BUSINESS

Solar Senior Capital

Solar Senior Capital, a Maryland corporation formed in December 2010, is a closed-end, externally managed, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act. Furthermore, as the Company is an investment company, it continues to apply the guidance in FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 946. In addition, for tax purposes we have elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code.

On February 24, 2011, we priced our IPO, selling 9.0 million shares of our common stock, including the underwriters’ over-allotment, raising approximately $168 million in net proceeds. Concurrent with this offering, Solar Senior Capital Investors LLC, an entity controlled by Michael S. Gross, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Bruce Spohler, our Chief Operating Officer, purchased an additional 500,000 shares of our common stock through the Concurrent Private Placement, raising another $10 million.

On August 26, 2011, we established the Credit Facility with Citigroup Global Markets Inc. acting as administrative agent. In connection with the Credit Facility, our wholly-owned subsidiary, the SPV was formed. The Credit Facility, as amended, currently has an aggregate of $200 million of commitments available. It can also be expanded up to $600 million. The stated interest rate on the Credit Facility is LIBOR plus 2.00% with no LIBOR floor requirement and the current final maturity date is June 30, 2020. The Credit Facility is secured by all of the assets held by the SPV. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, Solar Senior Capital and the SPV, as applicable, have made certain customary representations and warranties, and are required to comply with various covenants, including leverage restrictions, reporting requirements and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. The Credit Facility also includes usual and customary events of default for credit facilities of this nature. The Credit Facility was amended on November 7, 2012, June 30, 2014 and May 29, 2015 to extend maturities and add greater investment flexibility, among other changes.

We invest primarily in privately held U.S. middle-market companies, where we believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. We define “middle market” to refer to companies with annual revenues between $50 million and $1 billion. Our investment objective is to seek to maximize current income consistent with the preservation of capital. We seek to achieve our investment objective by directly and indirectly investing in senior loans, including first lien, unitranche, and second lien debt instruments, made to private middle-market companies whose debt is rated below investment grade, which we refer to collectively as “senior loans.” We may also invest in debt of public companies that are thinly traded or in equity securities. Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the value of our net assets (including the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) will be invested in senior loans. Senior loans typically pay interest at rates which are determined periodically on the basis of a floating base lending rate, primarily LIBOR, plus a premium. Senior loans in which we invest are typically made to U.S. and, to a limited extent, non-U.S. corporations, partnerships and other business entities which operate in various industries and geographical regions. Senior loans typically are rated below investment grade. In addition, some of our debt investments are not scheduled to fully amortize over their stated terms, which could cause us to suffer losses if the respective issuer of such debt investment is unable to refinance or repay their remaining indebtedness at maturity. Securities rated below investment grade are often referred to as “leveraged loans,” “high yield” or “junk” securities, and may be considered “high risk” compared to debt instruments that are rated investment grade. While the Company does not typically seek to invest in equity securities as part of its investment objective, the Company may occasionally acquire some equity securities in connection with senior loan investments and in certain other unique circumstances, such as the Company’s equity investments in Gemino and FLLP.

We invest in senior loans made primarily to private leveraged middle-market companies with approximately $20 million to $100 million of EBITDA. Our business model is focused primarily on the direct origination of investments through portfolio companies or their financial sponsors. Our direct investments in individual securities generally range between $5 million and $30 million each, although we expect that this investment size will vary with the size of our capital base and/or strategic initiatives. In addition, we may invest a portion of our

 

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portfolio in other types of investments, which we refer to as opportunistic investments, which are not our primary focus but are intended to enhance our overall returns. These opportunistic investments may include, but are not limited to, direct investments in public companies that are not thinly traded and securities of leveraged companies located in select countries outside of the United States. We may invest up to 30% of our total assets in such opportunistic investments, including loans issued by non-U.S. issuers, subject to compliance with our regulatory obligations as a BDC under the 1940 Act. Our investment activities are managed by Solar Capital Partners and supervised by our board of directors, a majority of whom are non-interested, as such term is defined in the 1940 Act. Solar Capital Management provides the administrative services necessary for us to operate.

As of June 30, 2017, our investment portfolio totaled $375.3 million and our net asset value was $269.1 million. Our portfolio was comprised of debt and equity investments in 48 portfolio companies.

During the three months ended June 30, 2017, we invested approximately $31.5 million across 11 portfolio companies. Investments sold or prepaid during the three months ended June 30, 2017 totaled $29.6 million.

About Solar Capital Partners

Solar Capital Partners, our investment adviser, is controlled and led by Michael S. Gross, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Bruce Spohler, our Chief Operating Officer. They are supported by a team of dedicated investment professionals. Solar Capital Partners’ investment team has extensive experience in leveraged lending and private equity, as well as significant contacts with financial sponsors.

In addition, Solar Capital Partners serves as investment adviser to Solar Capital Ltd., or “Solar Capital”, a publicly traded BDC with approximately $2.3 billion of investable capital that invests in the senior debt securities, including unitranche loans, mezzanine loans and equity securities of leveraged middle-market companies similar to those we target for investment. Through June 30, 2017 the investment team led by Messrs. Gross and Spohler has invested approximately $6.3 billion in more than 270 different portfolio companies for both Solar Capital and Solar Senior Capital, collectively, which investments involved in an aggregate of more than 180 different financial sponsors. As of October 3, 2017, Mr. Gross and Mr. Spohler beneficially owned, either directly or indirectly, approximately 5.3% and 3.3%, respectively, of our outstanding common stock.

Mr. Gross has over 25 years of experience in the private equity, distressed debt and mezzanine businesses and has been involved in originating, structuring, negotiating, consummating and managing private equity, distressed debt and mezzanine lending (i.e., actually or structurally subordinated) as well as other investment types. Prior to his current role as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Solar Capital, Mr. Gross founded Apollo Investment Corporation, a publicly traded business development company. He served as its chairman from February 2004 to July 2006 and its chief executive officer from February 2004 to February 2006. Under his management, Apollo Investment Corporation raised approximately $930 million in gross proceeds in an initial public offering in April 2004, built a dedicated investment team and infrastructure and invested approximately $2.3 billion in over 65 companies in conjunction with 50 different private equity sponsors. Mr. Gross is also a founder and a former senior partner of Apollo Management, L.P., a leading private equity firm. During his tenure at Apollo Management, L.P., Mr. Gross was a member of the investment committee that was responsible for overseeing more than $13 billion of investments in over 150 companies.

Mr. Gross also currently serves on the boards of directors of three public companies, and in the past has served on the boards of directors of more than 20 public and private companies. As a result, Mr. Gross has developed an extensive network of private equity sponsor relationships as well as relationships with management teams of public and private companies, investment bankers, attorneys and accountants that we believe should provide us with significant business opportunities.

 

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We also rely on the over 25 years of experience of Mr. Spohler, who has served as our Chief Operating Officer and a partner of Solar Capital Partners since its inception. Previously, Mr. Spohler was a managing director and a former co-head of U.S. Leveraged Finance for CIBC World Markets. He held numerous senior roles at CIBC World Markets, including serving on the U.S. Management Committee, Global Executive Committee and the Deals Committee, which approves all of CIBC World Markets’ U.S. corporate finance debt capital decisions. During Mr. Spohler’s tenure, he was responsible for senior loan, high yield and mezzanine origination and execution, as well as CIBC World Markets’ below investment grade loan portfolio in the United States. As a co-head of U.S. Leveraged Finance, Mr. Spohler oversaw over 300 capital raising and merger and acquisition transactions, comprising over $40 billion in market capitalization.

Solar Capital Partners’ senior investment professionals have been active participants in the primary and secondary leveraged credit markets throughout their careers. They have effectively managed portfolios of senior loans and mezzanine debt as well as other investment types. The depth of their experience and credit market expertise has led them through various stages of the economic cycle as well as several market disruptions.

Market Opportunity

Solar Senior Capital invests primarily in senior loans of private middle-market leveraged companies organized and located in the United States. We believe that the size of this market, coupled with leveraged companies’ need for flexible sources of capital at attractive terms and rates, creates an attractive investment environment for us.

 

•

Middle-market companies have faced increasing difficulty in accessing the capital markets. While many middle-market companies were formerly able to raise funds by issuing high-yield bonds, we believe this approach to financing has become more difficult in recent years as institutional investors have sought to invest in larger, more liquid offerings. In addition, many private finance companies that historically financed their lending and investing activities through securitization transactions have lost that source of funding and reduced lending significantly. Moreover, consolidation of lenders and market participants and the illiquid nature of investments have resulted in fewer middle-market lenders and market participants.

 

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There is a large pool of uninvested private equity capital likely to seek additional senior debt capital to support their investments. We believe there is more than $500 billion of uninvested private equity seeking debt financing to support acquisitions. We expect that middle-market private equity firms will continue to invest the over $185 billion raised since 2000 in middle-market companies and that those private equity firms will seek to support their investments with senior loans from other sources such as Solar Senior Capital.

 

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The significant amount of leveraged loans maturing through 2018 should provide additional demand for senior debt capital. A high volume of financings were completed between the years 2004 and 2007, which are expected to mature over the next few years. We believe that this supply of prospective lending opportunities coupled with a lack of available credit in the middle-market lending space may offer attractive risk-adjusted returns to investors. Risk-adjusted return compares returns against the amount of risk incurred. The term “risk-adjusted return” does not imply that an investment is no risk or low risk.

 

•

Investing in private middle-market senior secured debt provides an attractive risk reward profile. In general, terms for illiquid, middle-market subordinated debt have been more attractive than those for larger corporations which are typically more liquid. We believe this is because fewer institutions are able to invest in illiquid asset classes.

 

•

The decrease in competition and continued robust supply provide us with significant leverage in negotiating terms for private middle-market senior debt financings. Due to the factors listed above, we believe we will be able to negotiate favorable terms. Such favorable terms may include higher debt yields with LIBOR floors and lower leverage levels with more significant covenant protection than typical transactions involving larger companies.

 

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Therefore, we believe that there is an attractive opportunity to invest in senior loans of leveraged companies and that we are well positioned to serve this market.

Competitive Advantages and Strategy

We believe that we have the following competitive advantages over other providers of financing to leveraged companies:

Management Expertise

As managing partner, Mr. Gross has principal management responsibility for Solar Capital Partners, to which he currently dedicates substantially all of his time. Mr. Gross has over 25 years of experience in leveraged finance, private equity and distressed debt investing. Mr. Spohler, our chief operating officer and a partner of Solar Capital Partners, has over 25 years of experience in evaluating and executing leverage finance transactions. We believe that Messrs. Gross and Spohler have developed a strong reputation in the capital markets, and that this experience provides us with a competitive advantage in identifying and investing in leveraged companies with the potential to generate returns. We believe that our investment team has extensive experience in the private equity and leveraged lending industries, as well as significant contacts with financial sponsors operating in those industries. We believe that our investment team has a proven track record of valuing companies and assets and negotiating transactions.

Solar Capital Partners’ senior investment professionals have been active participants in the primary and secondary leveraged credit markets throughout their careers. They have effectively managed portfolios of distressed and mezzanine (i.e., actually or structurally subordinated) debt as well as other investment types. The depth of their experience and credit market expertise has led them through various stages of the economic cycle as well as several market disruptions.

Proprietary Sourcing and Origination

We believe that Solar Capital Partners’ senior investment professionals’ longstanding relationships with financial sponsors, commercial and investment banks, management teams and other financial intermediaries provide us with a strong pipeline of origination opportunities. We believe the broad expertise of Solar Capital Partners’ senior investment professionals and their ability to draw upon their average of over 20 years of investment experience enable us to identify, assess and structure investments successfully. We expect to continue leveraging the over 100 relationships with middle-market sponsors that Solar Capital Partners’ investment team established while sourcing and originating investments for Solar Capital, which gives us access to deals that are not available through large syndication processes.

We believe our investment team’s strong relationship network is enhanced by the collaborative role Solar Senior Capital plays in the private equity industry, similar to our investment team’s efforts on behalf of Solar Capital. Similar to Solar Capital, we offer tailored solutions to our portfolio companies, and we believe that this role provides us with greater deal flow as opposed to being viewed as a competitor bidding for control stakes. Because Solar Senior Capital is not associated with a private equity firm, we are not precluded from partnering with most of the top tier financial sponsors.

These direct investments enable us to perform more in-depth due diligence and play an active role in structuring financings. We believe that effectuating the transaction terms and having greater insight into a portfolio company’s operations and financial picture assists Solar Senior Capital in minimizing downside potential, while reinforcing Solar Senior Capital as a trusted partner who delivers comprehensive financing solutions. For example, Solar Capital Partners has sourced investments in more than 270 different portfolio companies for both Solar Capital and Solar Senior Capital, collectively, which investments involved more than 180 different financial sponsors, through June 30, 2017.

 

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Versatile Transaction Structuring and Flexibility of Capital

We believe Solar Capital Partners’ senior investment team’s broad expertise and ability to draw upon its extensive experience enable us to identify, assess and structure investments successfully and to manage potential risk and return at all stages of the economic cycle. The attempt to manage risk does not imply no risk or low risk. While we are subject to significant regulation as a BDC, we are not subject to many of the regulatory limitations that govern traditional lending institutions such as banks. As a result, we believe that we can be more flexible than such lending institutions in selecting and structuring investments, adjusting investment criteria and building transaction structures. We believe financial sponsors, management teams and investment banks see this flexibility as a benefit, making us an attractive financing partner.

Emphasis on Achieving Strong Risk-Adjusted Returns

Solar Capital Partners uses a structured investment and risk management process that emphasizes research and analysis. Solar Capital Partners seeks to build our portfolio on a “bottom-up” basis, choosing and sizing individual positions based on their relative risk/reward profiles as a function of the associated downside risk, volatility, correlation with the existing portfolio and liquidity. At the same time, Solar Capital Partners takes into consideration a variety of factors in managing our portfolio and imposes portfolio-based risk constraints promoting a more diverse portfolio of investments and limiting issuer and industry concentration. Our value-oriented investment philosophy focuses on preserving capital and ensuring that our investments have an appropriate return profile in relation to risk. When market conditions make it difficult for us to invest according to our criteria, we are highly selective in deploying our capital. We do not pursue short-term origination targets. We believe this approach will enable us to build an attractive investment portfolio that meets our return and value criteria over the long term.

We believe it is critical to conduct extensive due diligence on investment targets. In evaluating new investments we, through Solar Capital Partners, conduct due diligence processes that draw upon the investment experience, industry expertise and network of contacts of our senior investment professionals, as well as the other members of our investment team. Among other things, our due diligence focuses on asset coverage, as well as a prospective portfolio company’s ability to meet its debt service obligations. We also focus on downside protection and preservation of capital throughout the structuring process.

Deep Industry Focus with Substantial Information Flow

We concentrate our investing activities in industries characterized by strong cash flow and in which Solar Capital Partners’ investment professionals have deep investment experience. During his time with Apollo Investment Corporation and related entities, Mr. Gross oversaw investments in over 200 companies in 20 industries. As a result of their investment experience, Messrs. Gross and Spohler, together with Solar Capital Partners’ other investment professionals, have long-term relationships with management consultants and management teams in the industries we target, as well as substantial information concerning those industries. Solar Capital Partners’ investment team also has significant experience in evaluating and making investments in the industries we target. We believe that the in-depth experience of Solar Capital Partners’ investment team in investing throughout various stages of the economic cycle provides our investment adviser with access to ongoing market insights in addition to a powerful asset for investment sourcing.

Longer Investment Horizon

Unlike private equity and venture capital funds, we are not subject to standard periodic capital return requirements. Such requirements typically stipulate that the capital of these funds, together with any capital gains on such invested funds, can only be invested once and must be returned to investors after a pre-agreed time period. We believe that our flexibility to make investments with a long-term view and without the capital return requirements of traditional private investment vehicles enables us to invest in private middle-market senior debt, which we believe provides a more attractive investment profile than the liquid senior debt market for larger companies. We also believe our longer investment horizon enables us to be a better long-term partner for our portfolio companies.

 

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Investment Strategy

Solar Senior Capital seeks to create a diverse portfolio of senior loans by investing approximately $5 million to $30 million of capital, on average, in the individual securities of leveraged companies, including middle-market companies. We expect that this investment size will vary proportionately with the size of our capital base and/or for strategic initiatives. We may also invest in debt of public companies that are thinly traded. Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the value of our net assets (including the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) will be invested in senior loans.

Senior loans typically pay interest at rates which are determined periodically on the basis of a floating base lending rate, primarily LIBOR, plus a premium. Senior loans in which we invest are typically made to U.S. and, to a limited extent, non-U.S. corporations, partnerships and other business entities which operate in various industries and geographical regions. Senior loans typically are rated below investment grade. Securities rated below investment grade are often referred to as “leveraged loans,” “high yield” or “junk” securities, and may be considered “high risk” compared to debt instruments that are rated investment grade. Senior loans, however are generally less risky than subordinated debt, bearing lower leverage and higher recovery statistics. In addition, some of our debt investments are not scheduled to fully amortize over their stated terms, which could cause us to suffer losses if the respective issuer of such debt investment is unable to refinance or repay their remaining indebtedness at maturity. In addition, many of our debt investments are not scheduled to fully amortize over their stated terms, which could cause us to suffer losses if the respective issuer of such debt investment is unable to refinance or repay their remaining indebtedness at maturity.

In addition to senior loans, we may invest a portion of our portfolio in opportunistic investments, which are not our primary focus, but are intended to enhance our returns to stockholders. These investments may include similar direct investments in public companies that are not thinly traded and securities of leveraged companies located in select countries outside of the United States. We may invest up to 30% of our total assets in such opportunistic investments, including loans issued by non-U.S. issuers, subject to compliance with our regulatory obligations as a BDC under the 1940 Act. See “Regulation as a Business Development Company.”

We currently borrow funds under the Credit Facility and may borrow additional funds to make investments. As a result, we are exposed to the risks of leverage, which may be considered a speculative investment technique. The use of leverage magnifies the potential for loss on amounts invested and therefore increases the risks associated with investing in our securities. In addition, the costs associated with our borrowings, including any increase in management fees payable to our investment adviser, Solar Capital Partners, will be borne by our common stockholders.

Additionally, we may in the future seek to securitize our loans to generate cash for funding new investments. To securitize loans, we may create a wholly or partially owned subsidiary and contribute a pool of loans to the subsidiary. This could include the sale of interests in the subsidiary on a non-recourse basis to purchasers who we would expect to be willing to accept a lower interest rate to invest in investment grade loan pools, and we would retain a portion of the equity in the securitized pool of loans.

Moreover, we may acquire investments in the secondary market and, in analyzing such investments, we expect to employ the same or similar analytical process as we use for our primary investments.

We may utilize instruments such as forward contracts, currency options and interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors to seek to hedge against fluctuations in the relative values of our portfolio positions from changes in currency exchange rates and market interest rates. Hedging against a decline in the values of our portfolio positions does not eliminate the possibility of fluctuations in the values of such positions or prevent losses if the values of such positions decline. However, such hedging can establish other positions designed to gain from those same developments, thereby offsetting the decline in the value of such portfolio positions. Such hedging transactions may also limit the opportunity for gain if the values of the underlying portfolio positions should increase. It may not be possible to hedge against an exchange rate or interest rate fluctuation that is so generally

 

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anticipated that we are not able to enter into a hedging transaction at an acceptable price. Moreover, for a variety of reasons, we may not seek to establish a perfect correlation between such hedging instruments and the portfolio holdings being hedged. Any such imperfect correlation may prevent us from achieving the intended hedge and expose us to risk of loss. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge fully or perfectly against currency fluctuations affecting the value of securities denominated in non-U.S. currencies because the value of those securities is likely to fluctuate as a result of factors not entirely related to currency fluctuations.

Our principal focus is to provide senior loans, including first lien, unitranche and second lien loans, to private middle-market companies in a variety of industries. We generally seek to target companies that generate positive cash flows. We generally seek to invest in companies from the broad variety of industries in which our investment adviser has direct expertise. The following is a representative list of the industries in which we may invest.

 

•    Aerospace & Defense		•       Health Care Facilities
•    Air Freight & Logistics		•       Health Care Providers & Services
•    Asset Management		•       Health Care Technology
•    Automobiles		•       Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure
•    Automotive Retail		•       Industrial Conglomerates
•    Beverages		•       Insurance
•    Building Products		•       Internet Software & Services
•    Capital Markets		•       IT Services
•    Chemicals		•       Leisure Equipment & Products
•    Commercial Services & Supplies		•       Machinery
•    Communications Equipment		•       Media
•    Construction & Engineering		•       Multiline Retail
•    Consumer Finance		•       Paper & Forest Products
•    Containers & Packaging		•       Personal Products
•    Distributors		•       Pharmaceuticals
•    Diversified Consumer Services		•       Professional Services
•    Diversified Financial Services		•       Real Estate Management & Development
•    Diversified Real Estate Activities		•       Research & Consulting Services
•    Diversified Telecommunications Services		•       Software
•    Education Services		•       Specialty Retail
•    Food Products		•       Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods
•    Footwear		•       Utilities
•    Health Care Equipment & Supplies		•       Wireless Telecommunications Services

We may invest in other industries if we are presented with attractive opportunities.

We may invest, to the extent permitted by law, in the securities and instruments of other investment companies, including private funds. We may also participate in negotiated co-investment transactions with certain affiliates, each of whose investment adviser is Solar Capital Partners, or an investment adviser controlling, controlled by or under common control with Solar Capital Partners, in a manner consistent with our investment objective, positions, policies, strategies and restrictions as well as regulatory requirements and other pertinent factors, and pursuant to the conditions of the exemptive order obtained from the SEC on July 28, 2014.

At June 30, 2017, our portfolio consisted of 48 portfolio companies and was invested 80.3% in senior secured loans and 19.7% in common equity/equity interests/warrants (of which 9.4% is Gemino and 10.3% is FLLP) measured at fair value. We expect that our portfolio will continue to include senior secured loans.

While our primary investment objective is to maximize current income through investments in U.S. senior secured loans, and we may also invest a portion of the portfolio in opportunistic investments, including foreign securities.

 

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Listed below are our top ten portfolio companies and industries based on their fair value and represented as a percentage of total assets as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

TOP TEN PORTFOLIO COMPANIES AND INDUSTRIES AS OF JUNE 30, 2017

 

Portfolio Company		% of Total Assets
First Lien Loan Program LLC			8.0	%
Gemino Healthcare Finance LLC			7.3	%
American Teleconferencing Services, Ltd.			3.2	%
Polycom, Inc.			2.8	%
ABB/Con-cise Optical Group LLC			2.5	%
Securus Technologies, Inc.			2.1	%
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.			2.0	%
GenMark Diagnostics, Inc.			2.0	%
Falmouth Group Holdings Corp. (AMPAC)			2.0	%
Ministry Brands, LLC			1.8	%

 

Industry		% of Total Assets
Health Care Providers & Services			12.3	%
Communications Equipment			9.3	%
Asset Management			8.9	%
Diversified Financial Services			8.3	%
Professional Services			7.0	%
Software			6.9	%
Insurance			6.6	%
Health Care Equipment & Supplies			2.5	%
Food Products			2.2	%
Chemicals			2.0	%

TOP TEN PORTFOLIO COMPANIES AND INDUSTRIES AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2016

 

Portfolio Company		% of Total Assets
First Lien Loan Program LLC			7.4	%
Gemino Healthcare Finance LLC			6.8	%
Polycom, Inc.			2.8	%
ABB/Con-Cise Optical Group LLC			2.3	%
Material Handling Services, LLC (TFS).			2.1	%
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.			1.9	%
Securus Technologies, Inc.			1.9	%
GenMark Diagnostics, Inc.			1.9	%
Falmouth Group Holdings Corp. (AMPAC)			1.8	%
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc.			1.6	%

 

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Industry		% of Total Assets
Health Care Providers & Services			11.8	%
Communications Equipment			8.4	%
Asset Management			8.2	%
Diversified Financial Services			7.7	%
Professional Services			6.0	%
Insurance			5.9	%
Software			3.3	%
Health Care Equipment & Supplies			2.3	%
Food Products			2.2	%
Air Freight & Logistics			2.1	%

Listed below is the geographic breakdown of the portfolio based on fair value as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

 

Geographic Region		% of Portfolio at June 30, 2017		% of Portfolio at December 31, 2016
United States		100%			100	%

Investment Selection Process

Solar Capital Partners is committed to and utilizes a value-oriented investment philosophy with a focus on the preservation of capital and a commitment to managing downside exposure.

Portfolio Company Characteristics

We have identified several criteria that we believe are important in identifying and investing in prospective portfolio companies. These criteria provide general guidelines for our investment decisions; however, not all of these criteria will be met by each prospective portfolio company in which we choose to invest.

Stable Earnings and Strong Free Cash Flow.    We seek to invest in companies who have demonstrated stable earnings through economic cycles. We target companies that can de-lever through consistent generation of cash flows rather than relying solely on growth to service and repay our loans.

Value Orientation.    Our investment philosophy places a premium on fundamental analysis from an investor’s perspective and has a distinct value orientation. We intend to focus on companies in which we can invest at relatively low multiples of operating cash flow and that are profitable at the time of investment on an operating cash flow basis.

Value of Assets.    The prospective value of the assets, if any, that collateralizes the loans in which we invest, will be an important factor in our credit analysis. Our analysis emphasizes both tangible assets, such as accounts receivable, inventory, equipment and real estate, and intangible assets, such as intellectual property, customer lists, networks and databases. In some of our senior loan transactions, the portfolio company’s fundings may be derived from a borrowing base determined by the value of such company’s assets.

Strong Competitive Position in Industry.    We seek to invest in target companies that have developed leading market positions within their respective markets and are well positioned to capitalize on growth opportunities. We seek companies that demonstrate significant competitive advantages versus their competitors, which we believe should help to protect their market position and profitability.

Diversified Customer and Supplier Base.    We seek to invest in businesses that have a diversified customer and supplier base. We believe that companies with a diversified customer and supplier base are generally better able to endure economic downturns, industry consolidation, changing business preferences and other factors that may negatively impact their customers, suppliers and competitors.

 

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Exit Strategy.    We seek to predominantly invest in companies which provide multiple alternatives for an eventual exit. We look for opportunities that provide an exit typically within three years of the initial capital commitment.

We generally seek companies that we believe will provide a steady stream of cash flow to repay our loans and reinvest in their respective businesses. We believe that such internally generated cash flow, leading to the payment of interest on, and the repayment of the principal of, our investments in portfolio companies represents a key means by which we will be able to exit from our investments over time.

In addition, we also seek to invest in companies whose business models or expected future cash flows offer attractive exit possibilities. These companies include candidates for strategic acquisition by other industry participants and companies that may repay our investments through an initial public offering of common stock or another capital market transaction. We generally underwrite our investments on a hold-to-maturity basis, but expensive capital is often repaid prior to stated maturity.

Experienced and Committed Management.    We generally require that portfolio companies have an experienced management team. We plan to also require portfolio companies have in place proper incentives to induce management to succeed and to act in concert with our interests as investors, including having significant equity interests.

Strong Sponsorship.    We generally aim to invest alongside other sophisticated investors. We typically seek to partner with successful financial sponsors who have historically generated high returns. We believe that investing in these sponsors’ portfolio companies enables us to benefit from their direct involvement and due diligence.

Solar Senior Capital’s senior investment team works in concert with sponsors to proactively manage investment opportunities by acting as a partner throughout the investment process. We actively focus on the middle-market financial sponsor community, with a particular focus on the upper-end of the middle-market (generally sponsors with equity funds of $800 million to $3 billion). We favor such sponsors because they typically:

 

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buy larger companies with strong business franchises;

 

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invest significant amounts of equity in their portfolio companies;

 

•

value flexibility and creativity in structuring their transactions;

 

•

possess longer track records over multiple investment funds;

 

•

have deep management experience and resources;

 

•

have better ability to withstand downturns; and

 

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possess the ability to support portfolio companies with additional capital.

We divide our coverage of these sponsors among our more senior investment professionals, who are responsible for day-to-day interaction with financial sponsors. We take a proactive approach, provide quick feedback, deliver on commitments, and are constructive throughout the life cycle of an investment.

Due Diligence

Our “private equity” approach to credit investing typically incorporates extensive in-depth due diligence often alongside the private equity sponsor. In conducting due diligence, we will use publicly available information as well as information from relationships with former and current management teams, consultants, competitors and investment bankers. We believe that our due diligence methodology allows us to screen a high volume of potential investment opportunities on a consistent and thorough basis.

 

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Our due diligence typically includes:

 

•

review of historical and prospective financial information;

 

•

review and valuation of assets;

 

•

research relating to the company’s management, industry, markets, products and services and competitors;

 

•

on-site visits;

 

•

discussions with management, employees, customers or vendors of the potential portfolio company;

 

•

review of senior loan documents; and

 

•

background investigations.

We also expect to evaluate the private equity sponsor making the investment. Further, due to Solar Capital Partners’ considerable repeat business with sponsors, we have direct experience with the management teams of many sponsors. A private equity sponsor is typically the controlling shareholder upon completion of an investment and as such is considered critical to the success of the investment. The equity sponsor is evaluated along several key criteria, including:

 

•

investment track record;

 

•

industry experience;

 

•

capacity and willingness to provide additional financial support to the company through additional capital contributions, if necessary; and

 

•

reference checks.

Throughout the due diligence process, a deal team is in constant dialogue with the management team of the company in which we are considering to invest to ensure that any concerns are addressed as early as possible through the process and that unsuitable investments are filtered out before considerable time has been invested.

Upon the completion of due diligence and a decision to proceed with an investment in a company, the investment professionals leading the investment present the investment opportunity to Solar Capital Partners’ investment committee, which then determine whether to pursue the potential investment. Additional due diligence with respect to any investment may be conducted on our behalf by attorneys and independent accountants prior to the closing of the investment, as well as other outside advisers, as appropriate.

The Investment Committee

All new investments are required to be approved by a consensus of the investment committee of Solar Capital Partners, which is led by Messrs. Gross and Spohler. The members of Solar Capital Partners’ investment committee receive no compensation from us. Such members may be employees or partners of Solar Capital Partners and may receive compensation or profit distributions from Solar Capital Partners.

Investment Structure

Once we determine that a prospective portfolio company is suitable for investment, we will work with the management of that company and its other capital providers, including senior, junior and equity capital providers, to structure an investment. We negotiate among these parties to agree on how our investment is expected to perform relative to the other capital in the portfolio company’s capital structure.

We seek to invest in portfolio companies primarily in the form of senior loans. These senior loans typically have current cash pay interest with some amortization of principal. Interest is typically paid on a floating rate basis, often with a floor on the LIBOR rate. We generally seek to obtain security interests in the assets of our portfolio companies that serve as collateral in support of the repayment of these loans. This collateral may take the form of first or second priority liens on the assets of a portfolio company.

 

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Typically, we expect that our senior loans will have final maturities of four to seven years. However, we also expect that our portfolio companies often may repay these loans early, generally within three years from the date of initial investment. To preserve an acceptable return on investment, we seek to structure these loans with prepayment premiums.

In the case of our senior secured loan investments, we seek to tailor the terms of the investment to the facts and circumstances of the transaction and the prospective portfolio company, negotiating a structure that protects our rights and manages our risk while creating incentives for the portfolio company to achieve its business plan and improve its profitability. For example, in addition to seeking a senior position in the capital structure of our portfolio companies, we may be able to limit the downside potential of our investments by:

 

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requiring a total return on our investments (including both interest and potential capital appreciation) that compensates us for credit risk;

 

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incorporating “put” rights and call protection into the investment structure; and

 

•

negotiating covenants in connection with our investments that afford our portfolio companies as much flexibility in managing their businesses as possible, consistent with preservation of our capital. Such restrictions may include affirmative and negative covenants, default penalties, lien protection, change of control provisions and board rights, including either observation or participation rights.

Our investments may include equity features, such as warrants or options to buy a minority interest in the portfolio company. Any warrants we receive with our debt securities generally require only a nominal cost to exercise, and thus, as a portfolio company appreciates in value, we may achieve additional investment return from this equity interest. In addition, we may from time to time make direct equity investments in portfolio companies.

We generally seek to hold most of our investments to maturity or repayment, but believe we have the ability to sell our investments earlier, including if a liquidity event takes place such as the sale or recapitalization of a portfolio company.

Ongoing Relationships with Portfolio Companies

Solar Capital Partners monitors our portfolio companies on an ongoing basis. Solar Capital Partners monitors the financial trends of each portfolio company to determine if it is meeting its business plan and to assess the appropriate course of action for each company.

Solar Capital Partners has several methods of evaluating and monitoring the performance and fair value of our investments, which include the following:

 

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Assessment of success in adhering to each portfolio company’s business plan and compliance with covenants;

 

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Periodic and regular contact with portfolio company management and, if appropriate, the financial or strategic sponsor, to discuss financial position, requirements and accomplishments;

 

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Comparisons to other Solar Capital and Solar Senior Capital portfolio companies in the industry, if any; and

 

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Review of monthly and quarterly financial statements, asset valuations, and financial projections for portfolio companies.

In addition to various risk management and monitoring tools, Solar Capital Partners also uses an investment rating system to characterize and monitor our expected level of returns on each investment in our portfolio.

 

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We use an investment rating scale of 1 to 4. The following is a description of the conditions associated with each investment rating:

 

Investment Rating		Summary Description
1		Involves the least amount of risk in our portfolio, the portfolio company is performing above expectations, and the trends and risk factors are generally favorable (including a potential exit)
2		Risk that is similar to the risk at the time of origination, the portfolio company is performing as expected, and the risk factors are neutral to favorable; all new investments are initially assessed a grade of 2
3		The portfolio company is performing below expectations, may be out of compliance with debt covenants, and requires procedures for closer monitoring
4		The investment is performing well below expectations and is not anticipated to be repaid in full

Solar Capital Partners monitors and, when appropriate, changes the investment ratings assigned to each investment in our portfolio. As of June 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the weighted average investment rating on the fair market value of our portfolio was 2. In connection with our valuation process, Solar Capital Partners reviews these investment ratings on a quarterly basis.

Valuation Procedures

We conduct the valuation of our assets, pursuant to which our net asset value is determined, at all times consistent with GAAP and the 1940 Act. Our valuation procedures are set forth in more detail below:

The Company conducts the valuation of its assets in accordance with GAAP and the 1940 Act. The Company generally values its assets on a quarterly basis, or more frequently if required. Investments for which market quotations are readily available on an exchange are valued at the closing price on the date of valuation. The Company may also obtain quotes with respect to certain of its investments from pricing services or brokers or dealers in order to value assets. When doing so, management determines whether the quote obtained is sufficient according to GAAP to determine the fair value of the investment. If determined adequate, the Company uses the quote obtained. Debt investments with maturities of 60 days or less shall each be valued at cost plus accreted discount, or minus amortized premium, which is expected to approximate fair value, unless such valuation, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser, does not represent fair value, in which case such investments shall be valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”).

Investments for which reliable market quotations are not readily available or for which the pricing sources do not provide a valuation or methodology or provide a valuation or methodology that, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser or the Board does not represent fair value, each shall be valued as follows: (i) each portfolio company or investment is initially valued by the investment professionals responsible for the portfolio investment; (ii) preliminary valuations are discussed with senior management of the Investment Adviser; (iii) independent valuation firms engaged by, or on behalf of, the Board will conduct independent appraisals and review the Investment Adviser’s preliminary valuations and make their own independent assessment for (a) each portfolio investment that, when taken together with all other investments in the same portfolio company, exceeds 10% of estimated total assets, plus available borrowings, as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter, and (b) each portfolio investment that is presently in payment default; (iv) the Board will discuss the valuations and determine the fair value of each investment in our portfolio in good faith based on the input of the Investment Adviser and, where appropriate, the respective independent valuation firm.

The recommendation of fair value generally considers the following factors among others, as relevant: applicable market yields; the nature and realizable value of any collateral; the portfolio company’s ability to make payments; the portfolio company’s earnings and discounted cash flow; the markets in which the issuer does business; and comparisons to publicly traded securities, among others.

 

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When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Company will consider the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate the valuation. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.

Investments are valued utilizing a market approach, an income approach, or both approaches, as appropriate. However, in accordance with ASC 820-10, certain investments that qualify as investment companies in accordance with ASC 946, may be valued using net asset value as a practical expedient for fair value. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities (including a business). The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts (for example, cash flows or earnings) to a single present amount (discounted). The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. In following these approaches, the types of factors that we may take into account in fair value pricing our investments include, as relevant: available current market data, including relevant and applicable market trading and transaction comparables, applicable market yields and multiples, security covenants, call protection provisions, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments, its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparisons of financial ratios of peer companies that are public, M&A comparables, and enterprise values, among other factors. When available, broker quotations and/or quotations provided by pricing services are considered as an input in the valuation process. Escrow receivables, if any, included in the receivables for investments sold in the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities are reviewed quarterly and the value of the receivable is adjusted as necessary. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, there has been no change to the Company’s valuation techniques and the nature of the related inputs considered in the valuation process.

Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820 classifies the inputs used to measure these fair values into the following hierarchy:

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, accessible by the Company at the measurement date.

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other observable inputs other than quoted prices.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

In all cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to each investment. The exercise of judgment is based in part on our knowledge of the asset class and our prior experience.

Determination of fair value involves subjective judgments and estimates. Accordingly, the notes to our consolidated financial statements express the uncertainty with respect to the possible effect of such valuations, and any change in such valuations, on our consolidated financial statements.

Competition

Our primary competitors provide financing to middle-market companies and include other business development companies, commercial and investment banks, commercial financing companies and, to the extent they provide an alternative form of financing, private equity funds. Additionally, alternative investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, frequently invest in middle-market companies. As a result, competition for investment opportunities at middle-market companies can be intense. However, we continue to believe that there has been an

 

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overall reduction in the amount of debt capital available on average since the downturn in the credit markets, which began in mid-2007, and that this has resulted in a somewhat less competitive environment for making new investments. While many middle-market companies were previously able to raise senior debt financing through traditional large financial institutions, we believe this approach to financing is more difficult as implementation of U.S. and international financial reforms, such as Basel 3, limits the capacity of large financial institutions to hold non-investment grade leveraged loans on their balance sheets. We believe that many of these financial institutions have de-emphasized their service and product offerings to middle-market companies in particular.

Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. For example, some competitors may have a lower cost of funds and access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships than us. Furthermore, many of our competitors are not subject to the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on us as a business development company. We use the industry information available to Messrs. Gross and Spohler and the other investment professionals of Solar Capital Partners to assess investment risks and determine appropriate pricing for our investments in portfolio companies. In addition, we believe that the relationships of Messrs. Gross and Spohler and the other senior investment professionals of our investment adviser enable us to learn about, and compete effectively for, financing opportunities with attractive leveraged companies in the industries in which we seek to invest.

Staffing

We do not currently have any employees. Mr. Gross, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Mr. Spohler, our Chief Operating Officer and board member, are managing members and senior investment professionals of, and have financial and controlling interests in, Solar Capital Partners. In addition, Mr. Peteka, our Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Corporate Secretary serves as the Chief Financial Officer for Solar Capital Partners. Guy Talarico, our chief compliance officer, is the chief executive officer of Alaric Compliance Services, LLC, and performs his functions as our Chief Compliance Officer under the terms of an agreement between Solar Capital Management and Alaric Compliance Services, LLC. Solar Capital Management has retained Mr. Talarico and Alaric Compliance Services, LLC pursuant to its obligations under our Administration Agreement.

Our day-to-day investment operations are managed by Solar Capital Partners. Based upon its needs, Solar Capital Partners may hire additional investment professionals. In addition, we will reimburse Solar Capital Management for the allocable portion of overhead and other expenses incurred by it in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including rent and the allocable portion of the cost of the Company’s chief compliance officer and chief financial officer and their respective staffs.

Properties

Our executive offices are located at 500 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022, and are provided by Solar Capital Management in accordance with the terms of the Administration Agreement. We believe that our office facilities are suitable and adequate for our business as it is contemplated to be conducted.

Legal Proceedings

None of us, our investment adviser or administrator, is currently subject to any material legal proceedings, nor, to our knowledge, is any material legal proceeding threatened against us, or against our investment adviser or administrator. From time to time, we, our investment adviser or administrator, may be a party to certain legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business, including proceedings relating to the enforcement of our rights under contracts with our portfolio companies. While the outcome of these legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not expect that these proceedings will have a material effect upon our financial condition or results of operations.

 

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PORTFOLIO COMPANIES

The following table sets forth certain information as of June 30, 2017 for each portfolio company in which we had a debt or equity investment. The general terms of our debt and equity investments are described in “Business — Investments.” Other than these investments, our only formal relationships with our portfolio companies are the managerial assistance we may provide upon request and the board observer or participation rights we may receive in connection with our investment. All information required by Item 8.6 of Form N-2 is reflected in the table below except for the amount, terms and value of investments, which are listed in the schedule of investments included in our consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2017, which are included in this prospectus.

 

Name and Address of Portfolio Company:		Industry		Type of         Investment		% of Class Held
ABB/Con-Cise Optical Group LLC 12301 NW 39th Street Coral Springs, FL 33065		Health Care Equipment & Supplies		Bank debt / senior secured loan
Acrisure, LLC 5664 Prairie Creek Drive SE Caledonia, MI 49316		Insurance		Bank debt / senior secured loan
Advantage Sales & Marketing, Inc. 18100 Von Karman Avenue, 10th Floor Irvine, CA 92612		Professional Services		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Aegis Toxicology Sciences Corporation 515 Great Circle Road Nashville, TN 37228		Health Care Providers & Services		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc. 3 Parkway North Suite 500 Deerfield, IL 60015		Insurance		Bank debt / senior secured loan
American Seafoods Group LLC Market Place Tower 2025 First Avenue, Suite 900 Seattle, WA 98121		Food Products		Bank debt / senior secured loans
American Teleconferencing Services, Ltd. (PGI) 3280 Peachtree Road NE, Suite 1000 Atlanta, GA 30305		Communications Equipment		Bank debt / senior secured loan
Anesthesia Consulting & Management, LP 6225 North State Highway 161 Suite 200 Irving, TX 75038		Health Care Providers & Services		Bank debt / senior secured loan
Capstone Logistics Acquisition, Inc. 6525 The Corners Pkwy Suite 520 Peachtree Corners, GA 30092		Professional Services		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Confie Seguros Holding II Co. 6722 Orangethorpe Ave., Suite 200 Buena Park, CA 90620		Insurance		Bank debt / senior secured loans

 

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Name and Address of Portfolio Company:		Industry		Type of         Investment		% of Class Held
DB Datacenter Holdings, Inc. 400 South Akard, Suite 100 Dallas, TX 75202		IT Services		Bank debt / senior secured loan
Empower Payments Acquisition, Inc. (RevSpring) 29241 Beck Road Wixom, MI 48393		Professional Services		Bank debt / senior secured loan
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC 4 Industrial Way West, 3rd Floor Eatontown, NJ 07724		Aerospace & Defense		Bank debt / senior secured loans Common equity			10	%
Essence Group Holdings Corporation (Lumeris) 13900 Riverport Drive St. Louis, MO 63043		Health Care Technology		Warrants			<1	%
First Lien Loan Program LLC 500 Park Avenue New York, NY 10022		Asset Management		Equity interests			88	%
Falmouth Group Holdings Corp. (AMPAC) 10622 West 6400 North Cedar City, UT 84721		Chemicals		Bank debt / senior secured loan
GenMark Diagnostics, Inc 5964 La Place Court Carlsbad, CA 92008		Health Care Providers & Services		Bank debt / senior secured loan
Gemino Healthcare Finance LLC 1 International Plaza, Suite 220 Philadelphia, PA 19113		Diversified Financial Services		Common equity			93	%
Global Holdings LLC & Payment Concepts LLC 4500 S. 129th E Ave, Suite 175 Tulsa, OK 74134		Consumer Finance		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Global Tel*Link Corporation 12021 Sunset Hills Road, Suite 100 Reston, VA 20190		Communications Equipment		Bank debt / senior secured loans
HC Group Holdings III, Inc. (Walgreens) 108 Wilmot Road Deerfield, IL 60015		Health Care Providers & Services		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Hostway Corporation 100 N Riverside, Suite 800 Chicago, IL 60606		Internet Software & Services		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Island Medical Management Holdings, LLC 88 Arkay Drives New York, NY 11788		Healthcare Providers & Services		Bank debt/senior secured loans
Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, LLC (KBS) 1575 Henthorne Dr. Maumee, OH 43537		Commercial Services & Supplies		Bank debt / senior secured loans

 

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Name and Address of Portfolio Company:		Industry		Type of         Investment		% of Class Held
Lumeris Solutions Company, LLC 13900 Riverport Drive St. Louis, MO 63043		Health Care Technology		Bank debt / senior secured loan
Metamorph US 3, LLC (Metalogix) 5335 Wisconsin Avenue, NW Suite 510 Washington, DC 20015		Software		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Meter Readings Holding, LLC (Aclara) 945 Hornet Drive Hazelwood, MO 63042		Electronic Equipment		Bank debt / senior secured loan
MHE Intermediate Holdings, LLC 7050 Spring Meadows Drive West Holland, Ohio 43528		Air Freight & Logistics		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Ministry Brands, LLC 14488 Old Stage Road Lenoir City, TN 37772-5494		Software		Bank debt / senior secured loan
MRI Software LLC 28925 Fountain Parkway Solon, OH 44139		Software		Bank debt / senior secured loan
MYI Acquiror Corp. (McLarens Young) 5555 Triangle Parkway Suite 200 Norcross, GA 30092		Insurance		Bank debt / senior secured loans
PetVet Care Centers, LLC One Gorham Island, Suite 300 Westport, CT 06880		Health Care Facilities		Bank debt / senior secured loan
Polycom, Inc. 6001 America Center Drive San Jose, CA 95002		Communications Equipment		Bank debt / senior secured loan
PPT Management Holdings, LLC 333 Earle Ovington Blvd, Suite 225 Uniondale, NY 11553		Health Care Providers & Services		Bank debt / senior secured loan
Professional DataSolutions, Inc. 3407 South 31st Street Temple, TX 76504		Software		Bank debt / senior secured loans
PSP Group, LLC (Pet Supplies Plus) 17197 N. Laurel Park Drive, Suite 402 Livonia, MI 48152		Specialty Retail		Bank debt / senior secured loans
QBS Holding Company, Inc. (Quorum) 811 Main Street, Suite 2000 Houston, TX 77002		Software		Bank debt / senior secured loans

 

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Name and Address of Portfolio Company:		Industry		Type of         Investment		% of Class Held
Richelieu Foods, Inc. 15 Pacella Park Drive Suite 210 Randolph, MA 02368		Food Products		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Salient Partners, L.P. 4265 San Felipe Street, 8th Floor Houston, TX 77027		Asset Management		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Securus Technologies Inc. 14651 Dallas Parkway, Suite 600 Dallas, TX 75254		Communications Equipment		Bank debt / senior secured loans
SHO Holding I Corporation (Shoes for Crews) 250 South Australian Ave. West Palm Beach, FL 33401		Footwear		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Suburban Broadband, LLC (Jab Wireless, Inc.) 61 Inverness Drive East, Ste. 250 Englewood, CO 80112		Wireless Telecommunication Services		Bank debt / senior secured loan
The Edelman Financial Center, LLC 4000 Legato Road, 9th Floor Fairfax, VA 22033		Diversified Financial Services		Bank debt / senior secured loans
The Hilb Group, LLC & Gencorp Insurance Group, Inc. Corporate Office 8720 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 125 Richmond, VA 23235		Insurance		Bank debt / senior secured loans
Trident USA Health Services 2820 North Ontario Street, Suite 102 Burbank, CA 91540-2015		Health Care Providers & Services		Bank debt / senior secured loans
TwentyEighty, Inc. 10901 W. Toller Drive, Suite 203 Littleton, CO 80127		Professional Services		Bank debt / senior secured loans /
TwentyEighty Investors, LLC 10901 W. Toller Drive, Suite 202 Littleton, CO 80127		Professional Services		Common equity			2	%
U.S. Acute Care Solutions, LLC 4535 Dressler Road NW Canton, OH 44718		Health Care Providers & Services		Bank debt / senior secured loans
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp (Veritext) 290 West Mt. Pleasant Ave., Ste. 3200 Livingston, NJ 07039		Professional Services		Bank debt / senior secured loans
WIRB-Copernicus Group, Inc. 212 Carnegie Center, Suite 301 Princeton, NJ 08540		Professional Services		Bank debt / senior secured loans

 

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To maintain our status as a BDC, we must invest a sufficient portion of our assets in “qualifying assets.” Specifically, qualifying assets must represent at least 70% of our total assets at the time of acquisition of any additional non-qualifying assets. In addition, if we fail to invest a sufficient portion of our assets in qualifying assets, we could be prevented from making follow-on investments in existing portfolio companies or could be required to dispose of investments at inappropriate times in order to comply with the 1940 Act. As of June 30, 2017, 18.3% of our total assets constituted non-qualifying assets, on a fair value basis.

Set forth below is a brief description of each portfolio company in which we have made an investment that represents greater than 5% of our total assets as of June 30, 2017.

First Lien Loan Program, LLC

On September 10, 2014, the Company entered into a limited liability company agreement to create a First Lien Loan Program (“FLLP”) with Voya Investment Management LLC (“Voya”). Voya acts as the investment advisor for several wholly-owned insurance subsidiaries of Voya Financial, Inc. (NYSE: VOYA). On February 13, 2015, FLLP commenced operations. The joint venture vehicle, structured as an unconsolidated Delaware limited liability company, invests primarily in senior secured floating rate term loans to middle market companies predominantly owned by private equity sponsors or entrepreneurs. The Company and Voya have committed to provide $50.75 million and $7.25 million, respectively, of capital to the joint venture. The Company, along with Voya, controls the funding of FLLP and FLLP may not call the unfunded commitments without approval of both the Company and Voya. All portfolio decisions and generally all other decisions in respect of the FLLP must be approved by an investment committee of the FLLP consisting of representatives of the Company and Voya (with approval from a representative of each required). FLLP’s performance is susceptible to changes in interest rates.

Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC

Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC (“Gemino”) is a commercial finance business focused on originating, underwriting, and managing financing solutions for small to mid-size companies operating in the healthcare industry. Gemino’s primary financing products today include revolving lines of credit secured by the borrower’s accounts receivable, including receivables from Medicare, Medicaid, and private health insurance companies as well as senior cash flow term loans secured by all other assets, often with a pledge of equity or personal guarantee. The company has processes in place to source, underwrite and monitor portfolio companies. Gemino competes against an assortment of regional and local banks as well as specialized commercial finance companies. The company’s performance is susceptible to changes in healthcare regulation and interest rates. The company is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and has a satellite office in Atlanta, Georgia.

 

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MANAGEMENT

Our board of directors oversees our management. The board of directors currently consists of five members, three of whom are not “interested persons” of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. We refer to these individuals as our independent directors. Our board of directors elects our officers, who serve at the discretion of the board of directors. The responsibilities of each director will include, among other things, the oversight of our investment activity, the quarterly valuation of our assets, and oversight of our financing arrangements. The board of directors has also established an audit committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee and may establish additional committees in the future.

Board of Directors and Executive Officers

Directors

Information regarding the board of directors is as follows:

 

Name		Age				Position		Director Since				Expiration of Term
Interested Director
Michael S. Gross			55			Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman of the Board of Directors			2010				2020
Bruce Spohler			57			Chief Operating Officer and Director			2010				2019
Independent Directors
Steven Hochberg			55			Director			2011				2019
David S. Wachter			53			Director			2011				2018
Leonard A. Potter			55			Director			2011				2020

The address for each of our directors is 500 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022.

Executive Officers Who Are Not Directors

 

Name		Age				Position
Richard L. Peteka			56			Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary
Guy Talarico			61			Chief Compliance Officer

The address for each of our executive officers is 500 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022.

Biographical Information

Directors

Our directors have been divided into two groups — interested directors and independent directors. An interested director is an “interested person” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. As described below under “Committees of the Board of Directors — Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee,” the board of directors has identified certain desired attributes for director nominees. We believe each of our directors has demonstrated high character and integrity, superior credentials and recognition in his respective field and the relevant expertise and experience upon which to be able to offer advice and guidance to our management. We believe each of our directors also has sufficient time available to devote to the affairs of Solar Senior Capital, is able to work with the other members of the board of directors and contribute to the success of Solar Senior Capital and can represent the long-term interests of Solar Senior Capital’s stockholders as a whole. Our directors have been selected such that the board of directors represents a range of backgrounds and experience. Set forth below is biographical information of each director, including a discussion of such director’s particular

 

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experience, qualifications, attributes or skills that lead us to conclude, as of the date of this prospectus, that such individual should serve as a director of Solar Senior Capital, in light of Solar Senior Capital’s business and structure.

Interested Directors

Michael S. Gross has been the chairman of the board of directors, chief executive officer and president of Solar Senior Capital since December 2010. In addition, Mr. Gross served as the managing member, the chairman of the board of directors and the chief executive officer of Solar Capital LLC since its inception in February 2007, and has been the chairman of the board of directors since December 2007, and chief executive officer and president since November 2007, of Solar Capital, its successor fund. Mr. Gross also currently serves as a managing member of our investment adviser, Solar Capital Partners.

From July 2006 through approximately the first quarter of 2009, Mr. Gross was a partner in Magnetar Capital Partners, LP. Between February 2004 and February 2006, Mr. Gross was the president and chief executive officer of Apollo Investment Corporation, a publicly traded business development company that he founded and on whose board of directors and investment committee he served as chairman from February 2004 to July 2006, and was the managing partner of Apollo Investment Management, L.P., the investment adviser to Apollo Investment Corporation. Apollo Investment Corporation invests primarily in middle-market companies in the form of senior secured and mezzanine loans as well as by making direct equity investments in such companies. Under his management, Apollo Investment Corporation raised approximately $930 million in gross proceeds in an initial public offering in April 2004 and invested approximately $2.3 billion in over 65 companies in conjunction with 50 different private equity sponsors. From 1990 to February 2006, Mr. Gross was a senior partner at Apollo Management, L.P., a leading private equity firm which he founded in 1990 with five other persons. Since its inception, Apollo Management, L.P. has invested more than $13 billion in over 150 companies in the United States and Western Europe. During his tenure at Apollo Management, L.P., Mr. Gross was a member of an investment committee that was responsible for overseeing such investments. In addition, from 2003 to February 2006, Mr. Gross was the managing partner of Apollo Distressed Investment Fund, an investment fund he founded to invest principally in non-control oriented distressed debt and other investment securities of leveraged companies.

Mr. Gross currently serves as the chairman of the board of directors of Global Ship Lease Inc. From 1992 to 2013, Mr. Gross served on the board of directors of Saks, Inc. and from 1999 to 2008 he served on the board of directors of United Rentals, Inc., and in the past has served on the boards of directors, including in certain cases, in the capacity as a lead director, of more than 20 public and private companies. He is a founding member, and serves on the executive committee, of the Youth Renewal Fund, is the chairman of the board of Mt. Sinai Children’s Center Foundation, and serves on the Board of Trustees of The Trinity School and the Board of Directors of New York Road Runners. He also serves as a member of the Kellogg Global Advisory Board and the Ross School of Business BBA Advisory Board at the University of Michigan. Mr. Gross holds a B.B.A. in accounting from the University of Michigan and an M.M. from the J.L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management at Northwestern University. Mr. Gross’ intimate knowledge of the business and operations of Solar Senior Capital, extensive familiarity with the financial industry and the investment management process in particular, and experience as a director of other public and private companies not only gives the board of directors valuable insight but also positions him well to continue to serve as the chairman of our board of directors.

Bruce Spohler has been the chief operating officer and a director of Solar Senior Capital since December 2010. In addition, Mr. Spohler served as a senior vice president of Solar Capital LLC from its inception in February 2007, has been a director since September 2009, and the chief operating officer since December 2007, of Solar Capital, its successor fund. Mr. Spohler also currently serves as a managing partner of our investment adviser, Solar Capital Partners. Previously, Mr. Spohler was a managing director and a former co-head of U.S. Leveraged Finance for CIBC World Markets. He held numerous senior roles at CIBC World Markets, including serving on the U.S. Management Committee, Global Executive Committee and the Deals Committee, which approves all of CIBC World Markets’ U.S. corporate finance debt capital decisions. During his tenure, he was

 

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responsible for senior loan, high yield and mezzanine origination and execution, as well as CIBC World Markets’ below investment grade loan portfolio in the U.S. As a co-head of U.S. Leveraged Finance, he oversaw over 300 capital raising and merger and acquisition transactions, comprising over $40 billion in market capitalization. Mr. Spohler earned a B.S. from Syracuse University and an M.M. from the J.L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management at Northwestern University. Mr. Spohler’s depth of experience in managerial positions in investment management, leveraged finance and financial services, as well as his intimate knowledge of Solar Senior Capital’s business and operations, gives the board of directors valuable industry-specific knowledge and expertise on these and other matters.

Independent Directors

Steven Hochberg has been a director of Solar Senior Capital since January 2011. Mr. Hochberg has been a director of Solar Capital LLC from its inception in February 2007, and has been a director of Solar Capital since November 2007, its successor entity. Mr. Hochberg has been a partner at Deerfield Management, a healthcare investment firm, since 2013. Mr. Hochberg is the founder of Ascent Biomedical Ventures, a venture investor in biomedical technology companies, since 2004. Mr. Hochberg is the chairman of the board of directors of Biomerix Corporation, and serves on the board of directors of Heart Repair Technologies, Inc. and Acutus Medical. Mr. Hochberg was a member of the Board of Trustees and Chairman of the Board of Continuum Health Partners, one of the largest non-profit hospital systems in New York City until its merger with Mount Sinai in 2013 and he is now the Senior Vice Chairman of Mount Sinai Health System. Mr. Hochberg holds a B.B.A. from the University of Michigan and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School. Mr. Hochberg’s varied experience in investing in medical technology companies provides the board of directors with particular knowledge of this field, and his role as chairman of other companies’ board of directors brings the perspective of a knowledgeable corporate leader.

Leonard A. Potter has been a director of Solar Senior Capital since January 2011. Mr. Potter has been a director of Solar Capital since September 2009. Mr. Potter is currently the President and Chief Investment Officer of Wildcat Capital Management, LLC, a registered investment adviser, since 2011 and the Chief Executive Officer of Infinity Q Capital Management, LLC, also a registered investment adviser, since 2014. From August 2009 through August 2011, Mr. Potter served as the Chief Investment Officer of Salt Creek Hospitality, a private acquirer and owner of hospitality related assets. From December 2002 through July 2009, Mr. Potter was a Managing Director — Soros Private Equity at Soros Fund Management LLC (“SFM”) where, from May 2005 through July 2009, Mr. Potter served as co-head of the Private Equity group and a member of the Private Equity Investment Committee. Mr. Potter is currently a member of the board of directors of Hilton Grand Vacations Inc. since 2017 and GSV Capital Corp. a publicly-traded BDC since 2011, and has previously served as a board member of several public companies including Crumbs Bake Shop, Inc. from 2009 to 2014. Mr. Potter has a B.A. from Brandeis University and a J.D. from the Fordham University School of Law. Mr. Potter’s experience practicing as a corporate lawyer provides valuable insight to the board of directors on regulatory and risk management issues. In addition, his tenure in private equity investing and service as a director of both public and private companies provide industry-specific knowledge and expertise to the board of directors.

David S. Wachter has been a director of Solar Senior Capital since January 2011. Mr. Wachter has been a director of Solar Capital LLC from its inception in February 2007, and has been a director of Solar Capital since November 2007, its successor entity. Mr. Wachter has been a founding partner, managing director and president of W Capital Partners, a private equity fund manager, since 2001. Mr. Wachter has a B.S. in Engineering, with a major in Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, from Tufts University and an M.B.A. from New York University Graduate School of Business. Mr. Wachter’s extensive knowledge of private equity and investment banking provides the board of directors with the valuable insight of an experienced financial manager.

Executive Officers Who Are Not Directors

Richard L. Peteka has been the chief financial officer, treasurer and secretary of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. since May 2012. In addition, Mr. Peteka has served as chief financial officer, treasurer and secretary of Solar

 

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Capital Ltd., a BDC managed by Solar Capital Partners, since May 2012. Mr. Peteka joined Solar Senior Capital from Apollo Investment Corporation, a publicly-traded BDC, where he served from 2004 to 2012 as the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. Mr. Peteka holds a B.S. in Finance from The College at Old Westbury and an MBA in International Finance from St. John’s University.

Guy Talarico has been the chief compliance officer of Solar Senior Capital since December 2010. In addition, Mr. Talarico has been the chief compliance officer of Solar Capital since July 2008 and Solar Capital Partners since February 2016. Mr. Talarico founded and has served as chief executive officer of Alaric Compliance Services, LLC, (successor to EOS Compliance Services LLC) since June 2004. Mr. Talarico currently serves as chief compliance officer for several BDCs, funds and/or investment advisers who are not affiliated with the Solar Capital entities. Mr. Talarico holds a B.S. ChE from Lehigh University, an M.B.A. from Fairleigh Dickinson University and a J.D. from New York Law School.

Director Independence

In accordance with rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market, our board of directors annually determines each director’s independence. We do not consider a director independent unless the board of directors has determined that he has no material relationship with us. We monitor the relationships of our directors and officers through a questionnaire each director completes no less frequently than annually and updates periodically as information provided in the most recent questionnaire changes.

Our governance guidelines require any director who has previously been determined to be independent to inform the chairman of the board of directors, the chairman of the Nominating and Corporate Governance committee and our corporate secretary of any change in circumstance that may cause his or her status as an independent director to change. The board of directors limits membership on the audit committee, the nominating and corporate governance committee, and the compensation committee to independent directors.

In order to evaluate the materiality of any such relationship, the board of directors uses the definition of director independence set forth in the rules promulgated by the NASDAQ Stock Market. Rule 5605(a)(2) provides that a director of a BDC shall be considered to be independent if he or she is not an “interested person” of such BDC, as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act.

The board of directors has determined that each of the directors is independent and has no relationship with us, except as a director and stockholder, with the exception of Michael S. Gross, as a result of his positions as the chief executive officer and president of Solar Senior Capital and the managing member of Solar Capital Partners, Solar Senior Capital’s investment adviser, and Bruce Spohler, as a result of his position as chief operating officer of Solar Senior Capital and a partner of Solar Capital Partners.

Board Leadership Structure

Our board of directors monitors and performs an oversight role with respect to the business and affairs of Solar Senior Capital, including with respect to investment practices and performance, compliance with regulatory requirements and the services, expenses and performance of service providers to Solar Senior Capital. Among other things, our board of directors approves the appointment of Solar Capital Partners and officers, reviews and monitors the services and activities performed by Solar Capital Partners and executive officers and approves the engagement, and reviews the performance of, our independent public accounting firm.

Under Solar Senior Capital’s by laws, our board of directors may designate a chairman to preside over the meetings of the board of directors and meetings of the stockholders and to perform such other duties as may be assigned to him by the board. We do not have a fixed policy as to whether the chairman of the board should be an independent director and believe that we should maintain the flexibility to select the chairman and reorganize the leadership structure, from time to time, based on the criteria that is in the best interests of Solar Senior Capital and its stockholders at such times.

 

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Presently, Mr. Gross serves as the chairman of our board of directors. Mr. Gross is an “interested person” of Solar Senior Capital as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act because he is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Solar Senior Capital, serves on the investment committee of Solar Capital Partners and is the managing member of Solar Capital Partners. We believe that Mr. Gross’ history with Solar Senior Capital, familiarity with its investment platform, and extensive knowledge of the financial services industry and the investment valuation process in particular qualify him to serve as the chairman of our board of directors. We believe that Solar Senior Capital is best served through this existing leadership structure, as Mr. Gross’ relationship with Solar Capital Partners provides an effective bridge and encourages an open dialogue between management and the board of directors, ensuring that both groups act with a common purpose.

Our board of directors does not currently have a designated lead independent director. We are aware of the potential conflicts that may arise when a non-independent director is chairman of the board of directors, but believe these potential conflicts are offset by our strong corporate governance policies. Our corporate governance policies include regular meetings of the independent directors in executive session without the presence of interested directors and management, the establishment of the Audit Committee, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and the Compensation Committee comprised solely of independent directors and the appointment of a chief compliance officer, with whom the independent directors meet regularly without the presence of interested directors and other members of management, for administering our compliance policies and procedures.

We recognize that different board leadership structures are appropriate for companies in different situations. We re-examine our corporate governance policies on an ongoing basis to ensure that they continue to meet Solar Senior Capital’s needs.

Board’s Role In Risk Oversight

Our board of directors performs its risk oversight function primarily through (a) its three standing committees, which report to the entire board of directors and are comprised solely of independent directors, and (b) active monitoring of our chief compliance officer and our compliance policies and procedures.

As described below in more detail under “Committees of the Board of Directors,” the Audit Committee, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and Compensation Committee assist the board of directors in fulfilling its risk oversight responsibilities. The Audit Committee’s risk oversight responsibilities include overseeing Solar Senior Capital’s accounting and financial reporting processes, Solar Senior Capital’s systems of internal controls regarding finance and accounting, and audits of Solar Senior Capital’s financial statements. The nominating and corporate governance committee’s risk oversight responsibilities include selecting, researching and nominating directors for election by our stockholders, developing and recommending to the board of directors a set of corporate governance principles and overseeing the evaluation of the board of directors and our management. The Compensation Committee’s risk oversight responsibilities include reviewing and recommending to our board of directors for approval the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, between the Company and Solar Capital Partners and the Administration Agreement, between the Company and the Solar Capital Management, and, to the extent that we compensate our executive officers directly in the future, reviewing and evaluating the compensation of our executive officers and making recommendations to the board of directors regarding such compensation.

Our board of directors also performs its risk oversight responsibilities with the assistance of the chief compliance officer. The board of directors annually reviews a written report from the chief compliance officer discussing the adequacy and effectiveness of the compliance policies and procedures of Solar Senior Capital and its service providers. The chief compliance officer’s annual report addresses at a minimum (a) the operation of the compliance policies and procedures of Solar Senior Capital and its service providers since the last report; (b) any material changes to such policies and procedures since the last report; (c) any recommendations for material changes to such policies and procedures as a result of the chief compliance officer’s annual review; and (d) any compliance matter that has occurred since the date of the last report about which the board of directors

 

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would reasonably need to know to oversee our compliance activities and risks. In addition, the chief compliance officer meets separately in executive session with the independent directors at least once each year.

We believe that our board’s role in risk oversight is effective, and appropriate given the extensive regulation to which we are already subject as a BDC. As a BDC, we are required to comply with certain regulatory requirements that control the levels of risk in our business and operations. For example, our ability to incur indebtedness is limited such that our asset coverage must equal at least 200% immediately after each time we incur indebtedness, we generally cannot invest in assets that are not “qualifying assets” unless at least 70% of our total assets consist of “qualifying assets” immediately prior to such investment, and we are not generally permitted to invest, subject to certain exceptions, in any portfolio company in which one of our affiliates currently has an investment. See “Regulation as a Business Development Company.”

We recognize that different board of directors’ roles in risk oversight are appropriate for companies in different situations. We re-examine the manners in which the board of directors administers its oversight function on an ongoing basis to ensure that they continue to meet Solar Senior Capital’s needs.

Committees of the Board of Directors

An Audit Committee, a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and a Compensation Committee have been established by our board of directors. During 2016, our board of directors held five Board of Directors meetings, five Audit Committee meetings and two Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee meetings and two Compensation Committee meetings. During 2016, all directors attended at least 75% of the aggregate number of meetings of the board of directors and of the respective committees on which they serve, except for Leonard A. Potter who attended 50% of the meetings of the Compensation Committee. We require each director to make a diligent effort to attend all board of directors and committee meetings as well as each annual meeting of our stockholders. Two of our directors attended the 2016 annual meeting of stockholders in person.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee operates pursuant to a charter approved by our board of directors, a copy of which is available on our website at http://www.solarseniorcap.com. The charter sets forth the responsibilities of the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee’s responsibilities include selecting the independent registered public accounting firm for Solar Senior Capital, reviewing with such independent registered public accounting firm the planning, scope and results of their audit of Solar Senior Capital’s financial statements, pre-approving the fees for services performed, reviewing with the independent registered public accounting firm the adequacy of internal control systems, reviewing Solar Senior Capital’s annual financial statements and periodic filings and receiving Solar Senior Capital’s audit reports and financial statements. The Audit Committee also establishes guidelines and makes recommendations to our board of directors regarding the valuation of our investments. The Audit Committee is responsible for aiding our board of directors in determining the fair value of debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or for which current market values are not readily available. The board of directors and Audit Committee utilize the services of nationally recognized third-party valuation firms to help determine the fair value of these securities. The Audit Committee is currently composed of Messrs. Hochberg, Wachter and Potter, all of whom are considered independent under the rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market and are not “interested persons” of Solar Senior Capital as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. Mr. Hochberg serves as chairman of the Audit Committee. Our board of directors has determined that Mr. Hochberg is an “audit committee financial expert” as that term is defined under Item 407 of Regulation S-K, as promulgated under the Exchange Act. Mr. Hochberg meets the current independence and experience requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act.

 

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Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee operates pursuant to a charter approved by our board of directors, a copy of which is available on our website at http://www.solarseniorcap.com. The members of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are Messrs. Hochberg, Wachter and Potter, all of whom are considered independent under the rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market and are not “interested persons” of Solar Senior Capital as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. Mr. Wachter serves as chairman of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for selecting, researching and nominating directors for election by our stockholders, selecting nominees to fill vacancies on the board of directors or a committee thereof, developing and recommending to the board of directors a set of corporate governance principles and overseeing the evaluation of the board of directors and our management. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee currently does not consider nominees recommended by our stockholders.

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee seeks candidates who possess the background, skills and expertise to make a significant contribution to the board of directors, Solar Senior Capital and its stockholders. In considering possible candidates for election as a director, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee takes into account, in addition to such other factors as it deems relevant, the desirability of selecting directors who:

 

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are of high character and integrity;

 

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are accomplished in their respective fields, with superior credentials and recognition;

 

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have relevant expertise and experience upon which to be able to offer advice and guidance to management;

 

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have sufficient time available to devote to the affairs of Solar Senior Capital;

 

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are able to work with the other members of the board of directors and contribute to the success of Solar Senior Capital;

 

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can represent the long-term interests of Solar Senior Capital’s stockholders as a whole; and

 

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are selected such that the board of directors represents a range of backgrounds and experiences.

The nominating and corporate governance committee has not adopted a formal policy with regard to the consideration of diversity in identifying director nominees. In determining whether to recommend a director nominee, the nominating and corporate governance committee considers and discusses diversity, among other factors, with a view toward the needs of the board of directors as a whole. The nominating and corporate governance committee generally conceptualizes diversity expansively to include, without limitation, concepts such as race, gender, national origin, differences of viewpoint, professional experience, education, skill and other qualities that contribute to the board of directors, when identifying and recommending director nominees. The nominating and corporate governance committee believes that the inclusion of diversity as one of many factors considered in selecting director nominees is consistent with the nominating and corporate governance committee’s goal of creating a board of directors that best serves the needs of Solar Senior Capital and the interest of its stockholders.

Compensation Committee

The Compensation Committee operates pursuant to a charter approved by our board of directors, a copy of which is available on our website at http://www.solarseniorcap.com. The charter sets forth the responsibilities of the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee is responsible for reviewing and evaluating compensation and making recommendations to the board of directors regarding executive officer direct compensation. In addition, the Compensation Committee is responsible for assisting the our board of directors with matters related to compensation generally. The Compensation Committee has the authority to engage

 

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compensation consultants and to delegate their duties and responsibilities to a member or to a subcommittee of the Compensation Committee. The members of the Compensation Committee are Messrs. Hochberg, Wachter and Potter, all of whom are considered independent under the rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market and are not “interested persons” of the Company as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. Mr. Potter serves as Chairman of the Compensation Committee.

Compensation of Directors

The following table sets forth compensation of Solar Senior Capital’s directors, for the period ended December 31, 2016.

 

Name		Fees Earned or Paid in Cash(1)				Stock Awards(2)				All Other Compensation				Total
Interested Directors
Michael S. Gross			—				—				—				—
Bruce Spohler			—				—				—				—
Independent Directors
Steven Hochberg		$	63,750				—				—			$	63,750
David S. Wachter		$	61,250				—				—			$	61,250
Leonard A. Potter		$	59,750				—				—			$	59,750

 

(1)	For a discussion of the independent directors’ compensation, see below.

(2)

We do not maintain a stock or option plan, non-equity incentive plan or pension plan for our directors. However, our independent directors have the option to receive all or a portion of the directors’ fees to which they would otherwise be entitled in the form of shares of our common stock issued at a price per share equal to the greater of our then-current net asset value per share or the market price at the time of payment. No shares were issued to any of our independent directors in lieu of cash during 2016.

Our independent directors’ annual fee is $50,000. The independent directors also receive $1,250 ($500 if participate telephonically) plus reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attending each board meeting and $500 plus reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with each committee meeting attended. In addition, the chairman of the audit committee receives an annual fee of $3,750 and the chairman of the nominating and corporate governance committee receives an annual fee of $1,250 and the chairman of the compensation committee receives an annual fee of $1,250. Further, we purchase directors’ and officers’ liability insurance on behalf of our directors and officers. In addition, no compensation was paid to directors who are interested persons of the company as defined in the 1940 Act.

Compensation of Executive Officers

None of our officers receives direct compensation from Solar Senior Capital. As a result, we do not engage any compensation consultants. Mr. Gross, our Chief Executive Officer and President, and Mr. Spohler, our Chief Operating Officer, through their ownership interest in Solar Senior Capital Partners, our investment adviser, are entitled to a portion of any profits earned by Solar Capital Partners, which includes any fees payable by us to Solar Capital Partners under the terms of our Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, less expenses incurred by Solar Capital Partners in performing its services under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement. Messrs. Gross and Spohler do not receive any additional compensation from Solar Capital Partners in connection with the management of our portfolio.

Mr. Peteka, our Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary and, through Alaric Compliance Services, LLC, Guy Talarico, our Chief Compliance Officer, are paid by Solar Capital Management, our administrator, subject to reimbursement by us of an allocable portion of such compensation for services rendered by such persons to Solar Senior Capital. To the extent that Solar Capital Management outsources any of its functions we will pay the fees associated with such functions on a direct basis without profit to Solar Capital Management.

 

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Indemnification Agreements

We have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors. The indemnification agreements are intended to provide our directors the maximum indemnification permitted under Maryland law and the 1940 Act. Each indemnification agreement provides that Solar Senior Capital shall indemnify the director who is a party to the agreement, or an Indemnitee, including the advancement of legal expenses, if, by reason of his or her corporate status, the Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be, made a party to or a witness in any threatened, pending, or completed proceeding, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and the 1940 Act.

 

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PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

The management of our investment portfolio is the responsibility of our investment adviser, Solar Capital Partners, and its investment committee, which is led by Messrs. Gross and Spohler. For more information regarding the business experience of Messrs. Gross and Spohler, see “Management — Board of Directors and Executive Officers — Interested Directors.” Solar Capital Partners’ investment committee must approve each new investment that we make. The members of Solar Capital Partners’ investment committee are not employed by us, and receive no compensation from us in connection with their portfolio management activities. However, Messrs. Gross and Spohler, through their financial interests in Solar Capital Partners, will be entitled to a portion of any investment advisory fees paid by Solar Senior Capital to Solar Capital Partners.

Investment Personnel

We consider Messrs. Gross and Spohler, who lead Solar Capital Partners’ investment committee, to be our portfolio managers.

In addition to managing our investments, our portfolio managers also currently manage the following entity:

 

Name		Entity		Investment Focus		Gross Assets(1)
Solar Capital Ltd.		BDC		Primarily mezzanine debt and equity investments in middle-market leveraged companies		$	1.6 billion	(1)

 

(1)	As of June 30, 2017.

The table below shows the dollar range of shares of our common stock to be beneficially owned by each of our portfolio managers.

 

Name of Portfolio Manager		Dollar Range of Equity Securities in Solar Senior Capital(1)(2)
Michael S. Gross		Over $1 million
Bruce Spohler		Over $1 million

 

(1)	Dollar ranges are as follows: None, $1 — $10,000, $10,001 — $50,000, $50,001 — $100,000, $100,001 — $500,000; $500,001 — $1,000,000 or Over $1,000,000.

(2)	The dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned in us is based on the closing price for our common stock of $17.61 on October 3, 2017 on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

Compensation

None of Solar Capital Partners’ investment professionals receive any direct compensation from us in connection with the management of our portfolio. Messrs. Gross and Spohler, through their financial interests in Solar Capital Partners, are entitled to a portion of any profits earned by Solar Capital Partners, which includes any fees payable to Solar Capital Partners under the terms of our Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, less expenses incurred by Solar Capital Partners in performing its services under our Investment Advisory and Management Agreement.

 

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INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT

Management Services

Solar Capital Partners serves as our investment adviser. Solar Capital Partners is an investment adviser that is registered as an investment adviser under the Advisers Act. Subject to the overall supervision of our board of directors, our investment adviser manages the day-to-day operations of, and provides investment advisory and management services to, Solar Senior Capital. Under the terms of our Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, Solar Capital Partners:

 

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determines the composition of our portfolio, the nature and timing of the changes to our portfolio and the manner of implementing such changes;

 

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identifies, evaluates and negotiates the structure of the investments we make (including performing due diligence on our prospective portfolio companies);

 

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closes and monitors the investments we make; and

 

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provides us with other investment advisory, research and related services as we may from time to time require.

Solar Capital Partners’ services under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement are not exclusive, and it is free to furnish similar services to other entities so long as its services to us are not impaired. For example, Solar Capital Partners presently serves as investment adviser to Solar Capital Ltd., a publicly-traded BDC which focuses on investing primarily in mezzanine debt and equity investments in middle-market leveraged companies.

Management Fee

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, we have agreed to pay Solar Capital Partners a fee for investment advisory and management services consisting of two components — a base management fee and an incentive fee.

The base management fee is calculated at an annual rate of 1.00% of our gross assets. For services rendered under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, the base management fee is payable quarterly in arrears. The base management fee is calculated based on the average value of our gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters. Base management fees for any partial month or quarter will be appropriately pro-rated. For purposes of computing the base management fee, gross assets exclude temporary assets acquired at the end of each fiscal quarter for purposes of preserving investment flexibility in the next fiscal quarter. Temporary assets include, but are not limited to, U.S. treasury bills, other short-term U.S. government or government agency securities, repurchase agreements or cash borrowings.

The incentive fee has two parts, as follows: one is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based on our pre-incentive fee net investment income for the immediately preceding calendar quarter. For this purpose, pre-incentive fee net investment income means interest income, dividend income and any other income (including any other fees (other than fees for providing managerial assistance), such as commitment, origination, structuring, diligence and consulting fees or other fees that we receive from portfolio companies) accrued during the calendar quarter, minus our operating expenses for the quarter (including the base management fee, expenses payable under the Administration Agreement to Solar Capital Management, and any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued and outstanding preferred stock, but excluding the incentive fee). Pre-incentive fee net investment income includes, in the case of investments with a deferred interest feature (such as original issue discount, debt instruments with pay in kind interest and zero coupon securities), accrued income that we have not yet received in cash. Pre-incentive fee net investment income does not include any realized capital gains, computed net of all realized capital losses or unrealized capital appreciation or depreciation. Pre-incentive

 

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fee net investment income, expressed as a rate of return on the value of our net assets at the end of the immediately preceding calendar quarter, is compared to a hurdle of 1.75% per quarter (7.00% annualized). Our net investment income used to calculate this part of the incentive fee is also included in the amount of our gross assets used to calculate the 1.00% base management fee. We pay Solar Capital Partners an incentive fee with respect to our pre-incentive fee net investment income in each calendar quarter as follows:

 

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no incentive fee in any calendar quarter in which our pre-incentive fee net investment income does not exceed the hurdle of 1.75%;

 

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50% of our pre-incentive fee net investment income with respect to that portion of such pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds the hurdle but is less than 2.9167% in any calendar quarter (11.67% annualized). We refer to this portion of our pre-incentive fee net investment income (which exceeds the hurdle but is less than 2.9167%) as the “catch-up.” The “catch-up” is meant to provide our investment adviser with 20% of our pre-incentive fee net investment income as if a hurdle did not apply if this net investment income exceeds 2.9167% in any calendar quarter; and

 

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20% of the amount of our pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds 2.9167% in any calendar quarter (11.67% annualized) is payable to Solar Capital Partners (once the hurdle is reached and the catch-up is achieved, 20% of all pre-incentive fee investment income thereafter is allocated to Solar Capital Partners).

The following is a graphical representation of the calculation of the income-related portion of the incentive fee:

Pre-incentive fee net investment income

(expressed as a percentage of the value of net assets)

 

Percentage of pre-incentive fee net investment income

allocated to Solar Capital Partners

These calculations are appropriately pro-rated for any period of less than three months. You should be aware that a rise in the general level of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher interest rates applicable to our debt investments. Accordingly, an increase in interest rates would make it easier for us to meet or exceed the incentive fee hurdle rate and may result in a substantial increase of the amount of incentive fees payable to our investment adviser with respect to pre-incentive fee net investment income.

The second part of the incentive fee is determined and payable in arrears as of the end of each calendar year (or upon termination of the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, as of the termination date), and equals 20% of our realized capital gains, if any, on a cumulative basis from inception through the end of each calendar year, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid capital gain incentive fees with respect to each of the investments in our portfolio.

 

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Examples of Quarterly Incentive Fee Calculation

Example 1: Income Related Portion of Incentive Fee (*):

Alternative 1:

Assumptions

Investment income (including interest, dividends, fees, etc.) = 1.25%

Hurdle rate (1) = 1.75%

Management fee (2) = 0.25%

Other expenses (legal, accounting, custodian, transfer agent, etc.) (3) = 0.20%

Pre-incentive fee net investment income

(investment income – (management fee + other expenses)) = 0.80%

Pre-incentive net investment income does not exceed hurdle rate, therefore there is no incentive fee.

Alternative 2:

Assumptions

Investment income (including interest, dividends, fees, etc.) = 2.70%

Hurdle rate (1) = 1.75%

Management fee (2) = 0.25%

Other expenses (legal, accounting, custodian, transfer agent, etc.) (3) = 0.20%

Pre-incentive fee net investment income

(investment income – (management fee + other expenses)) = 2.25%

Incentive fee = 50% × pre-incentive fee net investment income, subject to the “catch-up” (4)

= 50% × (2.25% – 1.75%)

= 0.25%

Alternative 3:

Assumptions

Investment income (including interest, dividends, fees, etc.) = 4.00%

Hurdle rate (1) = 1.75%

Management fee (2) = 0.25%

Other expenses (legal, accounting, custodian, transfer agent, etc.) (3) = 0.20%

Pre-incentive fee net investment income

(investment income – (management fee + other expenses)) = 3.55%

Incentive fee = 20% × pre-incentive fee net investment income, subject to “catch-up” (4)

Incentive fee = 50% × “catch-up” + (20% × (pre-incentive fee net investment income – 2.9167%))

Catch-up = 2.9167% – 1.75%

= 1.1667%

Incentive fee = (50% × 1.1667%) + (20% × (3.55% – 2.9167%))

= 0.58334% + (20% × 0.6333%)

= 0.58334% + 0.12667%

= 0.71001%

 

(*)

The hypothetical amount of pre-incentive fee net investment income shown is based on a percentage of total net assets.

(1)

Represents 7% annualized hurdle rate.

(2)

Represents 1% annualized management fee.

(3)

Excludes organizational and offering expenses.

(4)

The “catch-up” provision is intended to provide our investment adviser with an incentive fee of approximately 20% on all of our pre-incentive fee net investment income as if a hurdle rate did not apply when our net investment income exceeds 2.9167% in any calendar quarter.

 

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Example 2: Capital Gains Portion of Incentive Fee:

Alternative 1:

Assumptions

 

•

Year 1: $20 million investment made in Company A (“Investment A”), and $30 million investment made in Company B (“Investment B”)

 

•

Year 2: Investment A sold for $50 million and fair market value (“FMV”) of Investment B determined to be $32 million

 

•

Year 3: FMV of Investment B determined to be $25 million

 

•

Year 4: Investment B sold for $31 million

The capital gains portion of the incentive fee would be:

 

•

Year 1: None

 

•

Year 2: Capital gains incentive fee of $6 million ($30 million realized capital gains on sale of Investment A multiplied by 20%)

 

•

Year 3: None

$5 million cumulative fee (20% multiplied by $25 million ($30 million cumulative capital gains less $5 million cumulative capital depreciation)) less $6 million (previous capital gains fee paid in Year 2)

 

•

Year 4: Capital gains incentive fee of $200,000

$6.2 million cumulative fee ($31 million cumulative realized capital gains multiplied by 20%) less $6 million (previous capital gains fee paid in Year 2)

Alternative 2:

Assumptions

 

•

Year 1: $20 million investment made in Company A (“Investment A”), $30 million investment made in Company B (“Investment B”) and $25 million investment made in Company C (“Investment C”)

 

•

Year 2: Investment A sold for $50 million, FMV of Investment B determined to be $25 million and FMV of Investment C determined to be $25 million

 

•

Year 3: FMV of Investment B determined to be $27 million and Investment C sold for $30 million

 

•

Year 4: FMV of Investment B determined to be $24 million

 

•

Year 5: Investment B sold for $20 million

The capital gains incentive fee, if any, would be:

 

•

Year 1: None

 

•

Year 2: $5 million capital gains incentive fee

20% multiplied by $25 million ($30 million realized capital gains on sale of Investment A less $5 million unrealized capital depreciation on Investment B)

 

•

Year 3: $1.4 million capital gains incentive fee(1)

$6.4 million cumulative fee (20% multiplied by $32 million ($35 million cumulative realized capital gains less $3 million unrealized capital depreciation)) less $5 million (previous capital gains fee paid in Year 2)

 

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•

Year 4: None

 

•

Year 5: None

$5 million cumulative fee (20% multiplied by $25 million (cumulative realized capital gains of $35 million less realized capital losses of $10 million)) less $6.4 million (previous cumulative capital gains fee paid in Year 2 and Year 3)

 

(1)

As illustrated in Year 3 of Alternative 1 above, if Solar Senior Capital were to be wound up on a date other than December 31 of any year, Solar Senior Capital may have paid aggregate capital gain incentive fees that are more than the amount of such fees that would be payable if Solar Senior Capital had been wound up on December 31 of such year.

Fee Waiver and Recoupment

In connection with an equity offering that the Company completed in September 2016 (the “Offering”), for the quarterly periods ended September 30, 2016 to June 30, 2017 (the “Waiver Period”), Solar Capital Partners agreed to voluntarily waive a portion or all of the incentive fees, and to the extent necessary a portion or all of the base management fees, that Solar Capital Partners would otherwise be entitled to receive pursuant to its investment advisory and management agreement with Solar Capital Partners to the extent required in order for Solar Senior Capital to earn net investment income (exclusive of costs related to the expansion, extension and/or amendments of our credit facilities), as determined in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), sufficient to maintain Solar Senior Capital’s pre-Offering level of distributions. It was agreed that a portion or all of the voluntary fee waivers made during the Waiver Period would be made at Solar Capital Partner’s discretion and would be subject to recapture by Solar Capital Partners and reimbursement by the Company through June 30, 2018 to the extent GAAP net investment income equals or exceeds the pre-Offering level of distributions. The amount to be waived or recaptured would be determined after the end of each quarter during the Waiver Period, with such amounts being accrued on a quarterly basis.

In July 2017, the SEC Staff expressed a view to the Company that the recoupment of fees or expenses waived by the Company must occur within three years from the date of the waiver and must be conditioned on having: (1) an expense ratio (excluding management or incentive fees) that, after giving effect to the recoupment, is lower than the expense ratio (excluding management or incentive fees) at the time of the fee waiver, and (2) a distribution rate (exclusive of return of capital, if any) equal to, or greater than, the distribution rate at the time of the fee waiver.

Payment of Our Expenses

All investment professionals of the investment adviser and their respective staffs, when and to the extent engaged in providing investment advisory and management services, and the compensation and routine overhead expenses of such personnel allocable to such services, are provided and paid for by Solar Capital Partners. We bear all other costs and expenses of our operations and transactions, including (without limitation):

 

•

the cost of our organization and this offering;

 

•

the cost of calculating our net asset value, including the cost of any third-party valuation services;

 

•

the cost of effecting sales and repurchases of our shares and other securities;

 

•

interest payable on debt, if any, to finance our investments;

 

•

fees payable to third parties relating to, or associated with, making investments, including fees and expenses associated with performing due diligence reviews of prospective investments and advisory fees;

 

•

transfer agent and custodial fees;

 

•

fees and expenses associated with marketing efforts;

 

•

federal and state registration fees, any stock exchange listing fees;

 

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•

federal, state and local taxes;

 

•

independent directors’ fees and expenses;

 

•

brokerage commissions;

 

•

fidelity bond, directors and officers errors and omissions liability insurance and other insurance premiums;

 

•

direct costs and expenses of administration, including printing, mailing, long distance telephone and staff;

 

•

fees and expenses associated with independent audits and outside legal costs;

 

•

costs associated with our reporting and compliance obligations under the 1940 Act and applicable federal and state securities laws; and

 

•

all other expenses incurred by either Solar Capital Management or us in connection with administering our business, including payments under the Administration Agreement based upon our allocable portion of overhead and other expenses incurred by Solar Capital Management in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including rent and the allocable portion of the cost of the Company’s chief compliance officer and chief financial officer and their respective staffs.

Duration and Termination

The Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, as amended, was approved by our board of directors on November 2, 2016. Unless earlier terminated as described below, the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement will remain in effect from year to year if approved annually by our board of directors or by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities, including, in either case, approval by a majority of our directors who are not parties to such agreement or who are not “interested persons” of Solar Senior Capital, as such term is defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. The Investment Advisory and Management Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment. The Investment Advisory and Management Agreement may also be terminated by either party without penalty on 60 days’ written notice to the other. See “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure — Our investment adviser can resign on 60 days’ notice, and we may not be able to find a suitable replacement within that time, resulting in a disruption in our operations that could adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations.”

Indemnification

The Investment Advisory and Management Agreement provides that, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of the reckless disregard of its duties and obligations, Solar Capital Partners and its officers, managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons, members and any other person or entity affiliated with it are entitled to indemnification from Solar Senior Capital for any damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlement) arising from the rendering of Solar Capital Partners’ services under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement or otherwise as an investment adviser of Solar Senior Capital.

Organization of the Investment Adviser

Solar Capital Partners is a Delaware limited liability company. The principal executive offices of Solar Capital Partners are located at 500 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022.

Board Approval of the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement

A discussion regarding the basis for our board of director’s approval of our Investment Advisory and Management Agreement will be included in our first proxy statement or annual report on Form 10-K filed subsequent to any such board approval. The discussion of the most recent board approval of our Investment Advisory and Management Agreement is included in our proxy statement filed with the SEC in connection with our 2017 annual meeting of stockholders.

 

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ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT

Solar Capital Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, serves as our administrator. The principal executive offices of Solar Capital Management are located at 500 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022. Pursuant to an Administration Agreement, Solar Capital Management furnishes us with office facilities, equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services at such facilities. Under the Administration Agreement, Solar Capital Management also performs, or oversees the performance of, our required administrative services, which include, among other things, being responsible for the financial records which we are required to maintain and preparing reports to our stockholders. In addition, Solar Capital Management assists us in determining and publishing our net asset value, oversees the preparation and filing of our tax returns and the printing and dissemination of reports to our stockholders, and generally oversees the payment of our expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to us by others. Payments under the Administration Agreement are equal to an amount based upon our allocable portion of Solar Capital Management’s overhead in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including rent, the fees and expenses associated with performing compliance functions and our allocable portion of the compensation of our chief financial officer and any administrative support staff. Under the Administration Agreement, Solar Capital Management will also provide on our behalf managerial assistance to those portfolio companies that request such assistance. Given that Solar Capital Management and Solar Capital Partners are under common control, Solar Capital Management uses the resources and personnel of Solar Capital Partners in connection with its provision of managerial assistance to our portfolio companies on our behalf. The Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without penalty on 60 days’ written notice to the other party.

The Administration Agreement provides that, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of the reckless disregard of its duties and obligations, Solar Capital Management and its officers, managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons, members and any other person or entity affiliated with it are entitled to indemnification from Solar Capital for any damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlement) arising from the rendering of Solar Capital Management’s services under the Administration Agreement or otherwise as administrator for Solar Senior Capital.

LICENSE AGREEMENT

We have entered into a license agreement with Solar Capital Partners pursuant to which Solar Capital Partners has agreed to grant us a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use the name “Solar Capital.” Under this agreement, we have a right to use the Solar Capital name for so long as the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement with our investment adviser is in effect. Other than with respect to this limited license, we will have no legal right to the “Solar Capital” name.

 

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND TRANSACTIONS

We have entered into the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement with Solar Capital Partners. Mr. Gross, our Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President, and Mr. Spohler, our Chief Operating Officer and board member, are managing members and senior investment professionals of, and have financial and controlling interests in, Solar Capital Partners. In addition, Mr. Peteka, our Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary, serves as the Chief Financial Officer for Solar Capital Partners.

Solar Capital Partners may also manage other funds in the future that may have investment mandates that are similar, in whole and in part, with ours. For example, Solar Capital Partners presently serves as investment adviser to Solar Capital, a publicly-traded BDC, which focuses on investing primarily in senior secured loans, including unitranche loans, mezzanine loans and equity securities. In addition, Michael S. Gross, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Bruce Spohler, our Chief Operating Officer, and Richard L. Peteka, our Chief Financial Officer, serve in similar capacities for Solar Capital Ltd. Solar Capital Partners and certain investment advisory affiliates may determine that an investment is appropriate for us and for Solar Capital or one or more of those other funds. In such event, depending on the availability of such investment and other appropriate factors, Solar Capital Partners or its affiliates may determine that we should invest side-by-side with one or more other funds. Any such investments will be made only to the extent permitted by applicable law and interpretive positions of the SEC and its staff, and consistent with Solar Capital Partners’ allocation procedures.

Related party transactions may occur between the Company and Gemino, between the Company and FLLP, between the Company and Solar Life Science Program LLC and between the Company and FLLP 2015-1, LLC. These transactions may occur in the normal course of business. No administrative fees are paid to Solar Capital Partners by Gemino, Solar Life Science Program LLC or FLLP.

In addition, we have adopted a formal code of ethics that governs the conduct of our officers and directors. Our officers and directors also remain subject to the duties imposed by both the 1940 Act and the Maryland General Corporation Law.

Regulatory restrictions limit our ability to invest in any portfolio company in which any affiliate currently has an investment. We, Solar Capital Ltd., and Solar Capital Partners, have received an exemptive order from the SEC to permit greater flexibility to negotiate the terms of co-investments (the “Prior Exemptive Order”). On June 13, 2017, the Company, Solar Capital Ltd., and Solar Capital Partners received an exemptive order (the “Exemptive Order”) for a co-investment order that supersedes the Prior Exemptive Order and extends the relief granted in the Prior Exemptive Order such that it no longer applies to certain affiliates only if their respective investment adviser is Solar Capital Partners, but also applies to certain affiliates whose investment adviser is an investment adviser that controls, is controlled by or is under common control with Solar Capital Partners and is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The terms and conditions of the Exemptive Order are otherwise substantially similar to the Prior Exemptive Order. The Exemptive Order permits us to participate in negotiated co-investment transactions with certain affiliates in a manner consistent with our investment objective, positions, policies, strategies and restrictions as well as regulatory requirements and other pertinent factors, and pursuant to the conditions to the Exemptive Order. If we are unable to rely on the Exemptive Order for a particular opportunity, such opportunity will be allocated first to the entity whose investment strategy is the most consistent with the opportunity being allocated, and second, if the terms of the opportunity are consistent with more than one entity’s investment strategy, on an alternating basis. Co-investment under the Exemptive Order is subject to certain conditions therein, including the condition that, in the case of each co-investment transaction, our board of directors determines that it would be in our best interest to participate in the transaction. However, neither we nor the affiliated funds are obligated to invest or co-invest when investment opportunities are referred to us or them. We believe that it will be advantageous for us to co-invest with funds managed by Solar Capital Partners where such investment is consistent with the investment objectives, investment positions, investment policies, investment strategy, investment restrictions, regulatory requirements and other pertinent factors applicable to us.

 

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We have entered into a license agreement with Solar Capital Partners, pursuant to which Solar Capital Partners has agreed to grant us a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use the name “Solar Capital.” In addition, pursuant to the terms of the Administration Agreement, Solar Capital Management provides us with the office facilities and administrative services necessary to conduct our day-to-day operations. Solar Capital Partners is the sole member of and controls Solar Capital Management.

 

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CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS

The following table sets forth certain ownership information as of October 3, 2017 with respect to Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s common stock for those persons who, directly or indirectly, own, control or hold with the power to vote, 5% or more of Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s common stock, and all officers and directors as a group.

 

Name		Type of Ownership				Shares Owned(1)				Percentage(2)
Michael S. Gross(3)(4)			Direct and Indirect				851,819				5.3	%
All officers and directors as a group (7 persons)(5)			Direct and Indirect				896,254				5.6	%

 

(1)

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Assumes no other purchases or sales of our common stock since the most recently available SEC filings. This assumption has been made under the rules and regulations of the SEC and does not reflect any knowledge that we have with respect to the present intent of the beneficial owners of our common stock listed in this table.

(2)	Percentages are based on 16,033,733 shares of common stock outstanding as of October 3, 2017.

(3)

Includes (i) 455,500 shares held by Solar Senior Capital Investors LLC and (ii) 100 shares held by Solar Capital Management, LLC, each of which may be deemed to be beneficially owned by Michael S. Gross and by Bruce Spohler by virtue of their collective ownership interests in, and control of, Solar Senior Capital Investors LLC and Solar Capital Management, LLC. Also includes 63,050 shares held by Solar Capital Partners Employee Stock Plan LLC, which is controlled by Solar Capital Partners, LLC. Mr. Gross and Mr. Spohler may be deemed to beneficially own the shares held by Solar Capital Partners Employee Stock Plan LLC by virtue of their collective ownership interest in Solar Capital Partners, LLC. The address for each of Solar Capital Management, LLC and Solar Senior Capital Investors LLC is 500 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022.

(4)

Includes (i) 4,844 shares directly held individually by Michael S. Gross’ tax-qualified retirement/profit sharing plan (the “Profit Sharing Plan”) which may be deemed to be directly beneficially owned by Mr. Gross as the sole participant in the Profit Sharing Plan and (ii) 96,717 shares directly held by a grantor retained annuity trust setup by and for Michael S. Gross.

(5)

The address for all officers and directors is 500 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022.

The following table sets forth the dollar range of our equity securities beneficially owned by each of our directors as of October 3, 2017.

 

Name of Director		Dollar Range of Equity Securities in Solar Senior  Capital(1)(2)
Interested Directors
Michael S. Gross		Over $	100,000
Bruce Spohler		Over $	100,000
Independent Directors
Steven Hochberg		Over $	100,000
David S. Wachter		Over $	100,000
Leonard A. Potter		Over $	100,000

 

(1)	The dollar ranges are: None, $1-$10,000, $10,001-$50,000, $50,001-$100,000, or Over $100,000.

(2)	The dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned in us is based on the closing price for our common stock of $17.61 on October 3, 2017 on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. Beneficial ownership has been determined in accordance with Rule 16a-1(a)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

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REGULATION AS A BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT COMPANY

General

A BDC is regulated by the 1940 Act. A BDC must be organized in the United States for the purpose of investing in or lending to primarily private companies and making significant managerial assistance available to them. A BDC may use capital provided by public stockholders and from other sources to make long-term, private investments in businesses. A BDC provides stockholders the ability to retain the liquidity of a publicly traded stock while sharing in the possible benefits, if any, of investing in primarily privately owned companies.

We may not change the nature of our business so as to cease to be, or withdraw our election as, a BDC unless authorized by vote of a majority of our outstanding voting securities, as required by the 1940 Act. A majority of the outstanding voting securities of a company is defined under the 1940 Act as the lesser of: (a) 67% or more of such company’s voting securities present at a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of such company are present or represented by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of such company. We do not anticipate any substantial change in the nature of our business.

As with other companies regulated by the 1940 Act, a BDC must adhere to certain substantive regulatory requirements. A majority of our directors must be persons who are not interested persons, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act. Additionally, we are required to provide and maintain a bond issued by a reputable fidelity insurance company to protect the BDC. Furthermore, as a BDC, we are prohibited from protecting any director or officer against any liability to us or our stockholders arising from willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person’s office.

As a BDC, we are required to meet an asset coverage ratio, reflecting the value of our total assets to our total senior securities, which include all of our borrowings and any preferred stock we may issue in the future, of at least 200%. We may also be prohibited under the 1940 Act from knowingly participating in certain transactions with our affiliates without the prior approval of our directors who are not interested persons and, in some cases, prior approval by the SEC.

As a BDC, we were substantially limited in our ability to co-invest in privately negotiated transactions with affiliated funds until we obtained an exemptive order from the SEC on July 28, 2014 (the “Prior Exemptive Order”). On June 13, 2017, the Company, Solar Capital Ltd., and Solar Capital Partners received an exemptive order (the “Exemptive Order”) for a co-investment order that supersedes the Prior Exemptive Order and extends the relief granted in the Exemptive Order such that it no longer applies to certain affiliates only if their respective investment adviser is Solar Capital Partners, but also applies to certain affiliates whose investment adviser is an investment adviser that controls, is controlled by or is under common control with Solar Capital Partners and is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The terms of the Exemptive Order are otherwise substantially similar to the Prior Exemptive Order. The Exemptive Order permits us to participate in negotiated co-investment transactions with certain affiliates, each of whose investment adviser is Solar Capital Partners, or an investment adviser controlling, controlled by or under common control with Solar Capital Partners, in a manner consistent with our investment objective, positions, policies, strategies and restrictions as well as regulatory requirements and other pertinent factors, and pursuant to the conditions to the Exemptive Order. If we are unable to rely on the Exemptive Order for a particular opportunity, such opportunity will be allocated first to the entity whose investment strategy is the most consistent with the opportunity being allocated, and second, if the terms of the opportunity are consistent with more than one entity’s investment strategy, on an alternating basis. Co-investment under the Exemptive Order is subject to certain conditions therein, including the condition that, in the case of each co-investment transaction, our board of directors determines that it would be in our best interest to participate in the transaction. However, neither we nor the affiliated funds are obligated to invest or co-invest when investment opportunities are referred to us or them.

We are generally not able to issue and sell our common stock at a price below net asset value per share without annual stockholder approval. We may, however, sell our common stock, or warrants, options or rights to

 

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acquire our common stock, at a price below the then-current net asset value of our common stock if our board of directors determines that such sale is in our best interests and the best interests of our stockholders, and our stockholders approve such sale. At our Annual Meeting of Stockholders on May 17, 2017, our stockholders approved a proposal authorizing us to sell up to 25% of our common stock at a price below our then-current asset value per share, subject to the approval by our board of directors for the offering. This authorization expires on the earlier of May 17, 2018 and the date of our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which is expected to be held in May 2018. In addition, we may generally issue new shares of our common stock at a price below net asset value in rights offerings to existing stockholders, in payment of dividends and in certain other limited circumstances.

As a BDC, we are generally limited in our ability to invest in any portfolio company in which our investment adviser or any of its affiliates currently have an investment or to make any co-investments with our investment adviser or its affiliates without an exemptive order from the SEC, subject to certain exceptions.

We will be periodically examined by the SEC for compliance with federal securities laws, including the 1940 Act.

Qualifying Assets

Under the 1940 Act, a BDC may not acquire any asset other than assets of the type listed in Section 55(a) of the 1940 Act, which are referred to as qualifying assets, unless, at the time the acquisition is made, qualifying assets represent at least 70% of the BDC’s total assets. The principal categories of qualifying assets relevant to our business are the following:

(1) Securities purchased in transactions not involving any public offering from the issuer of such securities, which issuer (subject to certain limited exceptions) is an eligible portfolio company, or from any person who is, or has been during the preceding 13 months, an affiliated person of an eligible portfolio company, or from any other person, subject to such rules as may be prescribed by the SEC. An eligible portfolio company is defined in the 1940 Act as any issuer which:

(a) is organized under the laws of, and has its principal place of business in, the United States;

(b) is not an investment company (other than a small business investment company wholly owned by the BDC) or a company that would be an investment company but for certain exclusions under the 1940 Act; and

(c) satisfies any of the following:

i.) does not have any class of securities that is traded on a national securities exchange;

ii.) has a class of securities listed on a national securities exchange, but has an aggregate market value of outstanding voting and non-voting common equity of less than $250 million;

iii.) is controlled by a BDC or a group of companies including a BDC and the BDC has an affiliated person who is a director of the eligible portfolio company; or

iv.) is a small and solvent company having total assets of not more than $4.0 million and capital and surplus of not less than $2.0 million.

(2) Securities of any eligible portfolio company which we control which, as defined by the 1940 Act, is presumed to exist where a BDC beneficially owns more than 25% of the outstanding voting securities of the portfolio company.

(3) Securities purchased in a private transaction from a U.S. issuer that is not an investment company or from an affiliated person of the issuer, or in transactions incident thereto, if the issuer is in bankruptcy and subject to reorganization or if the issuer, immediately prior to the purchase of its securities, was unable to meet its obligations as they came due without material assistance other than conventional lending or financing arrangements.

 

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(4) Securities of an eligible portfolio company purchased from any person in a private transaction if there is no ready market for such securities and we already own 60% of the outstanding equity of the eligible portfolio company.

(5) Securities received in exchange for or distributed on or with respect to securities described in (1) through (4) above, or pursuant to the exercise of warrants or rights relating to such securities.

(6) Cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities or high-quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment.

(7) Office furniture and equipment, interests in real estate and leasehold improvements and facilities maintained to conduct the business operations of the BDC, deferred organization and operating expenses, and other noninvestment assets necessary and appropriate to its operations as a BDC, including notes of indebtedness of directors, officers, employees, and general partners held by a BDC as payment for securities of such company issued in connection with an executive compensation plan described in Section 57(j) of the 1940 Act.

Under Section 55(b) of the 1940 Act, the value of a BDC’s assets shall be determined as of the date of the most recent financial statements filed by such company with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 of the 1934 Act, and shall be determined no less frequently than annually.

Significant Managerial Assistance to Portfolio Companies

As a BDC, we offer, and must provide upon request, significant managerial assistance to our portfolio companies. This assistance could involve, among other things, monitoring the operations of our portfolio companies, participating in board and management meetings, consulting with and advising officers of portfolio companies and providing other organizational and financial guidance. We may also receive fees for these services. Solar Capital Management provides such managerial assistance, if any, on our behalf to portfolio companies that request this assistance.

Temporary Investments

Pending investment in other types of “qualifying assets,” as described above, our investments may consist of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities or high-quality investment grade debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, which we refer to, collectively, as temporary investments, so that 70% of our assets are qualifying assets. Typically, we will invest in U.S. Treasury bills or in repurchase agreements, provided that such repurchase agreements are fully collateralized by cash or securities issued by the U.S. government or its agencies. A repurchase agreement involves the purchase by an investor, such as us, of a specified security and the simultaneous agreement by the seller to repurchase it at an agreed-upon future date and at a price which is greater than the purchase price by an amount that reflects an agreed-upon interest rate. There is no percentage restriction on the proportion of our assets that may be invested in such repurchase agreements. However, if more than 25% of our total assets constitute repurchase agreements from a single counterparty, we would not meet the diversification tests in order to qualify as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Thus, we do not intend to enter into repurchase agreements with a single counterparty in excess of this limit. Our investment adviser will monitor the creditworthiness of the counterparties with which we enter into repurchase agreement transactions.

Senior Securities

We are permitted, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of indebtedness and one class of stock senior to our common stock if our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least equal to 200% immediately after each such issuance. In addition, while any senior securities remain outstanding, we must make provisions to prohibit any distribution to our stockholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless we

 

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meet the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the distribution or repurchase. We may also borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of our total assets for temporary or emergency purposes without regard to asset coverage. We may borrow money, which would magnify the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing in us.

Code of Ethics

We and Solar Capital Partners have each adopted a code of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act, respectively, that establishes procedures for personal investments and restricts certain transactions by our personnel. Our codes of ethics generally do not permit investments by our employees in securities that may be purchased or held by us. You may read and copy these codes of ethics at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1 (800) SEC-0330. In addition, each code of ethics is available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. You may also obtain copies of the codes of ethics, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following Email address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SEC’s Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549.

Compliance Policies and Procedures

We and our investment adviser have adopted and implemented written policies and procedures reasonably designed to detect and prevent violation of the federal securities laws. We are required to review these compliance policies and procedures annually for their adequacy and the effectiveness of their implementation and to designate a chief compliance officer to be responsible for their administration. Guy Talarico currently serves as our chief compliance officer.

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 imposes a wide variety of new regulatory requirements on publicly-held companies and their insiders. Many of these requirements affect us. For example:

 

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pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Exchange Act, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer must certify the accuracy of the financial statements contained in our periodic reports;

 

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pursuant to Item 307 of Regulation S-K, our periodic reports must disclose our conclusions about the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures;

 

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pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act, our management is required to prepare an annual report regarding its assessment of our internal control over financial reporting and to obtain an audit of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting performed by our independent registered public accounting firm; and

 

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pursuant to Item 308 of Regulation S-K and Rule 13a-15 of the 1934 Act, our periodic reports must disclose whether there were significant changes in our internal controls over financial reporting or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of their evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires us to review our current policies and procedures to determine whether we comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder. We will continue to monitor our compliance with all regulations that are adopted under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and will take actions necessary to ensure that we are in compliance therewith.

 

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Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

We have delegated our proxy voting responsibility to our investment adviser. A summary of the Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures of our adviser are set forth below. The guidelines are reviewed periodically by the adviser and our non-interested directors, and, accordingly, are subject to change.

As an investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, Solar Capital Partners has a fiduciary duty to act solely in the best interests of its clients. As part of this duty, it recognizes that it must vote securities held by its clients in a timely manner free of conflicts of interest. These policies and procedures for voting proxies for investment advisory clients are intended to comply with Section 206 of, and Rule 206(4)-6 under, the Advisers Act.

Our investment adviser votes proxies relating to our portfolio securities in the best interest of our stockholders. Solar Capital Partners reviews on a case-by-case basis each proposal submitted for a proxy vote to determine its impact on our investments. Although it generally votes against proposals that may have a negative impact on our investments, it may vote for such a proposal if there exists compelling long-term reasons to do so. The proxy voting decisions of our investment adviser are made by the investment professionals who are responsible for monitoring each of our investments. To ensure that our vote is not the product of a conflict of interest, it requires that: (i) anyone involved in the decision making process disclose to a managing member of Solar Capital Partners any potential conflict that he or she is aware of and any contact that he or she has had with any interested party regarding a proxy vote; and (ii) employees involved in the decision making process or vote administration are prohibited from revealing how we intend to vote on a proposal in order to reduce any attempted influence from interested parties.

You may obtain information about how we voted proxies by making a written request for proxy voting information to: Solar Capital Partners, LLC, 500 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022.

Privacy Principles

We are committed to maintaining the privacy of our stockholders and to safeguarding their non-public personal information. The following information is provided to help you understand what personal information we collect, how we protect that information and why, in certain cases, we may share information with select other parties.

Generally, we do not receive any non-public personal information relating to our stockholders, although certain non-public personal information of our stockholders may become available to us. We do not disclose any non-public personal information about our stockholders (or former stockholders) to anyone, except as permitted by law or as is necessary in order to service stockholder accounts (for example, to a transfer agent or third party administrator).

We restrict access to non-public personal information about our stockholders to employees of our investment adviser and its affiliates with a legitimate business need for the information. We maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards designed to protect the non-public personal information of our stockholders.

 

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DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

Quarterly Determinations

We determine the net asset value of our investment portfolio each quarter by subtracting our total liabilities from the fair value of our total assets.

We conduct the valuation of our assets, pursuant to which our net asset value shall be determined, at all times consistent with GAAP and the 1940 Act. We generally value our assets on a quarterly basis, or more frequently if required under the 1940 Act. Our valuation procedures are set forth in more detail below:

Securities for which market quotations are readily available on an exchange shall be valued at such price as of the closing price on the day of valuation. We may also obtain quotes with respect to certain of our investments from pricing services or brokers or dealers in order to value assets. When doing so, we determine whether the quote obtained is sufficient according to GAAP to determine the fair value of the security. If determined adequate, we use the quote obtained.

Securities for which reliable market quotations are not readily available or for which the pricing source does not provide a valuation or methodology or provides a valuation or methodology that, in the judgment of our investment adviser or board of directors, does not represent fair value, shall each be valued as follows: (i) each portfolio company or investment is initially valued by the investment professionals responsible for the portfolio investment; (ii) preliminary valuation conclusions are documented and discussed with our senior management; (iii) independent third-party valuation firms engaged by, or on behalf of, the board of directors will conduct independent appraisals and review management’s preliminary valuations and make their own assessment for (a) each portfolio investment that, when taken together with all other investments in the same portfolio company, exceeds 10% of our total assets, plus available borrowings, as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter, and (b) each portfolio asset that is presently in default; and (iv) the board of directors will discuss valuations and determine the fair value of each investment in our portfolio in good faith based on the input of the investment adviser and, where appropriate, the respective third-party valuation firms.

The recommendation of fair value will generally be based on the following factors, as relevant:

 

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the nature and realizable value of any collateral;

 

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the portfolio company’s ability to make payments;

 

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the portfolio company’s earnings and discounted cash flow;

 

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the markets in which the issuer does business; and

 

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comparisons to publicly traded securities.

Securities for which market quotations are not readily available or for which a pricing source is not sufficient may include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

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private placements and restricted securities that do not have an active trading market;

 

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securities whose trading has been suspended or for which market quotes are no longer available;

 

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debt securities that have recently gone into default and for which there is no current market;

 

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securities whose prices are stale;

 

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securities affected by significant events; and

 

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securities that the investment adviser believes were priced incorrectly.

Determination of fair value involves subjective judgments and estimates. Accordingly, the notes to our financial statements express the uncertainty with respect to the possible effect of such valuations, and any change in such valuations, on our financial statements.

 

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Determinations in Connection with Offerings

In connection with future offering of shares of our common stock, to the extent we do not have stockholder approval to sell below NAV, our board of directors or an authorized committee thereof will be required to make a good faith determination that we are not selling shares of our common stock at a price below the then current net asset value of our common stock at the time at which the sale is made. Our board of directors or an authorized committee thereof will consider the following factors, among others, in making such determination:

 

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the net asset value of our common stock disclosed in the most recent periodic report that we filed with the SEC;

 

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our management’s assessment of whether any material change in the net asset value of our common stock has occurred (including through the realization of gains on the sale of our portfolio securities) during the period beginning on the date of the most recently disclosed net asset value of our common stock and ending as of a time within 48 hours (excluding Sundays and holidays) of the sale of our common stock; and

 

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the magnitude of the difference between (i) a value that our board of directors or an authorized committee thereof has determined reflects the current (as of a time within 48 hours excluding Sundays and holidays) net asset value of our common stock, which is based upon the net asset value of our common stock disclosed in the most recent periodic report we filed with the SEC, as adjusted to reflect our management’s assessment of any material change in the net asset value of our common stock since the date of the most recently disclosed net asset value of our common stock, and (ii) the offering price of the shares of our common stock in the proposed offering.

Moreover, to the extent that there is even a remote possibility that we may (i) issue shares of our common stock at a price below the then current net asset value of our common stock at the time at which the sale is made or (ii) trigger the undertaking (which we provide in certain registration statements we file with the SEC) to suspend the offering of shares of our common stock pursuant to this prospectus if the net asset value of our common stock fluctuates by certain amounts in certain circumstances until the prospectus is amended, our board of directors or an authorized committee thereof will elect, in the case of clause (i) above, either to postpone the offering until such time that there is no longer the possibility of the occurrence of such event or to undertake to determine the net asset value of our common stock within two days prior to any such sale to ensure that such sale will not be below our then current net asset value, and, in the case of clause (ii) above, to comply with such undertaking or to undertake to determine the net asset value of our common stock to ensure that such undertaking has not been triggered.

These processes and procedures are part of our compliance policies and procedures. Records will be made contemporaneously with all determinations described in this section and these records will be maintained with other records that we are required to maintain under the 1940 Act.

 

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DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN

We have adopted a dividend reinvestment plan that provides for reinvestment of our dividends and other distributions on behalf of our stockholders, unless a stockholder elects to receive cash as provided below. As a result, if our board of directors authorizes, and we declare, a cash distribution, then our stockholders who have not opted out of our dividend reinvestment plan will have their cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of our common stock, rather than receiving the cash distributions.

No action will be required on the part of a registered stockholder to have his cash distribution reinvested in shares of our common stock. A registered stockholder may elect to receive an entire distribution in cash by notifying American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, the plan administrator and our transfer agent and registrar, in writing so that such notice is received by the plan administrator no later than the record date for distributions to stockholders. The plan administrator will set up an account for shares acquired through the plan for each stockholder who has not elected to receive distributions in cash and hold such shares in non-certificated form. Upon request by a stockholder participating in the plan, received in writing not less than 10 days prior to the record date, the plan administrator will, instead of crediting shares to the participant’s account, issue a certificate registered in the participant’s name for the number of whole shares of our common stock and a check for any fractional share.

Those stockholders whose shares are held by a broker or other financial intermediary may receive distributions in cash by notifying their broker or other financial intermediary of their election.

We intend to use primarily newly issued shares to implement the plan, whether our shares are trading at a premium or at a discount to net asset value. However, we reserve the right to purchase shares in the open market in connection with our implementation of the plan. If we declare a distribution to stockholders, the plan administrator may be instructed not to credit accounts with newly-issued shares and instead to buy shares in the market if (i) the price at which newly-issued shares are to be credited does not exceed 110% of the last determined net asset value of the shares; or (ii) we have advised the plan administrator that since such net asset value was last determined, we have become aware of events that indicate the possibility of a material change in per share net asset value as a result of which the net asset value of the shares on the payment date might be higher than the price at which the plan administrator would credit newly-issued shares to stockholders. The number of shares to be issued to a stockholder is determined by dividing the total dollar amount of the distribution payable to such stockholder by the market price per share of our common stock at the close of regular trading on the valuation date for such distribution. Market price per share on that date will be the closing price for such shares on the national securities exchange on which our shares are then listed or, if no sale is reported for such day, at the average of their reported bid and asked prices. The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after giving effect to payment of the distribution cannot be established until the value per share at which additional shares will be issued has been determined and elections of our stockholders have been tabulated.

There will be no brokerage charges or other charges to stockholders who participate in the plan. The plan administrator’s fees under the plan will be paid by us. If a participant elects by written notice to the plan administrator to have the plan administrator sell part or all of the shares held by the plan administrator in the participant’s account and remit the proceeds to the participant, the plan administrator is authorized to deduct a transaction fee of $15 plus a per share brokerage commissions from the proceeds.

Stockholders who receive distributions in the form of stock are subject to the same federal, state and local tax consequences as are stockholders who elect to receive their distributions in cash. A stockholder’s basis for determining gain or loss upon the sale of stock received in a distribution from us will be equal to the amount of cash they would have received if they had elected to receive the distribution in cash, or the fair market value of the distributed shares if such shares have a fair market value equal to or greater than net asset value. Any stock received in a distribution will have a new holding period for tax purposes commencing on the day following the day on which the shares are credited to the U.S. stockholder’s account.

 

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The plan may be terminated by us upon notice in writing mailed to each participant at least 30 days prior to any record date for the payment of any distribution by us. All correspondence concerning the plan should be directed to the plan administrator by mail at 6201 15^th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219 or by phone at (800) 937-5449.

 

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CERTAIN U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following discussion is a general summary of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to us and to an investment in our common stock. This summary does not purport to be a complete description of the income tax considerations applicable to such an investment. For example, we have not described tax consequences that we assume to be generally known by investors or certain considerations that may be relevant to certain types of holders subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws, including stockholders subject to the alternative minimum tax, tax-exempt organizations, insurance companies, dealers in securities, pension plans and trusts, and financial institutions. This summary assumes that investors hold our common stock as capital assets (within the meaning of the Code). The discussion is based upon the Code, Treasury regulations, and administrative and judicial interpretations, each as in effect as of the date of this registration statement and all of which are subject to change, possibly retroactively, which could affect the continuing validity of this discussion. We have not sought and will not seek any ruling from the Internal Revenue Service regarding this offering. This summary does not discuss any aspects of U.S. estate or gift tax or foreign, state or local tax. It does not discuss the special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws that could result if we invested in tax-exempt securities or certain other investment assets in which we do not currently intend to invest.

This summary does not discuss the consequences of an investment in shares of our preferred stock, debt securities or warrants representing rights to purchase shares of our common stock, preferred stock or debt securities. The U.S. federal income tax consequences of such an investment will be discussed in a relevant prospectus supplement.

A “U.S. stockholder” generally is a beneficial owner of shares of our common stock who is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

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a citizen or individual resident of the United States including an alien individual who is a lawful permanent resident of the United States or meets the “substantial presence” test under Section 7701(b) of the Code;

 

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a corporation or other entity taxable as a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia;

 

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a trust, if a court in the United States has primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all decisions of the trust, or the trust has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person; or

 

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an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source.

A “non-U.S. stockholder” is a beneficial owner of shares of our common stock that is an individual, corporation, trust or estate and is not a U.S. stockholder.

If a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds shares of our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective stockholder who is a partner of a partnership holding shares of our common stock should consult its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares of our common stock.

Tax matters are very complicated and the tax consequences to an investor of an investment in our shares will depend on the facts of its particular situation. We encourage investors to consult their own tax advisors regarding the specific consequences of such an investment, including tax reporting requirements, the applicability of federal, state, local and foreign tax laws, eligibility for the benefits of any applicable tax treaty and the effect of any possible changes in the tax laws.

 

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As a BDC, we elected to be treated, and intend to qualify annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, beginning with our 2011 taxable year. As a RIC, we generally will not have to pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that we distribute to our stockholders as dividends. To continue to qualify as a RIC, we must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements (as described below). In addition, to qualify for RIC tax treatment we must distribute to our stockholders, for each taxable year, at least 90% of our “investment company taxable income,” which is generally our ordinary income plus the excess of our realized net short-term capital gains over our realized net long-term capital losses (the “Annual Distribution Requirement”).

Taxation as a Regulated Investment Company

If we:

 

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qualify as a RIC; and

 

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satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement;

then we will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of our investment company taxable income and net capital gain (i.e., realized net long-term capital gains in excess of realized net short-term capital losses) we distribute to stockholders. We will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the regular corporate rates on any income or capital gain not distributed (or deemed distributed) to our stockholders.

We will be subject to a 4% nondeductible U.S. federal excise tax on certain undistributed income unless we distribute in a timely manner an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of our ordinary income for each calendar year, (2) 98.2% of our capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 in that calendar year and (3) any income realized, but not distributed, and on which we paid no U.S. federal income tax, in preceding years (the “Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement”). We currently intend to make sufficient distributions each taxable year to satisfy the Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement.

In order to maintain our qualification as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we must, among other things:

 

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at all times during each taxable year, have in effect an election to be treated as a BDC under the 1940 Act;

 

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derive in each taxable year at least 90% of our gross income from (a) distributions, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale of stock or other securities or currencies, or other income derived with respect to our business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and (b) net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership;” and

 

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diversify our holdings so that at the end of each quarter of the taxable year:

 

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at least 50% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and other securities if such other securities of any one issuer do not represent more than 5% of the value of our assets or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of the issuer; and

 

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no more than 25% of the value of our assets is invested in (i) the securities, other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs, of one issuer, (ii) the securities of two or more issuers that are controlled, as determined under applicable tax rules, by us and that are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses or (iii) the securities of one or more “qualified publicly traded partnerships.”

We may be required to recognize taxable income in circumstances in which we do not receive cash. For example, if we hold debt obligations that are treated under applicable tax rules as having original issue discount

 

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(such as debt instruments with PIK interest or, in certain cases, increasing interest rates or debt instruments issued with warrants), we must include in income each year a portion of the original issue discount that accrues over the life of the obligation, regardless of whether cash representing such income is received by us in the same taxable year. Because any original issue discount accrued will be included in our investment company taxable income for the year of accrual, we may be required to make a distribution to our stockholders in order to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement, even though we will not have received any corresponding cash amount.

Because we may use debt financing, we will be subject to certain asset coverage ratio requirements under the 1940 Act and financial covenants under loan and credit agreements that could, under certain circumstances, restrict us from making distributions necessary to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement. If we are unable to obtain cash from other sources or are otherwise limited in our ability to make distributions, we could fail to qualify for RIC tax treatment and thus become subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income tax.

Certain of our investment practices may be subject to special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things: (i) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions; (ii) convert lower taxed long-term capital gain into higher taxed short-term capital gain or ordinary income; (iii) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss (the deductibility of which is more limited); (iv) cause us to recognize income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash; (v) adversely affect the time as to when a purchase or sale of securities is deemed to occur; (vi) adversely alter the characterization of certain complex financial transactions; and (vii) produce income that will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 90% gross income test described above. We will monitor our transactions and may make certain tax elections in order to mitigate the potential adverse effect of these provisions.

Gain or loss realized by us from the sale or exchange of warrants acquired by us as well as any loss attributable to the lapse of such warrants generally will be treated as capital gain or loss. The treatment of such gain or loss as long-term or short-term will depend on how long we held a particular warrant. Upon the exercise of a warrant acquired by us, our tax basis in the stock purchased under the warrant will equal the sum of the amount paid for the warrant plus the strike price paid on the exercise of the warrant. Except as set forth below in “Failure to Qualify as a Regulated Investment Company,” the remainder of this discussion assumes we will qualify for tax treatment as a RIC for each taxable year.

Taxation of U.S. Stockholders

Distributions by us generally will be taxable to U.S. stockholders as ordinary income or capital gains. Distributions of our investment company taxable income will be taxable as ordinary income to U.S. stockholders to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional common stock. Distributions of our net capital gains (that is, the excess of our realized net long-term capital gains in excess of realized net short-term capital losses) properly reported by us as “capital gain dividends” will be taxable to a U.S. stockholder as long-term capital gains, regardless of the U.S. stockholder’s holding period for its common stock and regardless of whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional common stock. Distributions of investment company taxable income that are reported by us as being derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed in the hands of non-corporate stockholders at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain, provided that holding period and other requirements are met by both the stockholders and us. Dividends distributed by us will generally not be attributable to qualified dividend income. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits first will reduce a U.S. stockholder’s adjusted tax basis in such U.S. stockholder’s common stock and, after the adjusted basis is reduced to zero, will constitute capital gains to such U.S. stockholder. For a summary of the tax rates applicable to capital gains, including capital gain dividends, see the discussion below.

Under the dividend reinvestment plan, if a U.S. stockholder owns shares of common stock registered in its own name, the U.S. stockholder will have all cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of common stock unless the U.S. stockholder opts out of our dividend reinvestment plan by delivering a written

 

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notice to our dividend paying agent prior to the record date of the next dividend or distribution. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.” Any distributions reinvested under the plan will nevertheless remain taxable to the U.S. stockholder. The U.S. stockholder will have an adjusted basis in the additional common shares purchased through the plan equal to the amount of cash they would have received if they had elected to receive the distribution in cash, or the fair market value of the distributed shares if such shares have a fair market value equal to or greater than net asset value. The additional shares will have a new holding period commencing on the day following the day on which the shares are credited to the U.S. stockholder’s account.

Although we currently intend to distribute realized net capital gains (i.e., net realized long-term capital gains in excess of net realized short-term capital losses), if any, at least annually, we may in the future decide to retain some or all of our net capital gains, but to designate the retained amount as a “deemed distribution.” In that case, among other consequences, we will pay corporate-level U.S. federal income tax on the retained amount, each U.S. stockholder will be required to include its share of the deemed distribution in income as if it had been actually distributed to the U.S. stockholder, and the U.S. stockholder will be entitled to claim a credit or refund equal to its allocable share of the corporate-level U.S. federal income tax we pay on the retained capital gain. The amount of the deemed distribution net of such tax will be added to the U.S. stockholder’s cost basis for its common stock. Since we expect to pay tax on any retained capital gains at our regular corporate capital gain tax rate, and since that rate is in excess of the maximum rate currently payable by non-corporate U.S. stockholders on long-term capital gains, the amount of tax that non-corporate U.S. stockholders will be treated as having paid will exceed the tax they owe on the capital gain distribution. Such excess generally may be claimed as a credit or refund against the U.S. stockholder’s other U.S. federal income tax obligations. A U.S. stockholder that is not subject to U.S. federal income tax or otherwise required to file a U.S. federal income tax return would be required to file a U.S. federal income tax return on the appropriate form in order to claim a refund for the taxes we paid. In order to utilize the deemed distribution approach, we must provide written notice to our stockholders.

As a RIC, we will be subject to the alternative minimum tax (“AMT”), but any items that are treated differently for AMT purposes must be apportioned between us and our stockholders and this may affect the stockholders’ AMT liabilities. Although regulations explaining the precise method of apportionment have not yet been issued by the Internal Revenue Service, we intend in general to apportion these items in the same proportion that distributions paid to each stockholder bear to our taxable income (determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction), unless we determine that a different method for a particular item is warranted under the circumstances.

For purposes of determining (i) whether the Annual Distribution Requirement is satisfied for any year and (ii) the amount of distributions paid for that year, we may, under certain circumstances, elect to treat a distribution that is paid during the following taxable year as if it had been paid during the taxable year in question. If we make such an election, the U.S. stockholder generally will still be treated as receiving the distribution in the taxable year in which the distribution is made. However, any distribution declared by us in October, November, or December of any calendar year, payable to stockholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January of the following year, will be treated as if it had been received by our U.S. stockholders on December 31 of the year in which the distribution was declared.

You should consider the tax implications of buying common stock just prior to a distribution. Even if the price of the common stock includes the amount of the forthcoming distribution, and the distribution economically represents a return of your investment, you will be taxed upon receipt of the distribution and will not be entitled to offset the distribution against the tax basis in your common stock.

You may recognize taxable gain or loss if you sell or exchange your common stock. The amount of the gain or loss will be measured by the difference between your adjusted tax basis in your common stock and the amount of the proceeds you receive in exchange for such stock. Any gain or loss arising from the sale or exchange of our common stock (or, in the case of distributions in excess of the sum of our current and accumulated earnings and profits and your tax basis in the stock, treated as arising from the sale or exchange of our common stock)

 

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generally will be a capital gain or loss if the common stock is held as a capital asset. This capital gain or loss normally will be treated as a long-term capital gain or loss if you have held your common stock for more than one year. Otherwise, it will be classified as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any capital loss arising from the sale or exchange of common stock held for six months or less generally will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of capital gain dividends received, or treated as deemed distributed, with respect to such stock. For this purpose, certain special rules, including rules relating to periods when your risk of loss with respect to your common stock has been diminished, generally apply in determining the holding period of such stock. The ability to deduct capital losses may be subject to other limitations under the Code.

In addition, all or a portion of any loss recognized upon a disposition of shares of our common stock may be disallowed if other shares of our common stock are purchased (whether through reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

In general, individual U.S. stockholders currently are subject to a maximum U.S. federal income tax rate of 20% on their net capital gain, i.e., the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss for a taxable year, including a long-term capital gain derived from an investment in our common stock. In addition, individuals with modified adjusted gross incomes in excess of $200,000 ($250,000 in the case of married individuals filing jointly or $125,000 in the case of married individuals filing separately) and certain estates and trusts are subject to an additional 3.8% tax on their “net investment income,” which generally includes net income from interest, dividends, annuities, royalties, and rents, and net capital gains (other than certain amounts earned from trades or businesses). Corporate U.S. stockholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum 35% rate also applied to ordinary income. Dividends distributed by us to corporate stockholders generally will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction. Tax rates imposed by states and local jurisdictions on capital gain and ordinary income may differ.

We (or the applicable withholding agent) will send to each of our U.S. stockholders, as promptly as possible after the end of each calendar year, a report detailing the amounts includible in such U.S. stockholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income, long-term capital gain and “qualified dividend income,” if any. In addition, the U.S. federal tax status of each year’s distributions generally will be reported to the Internal Revenue Service. Distributions may also be subject to additional state, local, and foreign taxes depending on a U.S. stockholder’s particular situation.

Backup withholding may apply to distributions on the common stock with respect to certain non-exempt U.S. stockholders. Such U.S. stockholders generally will be subject to backup withholding unless the U.S. stockholder provides its correct taxpayer identification number and certain other information, certified under penalties of perjury, to the dividend paying agent, or otherwise establishes an exemption from backup withholding. Any amount withheld under backup withholding is allowed as a credit against the U.S. stockholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the proper information is provided to the Internal Revenue Service.

Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders

Whether an investment in our common stock is appropriate for a non-U.S. stockholder will depend upon that stockholder’s particular circumstances. Non-U.S. stockholders should consult their tax advisors before investing in our common stock.

Distributions of our investment company taxable income to stockholders that are non-U.S. stockholders will currently be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate (or lower rate provided by an applicable treaty) to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits unless the distributions are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. stockholders, and, if an income tax treaty applies, attributable to a permanent establishment in the United States. In that case, the distributions will be

 

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subject to U.S. federal income tax at the ordinary income rates applicable to U.S. stockholders and we will not have to withhold U.S. federal withholding tax if the non-U.S. stockholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements. Special certification requirements apply to a non-U.S. stockholder that is a foreign partnership or a foreign trust and such entities are urged to consult their own tax advisors.

In addition, U.S. source withholding taxes are not imposed on distributions paid by us to the extent the distributions are reported as “interest-related dividends” or “short-term capital gain dividends.” Under this exemption, interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends generally represent distributions of interest or short-term capital gains that would not have been subject to U.S. withholding tax at the source if they had been received directly by a foreign person, and that satisfied certain other requirements. A portion of our distributions may be eligible for this exemption from withholding; however, we cannot determine what portion of our distributions (if any) will be eligible for this exemption until after the end of our taxable year. No certainty can be provided that any of our distributions will be reported as eligible for this exemption.

Actual or deemed distributions of our net capital gains to a stockholder that is a non-U.S. stockholder, and gains realized by a non-U.S. stockholder upon the sale or redemption of our common stock, will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax unless the distributions or gains, as the case may be, are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. stockholder and, if an income tax treaty applies, are attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the non-U.S. stockholder in the United States, or, in the case of an individual, the non-U.S. stockholder was present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and certain other conditions are met.

If we distribute our net capital gains in the form of deemed rather than actual distributions, a non-U.S. stockholder will be entitled to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the stockholder’s allocable share of the corporate-level U.S. federal income tax we pay on the capital gains deemed to have been distributed; however, in order to obtain the refund, the non-U.S. stockholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number and file a U.S. federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. stockholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number or file a U.S. federal income tax return.

For a corporate non-U.S. stockholder, distributions (both actual and deemed), and gains realized upon the sale or redemption of our common stock that are effectively connected to a U.S. trade or business may, under certain circumstances, be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a 30% rate (or at a lower rate if provided for by an applicable treaty). Accordingly, investment in our stock may not be appropriate for a non-U.S. stockholder.

Under our dividend reinvestment plan, if a non-U.S. stockholder owns shares of common stock registered in its own name, the non-U.S. stockholder will have all cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of common stock unless it opts out of our dividend reinvestment plan by delivering a written notice to our dividend paying agent prior to the record date of the next distribution. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.” If the distribution is a distribution of our investment company taxable income, is not reported by us as a short-term capital gains dividend or interest-related dividend and it is not effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. stockholder (or, if a treaty applies, is not attributable to a permanent establishment), the amount distributed (to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits) will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate (or lower rate provided by an applicable treaty) and only the net after-tax amount will be reinvested in common shares. If the distribution is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. stockholder, generally the full amount of the distribution will be reinvested in the plan and will nevertheless be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the ordinary income rates applicable to U.S. persons. The non-U.S. stockholder will have an adjusted basis in the additional common shares purchased through the plan equal to the amount of cash that they would have received if they had elected to receive the distribution in cash, or the fair market value of the distributed shares if such shares have a fair market value equal to or greater than net asset value. The additional shares will have a new holding period commencing on the day following the day on which the shares are credited to the non-U.S. stockholder’s account.

 

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Legislation commonly referred to as the “Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act,” or “FATCA,” generally imposes a 30% withholding tax on payments of certain types of income to foreign financial institutions that fail to enter into an agreement with the United States Treasury to report certain required information with respect to accounts held by U.S. persons (or held by foreign entities that have U.S. persons as substantial owners), or reside in jurisdictions that have not entered into an intergovernmental agreement with the U.S. to provide such information. The types of income subject to the tax include U.S. source interest and dividends, and the gross proceeds from the sale of any property that could produce U.S. source interest or dividends received after December 31, 2018. The information required to be reported includes the identity and taxpayer identification number of each account holder that is a U.S. person and transaction activity within the holder’s account. In addition, subject to certain exceptions, this legislation also imposes a 30% withholding on payments to foreign entities that are not financial institutions unless the foreign entity certifies that it does not have a greater than 10% U.S. owner or provides the withholding agent with identifying information on each greater than 10% U.S. owner. Depending on the status of a Non-U.S. stockholder and the status of the intermediaries through which it hold its units, a Non-U.S. stockholder could be subject to this 30% withholding tax with respect to distributions on our common stock and proceeds from the sale of our common stock. Under certain circumstances, a Non-U.S. stockholder might be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes.

A non-U.S. stockholder who is a nonresident alien individual, and who is otherwise subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax, may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding of U.S. federal income tax on dividends unless the non-U.S. stockholder provides us or the dividend paying agent with an Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E (or an acceptable substitute form) or otherwise meets documentary evidence requirements for establishing that it is a non-U.S. stockholder or the non-U.S. stockholder otherwise establishes an exemption from backup withholding.

You are urged to consult your own tax advisor regarding the specific tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and sale of our common stock.

Failure to Qualify as a Regulated Investment Company

If we were unable to qualify for treatment as a RIC, we would be subject to tax on all of our taxable income at regular corporate rates. We would not be able to deduct distributions to stockholders, nor would they be required to be made. Such distributions would be taxable to our stockholders as dividends and, provided certain holding period and other requirements were met, could qualify for treatment as “qualified dividend income” in the hands of non-corporate stockholders (and thus eligible for the current 20% maximum rate) to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. Subject to certain limitations under the Code, corporate distributees would be eligible for the dividends received deduction. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits would be treated first as a return of capital to the extent of the stockholder’s tax basis, and any remaining distributions would be treated as a capital gain. To requalify as a RIC in a subsequent taxable year, we would be required to satisfy the RIC qualification requirements for that year and dispose of any earnings and profits from any year in which we failed to qualify as a RIC. Subject to a limited exception applicable to RICs that qualified as such under Subchapter M of the Code for at least one year prior to disqualification and that requalify as a RIC no later than the second year following the non-qualifying year, we could be subject to tax on any unrealized net built-in gains in the assets held by us during the period in which we failed to qualify as a RIC that are recognized within the subsequent 5 years, unless we made a special election to pay corporate-level U.S. federal income tax on such built-in gain at the time of our requalification as a RIC.

 

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SALES OF COMMON STOCK BELOW NET ASSET VALUE

At our 2017 Annual Stockholders Meeting, our stockholders approved our ability to sell or otherwise issue shares of our common stock, not exceeding 25% of our then outstanding common stock immediately prior to each such offering, at a price or prices below the then current net asset value per share, in each case subject to the approval of our board of directors and compliance with the conditions set forth in the proxy statement pertaining thereto, during a period beginning on May 17, 2017 and expiring on the earlier of the one-year anniversary of the date of the 2017 Annual Stockholders Meeting and the date of our 2018 Annual Stockholders Meeting, which is expected to be held in May 2018. (the “Stockholder Approval”). However, notwithstanding the Stockholder Approval, since our initial public offering on February 24, 2011, we have not sold any shares of our common stock in an offering that resulted in proceeds to us of less than our then current net asset value per share. Any offering of our common stock that requires stockholder approval must occur, if at all, within one year after receiving such stockholder approval.

In order to sell shares of common stock pursuant to this authorization, no further authorization from our stockholders will need to be solicited, but a majority of our directors who have no financial interest in the sale and a majority of our independent directors will have to (a) find that the sale is in our best interests and in the best interests of our stockholders and (b) in consultation with any underwriter or underwriters of the offering, make a good faith determination as of a time either immediately prior to the first solicitation by us or on our behalf of firm commitments to purchase such shares of common stock, or immediately prior to the issuance of such common stock, that the price at which such shares of common stock are to be sold is not less than a price which closely approximates the market value of those shares of common stock, less any distributing commission or discount.

Any offering of common stock below its net asset value per share will be designed to raise capital for investment in accordance with our investment objective.

In making a determination that an offering of common stock below its net asset value per share is in our and our stockholders’ best interests, our board of directors will consider a variety of factors including:

 

•

the effect that an offering below net asset value per share would have on our stockholders, including the potential dilution to the net asset value per share of our common stock our stockholders would experience as a result of the offering;

 

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the amount per share by which the offering price per share and the net proceeds per share are less than our most recently determined net asset value per share;

 

•

the relationship of recent market prices of par common stock to net asset value per share and the potential impact of the offering on the market price per share of our common stock;

 

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whether the estimated offering price would closely approximate the market value of shares of our common stock;

 

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the potential market impact of being able to raise capital during the current financial market difficulties;

 

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the nature of any new investors anticipated to acquire shares of our common stock in the offering;

 

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the anticipated rate of return on and quality, type and availability of investments; and

 

•

the leverage available to us.

Our board of directors will also consider the fact that sales of shares of common stock at a discount will benefit our investment adviser as the investment adviser will earn additional investment management fees on the proceeds of such offerings, as it would from the offering of any other of our securities or from the offering of common stock at a premium to net asset value per share.

 

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We will not sell shares of our common stock under this prospectus or an accompanying prospectus supplement pursuant to the Stockholder Approval without first filing a new post-effective amendment to the registration statement if the cumulative dilution to our net asset value per share from offerings under the registration statement, as amended by any post-effective amendments, exceeds 15%. This would be measured separately for each offering pursuant to the registration statement, as amended by any post-effective amendments, by calculating the percentage dilution or accretion to aggregate net asset value from that offering and then summing the percentage from each offering. For example, if our most recently determined NAV per share at the time of the first offering is $18.00 and we have 10,000,000 shares outstanding, the sale of 2.5 million shares at net proceeds to us of $9.00 per share (a 50% discount) would produce dilution of 10%. If we subsequently determined that our NAV per share increased to $20.00 on the then 12.5 million shares outstanding and then made an additional offering, we could, for example, sell approximately an additional 1.39 million shares at net proceeds to us of $10.00 per share, which would produce dilution of 5%, before we would reach the aggregate 15% limit. If we file a new post-effective amendment, the threshold would reset.

In addition, the maximum number of shares issuable below NAV per share that could result in such dilution is limited to 25% of our then outstanding common stock immediately prior to each such offering. As a result, the maximum amount of dilution to existing stockholders to the extent we receive the Stockholder Approval will be limited to no more than 20% of our then current NAV per share immediately prior to each such offering, assuming we were to issue the maximum number of shares at no more than par value, or $0.01 per share.

Sales by us of our common stock at a discount from net asset value per share pose potential risks for our existing stockholders whether or not they participate in the offering, as well as for new investors who participate in the offering. Any sale of common stock at a price below net asset value per share would result in an immediate dilution to existing common stockholders who do not participate in such sale on at least a pro-rata basis. See “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to an Investment in Our Securities — The net asset value per share of our common stock may be diluted if we sell shares of our common stock in one or more offerings at prices below the then current net asset value per share of our common stock.”

The following three headings and accompanying tables explain and provide hypothetical examples on the impact of an offering of our common stock at a price less than net asset value per share on three different types of investors:

 

•

existing stockholders who do not purchase any shares in the offering;

 

•

existing stockholders who purchase a relatively small amount of shares in the offering or a relatively large amount of shares in the offering; and

 

•

new investors who become stockholders by purchasing shares in the offering.

Impact On Existing Stockholders Who Do Not Participate in the Offering

Our current stockholders who do not participate in an offering below net asset value per share or who do not buy additional shares in the secondary market at the same or lower price as we obtain in the offering (after expenses and commissions) face the greatest potential risks. These stockholders will experience an immediate dilution in the net asset value of the shares of common stock they hold and their net asset value per share. These stockholders will also experience a disproportionately greater decrease in their participation in our earnings and assets and their voting power than the increase we will experience in our assets, potential earning power and voting interests due to such offering. These stockholders may also experience a decline in the market price of their shares, which often reflects to some degree announced or potential increases and decreases in net asset value per share. This decrease could be more pronounced as the size of the offering and level of discounts increases. Further, if current stockholders do not purchase any shares to maintain their percentage interest, regardless of whether such offering is above or below the then current net asset value, their voting power will be diluted.

 

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The following chart illustrates the level of net asset value dilution that would be experienced by a nonparticipating stockholder in three different hypothetical offerings of different sizes and levels of discount from net asset value per share. It is not possible to predict the level of market price decline that may occur.

The hypothetical examples below assume that company XYZ has 9,500,100 shares outstanding, $218.7 million in total assets and $43.4 million in total liabilities. The current net asset value and net asset value per share are thus $175.3 million and $18.45. The chart illustrates the dilutive effect on Stockholder A of (a) an offering of 475,005 shares of common stock (5% of the outstanding shares) at $17.53 per share after offering expenses and commissions (a 5% discount from net asset value), (b) an offering of 950,100 shares of common stock (10% of the outstanding shares) at $16.61 per share after offering expenses and commissions (a 10% discount from net asset value), (c) an offering of 1,900,020 shares of common stock (20% of the outstanding shares) at $14.76 per share after offering expenses and commissions (a 20% discount from net asset value), and (d) an offering of 2,375,025 shares of common stock (25% of the outstanding shares) at $0.01 per share, the par value of our common stock (a 100% discount from net asset value). The prospectus supplement pursuant to which any discounted offering is made will include a chart based on the actual number of shares of common stock in such offering and the actual discount to the most recently determined net asset value. For example, if we issue 2,375,025 shares of our common stock (25% of the outstanding shares) at $0.01 per share, the par value of our common stock (a 100% discount from net asset value), then our net asset value per share following such offering will be $14.76, which will reflect a 20.00% decrease in net asset value per share to those stockholders who do not participate in this offering. It is not possible to predict the level of market price decline that may occur.

 

						Example 1								Example 2								Example 3								Example 4
						5% Offering at 5% Discount								10% Offering at 10% Discount								20% Offering at 20% Discount								25% Offering at 100% Discount
		Prior to Sale				Following Sale				% Change				Following Sale				% Change				Following Sale				% Change				Following Sale				% Change
Offering Price
Price per Share to Public						$	18.45							$	17.48							$	15.54							$	0.01
Net Proceeds per Share to Issuer						$	17.53							$	16.61							$	14.76							$	0.01
Decrease to Net Asset Value
Total Shares Outstanding			9,500,100				9,975,105				5.00	%			10,450,110				10.00	%			11,400,120				20.00	%			11,875,125				25.00	%
Net Asset Value per Share		$	18.45			$	18.41				(0.24	)%		$	18.28				(0.91	)%		$	17.84				(3.33	)%		$	14.76				(19.99	)%
Dilution to Nonparticipating Stockholder
Shares Held by Stockholder A			9,500				9,500				—	%			9,500				—	%			9,500				—	%			9,500				—	%
Percentage Held by Stockholder A			0.10	%			0.10	%			(4.76	)%			0.09	%			(9.09	)%			0.08	%			(16.67	)%			0.08	%			(20.00	)%
Total Net Asset Value Held by Stockholder A		$	175,277			$	174,860				(0.24	)%		$	173,683				(0.91	)%		$	169,434				(3.33	)%		$	140,240				(19.99	)%
Total Investment by Stockholder A (Assumed to be Current NAV per Share)		$	175,277			$	175,277							$	175,277							$	175,277							$	175,277
Total Dilution to Stockholder A (Total Net Asset Value Less Total Investment)						$	(417	)						$	(1,593	)						$	(5,843	)						$	(35,036	)

 

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						Example 1								Example 2								Example 3								Example 4
						5% Offering at 5% Discount								10% Offering at 10% Discount								20% Offering at 20% Discount								25% Offering at 100% Discount
		Prior to Sale				Following Sale				% Change				Following Sale				% Change				Following Sale				% Change				Following Sale				% Change
Investment per Share Held by Stockholder A (Assumed to be NAV per Share on Shares Held Prior to Sale)		$	18.45			$	18.45							$	18.45							$	18.45							$	18.45
Net Asset Value per Share Held by Stockholder A						$	18.41							$	18.28							$	17.84							$	14.76
Dilution per Share Held by Stockholder A (Net Asset Value per Share Less Investment per Share)						$	(0.04	)						$	(0.17	)						$	(0.62	)						$	(3.69	)
Percentage Dilution to Stockholder A (Dilution per Share Divided by Investment per Share)											(0.24	)%							(0.91	)%							(3.33	)%							(19.99	)%

Impact On Existing Stockholders Who Do Participate in the Offering

Our existing stockholders who participate in an offering below net asset value per share or who buy additional shares in the secondary market at the same or lower price as we obtain in the offering (after expenses and commissions) will experience the same types of net asset value dilution as the nonparticipating stockholders, although at a lower level, to the extent they purchase less than the same percentage of the discounted offering as their interest in shares of our common stock immediately prior to the offering. The level of net asset value dilution will decrease as the number of shares such stockholders purchase increases. Existing stockholders who buy more than such percentage will experience net asset value dilution but will, in contrast to existing stockholders who purchase less than their proportionate share of the offering, experience accretion in net asset value per share over their investment per share and will also experience a disproportionately greater increase in their participation in our earnings and assets and their voting power than our increase in assets, potential earning power and voting interests due to such offering. The level of accretion will increase as the excess number of shares such stockholder purchases increases. Even a stockholder who over-participates will, however, be subject to the risk that we may make additional discounted offerings in which such stockholder does not participate, in which case such a stockholder will experience net asset value dilution as described above in such subsequent offerings. These stockholders may also experience a decline in the market price of their shares, which often reflects to some degree announced or potential increases and decreases in net asset value per share. This decrease could be more pronounced as the size of the offering and level of discounts increases.

The following chart illustrates the level of dilution and accretion in the hypothetical 20% discount offering from the prior chart (Example 3) for a stockholder that acquires shares equal to (a) 50% of its proportionate share of the offering (i.e., 3,000 shares, which is 0.05% of an offering of 6 million shares) rather than its 0.10% proportionate share and (b) 150% of such percentage (i.e. 9,000 shares, which is 0.15% of an offering of 6 million shares rather than its 0.10% proportionate share). The prospectus supplement pursuant to which any discounted offering is made will include a chart for these examples based on the actual number of shares in such offering and the actual discount from the most recently determined net asset value per share. It is not possible to predict the level of market price decline that may occur.

 

		Prior to Sale				50% Participation								150% Participation
						Following Sale				% Change				Following Sale				% Change
Offering Price
Price per Share to Public						$	15.54							$	15.54
Net Proceeds per Share to Issuer						$	14.76							$	14.76

 

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		Prior to Sale				50% Participation								150% Participation
						Following Sale				% Change				Following Sale				% Change
Decrease/Increase to Net Asset Value
Total Shares Outstanding			9,500,100				11,400,120				20.00	%			11,400,120				20.00	%
Net Asset Value per Share		$	18.45			$	17.84				(3.33	)%		$	17.84				(3.33	)%
Dilution/Accretion to Participating Stockholder
Shares Held by Stockholder A			9,500				10,450				10.00	%			12,350				30.00	%
Percentage Held by Stockholder A			0.10	%			0.09	%			(8.33	)%			0.11	%			8.33	%
Total Net Asset Value Held by Stockholder A		$	175,277			$	186,378				6.33	%		$	220,265				25.67	%
Total Investment by Stockholder A (Assumed to be Current NAV per Share on Shares Held Prior to Sale)						$	190,037							$	219,557
Total Dilution/Accretion to Stockholder A (Total Net Asset Value Less Total Investment)						$	(3,659	)						$	707
Investment per Share Held by Stockholder A (Assumed to be Net Asset Value on Shares Held Prior to Sale)		$	18.45			$	18.19				(1.44	)%		$	17.78				(3.64	)%
Net Asset Value per Share Held by Stockholder A						$	17.84							$	17.84
Dilution/Accretion per Share Held by Stockholder A (Net Asset Value per Shares Less Investment per Share)						$	(0.35	)						$	0.06
Percentage Dilution/Accretion to Stockholder A (Dilution per Share Divided by Investment per Share)											(1.96	)%							0.32	%

Impact On New Investors

Investors who are not currently stockholders and who participate in an offering of shares of our common stock below net asset value, but whose investment per share is greater than the resulting net asset value per share due to selling compensation and expenses paid by the Company, will experience an immediate decrease, although small, in the net asset value of their shares and their net asset value per share compared to the price they pay for their shares. Investors who are not currently stockholders and who participate in an offering of shares of our common stock below net asset value per share and whose investment per share is also less than the resulting net asset value per share due to selling compensation and expenses paid by the Company being significantly less than the discount per share, will experience an immediate increase in the net asset value of their shares and their net asset value per share compared to the price they pay for their shares. These investors will experience a disproportionately greater participation in our earnings and assets and their voting power than our increase in assets, potential earning power and voting interests due to such offering. These investors will, however, be subject to the risk that we may make additional discounted offerings in which such new stockholder does not participate, in which case such new stockholder will experience dilution as described above in such subsequent offerings. These investors may also experience a decline in the market price of their shares, which often reflects to some degree announced or potential increases and decreases in net asset value per share. This decrease could be more pronounced as the size of the offering and level of discounts increases.

 

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The following chart illustrates the level of dilution or accretion for new investors that would be experienced by a new investor in the same hypothetical 5%, 10%, 20% and 25% discounted offerings as described in the first chart above. The illustration is for a new investor who purchases the same percentage (0.10%) of the shares in the offering as Stockholder A in the prior examples held immediately prior to the offering. The prospectus supplement pursuant to which any discounted offering is made will include a chart for these examples based on the actual number of shares in such offering and the actual discount from the most recently determined net asset value per share. It is not possible to predict the level of market price decline that may occur.

 

						Example 1								Example 2								Example 3								Example 4
						5% Offering at 5% Discount								10% Offering at 10% Discount								20% Offering at 20% Discount								25% Offering at 100% Discount
		Prior to Sale				Following Sale				% Change				Following Sale				% Change				Following Sale				% Change				Following Sale				% Change
Price per Share to Public						$	18.45							$	17.48							$	15.54							$	0.01
Net Proceeds per Share to Issuer						$	17.53							$	16.61							$	14.76							$	0.01
Total Shares Outstanding			9,500,100				9,975,105				5.00	%			10,450,110				10.00	%			11,400,120				20.00	%			11,875,125				25.00	%
Net Asset Value per Share		$	18.45			$	18.41				(0.24	)%		$	18.28				(0.91	)%		$	17.84				(3.33	)%		$	14.76				(19.99	)%
Dilution/Accretion to New Investor A
Shares Held by Investor A							475								950								1,900								2,375
Percentage Held by Stockholder A							0.00	%							0.01	%							0.02	%							0.02	%
Total Net Asset Value Held by Investor A						$	8,743							$	17,368							$	33,887							$	35,060
Total Investment by Investor A (At Price to Public)		$	—			$	8,764							$	16,605							$	29,520							$	24
Total Dilution/Accretion to Investor A (Total Net Asset Value Less Total Investment)						$	(21	)						$	763							$	4,367							$	35,036
Investment per Share Held by Investor A		$	—			$	18.45							$	17.48							$	15.54							$	0.01
Net Asset Value per Share Held by Investor A						$	18.41							$	18.28							$	17.84							$	14.76
Dilution/Accretion per Share Held by Investor A (Net Asset Value per Share Less Investment per Share)						$	(0.04	)						$	0.80							$	2.30							$	14.75
Percentage Dilution/Accretion to Investor A (Dilution per Share Divided by Investment per Share)											(0.24	)%							4.60	%							14.79	%							147,520	%

 

 

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DESCRIPTION OF OUR CAPITAL STOCK

The following description is based on relevant portions of the Maryland General Corporation Law and on our charter and bylaws. This summary is not necessarily complete, and we refer you to the Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter and bylaws for a more detailed description of the provisions summarized below.

Stock

The authorized stock of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. consists of 200,000,000 shares of stock, par value $0.01 per share, all of which are initially designated as common stock. Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the ticker symbol “SUNS”. There are no outstanding options or warrants to purchase our stock. No stock has been authorized for issuance under any equity compensation plans. Under Maryland law, our stockholders generally are not personally liable for our debts or obligations.

The following are our outstanding classes of securities as of October 3, 2017:

 

(1) Title of Class

(2) Amount Authorized

(3) Amount Held by Us or for Our Account

(4) Amount Outstanding Exclusive of Amounts Shown Under(3)

Common stock

200,000,000

—

16,033,733

Under our charter our board of directors is authorized to classify and reclassify any unissued shares of stock into other classes or series of stock without obtaining stockholder approval. As permitted by the Maryland General Corporation Law, our charter provides that the board of directors, without any action by our stockholders, may amend the charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we have authority to issue.

Common Stock

All shares of our common stock have equal rights as to earnings, assets, voting, and distributions and, when they are issued, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Distributions may be paid to the holders of our common stock if, as and when authorized by our board of directors and declared by us out of assets legally available therefor. Shares of our common stock have no preemptive, conversion or redemption rights and are freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by federal and state securities laws or by contract. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each share of our common stock would be entitled to share ratably in all of our assets that are legally available for distribution after we pay all debts and other liabilities and subject to any preferential rights of holders of our preferred stock, if any preferred stock is outstanding at such time. Each share of our common stock is entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election of directors. Except as provided with respect to any other class or series of stock, the holders of our common stock will possess exclusive voting power. There is no cumulative voting in the election of directors, which means that holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock can elect all of our directors, and holders of less than a majority of such shares will be unable to elect any director.

Preferred Stock

Our charter authorizes our board of directors to classify and reclassify any unissued shares of stock into other classes or series of stock, including preferred stock. The cost of any such reclassification would be borne by our existing common stockholders. Prior to issuance of shares of each class or series, the board of directors is required by Maryland law and by our charter to set the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to other distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption for each

 

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class or series. Thus, the board of directors could authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock with terms and conditions which could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change in control that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise be in their best interest. You should note, however, that any issuance of preferred stock must comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act requires, among other things, that (1) immediately after issuance and before any other distribution is made with respect to our common stock and before any purchase of common stock is made, such preferred stock together with all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal to 50% of our total assets after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price, as the case may be, and (2) the holders of shares of preferred stock, if any are issued, must be entitled as a class to elect two directors at all times and to elect a majority of the directors if distributions on such preferred stock are in arrears by two full years or more. Certain matters under the 1940 Act require the separate vote of the holders of any issued and outstanding preferred stock. For example, holders of preferred stock would vote separately from the holders of common stock on a proposal to cease operations as a business development company. We believe that the availability for issuance of preferred stock will provide us with increased flexibility in structuring future financings and acquisitions. However, we do not currently have any plans to issue preferred stock.

Limitation on Liability of Directors and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expenses

Maryland law permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages except for liability resulting from (a) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action. Our charter contains such a provision which eliminates directors’ and officers’ liability to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act.

Our charter authorizes us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, to indemnify any present or former director or officer of the corporation or any individual who, while serving as our director or officer and at our request, serves or has served another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise as a director, officer, partner or trustee, from and against any claim or liability to which that person may become subject or which that person may incur by reason of his or her service in any such capacity and to pay or reimburse their reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding. Our bylaws obligate us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, to indemnify any present or former director or officer or any individual who, while serving as our director or officer and at our request, serves or has served another corporation, real estate investment trust, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise as a director, officer, partner, trustee, member or manager and who is made, or threatened to be made, a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity from and against any claim or liability to which that person may become subject or which that person may incur by reason of his or her service in any such capacity and to pay or reimburse his or her reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding without requiring a preliminary determination of his or her ultimate entitlement to indemnification. The charter and bylaws also permit us to indemnify and advance expenses to any person who served a predecessor of us in any of the capacities described above and any of our employees or agents or any employees or agents of our predecessor. In accordance with the 1940 Act, we will not indemnify any person for any liability to which such person would be subject by reason of such person’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.

Maryland law requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made, or threatened to be made, a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. Maryland law permits a corporation to indemnify its present and former directors and officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any

 

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proceeding to which they may be made, or threatened to be made, a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is established that (a) the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (1) was committed in bad faith or (2) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, (b) the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services or (c) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful. However, under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a judgment of liability on the basis that a personal benefit was improperly received unless, in either case, a court orders indemnification, and then only for expenses. In addition, Maryland law permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer in advance of final disposition of a proceeding upon the corporation’s receipt of (a) a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the corporation and (b) a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the corporation if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.

We have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors. The indemnification agreements provide our directors the maximum indemnification permitted under Maryland law and the 1940 Act.

Our insurance policy does not currently provide coverage for claims, liabilities and expenses that may arise out of activities that our present or former directors or officers have performed for another entity at our request. There is no assurance that such entities will in fact carry such insurance. However, we note that we do not expect to request our present or former directors or officers to serve another entity as a director, officer, partner or trustee unless we can obtain insurance providing coverage for such persons for any claims, liabilities or expenses that may arise out of their activities while serving in such capacities.

Certain Provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law and Our Charter and Bylaws

The Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter and bylaws contain provisions that could make it more difficult for a potential acquiror to acquire us by means of a tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. These provisions are expected to discourage certain coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits of these provisions outweigh the potential disadvantages of discouraging any such acquisition proposals because, among other things, the negotiation of such proposals may improve their terms.

Classified Board of Directors

Our board of directors will be divided into three classes of directors serving staggered three-year terms. The current terms of the first, second and third classes expire in 2019, 2020 and 2018, respectively, and in each case, those directors will serve until their successors are duly elected and qualify. Upon expiration of their current terms, directors of each class will be elected to serve for three-year terms and until their successors are duly elected and qualify and each year one class of directors will be elected by the stockholders. A classified board may render a change in control of us or removal of our incumbent management more difficult. We believe, however, that the longer time required to elect a majority of a classified board of directors will help to ensure the continuity and stability of our management and policies.

Election of Directors

Under our charter and bylaws, the affirmative vote of the holders of a plurality of all the votes cast in the election of directors cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present will be required to elect a director. Pursuant to our charter and bylaws our board of directors may amend the bylaws to alter the vote required to elect directors.

 

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Number of Directors; Vacancies; Removal

Our charter provides that the number of directors will be set only by the board of directors in accordance with our bylaws. Our bylaws provide that a majority of our entire board of directors may at any time increase or decrease the number of directors. However, the number of directors may never be less than one nor more than twelve unless our bylaws are amended in which case we may have more than twelve directors but never less than one. Our charter provides that, at such time as we have at least three independent directors and our common stock is registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, we elect to be subject to the provision of Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the Maryland General Corporation Law regarding the filling of vacancies on the board of directors. Accordingly, except as may be provided by the board of directors in setting the terms of any class or series of preferred stock, any and all vacancies on the board of directors may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors in office, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum, and any director elected to fill a vacancy will serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred and until a successor is duly elected and qualifies, subject to any applicable requirements of the 1940 Act. In any event, in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act, any amendment or proposal that would have the effect of changing the nature of our business so as to cause us to cease to be, or to withdraw our election as, a BDC would be required to be approved by a majority of our outstanding voting securities, as defined under the 1940 Act.

Our charter provides that, subject to the rights of holders of one or more classes or series of preferred stock to elect or remove one or more directors, a director may be removed only for cause, as defined in our charter, and then only by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast in the election of directors.

Action by Stockholders

Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, stockholder action can be taken only at an annual or special meeting of stockholders or (with respect to the holders of common stock, unless the charter provides for stockholder action by less than unanimous written consent, which our charter does not) by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting. These provisions, combined with the requirements of our bylaws regarding the calling of a stockholder-requested special meeting of stockholders discussed below, may have the effect of delaying consideration of a stockholder proposal until the next annual meeting.

Advance Notice Provisions for Stockholder Nominations and Stockholder Proposals

Our bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of persons for election to the board of directors and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be made only (1) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (2) by the board of directors or (3) by a stockholder who was a stockholder of record both at the time of giving notice and at the time of the meeting who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice procedures of our bylaws. With respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the board of directors at a special meeting may be made only (1) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (2) by the board of directors or (3) provided that the board of directors has determined that directors will be elected at the meeting, by a stockholder who was a stockholder of record both at the time of giving notice and at the time of the meeting who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of the bylaws.

The purpose of requiring stockholders to give us advance notice of nominations and other business is to afford our board of directors a meaningful opportunity to consider the qualifications of the proposed nominees and the advisability of any other proposed business and, to the extent deemed necessary or desirable by our board of directors, to inform stockholders and make recommendations about such qualifications or business, as well as to provide a more orderly procedure for conducting meetings of stockholders. Although our bylaws do not give our board of directors any power to disapprove stockholder nominations for the election of directors or proposals

 

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recommending certain action, they may have the effect of precluding a contest for the election of directors or the consideration of stockholder proposals if proper procedures are not followed and of discouraging or deterring a third party from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect its own slate of directors or to approve its own proposal without regard to whether consideration of such nominees or proposals might be harmful or beneficial to us and our stockholders.

Calling of Special Meetings of Stockholders

Our bylaws provide that special meetings of stockholders may be called by our board of directors and certain of our officers. Additionally, our bylaws provide that, subject to the satisfaction of certain procedural and informational requirements by the stockholders requesting the meeting, a special meeting of stockholders will be called by the secretary of the corporation upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting.

Approval of Extraordinary Corporate Action; Amendment of Charter and Bylaws

Under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation generally cannot dissolve, amend its charter, merge, sell all or substantially all of its assets, engage in a share exchange or engage in similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business, unless approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. However, a Maryland corporation may provide in its charter for approval of these matters by a lesser percentage, but not less than a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our charter generally provides for approval of charter amendments and extraordinary transactions by the stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our charter also provides that the following matters require the approval of stockholders entitled to cast at least 80% of the votes entitled to be cast: (i) certain charter amendments; (ii) any proposal for our conversion, whether by merger or otherwise, from a closed-end company to an open-end company; (iii) any proposal for our liquidation or dissolution; (iv) any proposal regarding a merger, consolidation, share exchange or sale or exchange of all or substantially all of our assets that the Maryland General Corporation Law requires to be approved by our stockholders; or (v) any transaction between us and a person, or group of persons acting together (including, without limitation, a “group” for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act), and any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with any such person or member of such group, that is entitled to exercise or direct the exercise, or acquire the right to exercise or direct the exercise, directly or indirectly, other than solely by virtue of a revocable proxy, of one-tenth or more of the voting power in the election of directors generally. However, if such amendment or proposal is approved by a majority of our continuing directors (in addition to approval by our board of directors), such amendment or proposal may be approved by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on such a matter, provided that with respect to any transaction referred to in (v) above, if such transaction is approved by the continuing directors, by a vote of at least two-thirds of such continuing directors, no stockholder approval of such transaction is required unless the Maryland General Corporation Law or another provision of our charter or bylaws otherwise requires such approval. The “continuing directors” are defined in our charter as (1) our current directors, (2) those directors whose nomination for election by the stockholders or whose election by the directors to fill vacancies is approved by a majority of our current directors then on the board of directors or (3) any successor directors whose nomination for election by the stockholders or whose election by the directors to fill vacancies is approved by a majority of continuing directors or the successor continuing directors then in office.

Our charter and bylaws provide that the board of directors will have the exclusive power to make, alter, amend or repeal any provision of our bylaws.

No Appraisal Rights

Except with respect to appraisal rights arising in connection with the Control Share Act discussed below, as permitted by the Maryland General Corporation Law, our charter provides that stockholders will not be entitled to exercise appraisal rights unless a majority of the board of directors shall determine such rights apply.

 

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Control Share Acquisitions

The Maryland General Corporation Law provides that a holder of control shares of a Maryland corporation acquired in a control share acquisition has no voting rights with respect to those shares except to the extent approved by a vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, or the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act. Shares owned by the acquiror, by officers or by directors who are employees of the corporation are excluded from shares entitled to vote on the matter. Control shares are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other shares of stock owned by the acquiror or in respect of which the acquiror is able to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power (except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), would entitle the acquiror to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting power:

 

•

one-tenth or more but less than one-third;

 

•

one-third or more but less than a majority; or

 

•

a majority or more of all voting power.

The requisite stockholder approval must be obtained each time an acquiror crosses one of the thresholds of voting power set forth above. Control shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval. A control share acquisition means the acquisition of issued and outstanding control shares, subject to certain exceptions.

A person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition may compel the board of directors of the corporation to call a special meeting of stockholders to be held within 50 days of demand to consider the voting rights of the shares. The right to compel the calling of a special meeting is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including an undertaking to pay the expenses of the meeting. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may itself present the question at any stockholders meeting.

If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required by the statute, then the corporation may redeem for fair value any or all of the control shares, except those for which voting rights have previously been approved. The right of the corporation to redeem control shares is subject to certain conditions and limitations, including, as provided in our bylaws, compliance with the 1940 Act. Fair value is determined, without regard to the absence of voting rights for the control shares, as of the date of the last control share acquisition by the acquiror or of any meeting of stockholders at which the voting rights of the shares are considered and not approved. If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders meeting and the acquiror becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes of appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid by the acquiror in the control share acquisition.

The Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act does not apply (a) to shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the corporation is a party to the transaction or (b) to acquisitions approved or exempted by the charter or bylaws of the corporation. Our bylaws contain a provision exempting from the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act any and all acquisitions by any person of our shares of stock. There can be no assurance that such provision will not be amended or eliminated at any time in the future. However, we will amend our bylaws to be subject to the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act only if the board of directors determines that it would be in our best interests and if the SEC staff does not object to our determination that our being subject to the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act does not conflict with the 1940 Act. The SEC staff has issued informal guidance setting forth its position that certain provisions of the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act would, if implemented, violate Section 18(i) of the 1940 Act.

 

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Business Combinations

Under Maryland law, “business combinations” between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder (the “Business Combination Act”). These business combinations include a merger, consolidation, share exchange or, in circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined as:

 

•

any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock; or

 

•

an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

A person is not an interested stockholder under this statute if the board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which the stockholder otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving a transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board.

After the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:

 

•

80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of voting stock of the corporation; and

 

•

two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than shares held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder.

These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if the corporation’s common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under Maryland law, for their shares in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares.

The statute permits various exemptions from its provisions, including business combinations that are exempted by the board of directors before the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. Our board of directors has adopted a resolution that any business combination between us and any other person is exempted from the provisions of the Business Combination Act, provided that the business combination is first approved by the board of directors, including a majority of the directors who are not interested persons as defined in the 1940 Act. This resolution may be altered or repealed in whole or in part at any time; however, our board of directors will adopt resolutions so as to make us subject to the provisions of the Business Combination Act only if the board of directors determines that it would be in our best interests and if the SEC staff does not object to our determination that our being subject to the Business Combination Act does not conflict with the 1940 Act. If this resolution is repealed, or the board of directors does not otherwise approve a business combination, the statute may discourage others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer.

Conflict with 1940 Act

Our bylaws provide that, if and to the extent that any provision of the Maryland General Corporation Law, including the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act (if we amend our bylaws to be subject to such Act) and the Business Combination Act, or any provision of our charter or bylaws conflicts with any provision of the 1940 Act, the applicable provision of the 1940 Act will control.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF OUR DEBT SECURITIES

We may issue debt securities in one or more series. The specific terms of each series of debt securities will be described in the particular prospectus supplement relating to that series. The prospectus supplement may or may not modify the general terms found in this prospectus and will be filed with the SEC. For a complete description of the terms of a particular series of debt securities, you should read both this prospectus and the prospectus supplement relating to that particular series.

As required by federal law for all bonds and notes of companies that are publicly offered, the debt securities are governed by a document called an “indenture.” An indenture is a contract between us and a financial institution acting as trustee on your behalf, and is subject to and governed by the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. The trustee has two main roles. First, the trustee can enforce your rights against us if we default. There are some limitations on the extent to which the trustee acts on your behalf, described in the second paragraph under “Events of Default — Remedies if an Event of Default Occurs.” Second, the trustee performs certain administrative duties for us with respect to the debt securities.

Because this section is a summary, it does not describe every aspect of the debt securities and the indenture. We urge you to read the indenture because it, and not this description, defines your rights as a holder of debt securities. A copy of the form of indenture is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. We will file a supplemental indenture with the SEC in connection with any debt offering, at which time the supplemental indenture would be publicly available. See “Available Information” for information on how to obtain a copy of the indenture.

The prospectus supplement, which will accompany this prospectus, will describe the particular series of debt securities being offered by including:

 

•

the designation or title of the series of debt securities;

 

•

the total principal amount of the series of debt securities;

 

•

the percentage of the principal amount at which the series of debt securities will be offered;

 

•

the date or dates on which principal will be payable;

 

•

the rate or rates (which may be either fixed or variable) and/or the method of determining such rate or rates of interest, if any;

 

•

the date or dates from which any interest will accrue, or the method of determining such date or dates, and the date or dates on which any interest will be payable;

 

•

whether any interest may be paid by issuing additional securities of the same series in lieu of cash (and the terms upon which any such interest may be paid by issuing additional securities);

 

•

the terms for redemption, extension or early repayment, if any;

 

•

the currencies in which the series of debt securities are issued and payable;

 

•

whether the amount of payments of principal, premium or interest, if any, on a series of debt securities will be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method (which could be based on one or more currencies, commodities, equity indices or other indices) and how these amounts will be determined;

 

•

the place or places, if any, other than or in addition to the Borough of Manhattan in the City of New York, of payment, transfer, conversion and/or exchange of the debt securities;

 

•

the denominations in which the offered debt securities will be issued (if other than $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof for registered securities or $5,000 for bearer securities);

 

•

the provision for any sinking fund;

 

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•

any restrictive covenants;

 

•

any Events of Default;

 

•

whether the series of debt securities are issuable in certificated form;

 

•

any provisions for defeasance or covenant defeasance;

 

•

any special U.S. federal income tax implications, including, if applicable, U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to original issue discount;

 

•

whether and under what circumstances we will pay additional amounts in respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge and, if so, whether we will have the option to redeem the debt securities rather than pay the additional amounts (and the terms of this option);

 

•

any provisions for convertibility or exchangeability of the debt securities into or for any other securities;

 

•

whether the debt securities are subject to subordination and the terms of such subordination;

 

•

whether the debt securities are secured and the terms of any security interests;

 

•

the listing, if any, on a securities exchange; and

 

•

any other terms.

The debt securities may be secured or unsecured obligations. Under the provisions of the 1940 Act, we are permitted, as a BDC, to issue debt only in amounts such that our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, equals at least 200% after each issuance of debt. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, will be paid by us in immediately available funds.

General

The indenture provides that any debt securities proposed to be sold under this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement (“offered debt securities”) may be issued under the indenture in one or more series.

For purposes of this prospectus, any reference to the payment of principal of or premium or interest, if any, on debt securities will include additional amounts if required by the terms of the debt securities.

The indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities that may be issued thereunder from time to time. Debt securities issued under the indenture, when a single trustee is acting for all debt securities issued under the indenture, are called the “indenture securities”. The indenture also provides that there may be more than one trustee thereunder, each with respect to one or more different series of indenture securities. See “Resignation of Trustee” below. At a time when two or more trustees are acting under the indenture, each with respect to only certain series, the term “indenture securities” means the one or more series of debt securities with respect to which each respective trustee is acting. In the event that there is more than one trustee under the indenture, the powers and trust obligations of each trustee described in this prospectus will extend only to the one or more series of indenture securities for which it is trustee. If two or more trustees are acting under the indenture, then the indenture securities for which each trustee is acting would be treated as if issued under separate indentures.

The indenture does not contain any provisions that give you protection in the event we issue a large amount of debt or we are acquired by another entity.

We refer you to the prospectus supplement for information with respect to any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the Events of Default or our covenants that are described below, including any addition of a covenant or other provision providing event risk protection or similar protection.

 

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We have the ability to issue indenture securities with terms different from those of indenture securities previously issued and, without the consent of the holders thereof, to reopen a previous issue of a series of indenture securities and issue additional indenture securities of that series unless the reopening was restricted when that series was created.

Conversion and Exchange

If any debt securities are convertible into or exchangeable for other securities, the prospectus supplement will explain the terms and conditions of the conversion or exchange, including the conversion price or exchange ratio (or the calculation method), the conversion or exchange period (or how the period will be determined), if conversion or exchange will be mandatory or at the option of the holder or us, provisions for adjusting the conversion price or the exchange ratio and provisions affecting conversion or exchange in the event of the redemption of the underlying debt securities. These terms may also include provisions under which the number or amount of other securities to be received by the holders of the debt securities upon conversion or exchange would be calculated according to the market price of the other securities as of a time stated in the prospectus supplement.

Issuance of Securities in Registered Form

We may issue the debt securities in registered form, in which case we may issue them either in book-entry form only or in “certificated” form. Debt securities issued in book-entry form will be represented by global securities. We expect that we will usually issue debt securities in book-entry only form represented by global securities.

We also will have the option of issuing debt securities in non-registered form as bearer securities if we issue the securities outside the United States to non-U.S. persons. In that case, the prospectus supplement will set forth the mechanics for holding the bearer securities, including the procedures for receiving payments, for exchanging the bearer securities, including the procedures for receiving payments, for exchanging the bearer securities for registered securities of the same series, and for receiving notices. The prospectus supplement will also describe the requirements with respect to our maintenance of offices or agencies outside the United States and the applicable U.S. federal tax law requirements.

Book-Entry Holders

We will issue registered debt securities in book-entry form only, unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement. This means debt securities will be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a depositary that will hold them on behalf of financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system. These participating institutions, in turn, hold beneficial interests in the debt securities held by the depositary or its nominee. These institutions may hold these interests on behalf of themselves or customers.

Under the indenture, only the person in whose name a debt security is registered is recognized as the holder of that debt security. Consequently, for debt securities issued in book-entry form, we will recognize only the depositary as the holder of the debt securities and we will make all payments on the debt securities to the depositary. The depositary will then pass along the payments it receives to its participants, which in turn will pass the payments along to their customers who are the beneficial owners. The depositary and its participants do so under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers; they are not obligated to do so under the terms of the debt securities.

As a result, investors will not own debt securities directly. Instead, they will own beneficial interests in a global security, through a bank, broker or other financial institution that participates in the depositary’s book-entry system or holds an interest through a participant. As long as the debt securities are represented by one or more global securities, investors will be indirect holders, and not holders, of the debt securities.

 

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Street Name Holders

In the future, we may issue debt securities in certificated form or terminate a global security. In these cases, investors may choose to hold their debt securities in their own names or in “street name.” Debt securities held in street name are registered in the name of a bank, broker or other financial institution chosen by the investor, and the investor would hold a beneficial interest in those debt securities through the account he or she maintains at that institution.

For debt securities held in street name, we will recognize only the intermediary banks, brokers and other financial institutions in whose names the debt securities are registered as the holders of those debt securities and we will make all payments on those debt securities to them. These institutions will pass along the payments they receive to their customers who are the beneficial owners, but only because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required to do so. Investors who hold debt securities in street name will be indirect holders, and not holders, of the debt securities.

Legal Holders

Our obligations, as well as the obligations of the applicable trustee and those of any third parties employed by us or the applicable trustee, run only to the legal holders of the debt securities. We do not have obligations to investors who hold beneficial interests in global securities, in street name or by any other indirect means. This will be the case whether an investor chooses to be an indirect holder of a debt security or has no choice because we are issuing the debt securities only in book-entry form.

For example, once we make a payment or give a notice to the holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment or notice even if that holder is required, under agreements with depositary participants or customers or by law, to pass it along to the indirect holders but does not do so. Similarly, if we want to obtain the approval of the holders for any purpose (for example, to amend an indenture or to relieve us of the consequences of a default or of our obligation to comply with a particular provision of an indenture), we would seek the approval only from the holders, and not the indirect holders, of the debt securities. Whether and how the holders contact the indirect holders is up to the holders.

When we refer to you, we mean those who invest in the debt securities being offered by this prospectus, whether they are the holders or only indirect holders of those debt securities. When we refer to your debt securities, we mean the debt securities in which you hold a direct or indirect interest.

Special Considerations for Indirect Holders

If you hold debt securities through a bank, broker or other financial institution, either in book-entry form or in street name, we urge you to check with that institution to find out:

 

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how it handles securities payments and notices,

 

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whether it imposes fees or charges,

 

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how it would handle a request for the holders’ consent, if ever required,

 

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whether and how you can instruct it to send you debt securities registered in your own name so you can be a holder, if that is permitted in the future for a particular series of debt securities,

 

•

how it would exercise rights under the debt securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests, and

 

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if the debt securities are in book-entry form, how the depositary’s rules and procedures will affect these matters.

 

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Global Securities

As noted above, we usually will issue debt securities as registered securities in book-entry form only. A global security represents one or any other number of individual debt securities. Generally, all debt securities represented by the same global securities will have the same terms.

Each debt security issued in book-entry form will be represented by a global security that we deposit with and register in the name of a financial institution or its nominee that we select. The financial institution that we select for this purpose is called the depositary. Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, known as DTC, will be the depositary for all debt securities issued in book-entry form.

A global security may not be transferred to or registered in the name of anyone other than the depositary or its nominee, unless special termination situations arise. We describe those situations below under “Special Situations when a Global Security Will Be Terminated”. As a result of these arrangements, the depositary, or its nominee, will be the sole registered owner and holder of all debt securities represented by a global security, and investors will be permitted to own only beneficial interests in a global security. Beneficial interests must be held by means of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary or with another institution that has an account with the depositary. Thus, an investor whose security is represented by a global security will not be a holder of the debt security, but only an indirect holder of a beneficial interest in the global security.

Special Considerations for Global Securities

As an indirect holder, an investor’s rights relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. The depositary that holds the global security will be considered the holder of the debt securities represented by the global security.

If debt securities are issued only in the form of a global security, an investor should be aware of the following:

 

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An investor cannot cause the debt securities to be registered in his or her name, and cannot obtain certificates for his or her interest in the debt securities, except in the special situations we describe below.

 

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An investor will be an indirect holder and must look to his or her own bank or broker for payments on the debt securities and protection of his or her legal rights relating to the debt securities, as we describe under “Issuance of Securities in Registered Form” above.

 

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An investor may not be able to sell interests in the debt securities to some insurance companies and other institutions that are required by law to own their securities in non-book-entry form.

 

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An investor may not be able to pledge his or her interest in a global security in circumstances where certificates representing the debt securities must be delivered to the lender or other beneficiary of the pledge in order for the pledge to be effective.

 

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The depositary’s policies, which may change from time to time, will govern payments, transfers, exchanges and other matters relating to an investor’s interest in a global security. We and the trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in a global security. We and the trustee also do not supervise the depositary in any way.

 

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If we redeem less than all the debt securities of a particular series being redeemed, DTC’s practice is to determine by lot the amount to be redeemed from each of its participants holding that series.

 

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•

An investor is required to give notice of exercise of any option to elect repayment of its debt securities, through its participant, to the applicable trustee and to deliver the related debt securities by causing its participant to transfer its interest in those debt securities, on DTC’s records, to the applicable trustee.

 

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DTC requires that those who purchase and sell interests in a global security deposited in its book-entry system use immediately available funds. Your broker or bank may also require you to use immediately available funds when purchasing or selling interests in a global security.

 

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Financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system, and through which an investor holds its interest in a global security, may also have their own policies affecting payments, notices and other matters relating to the debt securities. There may be more than one financial intermediary in the chain of ownership for an investor. We do not monitor and are not responsible for the actions of any of those intermediaries.

Special Situations when a Global Security will be Terminated

In a global security is terminated, interests in it will be exchanged for certificates in non-book-entry form (certificated securities). After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold the certificated debt securities directly or in street name will be up to the investor. Investors must consult their own banks or brokers to find out how to have their interests in a global security transferred on termination to their own names, so that they will be holders. We have described the rights of legal holders and street name investors under “Issuance of Securities in Registered Form” above.

The prospectus supplement may list situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to the particular series of debt securities covered by the prospectus supplement. If a global security is terminated, only the depositary, and not we or the applicable trustee, is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions in whose names the debt securities represented by the global security will be registered and, therefore, who will be the holders of those debt securities.

Payment and Paying Agents

We will pay interest (either in cash or by delivery of additional indenture securities, as applicable) to the person listed in the applicable trustee’s records as the owner of the debt security at the close of business on a particular day in advance of each due date for interest, even if that person no longer owns the debt security on the interest due date. That day, usually about two weeks in advance of the interest due date, is called the “record date.” Because we will pay all the interest for an interest period to the holders on the record date, holders buying and selling debt securities must work out between themselves the appropriate purchase price. The most common manner is to adjust the sales price of the debt securities to prorate interest fairly between buyer and seller based on their respective ownership periods within the particular interest period. This prorated interest amount is called “accrued interest.”

Payments on Global Securities

We will make payments on a global security in accordance with the applicable policies of the depositary as in effect from time to time. Under those policies, we will make payments directly to the depositary, or its nominee, and not to any indirect holders who own beneficial interests in the global security. An indirect holder’s right to those payments will be governed by the rules and practices of the depositary and its participants, as described under “ — Special Considerations for Global Securities.”

Payments on Certificated Securities

We will make payments on a certificated debt security as follows. We will pay interest that is due on an interest payment date to the holder of debt securities as shown on the trustee’s records as of the close of business

 

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on the regular record date at our office in New York, NY and/or at other offices that may be specified in the prospectus supplement. We will make all payments of principal and premium, if any, by check at the office of the applicable trustee in New York, NY and/or at other offices that may be specified in the prospectus supplement or in a notice to holders against surrender of the debt security.

Alternatively, at our option, we may pay any cash interest that becomes due on the debt security by mailing a check to the holder at his or her address shown on the trustee’s records as of the close of business on the regular record date or by transfer to an account at a bank in the United States, in either case, on the due date.

Payment When Offices Are Closed

If any payment is due on a debt security on a day that is not a business day, we will make the payment on the next day that is a business day. Payments made on the next business day in this situation will be treated under the indenture as if they were made on the original due date, except as otherwise indicated in the attached prospectus supplement. Such payment will not result in a default under any debt security or the indenture, and no interest will accrue on the payment amount from the original due date to the next day that is a business day.

Book-entry and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how they will receive payments on their debt securities.

Events of Default

You will have rights if an Event of Default occurs in respect of the debt securities of your series and is not cured, as described later in this subsection.

The term “Event of Default” in respect of the debt securities of your series means any of the following:

 

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We do not pay the principal of, or any premium on, a debt security of the series on its due date.

 

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We do not pay interest on a debt security of the series within 30 days of its due date.

 

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We do not deposit any sinking fund payment in respect of debt securities of the series within 2 business days of its due date.

 

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We remain in breach of a covenant in respect of debt securities of the series for 60 days after we receive a written notice of default stating we are in breach. The notice must be sent by either the trustee or holders of at least 25% of the principal amount of debt securities of the series.

 

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We file for bankruptcy or certain other events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur.

 

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Any class of debt securities has an asset coverage of less than 100 per centum on the last business day of each of twenty-four consecutive calendar months.

 

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Any other Event of Default in respect of debt securities of the series described in the prospectus supplement occurs.

An Event of Default for a particular series of debt securities does not necessarily constitute an Event of Default for any other series of debt securities issued under the same or any other indenture. The trustee may withhold notice to the holders of debt securities of any default, except in the payment of principal, premium or interest, if it in good faith considers the withholding of notice to be in the best interests of the holders.

Remedies if an Event of Default Occurs

If an Event of Default has occurred and has not been cured, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the debt securities of the affected series may declare the entire principal amount of all the

 

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debt securities of that series to be due and immediately payable. This is called a declaration of acceleration of maturity. A declaration of acceleration of maturity may be canceled by the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of the affected series if (1) we have deposited with the trustee all amounts due and owing with respect to the securities (other than principal that has become due solely by reason of such acceleration) and certain other amounts, and (2) no other Events of Default are continuing.

Except in cases of default, where the trustee has some special duties, the trustee is not required to take any action under the indenture at the request of any holders unless the holders offer the trustee reasonable protection from expenses and liability (called an “indemnity”). If reasonable indemnity is provided, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the relevant series may direct the time, method and place of conducting any lawsuit or other formal legal action seeking any remedy available to the trustee. The trustee may refuse to follow those directions in certain circumstances. No delay or omission in exercising any right or remedy will be treated as a waiver of that right, remedy or Event of Default.

Before you are allowed to bypass your trustee and bring your own lawsuit or other formal legal action or take other steps to enforce your rights or protect your interests relating to the debt securities, the following must occur:

 

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You must give your trustee written notice that an Event of Default with respect to the relevant series of debt securities has occurred and remains uncured.

 

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The holders of at least 25% in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities of the relevant series must make a written request that the trustee take action because of the default and must offer reasonable indemnity to the trustee against the cost and other liabilities of taking that action.

 

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The trustee must not have taken action for 60 days after receipt of the above notice and offer of indemnity.

 

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The holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of that series must not have given the trustee a direction inconsistent with the above notice during that 60-day period.

However, you are entitled at any time to bring a lawsuit for the payment of money due on your debt securities on or after the due date.

Holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of the affected series may waive any past defaults other than

 

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the payment of principal, any premium or interest or

 

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in respect of a covenant that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of each holder.

Book-entry and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how to give notice or direction to or make a request of the trustee and how to declare or cancel an acceleration of maturity.

Each year, we will furnish to each trustee a written statement of certain of our officers certifying that to their knowledge we are in compliance with the indenture and the debt securities or else specifying any default.

Merger or Consolidation

Under the terms of the indenture, we are generally permitted to consolidate or merge with another entity. We are also permitted to sell all or substantially all of our assets to another entity. However, we may not take any of these actions unless all the following conditions are met:

 

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Where we merge out of existence or sell our assets, the resulting entity must agree to be legally responsible for our obligations under the debt securities.

 

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•

The merger or sale of assets must not cause a default on the debt securities and we must not already be in default (unless the merger or sale would cure the default). For purposes of this no-default test, a default would include an Event of Default that has occurred and has not been cured, as described under “Events of Default” above. A default for this purpose would also include any event that would be an Event of Default if the requirements for giving us a notice of default or our default having to exist for a specific period of time were disregarded.

 

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We must deliver certain certificates and documents to the trustee.

 

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We must satisfy any other requirements specified in the prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of debt securities.

Modification or Waiver

There are three types of changes we can make to the indenture and the debt securities issued thereunder.

Changes Requiring Your Approval

First, there are changes that we cannot make to your debt securities without your specific approval. The following is a list of those types of changes:

 

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change the stated maturity of the principal of, or interest on, a debt security;

 

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reduce any amounts due on a debt security;

 

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reduce the amount of principal payable upon acceleration of the maturity of a security following a default;

 

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adversely affect any right of repayment at the holder’s option;

 

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change the place (except as otherwise described in the prospectus or prospectus supplement) or currency of payment on a debt security;

 

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impair your right to sue for payment;

 

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adversely affect any right to convert or exchange a debt security in accordance with its terms;

 

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modify the subordination provisions in the indenture in a manner that is adverse to holders of the debt securities;

 

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reduce the percentage of holders of debt securities whose consent is needed to modify or amend the indenture;

 

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reduce the percentage of holders of debt securities whose consent is needed to waive compliance with certain provisions of the indenture or to waive certain defaults;

 

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modify any other aspect of the provisions of the indenture dealing with supplemental indentures, modification and waiver of past defaults, changes to the quorum or voting requirements or the waiver of certain covenants; and

 

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change any obligation we have to pay additional amounts.

Changes Not Requiring Approval

The second type of change does not require any vote by the holders of the debt securities. This type is limited to clarifications and certain other changes that would not adversely affect holders of the outstanding debt securities in any material respect. We also do not need any approval to make any change that affects only debt securities to be issued under the indenture after the change takes effect.

 

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Changes Requiring Majority Approval

Any other change to the indenture and the debt securities would require the following approval:

 

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If the change affects only one series of debt securities, it must be approved by the holders of a majority in principal amount of that series.

 

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If the change affects more than one series of debt securities issued under the same indenture, it must be approved by the holders of a majority in principal amount of all of the series affected by the change, with all affected series voting together as one class for this purpose.

In each case, the required approval must be given by written consent.

The holders of a majority in principal amount of a series of debt securities issued under the indenture, voting together as one class for this purpose, may waive our compliance with some of our covenants applicable to that series of debt securities. However, we cannot obtain a waiver of a payment default or of any of the matters covered by the bullet points included above under “ — Changes Requiring Your Approval.”

Further Details Concerning Voting

When taking a vote, we will use the following rules to decide how much principal to attribute to a debt security:

 

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For original issue discount securities, we will use the principal amount that would be due and payable on the voting date if the maturity of these debt securities were accelerated to that date because of a default.

 

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For debt securities whose principal amount is not known (for example, because it is based on an index), we will use the principal face amount at original issuance or a special rule for that debt security described in the prospectus supplement.

 

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For debt securities denominated in one or more foreign currencies, we will use the U.S. dollar equivalent.

Debt securities will not be considered outstanding, and therefore not eligible to vote, if we have deposited or set aside in trust money for their payment or redemption or if we, any other obligor, or any affiliate of us or any obligor own such debt securities. Debt securities will also not be eligible to vote if they have been fully defeased as described later under “Defeasance — Full Defeasance.”

We will generally be entitled to set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the holders of outstanding indenture securities that are entitled to vote or take other action under the indenture. However, the record date may not be more than 30 days before the date of the first solicitation of holders to vote on or take such action. If we set a record date for a vote or other action to be taken by holders of one or more series, that vote or action may be taken only by persons who are holders of outstanding indenture securities of those series on the record date and must be taken within eleven months following the record date.

Book-entry and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how approval may be granted or denied if we seek to change the indenture or the debt securities or request a waiver.

Defeasance

The following provisions will be applicable to each series of debt securities unless we state in the applicable prospectus supplement that the provisions of covenant defeasance and full defeasance will not be applicable to that series.

 

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Covenant Defeasance

Under current United States federal tax law and the indenture, we can make the deposit described below and be released from some of the restrictive covenants in the indenture under which the particular series was issued. This is called “covenant defeasance”. In that event, you would lose the protection of those restrictive covenants but would gain the protection of having money and government securities set aside in trust to repay your debt securities. If applicable, you also would be released from the subordination provisions described under “Indenture Provisions — Subordination” below. In order to achieve covenant defeasance, we must do the following:

 

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We must deposit in trust for the benefit of all holders of a series of debt securities a combination of cash (in such currency in which such securities and any coupons appertaining thereto are then specified as payable at stated maturity) or government obligations applicable to such securities and coupons appertaining thereto (determined on the basis of the currency in which such securities and coupons appertaining thereto are then specified as payable at stated maturity) that will generate enough cash to make interest, principal and any other payments on the debt securities on their various due dates and any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments.

 

•

We must deliver to the trustee a legal opinion of our counsel confirming that, under current U.S. federal income tax law, we may make the above deposit without causing you to be taxed on the debt securities any differently than if we did not make the deposit and just repaid the debt securities ourselves at maturity.

 

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We must deliver to the trustee a legal opinion of our counsel stating that the above deposit does not require registration by us under the 1940 Act, as amended, and a legal opinion and officers’ certificate stating that all conditions precedent to covenant defeasance have been complied with.

 

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Defeasance must not result in a breach or violation of, or result in a default under, of the indenture or any of our other material agreements or instruments.

 

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No default or event of default with respect to such debt securities and any coupons appertaining thereto shall have occurred and be continuing and no defaults or events of default related to bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization shall occur during the next 90 days.

 

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Satisfy the conditions for covenant defeasance contained in any supplemental indentures.

If we accomplish covenant defeasance, you can still look to us for repayment of the debt securities if there were a shortfall in the trust deposit or the trustee is prevented from making payment. In fact, if one of the remaining Events of Default occurred (such as our bankruptcy) and the debt securities became immediately due and payable, there might be a shortfall. Depending on the event causing the default, you may not be able to obtain payment of the shortfall.

Full Defeasance

If there is a change in United States federal tax law, as described below, we can legally release ourselves from all payment and other obligations on the debt securities of a particular series (called “full defeasance”) if we put in place the following other arrangements for you to be repaid:

 

•

We must deposit in trust for the benefit of all holders of a series of debt securities a combination of cash (in such currency in which such securities and any coupons appertaining thereto are then specified as payable at stated maturity) or government obligations applicable to such securities and coupons appertaining thereto (determined on the basis of the currency in which such securities and coupons appertaining thereto are then specified as payable at stated maturity) that will generate enough cash to make interest, principal and any other payments on the debt securities on their various due dates and any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments.

 

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•

We must deliver to the trustee a legal opinion confirming that there has been a change in current United States federal tax law or an IRS ruling that allows us to make the above deposit without causing you to be taxed on the debt securities any differently than if we did not make the deposit and just repaid the debt securities ourselves at maturity. Under current United States federal tax law, the deposit and our legal release from the debt securities would be treated as though we paid you your share of the cash and notes or bonds at the time the cash and notes or bonds were deposited in trust in exchange for your debt securities and you would recognize gain or loss on the debt securities at the time of the deposit.

 

•

We must deliver to the trustee a legal opinion of our counsel stating that the above deposit does not require registration by us under the 1940 Act, as amended, and a legal opinion and officers’ certificate stating that all conditions precedent to defeasance have been complied with.

 

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Defeasance must not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, of the indenture or any of our other material agreements or instruments.

 

•

No default or event of default with respect to such debt securities and any coupons appertaining thereto shall have occurred and be continuing and no defaults or events of default related to bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization shall occur during the next 90 days.

 

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Satisfy the conditions for covenant defeasance contained in any supplemental indentures.

If we ever did accomplish full defeasance, as described above, you would have to rely solely on the trust deposit for repayment of the debt securities. You could not look to us for repayment in the unlikely event of any shortfall. Conversely, the trust deposit would most likely be protected from claims of our lenders and other creditors if we ever became bankrupt or insolvent. If applicable, you would also be released from the subordination provisions described later under “Indenture Provisions — Subordination”.

Form, Exchange and Transfer of Certificated Registered Securities

If registered debt securities cease to be issued in book-entry form, they will be issued:

 

•

only in fully registered certificated form,

 

•

without interest coupons, and

 

•

unless we indicate otherwise in the prospectus supplement, in denominations of $1,000 and amounts that are multiples of $1,000.

Holders may exchange their certificated securities for debt securities of smaller denominations or combined into fewer debt securities of larger denominations, as long as the total principal amount is not changed and as long as the denomination is greater than the minimum denomination for such securities.

Holders may exchange or transfer their certificated securities at the office of the trustee. We have appointed the trustee to act as our agent for registering debt securities in the names of holders transferring debt securities. We may appoint another entity to perform these functions or perform them ourselves.

Holders will not be required to pay a service charge to transfer or exchange their certificated securities, but they may be required to pay any tax or other governmental charge associated with the transfer or exchange. The transfer or exchange will be made only if our transfer agent is satisfied with the holder’s proof of legal ownership.

If we have designated additional transfer agents for your debt security, they will be named in your prospectus supplement. We may appoint additional transfer agents or cancel the appointment of any particular transfer agent. We may also approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts.

 

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If any certificated securities of a particular series are redeemable and we redeem less than all the debt securities of that series, we may block the transfer or exchange of those debt securities during the period beginning 15 days before the day we mail the notice of redemption and ending on the day of that mailing, in order to freeze the list of holders to prepare the mailing. We may also refuse to register transfers or exchanges of any certificated securities selected for redemption, except that we will continue to permit transfers and exchanges of the unredeemed portion of any debt security that will be partially redeemed.

If a registered debt security is issued in book-entry form, only the depositary will be entitled to transfer and exchange the debt security as described in this subsection, since it will be the sole holder of the debt security.

Resignation of Trustee

Each trustee may resign or be removed with respect to one or more series of indenture securities provided that a successor trustee is appointed to act with respect to these series and has accepted such appointment. In the event that two or more persons are acting as trustee with respect to different series of indenture securities under the indenture, each of the trustees will be a trustee of a trust separate and apart from the trust administered by any other trustee.

Indenture Provisions — Subordination

Upon any distribution of our assets upon our dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization, the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on any indenture securities denominated as subordinated debt securities is to be subordinated to the extent provided in the indenture in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Designated Senior Indebtedness (as defined below), but our obligation to you to make payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on such subordinated debt securities will not otherwise be affected. In addition, no payment on account of principal (or premium, if any), sinking fund or interest, if any, may be made on such subordinated debt securities at any time unless full payment of all amounts due in respect of the principal (and premium, if any), sinking fund and interest on Designated Senior Indebtedness has been made or duly provided for in money or money’s worth.

In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment by us is received by the trustee in respect of subordinated debt securities or by the holders of any of such subordinated debt securities, upon our dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization before all Designated Senior Indebtedness is paid in full, the payment or distribution must be paid over to the holders of the Designated Senior Indebtedness or on their behalf for application to the payment of all the Designated Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid until all the Designated Senior Indebtedness has been paid in full, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to the holders of the Designated Senior Indebtedness. Subject to the payment in full of all Designated Senior Indebtedness upon this distribution by us, the holders of such subordinated debt securities will be subrogated to the rights of the holders of the Designated Senior Indebtedness to the extent of payments made to the holders of the Designated Senior Indebtedness out of the distributive share of such subordinated debt securities.

By reason of this subordination, in the event of a distribution of our assets upon our insolvency, certain of our senior creditors may recover more, ratably, than holders of any subordinated debt securities or the holders of any indenture securities that are not Designated Senior Indebtedness or subordinated debt securities. The indenture provides that these subordination provisions will not apply to money and securities held in trust under the defeasance provisions of the indenture.

Designated Senior Indebtedness is defined in the indenture as the principal of (and premium, if any) and unpaid interest on:

 

•

our indebtedness (including indebtedness of others guaranteed by us), whenever created, incurred, assumed or guaranteed, for money borrowed, that we have designated as “Designated Senior

 

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Indebtedness” for purposes of the indenture and in accordance with the terms of the indenture (including any indenture securities designated as Designated Senior Indebtedness), and

 

•

renewals, extensions, modifications and refinancings of any of this indebtedness.

If this prospectus is being delivered in connection with the offering of a series of indenture securities denominated as subordinated debt securities, the accompanying prospectus supplement will set forth the approximate amount of our Designated Senior Indebtedness and of our other indebtedness outstanding as of a recent date.

Secured Indebtedness

Certain of our indebtedness, including certain series of indenture securities, may be secured. The prospectus supplement for each series of indenture securities will describe the terms of any security interest for such series and will indicate the approximate amount of our secured indebtedness as of a recent date. In the event of a distribution of our assets upon our insolvency, the holders of unsecured indenture securities may recover less, ratably, than holders of any of our secured indebtedness.

The Trustee under the Indenture

U.S. Bank National Association will serve as the trustee under the indenture.

Certain Considerations Relating to Foreign Currencies

Debt securities denominated or payable in foreign currencies may entail significant risks. These risks include the possibility of significant fluctuations in the foreign currency markets, the imposition or modification of foreign exchange controls and potential illiquidity in the secondary market. These risks will vary depending upon the currency or currencies involved and will be more fully described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings or series, up to $250,000,000 of our common stock or debt securities, in one or more underwritten public offerings, at-the-market offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades, best efforts or a combination of these methods. The holders of our common stock will indirectly bear any fees and expenses in connection with any such offerings. We may sell the securities through underwriters or dealers, directly to one or more purchasers through agents or through a combination of any such methods of sale. Any underwriter or agent involved in the offer and sale of the securities will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement. A prospectus supplement or supplements will also describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including: the purchase price of the securities and the proceeds we will receive from the sale; any over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us; any agency fees or underwriting discounts and other items constituting agents’ or underwriters’ compensation; the public offering price; any discounts or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers; and any securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed. Only underwriters named in the prospectus supplement will be underwriters of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement.

The distribution of the securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market prices, or at negotiated prices. The price at which securities may be distributed may represent a discount from prevailing market prices.

In connection with the sale of the securities, underwriters or agents may receive compensation from us or from purchasers of the securities, for whom they may act as agents, in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions. Underwriters may sell the securities to or through dealers and such dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters under the Securities Act, and any discounts and commissions they receive from us and any profit realized by them on the resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Any such underwriter or agent will be identified and any such compensation received from us will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. The maximum aggregate commission or discount to be received by any member of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority or independent broker-dealer, including any reimbursements to underwriters or agents for certain fees and legal expenses incurred by them, will not be greater than 10% of the gross proceeds of the sale of securities offered pursuant to this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement.

Any underwriter may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, short-covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Over-allotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum price. Syndicate-covering or other short-covering transactions involve purchases of the securities, either through exercise of the over-allotment option or in the open market after the distribution is completed, to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a stabilizing or covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would otherwise be. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time.

Any underwriters that are qualified market makers on the NASDAQ Global Select Market may engage in passive market making transactions in our common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act, during the business day prior to the pricing of the offering, before the commencement of offers or sales of our common stock. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all

 

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independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, however, the passive market maker’s bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded. Passive market making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

We may sell securities directly or through agents we designate from time to time. We will name any agent involved in the offering and sale of securities and we will describe any commissions we will pay the agent in the prospectus supplement. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, our agent will act on a best-efforts basis for the period of its appointment.

Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, each class or series of securities will be a new issue with no trading market, other than our common stock, which is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. We may elect to list any other class or series of securities on any exchanges, but we are not obligated to do so. We cannot guarantee the liquidity of the trading markets for any securities.

Under agreements that we may enter, underwriters, dealers and agents who participate in the distribution of shares of our securities may be entitled to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribution with respect to payments that the agents or underwriters may make with respect to these liabilities. Underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of business.

If so indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will authorize underwriters or other persons acting as our agents to solicit offers by certain institutions to purchase our securities from us pursuant to contracts providing for payment and delivery on a future date. Institutions with which such contracts may be made include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational and charitable institutions and others, but in all cases such institutions must be approved by us. The obligations of any purchaser under any such contract will be subject to the condition that the purchase of our securities shall not at the time of delivery be prohibited under the laws of the jurisdiction to which such purchaser is subject. The underwriters and such other agents will not have any responsibility in respect of the validity or performance of such contracts. Such contracts will be subject only to those conditions set forth in the prospectus supplement, and the prospectus supplement will set forth the commission payable for solicitation of such contracts.

We may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third parties in such sale transactions will be underwriters and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement.

In order to comply with the securities laws of certain states, if applicable, our securities offered hereby will be sold in such jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers.

 

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CUSTODIAN, TRANSFER AND DISTRIBUTION PAYING AGENT AND REGISTRAR

Our securities are held under a custody agreement by Citibank, N.A. The address of the custodian is 399 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022. American Stock Transfer & Trust Company will act as our transfer agent, distribution paying agent and registrar. The principal business address of our transfer agent is 6201 15^th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219, telephone number: (800)  937-5449.

BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES

Since we will generally acquire and dispose of our investments in privately negotiated transactions, we will infrequently use brokers in the normal course of our business. Subject to policies established by our board of directors, our investment adviser will be primarily responsible for the execution of the publicly traded securities portion of our portfolio transactions and the allocation of brokerage commissions. Our investment adviser does not expect to execute transactions through any particular broker or dealer, but will seek to obtain the best net results for Solar Senior Capital, taking into account such factors as price (including the applicable brokerage commission or dealer spread), size of order, difficulty of execution, and operational facilities of the firm and the firm’s risk and skill in positioning blocks of securities. While our investment adviser generally will seek reasonably competitive trade execution costs, Solar Senior Capital will not necessarily pay the lowest spread or commission available. Subject to applicable legal requirements, our investment adviser may select a broker based partly upon brokerage or research services provided to the investment adviser and Solar Senior Capital and any other clients. In return for such services, we may pay a higher commission than other brokers would charge if the investment adviser determines in good faith that such commission is reasonable in relation to the services provided.

LEGAL MATTERS

Certain legal matters in connection with the securities offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Eversheds Sutherland (US) LLP, Washington, DC, and Venable LLP, Baltimore Maryland. Certain legal matters in connection with the offering will be passed upon for the underwriters, if any, by the counsel named in the applicable prospectus supplement.

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

KPMG LLP is an independent registered public accounting firm and is located at 345 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10154. The consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2016 have been included herein and in the registration statement in reliance upon the reports of KPMG LLP appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

With respect to the unaudited interim financial information for the periods ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, included herein, the independent registered public accounting firm has reported that they applied limited procedures in accordance with professional standards for a review of such information. However, their separate report included in the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2017, and included herein, states that they did not audit and they do not express an opinion on that interim financial information. Accordingly, the degree of reliance on their report on such information should be restricted in light of the limited nature of the review procedures applied. The accountants are not subject to the liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act for their report on the unaudited interim financial information because that report is not a “report” or a “part” of the registration statement prepared or certified by the accountants within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Securities Act.

 

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AVAILABLE INFORMATION

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form N-2, together with all amendments and related exhibits, under the Securities Act, with respect to the securities offered by this prospectus. The registration statement contains additional information about us and the securities being offered by this prospectus.

We are required to file with or submit to the SEC annual, quarterly and current periodic reports, proxy statements and other information meeting the informational requirements of the Exchange Act. You may inspect and copy these reports, proxy statements and other information, as well as the registration statement and related exhibits and schedules, at the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information filed electronically by us with the SEC which are available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of these reports, proxy and information statements and other information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549. This information will also be available free of charge by contacting us at Solar Senior Capital Ltd., 500 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022, by telephone at (212) 993-1670, or on our website at http://www.solarseniorcap.com.

 

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INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities as of June 30, 2017 (unaudited) and December 31, 2016			F-2
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 (unaudited) and the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 (unaudited)			F-3
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets for the six months ended June 30, 2017 (unaudited) and the year ended December 31, 2016			F-4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2017 (unaudited) and the six months ended June 30, 2016 (unaudited)			F-5
Consolidated Schedule of Investments as of June 30, 2017 (unaudited)			F-6
Consolidated Schedule of Investments as of December 31, 2016			F-10
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)			F-14
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm			F-35
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting			F-36
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm			F-37
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm On Internal Control Over Financial Reporting			F-38
Consolidated Statements of Assets  & Liabilities as of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015			F-39
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December  31, 2016, 2015 and 2014			F-40
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014			F-41
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December  31, 2016, 2015 and 2014			F-42
Consolidated Schedule of Investments as of December  31, 2016 and December 31, 2015			F-43
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			F-49

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

		June 30, 2017 (unaudited)				December 31, 2016
Assets
Investments at fair value:
Companies less than 5% owned (cost: $305,031 and $295,037, respectively)		$	299,372			$	289,399
Companies 5% to 25% owned (cost: $3,768 and $3,710, respectively)			1,953				1,825
Companies more than 25% owned (cost: $74,026 and $74,026, respectively)			73,960				74,310
Cash			3,502				11,876
Cash equivalents (cost: $99,894 and $139,952, respectively)			99,894				139,952
Dividends receivable			1,551				1,422
Interest receivable			1,103				1,463
Other receivable			20				19
Receivable for investments sold			49				1,450
Prepaid expenses and other assets			371				273
Total assets		$	481,775			$	521,989
Liabilities
Credit facility payable (see notes 6 and 7)		$	109,300			$	98,300
Payable for investments and cash equivalents purchased			99,894				151,312
Distributions payable			1,884				1,883
Management fee payable (see note 3)			267				104
Interest payable (see note 7)			299				241
Administrative services expense payable (see note 3)			526				621
Other liabilities and accrued expenses			514				383
Total liabilities		$	212,684			$	252,844
Commitments and contingencies (see notes 10, 11 and 12)
Net Assets
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 200,000,000 and 200,000,000 common shares authorized, respectively, and 16,031,117 and 16,025,011 issued and outstanding, respectively		$	160			$	160
Paid-in capital in excess of par			287,621				287,515
Distributions in excess of net investment income			(5,342	)			(5,342	)
Accumulated net realized loss			(5,808	)			(5,949	)
Net unrealized depreciation			(7,540	)			(7,239	)
Total net assets		$	269,091			$	269,145
Net Asset Value Per Share		$	16.79			$	16.80

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited)

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

		Three months ended								Six months ended
		June 30, 2017				June 30, 2016				June 30, 2017				June 30, 2016
INVESTMENT INCOME:
Interest:
Companies less than 5% owned		$	5,610			$	4,867			$	10,866			$	9,291
Companies 5% to 25% owned			52				52				101				102
Dividends:
Companies more than 25% owned			1,923				1,703				3,847				3,511
Other income:
Companies less than 5% owned			54				43				301				96
Companies more than 25% owned			19				16				39				30
Total investment income			7,658				6,681				15,154				13,030
EXPENSES:
Management fees (see note 3)		$	959			$	834			$	1,907			$	1,631
Performance-based incentive fees (see note 3)			122				465				197				850
Interest and other credit facility expenses (see note 7)			896				913				1,740				1,764
Administrative services expense (see note 3)			367				299				735				594
Other general and administrative expenses			477				332				953				673
Total expenses			2,821				2,843				5,532				5,512
Management fees waived (see note 3)			(692	)			—				(1,481	)			—
Performance-based incentive fees waived (see note 3)			(122	)			(228	)			(197	)			(613	)
Net expenses			2,007				2,615				3,854				4,899
Net investment income		$	5,651			$	4,066			$	11,300			$	8,131
REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS AND CASH EQUIVALENTS:
Net realized gain on investments and cash equivalents (companies less than 5% owned)		$	38			$	22			$	141			$	31
Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments and cash equivalents:
Companies less than 5% owned			21				14				(21	)			3,826
Companies 5% to 25% owned			—				(94	)			70				(94	)
Companies more than 25% owned			(481	)			666				(350	)			1,194
Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments and cash equivalents			(460	)			586				(301	)			4,926
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments and cash equivalents			(422	)			608				(160	)			4,957
NET INCREASE IN NET ASSETS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS		$	5,229			$	4,674			$	11,140			$	13,088
EARNINGS PER SHARE (see note 5)		$	0.33			$	0.41			$	0.70			$	1.13

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

		Six months ended June 30, 2017 (unaudited)				Year ended December 31, 2016
Increase in net assets resulting from operations:
Net investment income		$	11,300			$	18,316
Net realized gain			141				81
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)			(301	)			5,855
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations			11,140				24,252
Distributions to stockholders:
From net investment income			(11,300	)			(18,316	)
Capital transactions (see note 13):
Net proceeds from shares sold			—				75,255
Less common stock offering costs			—				(376	)
Reinvestment of distributions			106				26
Net increase in net assets resulting from capital transactions			106				74,905
Total increase (decrease) in net assets			(54	)			80,841
Net assets at beginning of period			269,145				188,304
Net assets at end of period(1)		$	269,091			$	269,145
Capital share activity:
Common stock sold			—				4,490,152
Common stock issued from reinvestment of distributions			6,106				1,544
Net increase from capital share activity			6,106				4,491,696

 

(1)	Includes overdistributed net investment income of ($5,342) and ($5,342), respectively.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)

(in thousands)

 

		Six months ended
		June 30, 2017				June 30, 2016
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations		$	11,140			$	13,088
Adjustments to reconcile net increase in net assets resulting from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Net realized gain on investments and cash equivalents			(141	)			(31	)
Net change in unrealized (gain) loss on investments and cash equivalents			301				(4,926	)
(Increase) decrease in operating assets:
Purchase of investments			(94,733	)			(53,074	)
Proceeds from disposition of investments			85,073				38,812
Capitalization of payment-in-kind interest			(251	)			—
Receivable for investments sold			1,401				(9,273	)
Interest receivable			360				725
Dividends receivable			(129	)			(801	)
Other receivable			(1	)			(4	)
Prepaid expenses and other assets			(98	)			(90	)
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
Payable for investments and cash equivalents purchased			(51,418	)			(17,319	)
Management fee payable			163				3
Performance-based incentive fee payable			—				237
Administrative services expense payable			(95	)			(185	)
Interest payable			58				45
Other liabilities and accrued expenses			131				104
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities			(48,239	)			(32,689	)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Cash distributions paid			(11,193	)			(8,131	)
Proceeds from borrowings			75,100				55,800
Repayments of borrowings			(64,100	)			(30,400	)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities			(193	)			17,269
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS			(48,432	)			(15,420	)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD			151,828				53,067
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD		$	103,396			$	37,647
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest		$	1,682			$	1,719

Non-cash financing activities consist of the reinvestment of distributions of $106 and $0 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and June 30, 2016, respectively.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (unaudited)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share/unit amounts)

 

Description		Industry		Spread above Index (3)				Libor Floor				Interest Rate (1)				Acquisition Date				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value
Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans — 111.9%
ABB/Con-Cise Optical Group LLC(2)(14)		Health Care Equipment & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.22	%			6/14/2016				6/15/2023			$	11,910			$	11,864			$	11,933
Acrisure, LLC(2)		Insurance			L+500				1.00	%			6.30	%			5/3/2017				11/22/2023				6,983				6,965				7,062
Advantage Sales and Marketing, Inc.		Professional Services			L+650				1.00	%			7.80	%			2/14/2013				7/25/2022				8,000				7,958				7,700
Aegis Toxicology Sciences Corporation(14)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+850				1.00	%			9.79	%			2/20/2014				8/24/2021				4,000				3,961				3,860
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc.(2)(14)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.55	%			11/28/2016				12/30/2022				3,593				3,559				3,575
American Seafoods Group LLC(2)(14)		Food Products			L+500				1.00	%			6.23	%			8/10/2015				8/19/2021				4,605				4,588				4,605
American Teleconferencing Services, Ltd. (PGI) (2)(14)		Communications Equipment			L+650				1.00	%			7.72	%			5/5/2016				12/8/2021				15,344				14,576				15,344
Anesthesia Consulting & Management, LP (2)(14)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.55	%			10/20/2016				10/31/2022				4,975				4,930				4,726
Capstone Logistics Acquisition, Inc.(2)(14)		Professional Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.73	%			10/3/2014				10/7/2021				8,159				8,106				8,078
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.(2)(14)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.73	%			10/13/2016				4/19/2022				9,950				9,861				9,851
DB Datacenter Holdings, Inc. (2)(14)		IT Services			L+475				1.00	%			5.98	%			12/28/2016				7/13/2021				5,000				4,930				4,950
Empower Payments Acquisition, Inc. (RevSpring)(2)(14)		Professional Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.80	%			11/28/2016				11/30/2023				4,602				4,516				4,556
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC(6)(14)		Aerospace & Defense			L+600				2.00	%			8.00	%			11/5/2013				5/4/2018				58				58				58
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC(6)(14)		Aerospace & Defense			L+600				2.00	%			8.00	%			11/5/2013				11/5/2018				2,343				2,343				1,827
Falmouth Group Holdings Corp. (AMPAC) (2)(14)		Chemicals			L+675				1.00	%			8.05	%			12/15/2016				12/14/2021				9,428				9,428				9,428
GenMark Diagnostics, Inc(2)(4)(14)		Health Care Providers & Services			—				—				6.90	%			4/22/2016				1/12/2019				9,541				9,612				9,737
Global Holdings LLC & Payment Concepts LLC(2)(14)		Consumer Finance			L+650				1.00	%			7.71	%			3/31/2017				5/5/2022				8,750				8,579				8,619
Global Tel*Link Corporation(2)		Communications Equipment			L+375				1.25	%			5.05	%			11/6/2015				5/23/2020				3,383				3,090				3,391
Global Tel*Link Corporation		Communications Equipment			L+775				1.25	%			9.05	%			5/21/2013				11/23/2020				3,000				2,968				2,996
HC Group Holdings III, Inc. (Walgreens)(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.23	%			3/25/2015				4/7/2022				4,913				4,895				4,900
Hostway Corporation(2)(14)		Internet Software & Services			L+475				1.25	%			8.05	%			6/27/2014				12/13/2019				8,526				8,507				8,270
Island Medical Management Holdings, LLC(2)(14)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.68	%			3/31/2017				9/1/2022				6,855				6,788				6,786
Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, LLC (KBS)(2)(14)		Commercial Services & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.23	%			10/31/2014				10/29/2021				4,875				4,842				4,851
Lumeris Solutions Company, LLC(2)(14)		Health Care Technology			L+860				0.25	%			9.68	%			3/22/2017				2/1/2020				4,000				3,992				4,000
Metamorph US 3, LLC (Metalogix)(2)(14) ††		Software			L+750	(7)			1.00	%			8.73	%			12/1/2014				12/1/2020				7,997				7,875				4,798
Meter Readings Holding, LLC (Aclara)(2)(14)		Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components			L+575				1.00	%			6.95	%			6/15/2017				8/29/2023				7,980				7,960				7,960
MHE Intermediate Holdings, LLC(2)(14)		Air Freight & Logistics			L+500				1.00	%			6.30	%			3/8/2017				3/10/2024				5,241				5,190				5,188
Ministry Brands, LLC(2)(14)		Software			L+500				1.00	%			6.23	%			11/21/2016				12/2/2022				8,707				8,629				8,642
MRI Software LLC(2)(14)		Software			L+600				1.00	%			7.30	%			6/7/2017				6/30/2023				7,674				7,597				7,597
MYI Acquiror Corp. (McLarens Young)(2)(14)		Insurance			L+450				1.25	%			5.75	%			5/21/2014				5/28/2019				3,356				3,342				3,356
MYI Acquiror Ltd. (McLarens Young)(2)(4)(14)		Insurance			L+450				1.25	%			5.75	%			5/21/2014				5/28/2019				4,282				4,265				4,282
PetVet Care Centers, LLC (2)(14)		Health Care Facilities			L+600				1.00	%			7.22	%			6/1/2017				6/8/2023				7,200				7,129				7,128
Polycom, Inc. (2)(14)		Communications Equipment			L+525				1.00	%			6.41	%			9/29/2016				9/27/2023				13,299				12,815				13,299
PPT Management Holdings, LLC(2)(14)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+600				1.00	%			7.30	%			12/15/2016				12/16/2022				7,960				7,886				7,880
Professional DataSolutions, Inc.(2)(14)		Software			L+550				1.00	%			6.73	%			3/23/2017				5/20/2022				6,525				6,431				6,459
PSP Group, LLC (Pet Supplies Plus)(2)(8)(14)		Specialty Retail			L+475				1.00	%			6.05	%			4/2/2015				4/6/2021				484				481				483
QBS Holding Company, Inc. (Quorum)(2)(14)		Software			L+475				1.00	%			5.92	%			8/1/2014				8/7/2021				6,059				6,021				5,969
Richelieu Foods, Inc.(2)(14)		Food Products			L+475				1.00	%			6.04	%			11/21/2014				5/21/2020				5,958				5,908				5,958
Salient Partners, L.P.(2)(14)		Asset Management			L+850				1.00	%			9.66	%			6/10/2015				6/9/2021				4,044				3,987				4,044
Securus Technologies, Inc.(14)		Communications Equipment			L+775				1.25	%			9.00	%			4/17/2013				4/30/2021				10,000				9,952				10,000
SHO Holding I Corporation (Shoes for Crews)(2)(14)		Footwear			L+500				1.00	%			6.23	%			11/20/2015				10/27/2022				5,910				5,864				5,895
Suburban Broadband, LLC (Jab Wireless, Inc.)(2)(14)		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.72	%			11/29/2016				3/26/2019				4,962				4,925				4,863
The Edelman Financial Center, LLC (2)(14)		Diversified Financial Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.66	%			12/16/2015				12/18/2022				4,916				4,835				4,916
The Hilb Group, LLC & Gencorp Insurance Group, Inc.(2)(14)		Insurance			L+475				1.00	%			6.05	%			3/16/2016				6/24/2021				3,812				3,751				3,773
Trident USA Health Services (2)(14)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+575				1.25	%			7.05	%			7/29/2013				7/31/2019				8,743				8,712				7,890
TwentyEighty, Inc.(14) ††		Professional Services			L+800	(9)			1.00	%			9.12	%			1/31/2017				3/31/2020				897				861				897
TwentyEighty, Inc.(14) ††		Professional Services			—				—				8.00	%(10)			1/31/2017				3/31/2020				1,916				1,808				1,782
TwentyEighty, Inc.(14) ††		Professional Services			—				—				9.00	%(11)			1/31/2017				3/31/2020				1,736				1,639				1,580

 

F-6

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share/unit amounts)

 

Description		Industry		Spread above Index (3)				Libor Floor				Interest Rate (1)				Acquisition Date				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value
U.S. Acute Care Solutions, LLC(2)(14)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.30	%			12/22/2016				5/15/2021				6,468				6,409				6,419
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp. (Veritext)(2)(14)		Professional Services			L+475				1.00	%			6.05	%			2/17/2017				1/29/2022				4,616				4,594				4,593
WIRB-Copernicus Group, Inc.(2)(14)		Professional Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.30	%			3/27/2017				8/12/2022				4,489				4,467				4,489
Total Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans																												$	304,249			$	301,243
																								Shares/ Units
Common Equity/Equity Interests/Warrants — 27.6%
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC(6)(12)(14)†		Aerospace & Defense															11/5/2013								133,668			$	1,367			$	68
Essence Group Holdings Corporation (Lumeris) Warrants(14)†		Health Care Technology															3/22/2017								52,000				16				14
First Lien Loan Program LLC(4)(5)(14)		Asset Management															2/13/2015								—				41,187				38,710
Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC(4)(5)(14)		Diversified Financial Services															9/30/2013								32,839				32,839				35,250
TwentyEighty Investors, LLC(14)†		Professional Services															1/31/2017								17,214				3,167				—
Total Common Equity/Equity Interests/Warrants																												$	78,576			$	74,042
Total Investments(13) — 139.5%																												$	382,825			$	375,285
																								Par Amount
Cash Equivalents — 37.1%
U.S. Treasury Bill		Government															6/30/2017				8/17/2017				100,000			$	99,894			$	99,894
Total Investments & Cash Equivalents —176.6%																												$	482,719			$	475,179
Liabilities in Excess of Other Assets — (76.6%)																																	(206,088	)
Net Assets — 100.0%																																$	269,091

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-7

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands)

 

(1)

Floating rate debt investments typically bear interest at a rate determined by reference to either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”) index rate or the prime index rate (PRIME or “P”), and which typically reset monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. For each debt investment we have provided the current interest rate in effect as of June 30, 2017.

(2)

Indicates an investment that is wholly or partially held by Solar Senior Capital Ltd. through its wholly-owned financing subsidiary SUNS SPV LLC (the “SPV”). Such investments are pledged as collateral under the Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility (see Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements) and are not generally available to creditors, if any, of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. The respective par amount for the investment partially held through the SPV is $4,592 for Genmark Diagnostics, Inc. The par balance in excess of this stated amount is held directly by Solar Senior Capital Ltd.

(3)	Floating rate instruments accrue interest at a predetermined spread relative to an index, typically the LIBOR or PRIME rate. These instruments are typically subject to a LIBOR or PRIME rate floor.

(4)

Indicates assets that the Company believes may not represent “qualifying assets” under Section 55(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“1940 Act”), as amended. If we fail to invest a sufficient portion of our assets in qualifying assets, we could be prevented from making follow-on investments in existing portfolio companies or could be required to dispose of investments at inappropriate times in order to comply with the 1940 Act. As of June 30, 2017, on a fair value basis, non-qualifying assets in the portfolio represented 18.3% of the total assets of the Company.

(5)

Denotes investments in which we are deemed to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of a company, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to beneficially owning, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 25% of the outstanding voting securities of the investment. Transactions during the six months ended June 30, 2017 in these controlled investments are as follows:

 

Name of Issuer		Fair Value at December 31, 2016				Gross Additions				Gross Reductions				Realized Gain (Loss)				Change in Unrealized Gain (Loss)				Dividend / Other Income				Fair Value at June 30, 2017
First Lien Loan Program LLC		$	38,810			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	(100	)		$	2,039			$	38,710
Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC			35,500				—				—				—				(250	)			1,847				35,250
		$	74,310			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	(350	)		$	3,886			$	73,960

 

(6)

Denotes investments in which we are an “Affiliated Person” but not exercising a controlling influence, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to beneficially owning, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 5% but less than 25% of the outstanding voting securities of the investment. Transactions during the six months ended June 30, 2017 in these affiliated investments are as follows:

 

Name of Issuer		Fair Value at December 31, 2016				Gross Additions				Gross Reductions				Realized Gain (Loss)				Change in Unrealized Gain (Loss)				Interest / Dividend Income				Fair Value at June 30, 2017
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (1st lien)		$	—			$	1,360			$	1,302			$	—			$	—			$	7			$	58
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (2nd lien)			1,757				—				—				—				70				94				1,827
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (equity interests)			68				—				—				—				—				—				68
		$	1,825			$	1,360			$	1,302			$	—			$	70			$	101			$	1,953

 

(7)	Spread is 5.50% Cash / 2.00% PIK.

(8)	PSP Group, LLC, PSP Service Newco, Inc., PSP Subco, LLC, PSP Stores, LLC, and PSP Distribution, LLC are co-borrowers.

(9)	Spread is 3.50% Cash / 4.50% PIK.

(10)	Coupon is 1.00% Cash / 7.00% PIK.

(11)	Coupon is 0.25% Cash / 8.75% PIK.

(12)	Our equity investment in Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC is held through ESP SSC Corp., a taxable consolidated subsidiary.

(13)	Aggregate net unrealized depreciation for federal income tax purposes is $11,052; aggregate gross unrealized appreciation and depreciation for federal tax purposes is $2,945 and $13,997, respectively, based on a tax cost of $386,337.

(14)	Investment valued using significant unobservable inputs.

†	Non-income producing security.

††	Investment contains a payment-in-kind (“PIK”) feature.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-8

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

 

Industry Classification		Percentage of Total Investments (at fair value) as of June 30, 2017
Health Care Providers & Services			15.8	%
Communications Equipment			12.0	%
Asset Management			11.4	%
Diversified Financial Services			10.7	%
Professional Services			9.0	%
Software			8.9	%
Insurance			8.5	%
Health Care Equipment & Supplies			3.2	%
Food Products			2.8	%
Chemicals			2.5	%
Consumer Finance			2.3	%
Internet Software & Services			2.2	%
Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components			2.1	%
Footwear			1.6	%
Air Freight & Logistics			1.4	%
IT Services			1.3	%
Wireless Telecommunication Services			1.3	%
Commercial Services & Supplies			1.3	%
Health Care Technology			1.1	%
Aerospace & Defense			0.5	%
Specialty Retail			0.1	%
Total Investments			100.0	%

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-9

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share/unit amounts)

 

Description		Industry		Spread above Index (3)				Libor Floor				Interest Rate (1)				Acquisition Date				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value
Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans — 108.2%
ABB/Con-Cise Optical Group LLC(2)		Health Care Equipment & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			6/14/2016				6/15/2023			$	11,970			$	11,920			$	12,135
Advantage Sales and Marketing, Inc		Professional Services			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			2/14/2013				7/25/2022				8,000				7,955				7,835
Aegis Toxicology Sciences Corporation		Health Care Providers & Services			L+850				1.00	%			9.50	%			2/20/2014				8/24/2021				4,000				3,958				3,740
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc.(2)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			11/28/2016				12/30/2022				8,640				8,554				8,554
ALG B.V. (Apple Leisure) (2)(4)		Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure			L+575				1.25	%			7.00	%			2/28/2013				2/28/2019				2,692				2,681				2,692
ALG USA Holdings, LLC (Apple Leisure) (2)		Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure			L+575				1.25	%			7.00	%			2/28/2013				2/28/2019				3,568				3,553				3,568
American Seafoods Group LLC(2)		Food Products			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			8/10/2015				8/19/2021				4,817				4,798				4,781
American Teleconferencing Services, Ltd. (PGI) (2)		Communications Equipment			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			5/5/2016				12/8/2021				8,662				7,871				8,423
Anesthesia Consulting & Management, LP (2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			10/20/2016				10/31/2022				5,000				4,951				4,950
Asurion, LLC		Insurance			L+750				1.00	%			8.50	%			2/27/2014				3/3/2021				840				785				855
Capstone Logistics Acqusition, Inc.(2)		Professional Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			10/3/2014				10/7/2021				8,278				8,218				8,196
CIBT Holdings, Inc. (2)		Professional Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.25	%			6/28/2016				6/28/2022				2,620				2,596				2,594
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.(2)		Insurance			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			10/13/2016				4/19/2022				10,000				9,903				10,067
ConvergeOne Holdings Corp.(2)		Communications Equipment			L+538				1.00	%			6.38	%			6/16/2014				6/17/2020				4,830				4,800				4,806
CT Technologies Intermediate Holdings(2)		Health Care Technology			L+425				1.00	%			5.25	%			12/1/2014				12/1/2021				3,393				3,377				3,253
DB Datacenter Holdings, Inc.(2)		IT Services			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			12/28/2016				7/13/2021				5,000				4,925				4,925
Empower Payments Acquisition, Inc.(2)		Professional Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			11/28/2016				11/30/2023				4,625				4,533				4,532
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC(6)		Aerospace & Defense			L+600				2.00	%			8.00	%			11/5/2013				11/5/2018				2,343				2,343				1,757
Epic Health Services, Inc.(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			2/20/2015				2/17/2021				4,798				4,770				4,798
Falmouth Group Holdings Corp. (AMPAC) (2)		Chemicals			L+675				1.00	%			7.75	%			12/15/2016				12/14/2021				9,476				9,476				9,476
GenMark Diagnostics, Inc(2)(4)		Health Care Providers & Services			—				—				6.90	%			4/22/2016				1/12/2019				9,643				9,538				9,739
Global Tel*Link Corporation(2)		Communications Equipment			L+375				1.25	%			5.00	%			11/6/2015				5/23/2020				3,426				3,083				3,418
Global Tel*Link Corporation		Communications Equipment			L+775				1.25	%			9.00	%			5/21/2013				11/23/2020				3,000				2,964				2,921
HC Group Holdings III, Inc. (Walgreens)(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			3/25/2015				4/7/2022				4,938				4,918				4,765
Hostway Corporation(2)		Internet Software & Services			L+475				1.25	%			8.00	%			6/27/2014				12/13/2019				8,776				8,753				8,162
Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, LLC (KBS)(2)		Commercial Services & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			10/31/2014				10/29/2021				4,875				4,840				4,778
Lumeris Solutions Company, LLC(2)		Health Care Technology			—				—				9.42	%			4/22/2016				12/27/2017				2,074				2,115				2,095
Material Handling Services, LLC (TFS) (2)		Air Freight & Logistics			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			3/3/2014				3/26/2020				11,056				10,991				10,946
Mediware Information Systems, Inc. (2)		Health Care Technology			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			9/26/2016				9/28/2023				4,988				4,939				4,988
Metamorph US 3, LLC (Metalogix)(2)		Software			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			12/1/2014				12/1/2020				8,000				7,860				5,720
Ministry Brands, LLC(2)		Software			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			11/21/2016				12/2/2022				5,493				5,438				5,438
MYI Acquiror Corp. (McLarens Young)(2)		Insurance			L+450				1.25	%			5.75	%			5/21/2014				5/28/2019				3,356				3,339				3,298
MYI Acquiror Ltd. (McLarens Young)(2)(4)		Insurance			L+450				1.25	%			5.75	%			5/21/2014				5/28/2019				4,282				4,260				4,208
nThrive, Inc. (Precyse) (2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			4/19/2016				10/20/2022				5,977				5,901				6,067
Pearl Merger Sub LLC (PetVet) (2)		Health Care Facilities			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			1/29/2015				12/17/2020				4,410				4,347				4,360
Polycom, Inc. (2)		Communications Equipment			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			9/29/2016				9/27/2023				14,506				13,940				14,434
PPT Management Holdings, LLC(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+600				1.00	%			7.00	%			12/15/2016				12/16/2022				8,000				7,920				7,920
PSP Group, LLC (Pet Supplies Plus)(2)(7)		Specialty Retail			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			4/2/2015				4/6/2021				487				483				484
QBS Holding Company, Inc. (Quorum)(2)		Software			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			8/1/2014				8/7/2021				6,370				6,325				6,115
Richelieu Foods, Inc.(2)		Food Products			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			11/21/2014				5/21/2020				6,510				6,446				6,510
Salient Partners, L.P.(2)		Asset Management			L+850				1.00	%			9.50	%			6/10/2015				6/9/2021				4,217				4,150				4,111
Securus Technologies, Inc.		Communications Equipment			L+775				1.25	%			9.00	%			4/17/2013				4/30/2021				10,000				9,946				9,759
SHO Holding I Corporation (Shoes for Crews)(2)		Footwear			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			11/20/2015				10/27/2022				5,940				5,890				5,940
Strategic Partners Acquisition Corp. (2)		Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods			L+525				1.00	%			6.25	%			6/24/2016				6/30/2023				1,995				1,976				2,015
Stratose Intermediate Holdings II, LLC(2)		Health Care Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			1/25/2016				1/26/2022				4,950				4,907				4,962
Suburban Broadband, LLC (Jab Wireless, Inc.)(2)		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			11/29/2016				3/26/2019				5,000				4,952				4,950
The Edelman Financial Center, LLC (2)		Diversified Financial Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			12/16/2015				12/18/2022				4,950				4,862				4,950
The Hilb Group, LLC & Gencorp Insurance Group, Inc.(2)		Insurance			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			3/16/2016				6/24/2021				3,814				3,747				3,776
Trident USA Health Services (2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+575				1.25	%			7.00	%			7/29/2013				7/31/2019				8,793				8,755				8,001
TwentyEighty, Inc. (fka Miller Heiman)(2)*		Professional Services			L+600				1.00	%			7.00	%			9/30/2013				9/30/2019				6,991				6,950				3,495
U.S. Acute Care Solutions, LLC(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			12/22/2016				5/15/2021				6,500				6,435				6,435
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp. (Veritext)(2)		Professional Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			1/29/2016				1/29/2022				4,481				4,443				4,459
Total Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans																												$	297,380			$	291,156

 

F-10

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share/unit amounts)

 

Description		Industry		Spread above Index (3)				Libor Floor				Interest Rate (1)				Acquisition Date				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value
																								Shares/ Units
Common Equity/Equity Interests — 27.6%
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC(6)(8)†		Aerospace & Defense															11/5/2013								133,668			$	1,367			$	68
First Lien Loan Program LLC(4)(5)		Asset Management															2/13/2015								—				41,187				38,810
Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC(4)(5)		Diversified Financial Services															9/30/2013								32,839				32,839				35,500
Total Common Equity/Equity Interests																												$	75,393			$	74,378
Total Investments(9) — 135.8%																												$	372,773			$	365,534
																								Par Amount
Cash Equivalents — 52.0%
U.S. Treasury Bill		Government															12/29/2016				2/2/2017				140,000			$	139,952			$	139,952
		Total Investments & Cash Equivalents —187.8%																										$	512,725			$	505,486
		Liabilities in Excess of Other Assets — (87.8%)																											(236,341)
		Net Assets — 100.0%																											$269,145

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-11

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands)

 

(1)

Floating rate debt investments typically bear interest at a rate determined by reference to either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”) index rate or the prime index rate (PRIME or “P”), and which typically reset monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. For each debt investment we have provided the current interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2016.

(2)

Indicates an investment that is wholly or partially held by Solar Senior Capital Ltd. through its wholly-owned financing subsidiary SUNS SPV LLC. Such investments are pledged as collateral under the Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility (see Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements) and are not generally available to creditors, if any, of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. The respective par amount for the investment that is partially held through the SPV is $4,821 for Genmark Diagnostics, Inc. The par balance in excess of this stated amount is held directly by Solar Senior Capital Ltd.

(3)	Floating rate instruments accrue interest at a predetermined spread relative to an index, typically the LIBOR or PRIME rate. These instruments are typically subject to a LIBOR or PRIME rate floor.

(4)

Indicates assets that the Company believes may not represent “qualifying assets” under Section 55(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“1940 Act”), as amended. If we fail to invest a sufficient portion of our assets in qualifying assets, we could be prevented from making follow-on investments in existing portfolio companies or could be required to dispose of investments at inappropriate times in order to comply with the 1940 Act. As of December 31, 2016, on a fair value basis, non-qualifying assets in the portfolio represented 17.4% of the total assets of the Company.

(5)

Denotes investments in which we are deemed to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of a company, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to beneficially owning, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 25% of the outstanding voting securities of the investment. Transactions during the year ended December 31, 2016 in these controlled investments are as follows:

 

Name of Issuer		Fair Value at December 31, 2015				Gross Additions				Gross Reductions				Realized Gain (Loss)				Dividend/ Other Income				Fair Value at December 31, 2016
First Lien Loan Program LLC		$	27,593			$	11,603			$	—			$	—			$	3,264			$	38,810
Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC			34,000				—				—				—				3,878				35,500
		$	61,593			$	11,603			$	—			$	—			$	7,142			$	74,310

 

(6)

Denotes investments in which we are an “Affiliated Person” but not exercising a controlling influence, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to beneficially owning, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 5% but less than 25% of the outstanding voting securities of the investment. Transactions during the year ended December 31, 2016 in these affiliated investments are as follows:

 

Name of Issuer		Fair Value at December 31, 2015				Gross Additions				Gross Reductions				Realized Gain (Loss)				Interest Income				Fair Value at December 31, 2016
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (1st lien)		$	106			$	376			$	482			$	—			$	11			$	—
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (2nd lien)			2,249				—				—				—				190				1,757
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (equity interests)			68				—				—				—				—				68
		$	2,423			$	376			$	482			$	—			$	201			$	1,825

 

(7)	PSP Group, LLC, PSP Service Newco, Inc., PSP Subco, LLC, PSP Stores, LLC, and PSP Distribution, LLC are co-borrowers.

(8)	Our equity investment in Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC is held through ESP SSC Corp., a taxable consolidated subsidiary.

(9)	Aggregate net unrealized depreciation for federal income tax purposes is $10,676; aggregate gross unrealized appreciation and depreciation for federal tax purposes is $3,649 and $14,325, respectively, based on a tax cost of $376,210.

*	Investment is on non-accrual status.

†	Non-income producing security.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-12

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

 

Industry Classification		Percentage of Total Investments (at fair value) as of December 31, 2016
Health Care Providers & Services			16.8	%
Communications Equipment			12.0	%
Asset Management			11.7	%
Diversified Financial Services			11.1	%
Professional Services			8.5	%
Insurance			8.4	%
Software			4.7	%
Health Care Equipment & Supplies			3.3	%
Food Products			3.1	%
Air Freight & Logistics			3.0	%
Health Care Technology			2.8	%
Chemicals			2.6	%
Internet Software & Services			2.2	%
Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure			1.7	%
Footwear			1.6	%
Wireless Telecommunication Services			1.4	%
IT Services			1.4	%
Commercial Services & Supplies			1.3	%
Health Care Facilities			1.2	%
Textile, Apparel & Luxury Goods			0.6	%
Aerospace & Defense			0.5	%
Specialty Retail			0.1	%
Total Investments			100.0	%

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-13

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

Note 1. Organization

Solar Senior Capital Ltd. (“Solar Senior”, the “Company”, “SUNS”, “we”, “us”, or “our”), a Maryland corporation formed on December 16, 2010, is a closed-end, externally managed, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”). Furthermore, as the Company is an investment company, it continues to apply the guidance in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 946. In addition, for tax purposes, we have elected to be treated as a regulated investment company (“RIC”), under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“the Code”).

On January 28, 2011, Solar Senior was capitalized with initial equity of $2 and commenced operations. On February 24, 2011, Solar Senior priced its initial public offering, selling 9.0 million shares, including the underwriters’ over-allotment, raising approximately $168,000 of net proceeds. Concurrent with this offering, our senior management team purchased an additional 500,000 shares through a private placement, raising another $10,000.

The Company’s investment objective is to seek to maximize current income consistent with the preservation of capital. We seek to achieve our investment objective by investing directly or indirectly in senior secured loans, including first lien and second lien debt instruments, made primarily to leveraged private middle-market companies whose debt is rated below investment grade, which the Company refers to collectively as “senior loans.” From time to time, we may also invest in public companies that are thinly traded. Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the value of the Company’s net assets (including the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) will be invested in senior loans.

Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments and reclassifications which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for the fair presentation of the results of the operations and financial condition for the periods presented. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Certain prior period amounts may have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

Interim consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X, as appropriate. Accordingly, they may not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual consolidated financial statements. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reported periods. Changes in the economic environment, financial markets and any other parameters used in determining these estimates could cause actual results to differ materially.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments which are of a normal recurring nature considered necessary for the fair presentation of financial statements, have been included.

The significant accounting policies consistently followed by the Company are:

 

(a)

Investment transactions are accounted for on the trade date;

 

F-14

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

(b)

The Company conducts the valuation of its assets in accordance with GAAP and the 1940 Act. The Company generally values its assets on a quarterly basis, or more frequently if required. Investments for which market quotations are readily available on an exchange are valued at the closing price on the date of valuation. The Company may also obtain quotes with respect to certain of its investments from pricing services or brokers or dealers in order to value assets. When doing so, management determines whether the quote obtained is sufficient according to GAAP to determine the fair value of the investment. If determined adequate, the Company uses the quote obtained. Debt investments with maturities of 60 days or less shall each be valued at cost plus accreted discount, or minus amortized premium, which is expected to approximate fair value, unless such valuation, in the judgment of Solar Capital Partners, LLC (the “Investment Adviser”), does not represent fair value, in which case such investments shall be valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”).

Investments for which reliable market quotations are not readily available or for which the pricing sources do not provide a valuation or methodology or provide a valuation or methodology that, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser or the Board does not represent fair value, shall be valued as follows: (i) each portfolio company or investment is initially valued by the investment professionals responsible for the portfolio investment; (ii) preliminary valuations are discussed with senior management of the Investment Adviser; (iii) independent valuation firms engaged by, or on behalf of, the Board will conduct independent appraisals and review the Investment Adviser’s preliminary valuations and make their own independent assessment for (a) each portfolio investment that, when taken together with all other investments in the same portfolio company, exceeds 10% of estimated total assets, plus available borrowings, as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter, and (b) each portfolio investment that is presently in payment default; (iv) the Board will discuss the valuations and determine the fair value of each investment in our portfolio in good faith based on the input of the Investment Adviser and, where appropriate, the respective independent valuation firm.

The recommendation of fair value generally considers the following factors among others, as relevant: applicable market yields; the nature and realizable value of any collateral; the portfolio company’s ability to make payments; the portfolio company’s earnings and discounted cash flow; the markets in which the issuer does business; and comparisons to publicly traded securities, among others.

When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Company will consider the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate the valuation. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.

Investments are valued utilizing a market approach, an income approach, or both approaches, as appropriate. However, in accordance with ASC 820-10, certain investments that qualify as investment companies in accordance with ASC 946, may be valued using net asset value as a practical expedient for fair value. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities (including a business). The income approach uses valuation approaches to convert future amounts (for example, cash flows or earnings) to a single present amount (discounted). The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. In following these approaches, the types of factors that we may take into account in fair value pricing our investments include, as relevant: available current market data, including relevant and applicable market trading and transaction comparables,

 

F-15

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

applicable market yields and multiples, security covenants, call protection provisions, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments, its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparisons of financial ratios of peer companies that are public, M&A comparables, and enterprise values, among other factors. When available, broker quotations and/or quotations provided by pricing services are considered as an input in the valuation process. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, there has been no change to the Company’s valuation approaches or techniques and the nature of the related inputs considered in the valuation process.

ASC Topic 820 classifies the inputs used to measure these fair values into the following hierarchy:

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, accessible by the Company at the measurement date.

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other observable inputs other than quoted prices.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

In all cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to each investment. The exercise of judgment is based in part on our knowledge of the asset class and our prior experience.

 

(c)

Gains or losses on investments are calculated by using the specific identification method.

 

(d)

The Company records dividend income and interest, adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount, on an accrual basis. Loan origination fees, original issue discount, and market discounts are capitalized and we amortize such amounts into income using the effective interest method or on a straight-line basis, as applicable. Upon the prepayment of a loan, any unamortized loan origination fees are recorded as interest income. We record call premiums on loans repaid as interest income when we receive such amounts. Capital structuring fees, amendment fees, consent fees, and any other non-recurring fee income as well as management fee and other fee income for services rendered, if any, are recorded as other income when earned.

 

(e)

The Company intends to comply with the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code pertaining to regulated investment companies to make distributions of taxable income sufficient to relieve it of substantially all U.S. federal income taxes. The Company, at its discretion, may carry forward taxable income in excess of calendar year distributions and pay a 4% excise tax on this income. The Company will accrue excise tax on such estimated excess taxable income as appropriate.

 

(f)

Book and tax basis differences relating to stockholder distributions and other permanent book and tax differences are typically reclassified among the Company’s capital accounts annually. In addition, the character of income and gains to be distributed is determined in accordance with income tax regulations that may differ from GAAP.

 

(g)

Distributions to common stockholders are recorded as of the record date. The amount to be paid out as a distribution is determined by the Board. Net realized capital gains, if any, are generally distributed or deemed distributed at least annually.

 

(h)

In accordance with Regulation S-X and ASC Topic 810—Consolidation, the Company consolidates its interest in investment company subsidiaries, financing subsidiaries and certain wholly-owned holding

 

F-16

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

companies that serve to facilitate investment in portfolio companies. In addition, the Company may also consolidate any controlled operating companies substantially all of whose business consists of providing services to the Company.

 

(i)

The accounting records of the Company are maintained in U.S. dollars. Any assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars based on the rate of exchange of such currencies against the U.S. dollar on the date of valuation. The Company will not isolate that portion of the results of operations resulting from changes in foreign exchange rates on investments from the fluctuations arising from changes in market prices of securities held. Such fluctuations would be included with the net unrealized gain or loss from investments. The Company’s investments in foreign securities, if any, may involve certain risks, including without limitation: foreign exchange restrictions, expropriation, taxation or other political, social or economic risks, all of which could affect the market and/or credit risk of the investment. In addition, changes in the relationship of foreign currencies to the U.S. dollar can significantly affect the value of these investments in terms of U.S. dollars and therefore the earnings of the Company.

 

(j)

The Company has made an irrevocable election to apply the fair value option of accounting to its senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”), in accordance with ASC 825-10. The Company uses an independent third-party valuation firm to assist in measuring its fair value.

 

(k)

In accordance with ASC 835-30, the Company records origination and other expenses related to certain debt issuances, if any, as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt liability. These expenses are deferred and amortized using either the effective interest method or the straight-line method over the stated life. The straight-line method may be used on revolving facilities and when it approximates the effective yield method.

 

(l)

The Company records expenses related to shelf registration statements and applicable equity offering costs as prepaid assets. These expenses are typically charged as a reduction of capital upon utilization, in accordance with ASC 946-20-25. Certain subsequent costs are expensed per the AICPA Audit & Accounting Guide for Investment Companies.

 

(m)

Investments that are expected to pay regularly scheduled interest in cash are generally placed on non-accrual status when principal or interest cash payments are past due 30 days or more and/or when it is no longer probable that principal or interest cash payments will be collected. Such non-accrual investments are restored to accrual status if past due principal and interest are paid in cash, and in management’s judgment, are likely to continue timely payment of their remaining principal and interest obligations. Cash interest payments received on such investments may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending on management’s judgment.

 

(n)

The Company defines cash equivalents as securities that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Generally, only securities with a maturity of three months or less would qualify, with limited exceptions. The Company believes that certain U.S. Treasury bills, repurchase agreements and other high-quality, short-term debt securities would qualify as cash equivalents.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In October 2016, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission adopted new rules and amended rules (together, “final rules”) interned to modernize the reporting and disclosure of information by registered investment companies. In part, the final rules amend Regulation S-X and require standardized, enhanced disclosure about derivatives in investment company financial statements, as well as other amendments. The compliance date for the amendments to Regulation S-X was August 1, 2017. The

 

F-17

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

Company has evaluated the impact that the adoption of the amendments to Regulation S-X on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures and determined that the adoption of the amendments to Regulation S-X has not had a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows, which will amend FASB ASC 230. The amendments in this Update require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this Update apply to all entities that have restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents and are required to present a statement of cash flows under Topic 230. For public business entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-18 on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-19, Technical Corrections and Improvements. As part of this guidance, ASU 2016-19 amends FASB ASC 820 to clarify the difference between a valuation approach and a valuation technique. The amendment also requires an entity to disclose when there has been a change in either or both a valuation approach and/or a valuation technique. ASU 2016-19 is effective on a prospective basis for financial statements issued for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016 on a prospective basis. The Company has evaluated the impact of ASU 2016-19 on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures and determined that the adoption of ASU 2016-19 has not had a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities, which will amend FASB ASC 310-20. The amendments in this Update shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium, generally requiring the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. For public business entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2017-08 on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Note 3. Agreements

Solar Senior has an Advisory Agreement with the Investment Adviser, under which the Investment Adviser manages the day-to-day operations of, and provides investment advisory services to, Solar Senior. For providing these services, the Investment Adviser receives a fee from Solar Senior, consisting of two components—a base management fee and an incentive fee. The base management fee is calculated at an annual rate of 1.00% of gross assets. For services rendered under the Advisory Agreement, the base management fee is payable quarterly in arrears. The base management fee is calculated based on the average value of our gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters. Base management fees for any partial month or quarter will be appropriately pro-rated. For purposes of computing the base management fee, gross assets exclude temporary assets acquired at the end of each fiscal quarter for purposes of preserving investment flexibility in the next fiscal quarter. Temporary assets include, but are not limited to, U.S. treasury bills, other short-term U.S. government or government agency securities, repurchase agreements or cash borrowings.

 

F-18

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

The incentive fee has two parts, as follows: one is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based on our pre-incentive fee net investment income for the immediately preceding calendar quarter. For this purpose, pre-incentive fee net investment income means interest income, dividend income and any other income (other than fees for providing managerial assistance) accrued during the calendar quarter, minus our operating expenses for the quarter (excluding the incentive fee). Pre-incentive fee net investment income includes, in the case of investments, if any, with a deferred interest feature (such as original issue discount, debt instruments with pay-in-kind interest and zero-coupon securities), accrued income that we have not yet received in cash. Pre-incentive fee net investment income does not include any realized capital gains or losses or unrealized capital appreciation or depreciation. Pre-incentive fee net investment income, expressed as a rate of return on the value of our net assets at the end of the immediately preceding calendar quarter, is compared to a hurdle of 1.75% per quarter (7.00% annualized). The Company pays the Investment Adviser an incentive fee with respect to pre-incentive fee net investment income for each calendar quarter as follows:

 

•

no incentive fee in any calendar quarter in which our pre-incentive fee net investment income does not exceed the hurdle of 1.75%;

 

•

50% of pre-incentive fee net investment income with respect to that portion of such pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds the hurdle but is less than 2.9167% in any calendar quarter (11.67% annualized);

and

 

•

20% of the amount of pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds 2.9167% in any calendar quarter (11.67% annualized) will be payable to the Investment Adviser.

The second part of the incentive fee is determined and payable in arrears as of the end of each calendar year (or upon termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement, as of the termination date) and will equal 20% of the Company’s cumulative realized capital gains less cumulative realized capital losses, unrealized capital depreciation (unrealized depreciation on a gross investment-by-investment basis at the end of each calendar year) and all net capital gains upon which prior performance-based capital gains incentive fee payments were previously made to the Investment Adviser. For financial statement purposes, the second part of the incentive fee is accrued based upon 20% of cumulative net realized gains and net unrealized capital appreciation. No accrual was required for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company recognized $959 and $1,907, respectively, in gross base management fees and $122 and $197, respectively, in gross performance-based incentive fees. For the three months and six ended June 30, 2017, $692 and $1,481, respectively, of such base management fees were waived. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, $122 and $197, respectively, of such performance-based incentive fees were waived. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company recognized $834 and $1,631, respectively, in gross base management fees and $465 and $850, respectively, in gross performance-based incentive fees. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, no base management fees were waived. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, $228 and $613, respectively, of such performance-based incentive fees were waived. For the quarterly periods ended September 30, 2016 to June 30, 2017 (the “Waiver Period”), the Investment Adviser had agreed to voluntarily waive a portion or all of the incentive fees, and to the extent necessary a portion or all of the base management fees, that the Investment Adviser would otherwise be entitled to receive pursuant to our investment advisory and management agreement with the Investment Adviser to the extent required in order for the Company to earn net investment income (exclusive of costs related to the expansion, extension and/or amendments of our credit facilities), as determined in accordance with GAAP, sufficient to maintain the Company’s current level of distributions. A portion or all of

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

the voluntary fee waivers made during the Waiver Period were made at the Investment Adviser’s discretion and are subject to recapture by the Investment Adviser and reimbursement by the Company through June 30, 2018 to the extent GAAP net investment income equals or exceeds the current level of distributions, among other conditions. As of June 30, 2017, the total amount of fees waived that are subject to possible recoupment quarterly through June 30, 2018 was $3,067. The amount to be waived or recaptured will be determined after the end of each quarter during the Waiver Period, with such amounts being accrued on a quarterly basis. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, there were no fees recaptured by the Investment Adviser. The voluntary fee waiver for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was made at the Investment Adviser’s discretion and was subject to recapture by the Investment Adviser and reimbursement by the Company if net investment income during and/or for fiscal 2016 equaled or exceeded distributions declared in fiscal 2016. For fiscal 2016, there were no fees recaptured by the Investment Adviser.

Solar Senior has also entered into an Administration Agreement with Solar Capital Management, LLC (the “Administrator”) under which the Administrator provides administrative services for Solar Senior. For providing these services, facilities and personnel, Solar Senior reimburses the Administrator for Solar Senior’s allocable portion of overhead and other expenses incurred by the Administrator in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including rent. The Administrator will also provide, on Solar Senior’s behalf, managerial assistance to those portfolio companies to which Solar Senior is required to provide such assistance. The Company typically reimburses the Administrator on a quarterly basis.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company recognized expenses under the Administration Agreement of $367 and $735, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company recognized expenses under the Administration Agreement of $299 and $594, respectively. No managerial assistance fees were accrued or collected for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.

Note 4. Net Asset Value Per Share

At June 30, 2017, the Company’s total net assets and net asset value per share were $269,091 and $16.79, respectively. This compares to total net assets and net asset value per share at December 31, 2016 of $269,145 and $16.80, respectively.

Note 5. Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net increase in net assets per share resulting from operations, pursuant to ASC 260-10, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016:

 

		Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
		2017				2016				2017				2016
Earnings per share (basic & diluted)
Numerator - net increase in net assets resulting from operations:		$	5,229			$	4,674			$	11,140			$	13,088
Denominator - weighted average shares:			16,029,874				11,533,315				16,028,103				11,533,315
Earnings per share:		$	0.33			$	0.41			$	0.70			$	1.13

Note 6. Fair Value

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP establishes a framework for

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

measuring fair value that includes a hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1. Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that the Company has the ability to access.

Level 2. Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or model inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 2 inputs include the following:

 

a)

Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;

 

b)

Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in non-active markets;

 

c)

Pricing models whose inputs are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and

 

d)

Pricing models whose inputs are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data through correlation or other means for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3. Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s and, if applicable, an independent third-party valuation firm’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.

When the inputs used to measure fair value fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the level within which the fair value measurement is categorized is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. For example, a Level 3 fair value measurement may include inputs that are observable (Levels 1 and 2) and unobservable (Level 3).

Gains and losses for assets and liabilities categorized within the Level 3 table below may include changes in fair value that are attributable to both observable inputs (Levels 1 and 2) and unobservable inputs (Level 3).

A review of fair value hierarchy classifications is conducted on a quarterly basis. Changes in the observability of valuation inputs may result in a reclassification for certain financial assets or liabilities. Such reclassifications are reported as transfers in/out of the appropriate category as of the end of the quarter in which the reclassifications occur.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

The following tables present the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

Fair Value Measurements

As of June 30, 2017

 

		Level 1				Level 2				Level 3				Measured at Net Asset Value*				Total
Assets:
Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans		$	—			$	26,049			$	275,194			$	—			$	301,243
Common Equity/Equity Interests/Warrants			—				—				35,332				38,710				74,042
Total Investments		$	—			$	26,049			$	310,526			$	38,710			$	375,285
Liabilities:
Credit Facility		$	—			$	—			$	109,300			$	—			$	109,300

 

*

In accordance with ASC 820-10, certain investments that are measured using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient for fair value have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. The portfolio investment in this category is First Lien Loan Program, LLC (“FLLP”). See Note 11 for more information on this investment, including its investment strategy and the Company’s unfunded equity commitment to FLLP. This investment is is not redeemable by the Company absent an election by the members of the entity to liquidate all investments and distribute the proceeds to the members.

Fair Value Measurements

As of December 31, 2016

 

		Level 1				Level 2				Level 3				Measured at Net Asset Value*				Total
Assets:
Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans		$	—			$	40,888			$	250,268			$	—			$	291,156
Common Equity/Equity Interests			—				—				35,568				38,810				74,378
Total Investments		$	—			$	40,888			$	285,836			$	38,810			$	365,534
Liabilities:
Credit Facility		$	—			$	—			$	98,300			$	—			$	98,300

 

*

In accordance with ASC 820-10, certain investments that are measured using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient for fair value have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

The following table provides a summary of the changes in fair value of Level 3 assets and liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2017, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at June 30, 2017:

Fair Value Measurements Using Level 3 Inputs

 

		Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans				Common Equity/Equity Interests/Warrants
Fair value, December 31, 2016		$	250,268			$	35,568
Total gains or losses included in earnings:
Net realized gain (loss)			76				—
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)			3,049				(3,418	)
Purchase of investment securities			84,747				3,182
Proceeds from dispositions of investment securities			(78,772	)			—
Transfers in/out of Level 3			15,826				—
Fair value, June 30, 2017		$	275,194			$	35,332
Unrealized gains (losses) for the period relating to those Level 3 assets that were still held by the Company at the end of the period:
Net change in unrealized gain (loss):		$	2,814			$	(3,418	)

During the three months ended June 30, 2017, Securus Technologies, Inc. was transferred from Level 2 to Level 3. At June 30, 2017, the Investment Adviser believed that Securus Technologies, Inc. was likely going to be prepaid at par in the near future. As such, the Investment Adviser felt that it was more representative of fair value to price the position at par, matching the price we would receive if the investment was prepaid, than to value the position using the public quote, which was above par. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, nThrive, Inc. was transferred from Level 2 to Level 3. At March 31, 2017, the Investment Adviser also believed that nThrive, Inc. was likely going to be prepaid in the near future. As such, the Investment Adviser felt that it was more representative of fair value to price the position at par, matching the price we would receive if the investment was prepaid, than to value the position using the public quote, which was above par. This position was repaid in the quarter ended June 30, 2017.

The following table shows a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for fair valued liabilities measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the six months ended June 30, 2017:

 

Beginning fair value at December 31, 2016		$	98,300
Borrowings			75,100
Repayments			(64,100	)
Transfers in/out of Level 3			—
Ending fair value at June 30, 2017		$	109,300

The Company has made an irrevocable election to apply the fair value option of accounting to the Credit Facility, in accordance with ASC 825-10. On June 30, 2017, there were borrowings of $109,300 on the Credit Facility. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Credit Facility had no net change in unrealized (appreciation) depreciation. The Company used an independent third-party valuation firm to assist in measuring the fair value of the Credit Facility.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

The following table provides a summary of the changes in fair value of Level 3 assets and liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2016, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at December 31, 2016:

Fair Value Measurements Using Level 3 Inputs

 

		Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans				Unsecured Notes				Common Equity/Equity Interests
Fair value, December 31, 2015		$	198,836			$	3,650			$	34,068
Total gains or losses included in earnings:
Net realized gain (loss)			6				—				—
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)			(1,812	)			(6	)			1,500
Purchase of investment securities			136,331				—				—
Proceeds from dispositions of investment securities			(83,093	)			(3,644	)			—
Transfers in/out of Level 3			—				—				—
Fair value, December 31, 2016		$	250,268			$	—			$	35,568
Unrealized gains (losses) for the period relating to those Level 3 assets that were still held by the Company at the end of the period:
Net change in unrealized gain (loss):		$	(2,857	)		$	—			$	1,500

During the year ended December 31, 2016, there were no transfers in and out of Levels 1 and 2.

The following table shows a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for fair valued liabilities measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the year ended December 31, 2016:

 

Beginning fair value at December 31, 2015		$	116,200
Borrowings			136,800
Repayments			(154,700	)
Transfers in/out of Level 3			—
Ending fair value at December 31, 2016		$	98,300

The Company has made an irrevocable election to apply the fair value option of accounting to the Credit Facility, in accordance with ASC 825-10. On December 31, 2016, there were borrowings of $98,300 on the Credit Facility. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Credit Facility had no net change in unrealized (appreciation) depreciation. The Company used an independent third-party valuation firm to assist in measuring the fair value of the Credit Facility.

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The Company typically determines the fair value of its performing debt investments utilizing a yield analysis. In a yield analysis, a price is ascribed for each investment based upon an assessment of current and expected market yields for similar investments and risk profiles. Additional consideration is given to current

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

contractual interest rates, relative maturities and other key terms and risks associated with an investment. Among other factors, a significant determinant of risk is the amount of leverage used by the portfolio company relative to the total enterprise value of the company, and the rights and remedies of our investment within each portfolio company.

Significant unobservable quantitative inputs typically used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s Level 3 assets and liabilities primarily reflect current market yields, including indices, and readily available quotes from brokers, dealers, and pricing services as indicated by comparable assets and liabilities, as well as enterprise values, returns on equity and earnings before income taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) multiples of similar companies, and comparable market transactions for equity securities.

Quantitative information about the Company’s Level 3 asset and liability fair value measurements as of June 30, 2017 is summarized in the table below:

 

Asset or Liability

Fair Value at June 30, 2017

Principal Valuation Technique/ Methodology

Unobservable Input

Range (Weighted Average)

Bank Debt / Senior Secured Loans

Asset

$

275,194

Yield Analysis

Market Yield

5.8% – 28.2% (7.9%)

$

82

Enterprise Value

EBITDA Multiple

9.5x-24.5x (24.5x)

Common Equity/Equity Interests/Warrants

Asset

$

35,250

Enterprise Value

Return on Equity

5.0% - 23.0% (11.3%)

Credit Facility

Liability

$

109,300

Yield Analysis

Market Yield

L+1.4% – L+4.8% (L+2.0%)

Significant increases or decreases in any of the above unobservable inputs in isolation, including unobservable inputs used in deriving bid-ask spreads, if applicable, would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement for such assets and liabilities.

Quantitative information about the Company’s Level 3 asset and liability fair value measurements as of December 31, 2016 is summarized in the table below:

 

Asset or Liability

Fair Value at December 31, 2016

Principal Valuation Technique/Methodology

Unobservable Input

Range (Weighted Average)

Bank Debt / Senior Secured Loans

Asset

$

250,268

Yield Analysis

Market Yield

5.7% – 37.3% (8.0%)

$

68

Enterprise Value

EBITDA Multiple

9.3x-27.0x (27.0x)

Common Equity/Equity Interests

Asset

$

35,500

Enterprise Value

Return on Equity

3.0% - 21.7% (15.0%)

Credit Facility

Liability

$

98,300

Yield Analysis

Market Yield

L+1.4%  – L+4.8% (L+2.0%)

Significant increases or decreases in any of the above unobservable inputs in isolation, including unobservable inputs used in deriving bid-ask spreads, if applicable, would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement for such assets and liabilities.

Note 7. Debt

Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility—On August 26, 2011, the Company established the SPV which entered into the Credit Facility with Citigroup Global Markets Inc. acting as administrative agent. On January 10,

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

2017, commitments to the Credit Facility, as amended, were increased from $175,000 to $200,000 by utilizing the accordion feature. It can also be expanded up to $600,000. The stated interest rate on the Credit Facility is LIBOR plus 2.00% with no LIBOR floor requirement and the current final maturity date is June 30, 2020. The Credit Facility is secured by all of the assets held by the SPV. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, Solar Senior Capital and the SPV, as applicable, have made certain customary representations and warranties, and are required to comply with various covenants, including leverage restrictions, reporting requirements and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. The Credit Facility also includes usual and customary events of default for credit facilities of this nature. The Credit Facility was amended on November 7, 2012, June 30, 2014 and May 29, 2015 to extend maturities and add greater investment flexibility, among other changes.

The Company has made an irrevocable election to apply the fair value option of accounting to the Credit Facility, in accordance with ASC 825-10. We believe accounting for the Credit Facility at fair value better aligns the measurement methodologies of assets and liabilities, which may mitigate certain earnings volatility. ASC 825-10 requires entities to display the fair value of the selected assets and liabilities on the face of the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities and changes in fair value of the Credit Facility are reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The average annualized interest cost for all borrowings for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016 was 2.98% and 2.59%, respectively. These costs are exclusive of other credit facility expenses such as unused fees and fees paid to the back-up servicer, if any. The maximum amount borrowed on the Credit Facility during the six months ended June 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016, was $109,300 and $141,600, respectively.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

Note 8. Financial Highlights and Senior Securities Table

The following is a schedule of financial highlights for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and for the year ended December 31, 2016:

 

		Six months ended June 30, 2017 (unaudited)				Year ended December 31, 2016
Per Share Data:(a)
Net asset value, beginning of year		$	16.80			$	16.33
Net investment income			0.71				1.42
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)			(0.01	)			0.50
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations			0.70				1.92
Distributions to stockholders:
From net investment income			(0.71	)			(1.42	)
Offering costs and other			—				(0.03	)
Net asset value, end of period		$	16.79			$	16.80
Per share market value, end of period		$	16.74			$	16.44
Total Return(b)			6.04	%			20.70	%
Net assets, end of period		$	269,091			$	269,145
Shares outstanding, end of period			16,031,117				16,025,011
Ratios to average net assets(c):
Net investment income			4.20	%			8.68	%
Operating expenses			0.78	%*			2.65	%*
Interest and other credit facility expenses			0.65	%			1.56	%
Total expenses			1.43	%*			4.21	%*
Average debt outstanding		$	91,522			$	109,938
Portfolio turnover ratio			23.4	%			38.4	%

 

(a)	Calculated using the average shares outstanding method.

(b)	Total return is based on the change in market price per share during the period and takes into account distributions, if any, reinvested in accordance with the dividend reinvestment plan. Total return does not include a sales load.

(c)	Not annualized for periods less than one year.

*

The ratio of operating expenses to average net assets and the ratio of total expenses to average net assets is shown net of voluntary management and incentive fee waivers (see note 3). For the six months ended June 30, 2017, the ratios of operating expenses to average net assets and total expenses to average net assets would be 1.41% and 2.05%, respectively, without the voluntary management and incentive fee waivers. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the ratios of operating expenses to average net assets and total expenses to average net assets would be 3.60% and 5.15%, respectively, without the voluntary management and incentive fee waivers.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

Information about our senior securities is shown in the following table as of each year ended December 31 since the Company commenced operations, unless otherwise noted. The “—” indicates information which the SEC expressly does not require to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities.

 

Class and Year		Total Amount Outstanding(1)				Asset Coverage Per Unit(2)				Involuntary Liquidating Preference Per Unit(3)				Average Market Value Per Unit(4)
Revolving Credit Facility
Fiscal 2017 (through June 30, 2017)		$	109,300			$	3,462			$	—				N/A
Fiscal 2016			98,300				3,738				—				N/A
Fiscal 2015			116,200				2,621				—				N/A
Fiscal 2014			143,200				2,421				—				N/A
Fiscal 2013			61,400				4,388				—				N/A
Fiscal 2012			39,100				5,453				—				N/A
Fiscal 2011			8,600				21,051				—				N/A

 

(1)	Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period presented.

(2)

The asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by senior securities representing indebtedness. This asset coverage ratio is multiplied by one thousand to determine the Asset Coverage Per Unit. In order to determine the specific Asset Coverage Per Unit for each class of debt, the total Asset Coverage Per Unit was divided based on the amount outstanding at the end of the period for each. As of June 30, 2017, asset coverage was 346.2%.

(3)	The amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon the involuntary liquidation of the issuer in preference to any security junior to it.

(4)	Not applicable, we do not have senior securities that are registered for public trading.

Note 9. Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC

We acquired Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC (d/b/a Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare Finance) (“Gemino”) on September 30, 2013. Gemino is a commercial finance company that originates, underwrites, and manages primarily secured, asset-based loans for small and mid-sized companies operating in the healthcare industry. Our initial investment in Gemino was $32,839. The management team of Gemino co-invested in the transaction and continues to lead Gemino.

Concurrent with the closing of the transaction, Gemino entered into a new, four-year, non-recourse, $100,000 credit facility with non-affiliates, which was expandable to $150,000 under its accordion feature. Effective March 31, 2014, the credit facility was expanded to $105,000 and again on June 27, 2014 to $110,000. On May 27, 2016, Gemino entered into a new $125,000 credit facility which replaced the previously existing facility. The new facility has similar terms as compared to the previous facility and includes an accordion feature increase to $200,000 and has a maturity date of May 27, 2020.

On December 31, 2013, we contributed our 32,839 units in Gemino to Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare LLC (“Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare”). In exchange for this contribution, we received 19,839 units of equity interests and $13,000 in floating rate secured notes of Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare bearing interest at LIBOR plus 7.50%, maturing on December 31, 2018. However, our financial statements, including our schedule of investments, reflected our investments in Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare on a consolidated basis.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

On October 28, 2016, Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare was dissolved. As of June 30, 2017, Gemino’s management team and Solar Senior own approximately 7% and 93% of the equity in Gemino, respectively.

Gemino currently manages a highly diverse portfolio of directly-originated and underwritten senior-secured commitments. As of June 30, 2017, the portfolio totaled approximately $206,003 of commitments, of which $120,688 were funded, on total assets of $120,044. As of December 31, 2016, the portfolio totaled approximately $186,360 of commitments, of which $114,386 were funded, on total assets of $118,490. At June 30, 2017, the portfolio consisted of 36 issuers with an average balance of approximately $3,352 versus 35 issuers with an average balance of approximately $3,268 at December 31, 2016. All of the commitments in Gemino’s portfolio are floating-rate, senior-secured, cash-pay loans. Gemino’s credit facility, which is non-recourse to us, had approximately $85,000 and $83,000 of borrowings outstanding at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, Gemino had net income of $655 and $963, respectively, on gross income of $2,760 and $3,313, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, Gemino had net income of $1,423 and $2,388, respectively, on gross income of $5,611 and $7,132, respectively. Due to timing and non-cash items, there may be material differences between GAAP net income and cash available for distributions.

Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company had unfunded debt and equity commitments to delayed draw and revolving loans, as well as to Gemino. The total amount of these unfunded commitments as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is $20,526 and $13,073, respectively, comprised of the following:

 

		June 30, 2017				December 31, 2016
Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC		$	5,000			$	5,000
PetVet Care Centers, LLC			4,800				—
MRI Software LLC			2,951				—
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC			1,678				1,736
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc			1,390				3,860
MHE Intermediate Holdings, LLC			1,229				—
Professional DataSolutions, Inc			1,148				—
The Hilb Group, LLC & Gencorp Insurance Group, Inc.			983				—
Island Medical Management Holdings, LLC			591				—
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp. (Veritext)			340				486
Ministry Brands, LLC			276				1,507
TwentyEighty, Inc			140				—
CIBT Holdings, Inc			—				484
Total Commitments*		$	20,526			$	13,073

 

*	The Company controls the funding of the Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC commitment and may cancel it at its discretion.

As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had sufficient cash available and/or liquid securities available to fund its commitments as well as the commitments to FLLP disclosed in Note 11 and Solar Life Science Program LLC (“LSJV”) disclosed in Note 12.

 

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

Note 11. First Lien Loan Program LLC

On September 10, 2014, the Company entered into a limited liability company agreement to create FLLP with Voya Investment Management LLC (“Voya”). Voya acts as the investment advisor for several wholly-owned insurance subsidiaries of Voya Financial, Inc. (NYSE: VOYA). The joint venture vehicle, structured as an unconsolidated Delaware limited liability company, is expected to invest primarily in senior secured floating rate term loans to middle market companies predominantly owned by private equity sponsors or entrepreneurs. Solar Senior and Voya have committed to provide $50,750 and $7,250, respectively, of capital to the joint venture. All portfolio decisions and generally all other decisions in respect of the FLLP must be approved by an investment committee of the FLLP consisting of representatives of the Company and Voya (with approval from a representative of each required). On February 13, 2015, FLLP commenced operations. On February 13, 2015, FLLP as transferor and FLLP 2015-1, LLC, a newly formed wholly owned subsidiary of FLLP, as borrower entered into a $75,000 senior secured revolving credit facility (the “FLLP Facility”) with Wells Fargo Securities, LLC acting as administrative agent. Solar Senior Capital Ltd. acts as servicer under the FLLP Facility. The FLLP Facility was scheduled to mature on February 13, 2020. The FLLP Facility generally bears interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a range of 2.25%-2.50%. FLLP and FLLP 2015-1, LLC, as applicable, have made certain customary representations and warranties, and are required to comply with various covenants, including leverage restrictions, reporting requirements and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. The FLLP Facility also includes usual and customary events of default for credit facilities of this nature. On August 15, 2016, the FLLP Facility was amended, expanding commitments to $100,000 and extending the maturity date to August 16, 2021. There were $76,088 and $75,941 of borrowings outstanding as of June 30, 2017 and Dec, 31 2016, respectively. As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, Solar Senior and Voya contributed combined equity capital in the amount of $47,071 and $47,071, respectively. Of the $47,071 of contributed equity capital at June 30, 2017, the Company contributed $29,584 in the form of investments and $11,603 in the form of cash and Voya contributed $5,884 in the form of cash. As of June 30, 2017, Solar Senior and Voya’s remaining commitments totaled $9,563 and $1,366, respectively. The Company, along with Voya, controls the funding of FLLP and FLLP may not call the unfunded commitments without approval of both the Company and Voya.

As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, FLLP had total assets of $122,408 and $122,225, respectively. For the same periods, FLLP’s portfolio consisted of first lien floating rate senior secured loans to 25 and 25 different borrowers, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2017, FLLP invested $3,744 across 6 portfolio companies. For the three months ended June 30, 2016, FLLP invested $7,185 across 4 portfolio companies. Investments prepaid totaled $8,626 for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and $6,184 for the three months ended June 30, 2016. At June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the weighted average yield of FLLP’s portfolio was 6.9% and 6.6%, respectively, measured at fair value and 6.8% and 6.5%, respectively, measured at cost.

 

F-30

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

FLLP Portfolio as of June 30, 2017

 

Description		Industry		Spread Above Index(1)				LIBOR Floor				Interest Rate(2)				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value(3)
1A Smart Start LLC		Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components			L+475				1.00	%			6.05	%			2/21/22			$	7,880			$	7,821			$	7,880
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc.(4)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.55	%			12/30/22				3,593				3,559				3,575
Anesthesia Consulting & Management, LP(4)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.55	%			10/31/22				4,975				4,930				4,726
Capstone Logistics Acquisition, Inc.(4)		Professional Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.73	%			10/7/21				5,284				5,248				5,231
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.(4)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.73	%			4/19/22				5,473				5,424				5,418
DB Datacenter Holdings, Inc.(4)		IT Services			L+475				1.00	%			5.98	%			7/13/21				5,500				5,456				5,445
Empower Payments Acquisition, Inc. (RevSpring)(4)		Professional Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.80	%			11/30/23				4,602				4,516				4,556
Falmouth Group Holdings Corp. (AMPAC)(4)		Chemicals			L+675				1.00	%			8.05	%			12/14/21				5,458				5,458				5,458
Island Medical Management Holdings, LLC(4)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.68	%			9/1/22				4,593				4,547				4,547
Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, LLC (KBS)(4)		Commercial Services & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.23	%			10/29/21				2,438				2,421				2,425
MedRisk, LLC		Health Care Providers & Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.34	%			3/1/23				3,950				3,917				3,950
Metamorph US 3, LLC (Metalogix)(4)		Software			L+750	(5)			1.00	%			8.73	%			12/1/20				3,998				3,935				2,399
Ministry Brands, LLC(4)		Software			L+500				1.00	%			6.23	%			12/2/22				4,353				4,313				4,321
National Spine and Pain Centers, LLC		Health Care Providers & Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.56	%			6/2/24				3,000				2,985				2,985
Pet Holdings ULC & Pet Supermarket, Inc.		Specialty Retail			L+550				1.00	%			6.60	%			7/5/22				4,825				4,762				4,777
PSP Group, LLC (Pet Supplies Plus)(4)		Specialty Retail			L+475				1.00	%			6.05	%			4/6/21				5,326				5,292				5,312
QBS Holding Company, Inc. (Quorum)(4)		Software			L+475				1.00	%			5.92	%			8/7/21				3,263				3,240				3,214
Salient Partners, L.P.(4)		Asset Management			L+850				1.00	%			9.66	%			6/9/21				4,943				4,873				4,943
Sarnova HC, LLC		Trading Companies and Distributors			L+475				1.00	%			5.98	%			1/28/22				4,938				4,898				4,938
Suburban Broadband, LLC (Jab Wireless, Inc.) (4)		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.72	%			3/26/19				8,106				8,022				7,944
Telular Corporation		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+425				1.25	%			5.55	%			6/24/19				4,918				4,905				4,918
The Hilb Group, LLC & Gencorp Insurance Group, Inc.(4)		Insurance			L+475				1.00	%			6.05	%			6/24/21				3,895				3,834				3,856
Tronair Parent Inc.		Aerospace & Defense			L+475				1.00	%			5.84	%			9/8/23				4,963				4,917				4,950
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp. (Veritext)(4)		Professional Services			L+475				1.00	%			6.05	%			1/29/22				5,555				5,529				5,527
Wirb-Copernicus Group, Inc.(4)		Professional Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.30	%			8/12/22				5,958				5,907				5,958
																								$	120,709			$	119,253

 

(1)	Floating rate instruments accrue interest at a predetermined spread relative to an index, typically the LIBOR or PRIME rate. These instruments are typically subject to a LIBOR or PRIME rate floor.

(2)

Floating rate debt investments typically bear interest at a rate determined by reference to either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”) index rate or the prime index rate (PRIME or “P”), and which typically reset monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. For each debt investment we have provided the current interest rate in effect as of June 30, 2017.

(3)	Represents the fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 820. The determination of such fair value is not included in the Board’s valuation process described elsewhere herein.

(4)	The Company also holds this security on its Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

(5)	Spread is 5.50% Cash / 2.0% PIK.

 

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

FLLP Portfolio as of December 31, 2016 (audited)

 

Description		Industry		Spread Above Index(1)				LIBOR Floor				Interest Rate(2)				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value(3)
1A Smart Start LLC		Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			2/21/22			$	7,920			$	7,855			$	7,920
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc.(4)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			12/30/22				3,456				3,422				3,422
Anesthesia Consulting & Management, LP(4)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			10/31/22				5,000				4,951				4,950
Capstone Logistics Acquisition, Inc.(4)		Professional Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			10/7/21				5,361				5,320				5,308
CIBT Holdings, Inc.(4)		Professional Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.25	%			6/28/22				2,620				2,596				2,594
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.(4)		Insurance			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			4/19/22				5,500				5,447				5,537
DB Datacenter Holdings, Inc.(4)		IT Services			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			7/13/21				5,500				5,450				5,417
Empower Payments Acquisition, Inc. (RevSpring)(4)		Professional Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			11/30/23				4,625				4,533				4,532
Falmouth Group Holdings Corp. (AMPAC)(4)		Chemicals			L+675				1.00	%			7.75	%			12/14/21				5,486				5,486				5,486
Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, LLC (KBS)(4)		Commercial Services & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			10/29/21				2,438				2,419				2,389
MedRisk, LLC		Health Care Providers & Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.25	%			3/1/23				3,970				3,934				3,970
Metamorph US 3, LLC (Metalogix)(4)		Software			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			12/1/20				4,000				3,928				2,860
Ministry Brands, LLC(4)		Software			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			12/2/22				2,746				2,719				2,719
Pearl Merger Sub, LLC (PetVet)(4)		Health Care Facilities			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			12/17/20				5,390				5,313				5,329
Pet Holdings ULC & Pet Supermarket, Inc.		Specialty Retail			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			7/5/22				4,538				4,474				4,481
PSP Group, LLC (Pet Supplies Plus)(4)		Specialty Retail			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			4/6/21				5,353				5,315				5,327
QBS Holding Company, Inc. (Quorum)(4)		Software			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			8/7/21				3,430				3,404				3,293
Salient Partners, L.P.(4)		Asset Management			L+850				1.00	%			9.50	%			6/9/21				5,154				5,073				5,025
Sarnova HC, LLC		Trading Companies and Distributors			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			1/28/22				4,963				4,919				4,962
Suburban Broadband, LLC (Jab Wireless, Inc.) (4)		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			3/26/19				8,168				8,060				8,086
Telular Corporation		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+425				1.25	%			5.50	%			6/24/19				5,063				5,047				5,051
The Hilb Group, LLC & Gencorp Insurance Group, Inc.(4)		Insurance			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			6/24/21				3,814				3,747				3,776
Tronair Parent Inc.		Aerospace & Defense			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			9/8/23				4,988				4,939				4,963
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp. (Veritext)(4)		Professional Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			1/29/22				4,481				4,443				4,459
Wirb-Copernicus Group, Inc.		Professional Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			8/12/22				5,486				5,434				5,431
																								$	118,228			$	117,287

 

(1)	Floating rate instruments accrue interest at a predetermined spread relative to an index, typically the LIBOR or PRIME rate. These instruments are typically subject to a LIBOR or PRIME rate floor.

(2)

Floating rate debt investments typically bear interest at a rate determined by reference to either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”) index rate or the prime index rate (PRIME or “P”), and which typically reset monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. For each debt investment we have provided the current interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2016.

(3)	Represents the fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 820. The determination of such fair value is not included in the Board’s valuation process described elsewhere herein.

(4)	The Company also holds this security on its Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

 

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

Below is certain summarized financial information for FLLP as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016:

 

		June 30, 2017				December 31, 2016 (audited)
Selected Balance Sheet Information for FLLP:
Investments at fair value (cost $120,709 and $118,228, respectively)		$	119,253			$	117,287
Cash and other assets			3,154				4,938
Total assets		$	122,407			$	122,225
Debt outstanding		$	76,088			$	75,941
Distributions payable			1,123				981
Interest payable and other credit facility related expenses			800				708
Accrued expenses and other payables			157				241
Total liabilities		$	78,168			$	77,871
Members’ equity		$	44,239			$	44,354
Total liabilities and members’ equity		$	122,407			$	122,225

 

		Three months ended June 30, 2017				Three months ended June 30, 2016				Six months ended June 30, 2017				Six months ended June 30, 2016
Selected Income Statement Information for FLLP:
Interest income		$	2,093			$	1,540			$	4,100			$	2,883
Service fees*		$	19			$	16			$	39			$	30
Interest and other credit facility expenses			751				509				1,443				973
Other general and administrative expenses			48				51				40				86
Total expenses			818				576				1,522				1,089
Net investment income		$	1,275			$	964			$	2,578			$	1,794
Realized gain on investments			69				—				69				—
Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments			(314	)			295				(516	)			375
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments			(245	)			295				(447	)			375
Net income		$	1,030			$	1,259			$	2,131			$	2,169

 

*	Service fees are included within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as other income.

Note 12. Solar Life Science Program LLC

On February 22, 2017, the Company and Solar Capital Ltd. formed LSJV with an affiliate of Deerfield Management. The Company committed $75,000 to LSJV. As of June 30, 2017, LSJV has not commenced operations.

Note 13. Capital Share Transactions

As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, 200,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value capital stock were authorized.

 

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (continued)

June 30, 2017

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

Transactions in capital stock were as follows:

 

		Shares								Amount
		Six months ended June 30, 2017				Year ended December 31, 2016				Six months ended June 30, 2017				Year ended December 31, 2016
Shares sold (less offering costs)			—				4,490,152			$	—			$	74,879
Shares issued in reinvestment of distributions			6,106				1,544				106				26
Net increase			6,106				4,491,696			$	106			$	74,905

Note 14. Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated the need for disclosures and/or adjustments resulting from subsequent events through the date the consolidated financial statements were issued.

On July 6, 2017, the Board declared a monthly distribution of $0.1175 per share payable on August 1, 2017 to holders of record as of July 20, 2017.

On August 1, 2017, the Board declared a monthly distribution of $0.1175 per share payable on August 31, 2017 to holders of record as of August 17, 2017.

 

F-34

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Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Solar Senior Capital Ltd.:

We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated statement of assets and liabilities, including the consolidated schedule of investments, of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2017, the related consolidated statements of operations for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, the related consolidated statement of changes in net assets for the six-month period ended June 30, 2017, and the related consolidated statements of cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2017 and 2016. These consolidated interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the consolidated financial statements referred to above for them to be in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statement of assets and liabilities, including the consolidated schedule of investments, of Solar Senior Capital Ltd., as of December 31, 2016 and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2016, and in our report dated February 22, 2017, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

/s/ KPMG LLP

New York, New York

August 1, 2017

 

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MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, and for performing an assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

Management performed an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016 based upon criteria in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on our assessment, management determined that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2016 based on the criteria on Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016 has been audited by KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears herein.

 

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Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Solar Senior Capital Ltd.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of assets and liabilities, including the consolidated schedule of investments, of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. (and subsidiaries) (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2016. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, by correspondence with the custodian, portfolio companies or agents. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. (and subsidiaries) as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the results of their operations, changes in their net assets and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2016, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated February 22, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ KPMG LLP

New York, New York

February 22, 2017

 

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Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

On Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Solar Senior Capital Ltd.:

We have audited Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying management’s report on internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Solar Senior Capital Ltd. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities, including consolidated schedule of investments of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. (and subsidiaries) as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in net assets and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2016 and our report dated February 22, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

/s/ KPMG LLP

New York, New York

February 22, 2017

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

		December 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
Assets
Investments at fair value:
Companies less than 5% owned (cost: $295,037 and $253,373, respectively)		$	289,399			$	242,502
Companies 5% to 25% owned (cost: $3,710 and $3,816, respectively)			1,825				2,423
Companies more than 25% owned (cost: $74,026 and $62,423, respectively)			74,310				61,593
Total investments (cost: $372,773 and $319,612, respectively)			365,534				306,518
Cash			11,876				3,070
Cash equivalents (cost: $139,952 and $49,997, respectively)			139,952				49,997
Receivable for investments sold			1,450				45
Dividends receivable			1,422				526
Interest receivable			1,482				2,040
Prepaid expenses and other assets			273				381
Total assets		$	521,989			$	362,577
Liabilities
Credit facility payable (see notes 6 and 7)		$	98,300			$	116,200
Payable for investments and cash equivalents purchased			151,312				54,897
Distributions payable			1,883				1,355
Management fee payable (see note 3)			104				831
Interest payable (see note 7)			241				262
Administrative services expense payable (see note 3)			621				534
Other liabilities and accrued expenses			383				194
Total liabilities		$	252,844			$	174,273
Commitments and contingencies (see notes 12 and 13)
Net Assets
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 200,000,000 and 200,000,000 common shares authorized, respectively, and 16,025,011 and 11,533,315 issued and outstanding, respectively		$	160			$	115
Paid-in capital in excess of par (see note 2f)			287,515				211,486
Distributions in excess of net investment income (see note 2f)			(5,342	)			(5,185	)
Accumulated net realized loss (see note 2f)			(5,949	)			(5,018	)
Net unrealized depreciation			(7,239	)			(13,094	)
Total net assets		$	269,145			$	188,304
Net Asset Value Per Share		$	16.80			$	16.33

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

		Year ended December 31,
		2016				2015				2014
INVESTMENT INCOME:
Interest:
Companies less than 5% owned		$	19,728			$	19,732			$	18,550
Companies 5% to 25% owned			201				214				221
Dividends:
Companies more than 25% owned			7,077				5,272				3,277
Other income:
Companies less than 5% owned			125				196				56
Companies more than 25% owned			65				32				—
Total investment income			27,196				25,446				22,104
EXPENSES:
Management fees (see note 3)		$	3,385			$	3,458			$	2,875
Performance-based incentive fees (see note 3)			1,560				740				440
Interest and other credit facility expenses (see note 7)			3,281				4,201				3,140
Administrative services expense (see note 3)			1,245				1,130				1,069
Other general and administrative expenses			1,411				1,284				993
Total expenses			10,882				10,813				8,517
Management fees waived (see note 3)			(797	)			—				—
Performance-based incentive fees waived (see note 3)			(1,205	)			(740	)			(227	)
Net expenses			8,880				10,073				8,290
Net investment income		$	18,316			$	15,373			$	13,814
REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS AND CASH EQUIVALENTS:
Net realized gain (loss) on investments and cash equivalents (companies less than 5% owned)		$	81			$	18			$	(638	)
Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments and cash equivalents			5,855				(14,344	)			(1,486	)
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments and cash equivalents			5,936				(14,326	)			(2,124	)
NET INCREASE IN NET ASSETS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS		$	24,252			$	1,047			$	11,690
EARNINGS PER SHARE (see note 5)		$	1.88			$	0.09			$	1.01

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

		Year ended December 31,
		2016				2015				2014
Increase in net assets resulting from operations:
Net investment income		$	18,316			$	15,373			$	13,814
Net realized gain (loss)			81				18				(638	)
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)			5,855				(14,344	)			(1,486	)
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations			24,252				1,047				11,690
Distributions to stockholders (see note 9a):
From net investment income			(18,316	)			(16,262	)			(14,842	)
From other sources			—				—				(1,419	)†
Net distributions to stockholders			(18,316	)			(16,262	)			(16,261	)
Capital transactions:
Net proceeds from shares sold			75,255				—				—
Less common stock offering costs			(376	)			—				—
Reinvestment of distributions			26				—				73
Net increase in net assets resulting from capital transactions			74,905				—				73
Total increase (decrease) in net assets			80,841				(15,215	)			(4,498	)
Net assets at beginning of year			188,304				203,519				208,017
Net assets at end of year(1)		$	269,145			$	188,304			$	203,519
Capital share activity:
Common stock sold			4,490,152				—				—
Common stock issued from reinvestment of distributions			1,544				—				4,012
Net increase from capital share activity			4,491,696				—				4,012

 

†	Represents tax return of capital.

(1)	Includes undistributed (overdistributed) net investment income of ($5,342), ($5,185) and ($3,529), respectively.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

 

		Year ended December 31,
		2016				2015				2014
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net increase in net assets from operations		$	24,252			$	1,047			$	11,690
Adjustments to reconcile net increase in net assets from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Net realized (gain) loss on investments and cash equivalents			(81	)			(18	)			638
Net change in unrealized (gain) loss on investments and cash equivalents			(5,855	)			14,344				1,486
(Increase) decrease in operating assets:
Purchase of investments			(176,924	)			(85,282	)			(216,729	)
Proceeds from disposition of investments			123,844				105,003				142,106
Capitalization of payment-in-kind interest			—				(99	)			(115	)
Receivable for investments sold			(1,405	)			(45	)			—
Interest receivable			558				(1,011	)			307
Dividends receivable			(896	)			(84	)			(44	)
Prepaid expenses and other assets			108				8				(188	)
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
Payable for investments and cash equivalents purchased			96,415				19,897				35,000
Management fee payable			(727	)			33				95
Performance-based incentive fees payable			—				—				(33	)
Administrative services expense payable			87				90				(186	)
Interest payable			(21	)			(15	)			138
Other liabilities and accrued expenses			189				(10	)			(80	)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities			59,544				53,858				(25,915	)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Net proceeds from shares sold			75,255				—				—
Common stock offering costs			(376	)			—				—
Cash distributions paid			(17,762	)			(16,262	)			(16,188	)
Proceeds from borrowings			136,800				47,700				206,100
Repayments of borrowings			(154,700	)			(74,700	)			(124,300	)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities			39,217				(43,262	)			65,612
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS			98,761				10,596				39,697
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR			53,067				42,471				2,774
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR		$	151,828			$	53,067			$	42,471
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest		$	3,302			$	4,216			$	3,002

Non-cash financing activities consist of the reinvestment of dividends of $26, $0 and $73 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Additionally, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, $29,584 of investments were transferred from the Company to First Lien Loan Program LLC (see note 13).

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share/unit amounts)

 

Description		Industry		Spread above Index(3)				Libor Floor				Interest Rate(1)				Acquisition Date				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value
Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans—108.2%
ABB/Con-Cise Optical Group LLC(2)		Health Care Equipment & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			6/14/2016				6/15/2023			$	11,970			$	11,920			$	12,135
Advantage Sales and Marketing, Inc		Professional Services			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			2/14/2013				7/25/2022				8,000				7,955				7,835
Aegis Toxicology Sciences Corporation		Health Care Providers & Services			L+850				1.00	%			9.50	%			2/20/2014				8/24/2021				4,000				3,958				3,740
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc.(2)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			11/28/2016				12/30/2022				8,640				8,554				8,554
ALG B.V. (Apple Leisure)(2)(4)		Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure			L+575				1.25	%			7.00	%			2/28/2013				2/28/2019				2,692				2,681				2,692
ALG USA Holdings, LLC (Apple Leisure)(2)		Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure			L+575				1.25	%			7.00	%			2/28/2013				2/28/2019				3,568				3,553				3,568
American Seafoods Group LLC(2)		Food Products			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			8/10/2015				8/19/2021				4,817				4,798				4,781
American Teleconferencing Services, Ltd. (PGI)(2)		Communications Equipment			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			5/5/2016				12/8/2021				8,662				7,871				8,423
Anesthesia Consulting & Management, LP(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			10/20/2016				10/31/2022				5,000				4,951				4,950
Asurion, LLC		Insurance			L+750				1.00	%			8.50	%			2/27/2014				3/3/2021				840				785				855
Capstone Logistics Acqusition, Inc.(2)		Professional Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			10/3/2014				10/7/2021				8,278				8,218				8,196
CIBT Holdings, Inc.(2)		Professional Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.25	%			6/28/2016				6/28/2022				2,620				2,596				2,594
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.(2)		Insurance			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			10/13/2016				4/19/2022				10,000				9,903				10,067
ConvergeOne Holdings Corp.(2)		Communications Equipment			L+538				1.00	%			6.38	%			6/16/2014				6/17/2020				4,830				4,800				4,806
CT Technologies Intermediate Holdings(2)		Health Care Technology			L+425				1.00	%			5.25	%			12/1/2014				12/1/2021				3,393				3,377				3,253
DB Datacenter Holdings, Inc.(2)		IT Services			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			12/28/2016				7/13/2021				5,000				4,925				4,925
Empower Payments Acquisition, Inc.(2)		Professional Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			11/28/2016				11/30/2023				4,625				4,533				4,532
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC(6)		Aerospace & Defense			L+600				2.00	%			8.00	%			11/5/2013				11/5/2018				2,343				2,343				1,757
Epic Health Services, Inc.(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			2/20/2015				2/17/2021				4,798				4,770				4,798
Falmouth Group Holdings Corp. (AMPAC) (2)		Chemicals			L+675				1.00	%			7.75	%			12/15/2016				12/14/2021				9,476				9,476				9,476
GenMark Diagnostics, Inc(2)(4)		Health Care Providers & Services			—				—				6.90	%			4/22/2016				1/12/2019				9,643				9,538				9,739
Global Tel*Link Corporation(2)		Communications Equipment			L+375				1.25	%			5.00	%			11/6/2015				5/23/2020				3,426				3,083				3,418
Global Tel*Link Corporation		Communications Equipment			L+775				1.25	%			9.00	%			5/21/2013				11/23/2020				3,000				2,964				2,921
HC Group Holdings III, Inc. (Walgreens)(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			3/25/2015				4/7/2022				4,938				4,918				4,765
Hostway Corporation(2)		Internet Software & Services			L+475				1.25	%			8.00	%			6/27/2014				12/13/2019				8,776				8,753				8,162
Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, LLC (KBS)(2)		Commercial Services & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			10/31/2014				10/29/2021				4,875				4,840				4,778
Lumeris Solutions Company, LLC(2)		Health Care Technology			—				—				9.42	%			4/22/2016				12/27/2017				2,074				2,115				2,095
Material Handling Services, LLC (TFS)(2)		Air Freight & Logistics			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			3/3/2014				3/26/2020				11,056				10,991				10,946
Mediware Information Systems, Inc.(2)		Health Care Technology			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			9/26/2016				9/28/2023				4,988				4,939				4,988
Metamorph US 3, LLC (Metalogix)(2)		Software			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			12/1/2014				12/1/2020				8,000				7,860				5,720
Ministry Brands, LLC(2)		Software			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			11/21/2016				12/2/2022				5,493				5,438				5,438
MYI Acquiror Corp. (McLarens Young)(2)		Insurance			L+450				1.25	%			5.75	%			5/21/2014				5/28/2019				3,356				3,339				3,298
MYI Acquiror Ltd. (McLarens Young)(2)(4)		Insurance			L+450				1.25	%			5.75	%			5/21/2014				5/28/2019				4,282				4,260				4,208
nThrive, Inc. (Precyse)(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			4/19/2016				10/20/2022				5,977				5,901				6,067
Pearl Merger Sub LLC (PetVet)(2)		Health Care Facilities			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			1/29/2015				12/17/2020				4,410				4,347				4,360
Polycom, Inc.(2)		Communications Equipment			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			9/29/2016				9/27/2023				14,506				13,940				14,434
PPT Management Holdings, LLC(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+600				1.00	%			7.00	%			12/15/2016				12/16/2022				8,000				7,920				7,920
PSP Group, LLC (Pet Supplies Plus)(2)(7)		Specialty Retail			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			4/2/2015				4/6/2021				487				483				484
QBS Holding Company, Inc. (Quorum)(2)		Software			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			8/1/2014				8/7/2021				6,370				6,325				6,115
Richelieu Foods, Inc.(2)		Food Products			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			11/21/2014				5/21/2020				6,510				6,446				6,510
Salient Partners, L.P.(2)		Asset Management			L+850				1.00	%			9.50	%			6/10/2015				6/9/2021				4,217				4,150				4,111
Securus Technologies, Inc		Communications Equipment			L+775				1.25	%			9.00	%			4/17/2013				4/30/2021				10,000				9,946				9,759
SHO Holding I Corporation (Shoes for Crews)(2)		Footwear			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			11/20/2015				10/27/2022				5,940				5,890				5,940
Strategic Partners Acquisition Corp.(2)		Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods			L+525				1.00	%			6.25	%			6/24/2016				6/30/2023				1,995				1,976				2,015
Stratose Intermediate Holdings II, LLC(2)		Health Care Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			1/25/2016				1/26/2022				4,950				4,907				4,962
Suburban Broadband, LLC (Jab Wireless, Inc.)(2)		Wireless Telecommunications Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			11/29/2016				3/26/2019				5,000				4,952				4,950
The Edelman Financial Center, LLC(2)		Diversified Financial Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			12/16/2015				12/18/2022				4,950				4,862				4,950
The Hilb Group, LLC & Gencorp Insurance Group, Inc.(2)		Insurance			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			3/16/2016				6/24/2021				3,814				3,747				3,776
Trident USA Health Services(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+575				1.25	%			7.00	%			7/29/2013				7/31/2019				8,793				8,755				8,001
TwentyEighty, Inc. (fka Miller Heiman)(2)*		Professional Services			L+600				1.00	%			7.00	%			9/30/2013				9/30/2019				6,991				6,950				3,495
U.S. Acute Care Solutions, LLC(2)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			12/22/2016				5/15/2021				6,500				6,435				6,435
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp. (Veritext)(2)		Professional Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			1/29/2016				1/29/2022				4,481				4,443				4,459
Total Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans																												$	297,380			$	291,156
Common Equity/Equity Interests—27.6%																					Shares/Units
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC(6)(8)†		Aerospace & Defense															11/5/2013								133,668			$	1,367			$	68
First Lien Loan Program LLC(4)(5)		Asset Management															2/13/2015								—				41,187				38,810
Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC(4)(5)		Diversified Financial Services															9/30/2013								32,839				32,839				35,500
Total Common Equity/Equity Interests																												$	75,393			$	74,378
Total Investments(9)—135.8%																												$	372,773			$	365,534
Cash Equivalents—52.0%																					Par Amount
U.S. Treasury Bill		Government															12/29/2016				2/2/2017				140,000			$	139,952			$	139,952
Total Investments & Cash Equivalents—187.8%																												$	512,725			$	505,486
Liabilities in Excess of Other Assets—(87.8%)																																	(236,341	)
Net Assets—100.0%																																$	269,145

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands)

 

(1)

Floating rate debt investments typically bear interest at a rate determined by reference to either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”) index rate or the prime index rate (PRIME or “P”), and which typically reset monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. For each debt investment we have provided the current interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2016.

(2)

Indicates an investment that is wholly or partially held by Solar Senior Capital Ltd. through its wholly-owned financing subsidiary SUNS SPV LLC. Such investments are pledged as collateral under the Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility (see Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements) and are not generally available to creditors, if any, of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. The respective par amount for the investment that is partially held through SUNS SPV LLC is $4,821 for Genmark Diagnostics, Inc. The par balance in excess of this stated amount is held directly by Solar Senior Capital Ltd.

(3)	Floating rate instruments accrue interest at a predetermined spread relative to an index, typically the LIBOR or PRIME rate. These instruments are typically subject to a LIBOR or PRIME rate floor.

(4)

Indicates assets that the Company believes may not represent “qualifying assets” under Section 55(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“1940 Act”), as amended. If we fail to invest a sufficient portion of our assets in qualifying assets, we could be prevented from making follow-on investments in existing portfolio companies or could be required to dispose of investments at inappropriate times in order to comply with the 1940 Act. As of December 31, 2016, on a fair value basis, non-qualifying assets in the portfolio represented 17.4% of the total assets of the Company.

(5)

Denotes investments in which we are deemed to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of a company, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to beneficially owning, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 25% of the outstanding voting securities of the investment. Transactions during the year ended December 31, 2016 in these controlled investments are as follows:

 

Name of Issuer		Fair Value at December 31, 2015				Gross Additions				Gross Reductions				Realized Gain (Loss)				Dividend/ Other Income				Fair Value at December 31, 2016
First Lien Loan Program LLC		$	27,593			$	11,603			$	—			$	—			$	3,264			$	38,810
Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC			34,000				—				—				—				3,878				35,500
		$	61,593			$	11,603			$	—			$	—			$	7,142			$	74,310

 

(6)

Denotes investments in which we are an “Affiliated Person” but not exercising a controlling influence, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to beneficially owning, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 5% but less than 25% of the outstanding voting securities of the investment. Transactions during the year ended December 31, 2016 in these affiliated investments are as follows:

 

Name of Issuer		Fair Value at December 31, 2015				Gross Additions				Gross Reductions				Realized Gain (Loss)				Interest Income				Fair Value at December 31, 2016
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (1st lien)		$	106			$	376			$	482			$	—			$	11			$	—
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (2nd lien)			2,249				—				—				—				190				1,757
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (equity interests)			68				—				—				—				—				68
		$	2,423			$	376			$	482			$	—			$	201			$	1,825

 

(7)	PSP Group, LLC, PSP Service Newco, Inc., PSP Subco, LLC, PSP Stores, LLC, and PSP Distribution, LLC are co-borrowers.

(8)	Our equity investment in Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC is held through ESP SSC Corp., a taxable consolidated subsidiary.

(9)	Aggregate net unrealized depreciation for federal income tax purposes is $10,676; aggregate gross unrealized appreciation and depreciation for federal tax purposes is $3,649 and $14,325, respectively, based on a tax cost of $376,210.

*	Investment is on non-accrual status.

†	Non-income producing security.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

 

Industry Classification		Percentage of Total Investments (at fair value) as of December 31, 2016
Health Care Providers & Services			16.8	%
Communications Equipment			12.0	%
Asset Management			11.7	%
Diversified Financial Services			11.1	%
Professional Services			8.5	%
Insurance			8.4	%
Software			4.7	%
Health Care Equipment & Supplies			3.3	%
Food Products			3.1	%
Air Freight & Logistics			3.0	%
Health Care Technology			2.8	%
Chemicals			2.6	%
Internet Software & Services			2.2	%
Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure			1.7	%
Footwear			1.6	%
Wireless Telecommunications Services			1.4	%
IT Services			1.4	%
Commercial Services & Supplies			1.3	%
Health Care Facilities			1.2	%
Textile, Apparel & Luxury Goods			0.6	%
Aerospace & Defense			0.5	%
Specialty Retail			0.1	%
Total Investments			100.0	%

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS

December 31, 2015

(in thousands, except share/unit amounts)

 

Description		Industry		Spread above Index(3)				Libor Floor				Interest   Rate(1)				Acquisition   Date				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value
Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans—128.1%
Acrisure, LLC(2)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			5/14/2015				5/19/2022			$	4,975			$	4,929			$	4,782
Advantage Sales and Marketing, Inc		Professional Services			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			2/14/2013				7/25/2022				8,000				7,948				7,217
Aegis Toxicology Sciences Corporation		Health Care Services			L+850				1.00	%			9.50	%			2/20/2014				8/24/2021				4,000				3,951				3,600
ALG B.V. (Apple Leisure)(2)(4)		Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure			L+575				1.25	%			7.00	%			2/28/2013				2/28/2019				2,708				2,692				2,681
ALG USA Holdings, LLC (Apple Leisure)(2)		Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure			L+575				1.25	%			7.00	%			2/28/2013				2/28/2019				3,589				3,568				3,553
American Seafoods Group LLC(2)		Food Products			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			8/10/2015				8/19/2021				4,988				4,964				4,888
Aperture Group, LLC (Trade Monster)(2)		Capital Markets			L+625				1.00	%			7.25	%			9/2/2014				8/29/2019				3,950				3,935				3,911
Asurion, LLC		Insurance			L+750				1.00	%			8.50	%			2/27/2014				3/3/2021				3,300				3,206				2,840
Athletico Management, LLC and Accelerated Holdings, LLC(2)		Health Care Facilities			L+550				0.75	%			6.25	%			12/1/2014				12/2/2020				9,448				9,368				9,306
Blue Ribbon, LLC (Pabst)(2)		Beverages			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			11/5/2014				11/13/2021				1,367				1,356				1,367
Capstone Logistics Acqusition, Inc.(2)		Professional Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			10/3/2014				10/7/2021				8,394				8,322				8,331
Castle Management Borrower LLC (Highgate Hotels)(2)		Real Estate Management & Development			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			10/10/2014				9/18/2020				7,900				7,835				7,624
CGSC of Delaware Holdings Corp. (Cooper Gay)		Insurance			L+700				1.25	%			8.25	%			4/5/2013				10/16/2020				4,000				3,962				3,600
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.(2)		Insurance			L+450				1.25	%			5.75	%			11/9/2012				11/9/2018				10,255				10,196				10,127
ConvergeOne Holdings Corp.(2)		Communications Equipment			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			6/16/2014				6/17/2020				6,895				6,841				6,809
CT Technologies Intermediate Holdings(2)		Health Care Technology			L+425				1.00	%			5.25	%			12/1/2014				12/1/2021				7,438				7,383				7,205
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC(6)		Aerospace & Defense			L+600				2.00	%			8.00	%			11/5/2013				5/4/2018				106				106				106
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC(6)		Aerospace & Defense			L+600				2.00	%			8.00	%			11/5/2013				11/5/2018				2,343				2,343				2,249
Epic Health Services, Inc.(2)		Health Care Services			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			2/20/2015				2/17/2021				4,818				4,783				4,721
Filtration Group Corp.		Industrial Conglomerates			L+725				1.00	%			8.25	%			11/15/2013				11/21/2021				524				519				511
Global Tel*Link Corporation		Communications Equipment			L+375				1.25	%			5.00	%			11/6/2015				5/23/2020				1,089				850				801
Global Tel*Link Corporation		Communications Equipment			L+775				1.25	%			9.00	%			5/21/2013				11/23/2020				3,000				2,956				2,115
HC Group Holdings III, Inc. (Walgreens)(2)		Health Care Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			3/25/2015				4/7/2022				4,988				4,964				4,969
Hostway Corporation(2)		Internet Software & Services			L+475				1.25	%			6.00	%			6/27/2014				12/13/2019				9,276				9,244				8,720
Innovative Xcessories & Services, LLC(2)		Automotive Retail			L+425				1.00	%			5.25	%			8/21/2014				2/21/2020				4,625				4,589				4,556
Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, LLC (KBS)(2)		Commercial Services & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			10/31/2014				10/29/2021				4,950				4,907				4,727
Landslide Holdings, Inc		Software			L+725				1.00	%			8.25	%			2/25/2014				2/25/2021				3,310				3,306				3,111
LegalZoom.com, Inc.(2)		Internet Software & Services			L+700				1.00	%			8.00	%			5/13/2015				5/13/2020				9,925				9,725				9,677
Material Handling Services, LLC (TFS) (2)		Air Freight & Logistics			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			3/3/2014				3/26/2020				11,416				11,329				11,244
Metamorph US 3, LLC (Metalogix)(2)		Software			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			12/1/2014				12/1/2020				9,750				9,543				8,970
MYI Acquiror Corp. (McLarens Young)(2)		Insurance			L+450				1.25	%			5.75	%			5/21/2014				5/28/2019				3,456				3,432				3,387
MYI Acquiror Ltd. (McLarens Young)(2)(4)		Insurance			L+450				1.25	%			5.75	%			5/21/2014				5/28/2019				4,338				4,307				4,251
Pearl Merger Sub LLC (PetVet) (2)		Health Care Facilities			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			1/29/2015				12/17/2020				4,455				4,378				4,366
PSP Group, LLC (Pet Supplies Plus)(2)(7)		Specialty Retail			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			4/2/2015				4/6/2021				496				492				486
QBS Holding Company, Inc. (Quorum)(2)		Software			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			8/1/2014				8/7/2021				6,435				6,381				6,242
RCPSI Corporation (Pet Supermarket)(2)		Specialty Retail			L+575				1.00	%			6.75	%			4/22/2015				4/16/2021				9,453				9,367				9,263
Richelieu Foods, Inc.(2)		Food Products			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			11/21/2014				5/21/2020				6,720				6,637				6,552
Salient Partners, L.P.(2)		Asset Management			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			6/10/2015				6/9/2021				4,433				4,350				4,277
Securus Technologies, Inc		Communications Equipment			L+775				1.25	%			9.00	%			4/17/2013				4/30/2021				10,000				9,934				5,660
SHO Holding I Corporation (Shoes for Crews)(2)		Footwear			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			11/20/2015				10/27/2022				6,000				5,941				5,940
Skinnypop Popcorn, LLC(2)		Food Products			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			7/17/2014				7/17/2019				4,752				4,717				4,705
Stratose Intermediate Holdings II, LLC(2)		Health Care Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			6/2/2015				6/30/2021				6,965				6,900				6,965
The Edelman Financial Center, LLC(2)		Diversified Financial Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			12/16/2015				12/18/2022				5,000				4,900				4,900
Trident USA Health Services(2)		Health Care Services			L+525				1.25	%			6.50	%			7/29/2013				7/31/2019				8,893				8,839				8,537
TwentyEighty, Inc. (fka Miller Heiman)(2)		Professional Services			L+575				1.00	%			6.75	%			9/30/2013				9/30/2019				7,131				7,081				6,454
Varsity Brands Holdings Co., Inc.(2)		Diversified Consumer Services			L+400				1.00	%			5.00	%			12/10/2014				12/11/2021				4,941				4,902				4,904
Total Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans																												$	252,178			$	241,207
Unsecured Notes—1.9%
Apollo Investment Corporation(4)		Diversified Financial Services			—				—				5.75	%			11/10/2011				1/15/2016			$	3,650			$	3,644			$	3,650
Common Equity/Equity Interests—32.8%																								Shares/Units
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC(6)(8)†		Aerospace & Defense															11/5/2013								133,668			$	1,367			$	68
First Lien Loan Program LLC(4)(5)		Asset Management															2/13/2015								—				29,584				27,593
Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC(4)(5)(9)		Diversified Financial Services															9/30/2013								32,839				32,839				34,000
Total Common Equity/Equity Interests																												$	63,790			$	61,661
Total Investments(10)—162.8%																												$	319,612			$	306,518
Cash Equivalents—26.5%																								Par Amount
U.S. Treasury Bill		Government															12/28/2015				1/21/2016				50,000			$	49,997			$	49,997
Total Investments & Cash Equivalents —189.3%																												$	369,609			$	356,515
Liabilities in Excess of Other Assets—(89.3%)																													(168,211)
Net Assets—100.0%																													$188,304

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

 

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2015

(in thousands)

 

(1)

Floating rate debt investments typically bear interest at a rate determined by reference to either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”) index rate or the prime index rate (PRIME or “P”), and which typically reset monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. For each debt investment we have provided the current interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2015.

(2)

Indicates an investment that is wholly held by Solar Senior Capital Ltd. through its wholly-owned financing subsidiary SUNS SPV LLC. Such investments are pledged as collateral under the Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility (see Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements) and are not generally available to creditors, if any, of Solar Senior Capital Ltd.

(3)	Floating rate instruments accrue interest at a predetermined spread relative to an index, typically the LIBOR or PRIME rate. These instruments are typically subject to a LIBOR or PRIME rate floor.

(4)

Indicates assets that the Company believes may not represent “qualifying assets” under Section 55(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“1940 Act”), as amended. If we fail to invest a sufficient portion of our assets in qualifying assets, we could be prevented from making follow-on investments in existing portfolio companies or could be required to dispose of investments at inappropriate times in order to comply with the 1940 Act. As of December 31, 2015, on a fair value basis, non-qualifying assets in the portfolio represented 19.9% of the total assets of the Company.

(5)

Denotes investments in which we are deemed to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of a company, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to beneficially owning, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 25% of the outstanding voting securities of the investment. Transactions during the year ended December 31, 2015 in these controlled investments are as follows:

 

Name of Issuer		Fair Value at December 31, 2014				Gross Additions				Gross Reductions				Realized Gain (Loss)				Dividend/ Other Income				Fair Value at December 31, 2015
First Lien Loan Program LLC		$	—			$	29,584			$	—			$	—			$	1,794			$	27,593
Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC			34,421				—				—				—				3,510				34,000
		$	34,421			$	29,584			$	—			$	—			$	5,304			$	61,593

 

(6)

Denotes investments in which we are an “Affiliated Person” but not exercising a controlling influence, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to beneficially owning, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 5% but less than 25% of the outstanding voting securities of the investment. Transactions during the year ended December 31, 2015 in these affiliated investments are as follows:

 

Name of Issuer		Fair Value at December 31, 2014				Gross Additions				Gross Reductions				Realized Gain (Loss)				Interest Income				Fair Value at December 31, 2015
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (1st lien)		$	324			$	—			$	218			$	—			$	24			$	106
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (2nd lien)			2,343				—				—				—				190				2,249
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC (equity interests)			956				—				—				—				—				68
		$	3,623			$	—			$	218			$	—			$	214			$	2,423

 

(7)	PSP Group, LLC, PSP Service Newco, Inc., PSP Subco, LLC, PSP Stores, LLC, and PSP Distribution, LLC are co-borrowers.

(8)	Our equity investment in Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC is held through ESP SSC Corp., a taxable subsidiary.

(9)	Investment represents the operating company after consolidation of the holding company Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare LLC.

(10)	Aggregate net unrealized depreciation for federal income tax purposes is $15,316; aggregate gross unrealized appreciation and depreciation for federal tax purposes is $1,172 and $16,488, respectively, based on a tax cost of $321,834.

†	Non-income producing security.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2015

Industry Classification		Percentage of Total Investments (at fair value) as of December 31, 2015
Diversified Financial Services			13.9	%
Asset Management			10.4	%
Insurance			9.5	%
Health Care Services			9.3	%
Professional Services			7.2	%
Internet Software & Services			6.0	%
Software			6.0	%
Food Products			5.3	%
Communications Equipment			5.0	%
Health Care Facilities			4.5	%
Air Freight & Logistics			3.7	%
Specialty Retail			3.2	%
Real Estate Management & Development			2.5	%
Health Care Technology			2.3	%
Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure			2.0	%
Footwear			1.9	%
Diversified Consumer Services			1.6	%
Commercial Services & Supplies			1.5	%
Automotive Retail			1.5	%
Capital Markets			1.3	%
Aerospace & Defense			0.8	%
Beverages			0.4	%
Industrial Conglomerates			0.2	%
Total Investments			100.0	%

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

Note 1. Organization

Solar Senior Capital Ltd. (“Solar Senior”, the “Company”, “SUNS”, “we”, “us”, or “our”), a Maryland corporation formed on December 16, 2010, is a closed-end, externally managed, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”). Furthermore, as the Company is an investment company, it continues to apply the guidance in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 946. In addition, for tax purposes, we have elected to be treated as a regulated investment company (“RIC”), under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“the Code”).

On January 28, 2011, Solar Senior was capitalized with initial equity of $2 and commenced operations. On February 24, 2011, Solar Senior priced its initial public offering, selling 9.0 million shares, including the underwriters’ over-allotment, raising approximately $168,000 of net proceeds. Concurrent with this offering, our senior management team purchased an additional 500,000 shares through a private placement, raising another $10,000.

The Company’s investment objective is to seek to maximize current income consistent with the preservation of capital. We seek to achieve our investment objective by investing directly or indirectly in senior secured loans, including first lien and second lien debt instruments, made primarily to leveraged private middle-market companies whose debt is rated below investment grade, which the Company refers to collectively as “senior loans.” From time to time, we may also invest in public companies that are thinly traded. Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the value of the Company’s net assets (including the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) will be invested in senior loans.

Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments and reclassifications which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for the fair presentation of the results of the operations and financial condition for the periods presented. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Certain prior period amounts may have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-K and Regulation S-X, as appropriate, also requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reported periods. Changes in the economic environment, financial markets and any other parameters used in determining these estimates could cause actual results to differ materially.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments which are of a normal recurring nature considered necessary for the fair presentation of financial statements, have been included.

The significant accounting policies consistently followed by the Company are:

 

(a)

Investment transactions are accounted for on the trade date;

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

(b)

The Company conducts the valuation of its assets in accordance with GAAP and the 1940 Act. The Company generally values its assets on a quarterly basis, or more frequently if required. Investments for which market quotations are readily available on an exchange are valued at the closing price on the date of valuation. The Company may also obtain quotes with respect to certain of its investments from pricing services or brokers or dealers in order to value assets. When doing so, management determines whether the quote obtained is sufficient according to GAAP to determine the fair value of the investment. If determined adequate, the Company uses the quote obtained. Debt investments with maturities of 60 days or less shall each be valued at cost plus accreted discount, or minus amortized premium, which is expected to approximate fair value, unless such valuation, in the judgment of Solar Capital Partners, LLC (the “Investment Adviser”), does not represent fair value, in which case such investments shall be valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”).

Investments for which reliable market quotations are not readily available or for which the pricing sources do not provide a valuation or methodology or provide a valuation or methodology that, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser or the Board does not represent fair value, shall be valued as follows: (i) each portfolio company or investment is initially valued by the investment professionals responsible for the portfolio investment; (ii) preliminary valuations are discussed with senior management of the Investment Adviser; (iii) independent valuation firms engaged by, or on behalf of, the Board will conduct independent appraisals and review the Investment Adviser’s preliminary valuations and make their own independent assessment for (a) each portfolio investment that, when taken together with all other investments in the same portfolio company, exceeds 10% of estimated total assets, plus available borrowings, as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter, and (b) each portfolio investment that is presently in payment default; (iv) the Board will discuss the valuations and determine the fair value of each investment in our portfolio in good faith based on the input of the Investment Adviser and, where appropriate, the respective independent valuation firm.

The recommendation of fair value generally considers the following factors among others, as relevant: applicable market yields; the nature and realizable value of any collateral; the portfolio company’s ability to make payments; the portfolio company’s earnings and discounted cash flow; the markets in which the issuer does business; and comparisons to publicly traded securities, among others.

When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Company will consider the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate the valuation. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.

Investments are valued utilizing a market approach, an income approach, or both approaches, as appropriate. However, in accordance with ASC 820-10, certain investments that qualify as investment companies in accordance with ASC 946, may be valued using net asset value as a practical expedient for fair value. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities (including a business). The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts (for example, cash flows or earnings) to a single present amount (discounted). The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. In following these approaches, the types of factors

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

that we may take into account in fair value pricing our investments include, as relevant: available current market data, including relevant and applicable market trading and transaction comparables, applicable market yields and multiples, security covenants, call protection provisions, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments, its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparisons of financial ratios of peer companies that are public, M&A comparables, and enterprise values, among other factors. When available, broker quotations and/or quotations provided by pricing services are considered as an input in the valuation process. Escrow receivables, if any, included in the receivables for investments sold in the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities are reviewed quarterly and the value of the receivable is adjusted as necessary. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, there has been no change to the Company’s valuation techniques and the nature of the related inputs considered in the valuation process.

ASC Topic 820 classifies the inputs used to measure these fair values into the following hierarchy:

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, accessible by the Company at the measurement date.

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other observable inputs other than quoted prices.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

In all cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to each investment. The exercise of judgment is based in part on our knowledge of the asset class and our prior experience.

 

(c)

Gains or losses on investments are calculated by using the specific identification method.

 

(d)

The Company records dividend income and interest, adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount, on an accrual basis. Loan origination fees, original issue discount, and market discounts are capitalized and we amortize such amounts into income using the effective interest method or on a straight-line basis, as applicable. Upon the prepayment of a loan, any unamortized loan origination fees are recorded as interest income. We record call premiums on loans repaid as interest income when we receive such amounts. Capital structuring fees, amendment fees, consent fees, and any other non-recurring fee income as well as management fee and other fee income for services rendered, if any, are recorded as other income when earned.

 

(e)

The Company intends to comply with the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code pertaining to regulated investment companies to make distributions of taxable income sufficient to relieve it of substantially all U.S. federal income taxes. The Company, at its discretion, may carry forward taxable income in excess of calendar year distributions and pay a 4% excise tax on this income. The Company will accrue excise tax on such estimated excess taxable income as appropriate.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

(f)

Book and tax basis differences relating to stockholder distributions and other permanent book and tax differences are typically reclassified among the Company’s capital accounts. In addition, the character of income and gains to be distributed is determined in accordance with income tax regulations that may differ from GAAP; accordingly at December 31, 2016, $1,169 was reclassified on our balance sheet between accumulated net realized loss and paid-in capital in excess of par and $157 was reclassified on our balance sheet between distributions in excess of net investment income and accumulated net realized loss. Total earnings and net asset value are not affected.

 

(g)

Distributions to common stockholders are recorded as of the record date. The amount to be paid out as a distribution is determined by the Board. Net realized capital gains, if any, are generally distributed or deemed distributed at least annually.

 

(h)

In accordance with Regulation S-X and ASC Topic 810—Consolidation, the Company consolidates its interest in investment company subsidiaries, financing subsidiaries and certain wholly-owned holding companies that serve to facilitate investment in portfolio companies. In addition, the Company may also consolidate any controlled operating companies substantially all of whose business consists of providing services to the Company.

 

(i)

The accounting records of the Company are maintained in U.S. dollars. Any assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars based on the rate of exchange of such currencies against the U.S. dollar on the date of valuation. The Company will not isolate that portion of the results of operations resulting from changes in foreign exchange rates on investments from the fluctuations arising from changes in market prices of securities held. Such fluctuations would be included with the net unrealized gain or loss from investments. The Company’s investments in foreign securities, if any, may involve certain risks, including without limitation: foreign exchange restrictions, expropriation, taxation or other political, social or economic risks, all of which could affect the market and/or credit risk of the investment. In addition, changes in the relationship of foreign currencies to the U.S. dollar can significantly affect the value of these investments in terms of U.S. dollars and therefore the earnings of the Company.

 

(j)

The Company has made an irrevocable election to apply the fair value option of accounting to its senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”), in accordance with ASC 825-10. The Company uses an independent third-party valuation firm to assist in measuring its fair value.

 

(k)

In accordance with ASC 835-30, the Company records origination and other expenses related to certain debt issuances, if any, as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt liability. These expenses are deferred and amortized using either the effective interest method or the straight-line method over the stated life. The straight-line method may be used on revolving facilities and when it approximates the effective yield method.

 

(l)

The Company records expenses related to shelf registration statements and applicable equity offering costs as prepaid assets. These expenses are typically charged as a reduction of capital upon utilization, in accordance with ASC 946-20-25. Certain subsequent costs are expensed per the AICPA Audit & Accounting Guide for Investment Companies.

 

(m)

Investments that are expected to pay regularly scheduled interest in cash are generally placed on non-accrual status when principal or interest cash payments are past due 30 days or more and/or when

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

it is no longer probable that principal or interest cash payments will be collected. Such non-accrual investments are restored to accrual status if past due principal and interest are paid in cash, and in management’s judgment, are likely to continue timely payment of their remaining principal and interest obligations. Cash interest payments received on such investments may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending on management’s judgment.

 

(n)

The Company defines cash equivalents as securities that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Generally, only securities with a maturity of three months or less would qualify, with limited exceptions. The Company believes that certain U.S. Treasury bills, repurchase agreements and other high-quality, short-term debt securities would qualify as cash equivalents.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-02, Consolidation (Topic 810)–Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis. The update changes the analysis that a reporting entity must perform to determine whether it should consolidate certain types of legal entities. Public companies are required to apply ASU 2015-02 for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Accordingly, the Company has evaluated the impact of ASU 2015-02 on its consolidated financial statements and determined that the adoption of ASU 2015-02 has not had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Interest–Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30)—Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. The update requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. Public companies are required to apply ASU 2015-03 retrospectively for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Accordingly, the Company has evaluated the impact of ASU 2015-03 on its consolidated financial statements and determined that the adoption of ASU 2015-03 has not had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In May 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-07, Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent). The update eliminates the requirement to categorize investments in the fair value hierarchy if their fair value is measured at net asset value (NAV) per share (or its equivalent) using the practical expedient in the FASB’s fair value measurement guidance. Public companies are required to apply ASU 2015-07 retrospectively for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Accordingly, the Company has evaluated the impact of ASU 2015-07 on its consolidated financial statements and determined that the adoption of ASU 2015-07 has not had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows, which will amend FASB ASC 230. The amendments in this Update require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this Update apply to all entities that have restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

and are required to present a statement of cash flows under Topic 230. For public business entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-18 on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-19, Technical Corrections and Improvements. As part of this guidance, ASU 2016-19 amends FASB ASC 820 to clarify the difference between a valuation approach and a valuation technique. The amendment also requires an entity to disclose when there has been a change in either or both a valuation approach and/or a valuation technique. ASU 2016-19 is effective on a prospective basis for financial statements issued for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016 on a prospective basis. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-19 on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Note 3. Agreements

Solar Senior has an Advisory Agreement with the Investment Adviser, under which the Investment Adviser manages the day-to-day operations of, and provides investment advisory services to, Solar Senior. For providing these services, the Investment Adviser receives a fee from Solar Senior, consisting of two components—a base management fee and an incentive fee. The base management fee is calculated at an annual rate of 1.00% of gross assets. For services rendered under the Advisory Agreement, the base management fee is payable quarterly in arrears. The base management fee is calculated based on the average value of our gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters. Base management fees for any partial month or quarter will be appropriately pro-rated. For purposes of computing the base management fee, gross assets exclude temporary assets acquired at the end of each fiscal quarter for purposes of preserving investment flexibility in the next fiscal quarter. Temporary assets include, but are not limited to, U.S. treasury bills, other short-term U.S. government or government agency securities, repurchase agreements or cash borrowings.

The incentive fee has two parts, as follows: one is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based on our pre-incentive fee net investment income for the immediately preceding calendar quarter. For this purpose, pre-incentive fee net investment income means interest income, dividend income and any other income (other than fees for providing managerial assistance) accrued during the calendar quarter, minus our operating expenses for the quarter (excluding the incentive fee). Pre-incentive fee net investment income includes, in the case of investments, if any, with a deferred interest feature (such as original issue discount, debt instruments with pay-in-kind interest and zero-coupon securities), accrued income that we have not yet received in cash. Pre-incentive fee net investment income does not include any realized capital gains or losses or unrealized capital appreciation or depreciation. Pre-incentive fee net investment income, expressed as a rate of return on the value of our net assets at the end of the immediately preceding calendar quarter, is compared to a hurdle of 1.75% per quarter (7.00% annualized). The Company pays the Investment Adviser an incentive fee with respect to pre-incentive fee net investment income for each calendar quarter as follows:

 

•

no incentive fee in any calendar quarter in which our pre-incentive fee net investment income does not exceed the hurdle of 1.75%;

 

•

50% of pre-incentive fee net investment income with respect to that portion of such pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds the hurdle but is less than 2.9167% in any calendar quarter (11.67% annualized);

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

  and

 

•

20% of the amount of pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds 2.9167% in any calendar quarter (11.67% annualized) will be payable to the Investment Adviser.

The second part of the incentive fee is determined and payable in arrears as of the end of each calendar year (or upon termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement, as of the termination date) and will equal 20% of the Company’s cumulative realized capital gains less cumulative realized capital losses, unrealized capital depreciation (unrealized depreciation on a gross investment-by-investment basis at the end of each calendar year) and all net capital gains upon which prior performance-based capital gains incentive fee payments were previously made to the Investment Adviser. For financial statement purposes, the second part of the incentive fee is accrued based upon 20% of cumulative net realized gains and net unrealized capital appreciation. No accrual was required for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014.

For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company recognized $3,385, $3,458 and $2,875, respectively, in gross base management fees and $1,560, $740 and $440, respectively, in gross performance-based incentive fees. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, $797, $0 and $0, respectively, of such base management fees were waived. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, $1,205, $740 and $227, respectively, of such performance-based incentive fees were waived. For the quarterly periods ended September 30, 2016 to June 30, 2017 (the “Waiver Period”), the Investment Adviser has agreed to voluntarily waive a portion or all of the incentive fees, and to the extent necessary a portion or all of the base management fees, that the Investment Adviser would otherwise be entitled to receive pursuant to our investment advisory and management agreement with the Investment Adviser to the extent required in order for the Company to earn net investment income (exclusive of costs related to the expansion, extension and/or amendments of our credit facilities), as determined in accordance with GAAP, sufficient to maintain the Company’s current level of distributions. A portion or all of the voluntary fee waivers made during the Waiver Period are made at the Investment Adviser’s discretion and are subject to recapture by the Investment Adviser and reimbursement by the Company through June 30, 2018 to the extent GAAP net investment income equals or exceeds the current level of distributions. The amount to be waived or recaptured will be determined after the end of each quarter during the Waiver Period, with such amounts being accrued on a quarterly basis. The voluntary fee waiver for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 was made at the Investment Adviser’s discretion and was subject to recapture by the Investment Adviser and reimbursement by the Company if net investment income during and/or for fiscal 2016 equaled or exceeded distributions declared in fiscal 2016. For fiscal 2016, there were no fees recaptured by the Investment Adviser. The voluntary fee waiver for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 was made at the Investment Adviser’s discretion and was not subject to recapture by the Investment Adviser or reimbursement by the Company.

Solar Senior has also entered into an Administration Agreement with Solar Capital Management, LLC (the “Administrator”) under which the Administrator provides administrative services for Solar Senior. For providing these services, facilities and personnel, Solar Senior reimburses the Administrator for Solar Senior’s allocable portion of overhead and other expenses incurred by the Administrator in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including rent. The Administrator will also provide, on Solar Senior’s behalf, managerial assistance to those portfolio companies to which Solar Senior is required to provide such assistance.

For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company recognized expenses under the Administration Agreement of $1,245, $1,130 and $1,069, respectively. No managerial assistance fees were accrued or collected for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

Note 4. Net Asset Value Per Share

At December 31, 2016, the Company’s total net assets and net asset value per share were $269,145 and $16.80, respectively. This compares to total net assets and net asset value per share at December 31, 2015 of $188,304 and $16.33, respectively.

Note 5. Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net increase in net assets per share resulting from operations, pursuant to ASC 260-10, for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014:

 

		Year ended December 31, 2016				Year ended December 31, 2015				Year ended December 31, 2014
Earnings per share (basic & diluted)
Numerator—net increase in net assets resulting from operations:		$	24,252			$	1,047			$	11,690
Denominator—weighted average shares:			12,869,937				11,533,315				11,532,985
Earnings per share:		$	1.88			$	0.09			$	1.01

Note 6. Fair Value

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP establishes a framework for measuring fair value that includes a hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1. Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that the Company has the ability to access.

Level 2. Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or model inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 2 inputs include the following:

 

a)

Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;

 

b)

Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in non-active markets;

 

c)

Pricing models whose inputs are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and

 

d)

Pricing models whose inputs are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data through correlation or other means for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3. Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s and, if applicable, an independent third-party valuation firm’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

When the inputs used to measure fair value fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the level within which the fair value measurement is categorized is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. For example, a Level 3 fair value measurement may include inputs that are observable (Levels 1 and 2) and unobservable (Level 3).

Gains and losses for assets and liabilities categorized within the Level 3 table below may include changes in fair value that are attributable to both observable inputs (Levels 1 and 2) and unobservable inputs (Level 3).

A review of fair value hierarchy classifications is conducted on a quarterly basis. Changes in the observability of valuation inputs may result in a reclassification for certain financial assets or liabilities. Such reclassifications are reported as transfers in/out of the appropriate category as of the end of the quarter in which the reclassifications occur.

The following tables present the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Fair Value Measurements

As of December 31, 2016

 

		Level 1				Level 2				Level 3				Measured at Net Asset Value*				Total
Assets:
Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans		$	—			$	40,888			$	250,268			$	—			$	291,156
Common Equity/Equity Interests			—				—				35,568				38,810				74,378
Total Investments		$	—			$	40,888			$	285,836			$	38,810			$	365,534
Liabilities:
Credit Facility		$	—			$	—			$	98,300			$	—			$	98,300

 

*

In accordance with ASC 820-10, certain investments that are measured using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient for fair value have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

Fair Value Measurements

As of December 31, 2015

 

		Level 1				Level 2				Level 3				Measured at Net Asset Value*				Total
Assets:
Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans		$	—			$	42,371			$	198,836			$	—			$	241,207
Unsecured Notes			—				—				3,650				—				3,650
Common Equity/Equity Interests			—				—				34,068				27,593				61,661
Total Investments		$	—			$	42,371			$	236,554			$	27,593			$	306,518
Liabilities:
Credit Facility		$	—			$	—			$	116,200			$	—			$	116,200

 

*

In accordance with ASC 820-10, certain investments that are measured using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient for fair value have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

The following table provides a summary of the changes in fair value of Level 3 assets and liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2016, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at December 31, 2016:

Fair Value Measurements Using Level 3 Inputs

 

		Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans				Unsecured Notes				Common Equity/Equity Interests
Fair value, December 31, 2015		$	198,836			$	3,650			$	34,068
Total gains or losses included in earnings:
Net realized gain (loss)			6				—				—
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)			(1,812	)			(6	)			1,500
Purchase of investment securities			136,331				—				—
Proceeds from dispositions of investment securities			(83,093	)			(3,644	)			—
Transfers in/out of Level 3			—				—				—
Fair value, December 31, 2016		$	250,268			$	—			$	35,568
Unrealized gains (losses) for the period relating to those Level 3 assets that were still held by the Company at the end of the period:
Net change in unrealized gain (loss):		$	(2,857	)		$	—			$	1,500

During the year ended December 31, 2016, there were no transfers in and out of Levels 1 and 2.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

The following table shows a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for fair valued liabilities measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the year ended December 31, 2016:

 

Beginning fair value at December 31, 2015		$	116,200
Borrowings			136,800
Repayments			(154,700	)
Transfers in/out of Level 3			—
Ending fair value at December 31, 2016		$	98,300

The Company has made an irrevocable election to apply the fair value option of accounting to the Credit Facility, in accordance with ASC 825-10. On December 31, 2016, there were borrowings of $98,300 on the Credit Facility. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Credit Facility had no net change in unrealized (appreciation) depreciation. The Company used an independent third-party valuation firm to assist in measuring the fair value of the Credit Facility.

The following table provides a summary of the changes in fair value of Level 3 assets and liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2015, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at December 31, 2015:

Fair Value Measurements Using Level 3 Inputs

 

		Bank Debt/Senior Secured Loans				Unsecured Notes				Common Equity/Equity Interests
Fair value, December 31, 2014		$	251,823			$	—			$	35,377
Total gains or losses included in earnings:
Net realized gain (loss)			39				—				—
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)			(4,272	)			—				(1,309	)
Purchase of investment securities			70,682				—				—
Proceeds from dispositions of investment securities			(114,486	)			—				—
Transfers in/out of Level 3			(4,950	)			3,650				—
Fair value, December 31, 2015		$	198,836			$	3,650			$	34,068
Unrealized gains (losses) for the period relating to those Level 3 assets that were still held by the Company at the end of the period:
Net change in unrealized gain (loss):		$	(4,400	)		$	(228	)		$	(1,309	)

During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, our investment in CT Technologies Intermediate Holdings was transferred from Level 3 to Level 2. The transfer was a result of changes in the quantity and quality of information used as valuation inputs by the Investment Adviser. Our investment in Apollo Investment Corporation was transferred from Level 2 to Level 3 during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 as the quote was deemed to be not representative of fair value given the impending maturity. There were no other transfers between levels.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

The following table shows a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for fair valued liabilities measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the year ended December 31, 2015:

 

Beginning fair value at December 31, 2014		$	143,200
Borrowings			47,700
Repayments			(74,700	)
Transfers in/out of Level 3			—
Ending fair value at December 31, 2015		$	116,200

The Company has made an irrevocable election to apply the fair value option of accounting to the Credit Facility, in accordance with ASC 825-10. On December 31, 2015, there were borrowings of $116,200 on the Credit Facility. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Credit Facility had no net change in unrealized (appreciation) depreciation. The Company used an independent third-party valuation firm to assist in measuring the fair value of the Credit Facility.

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The Company typically determines the fair value of its performing debt investments utilizing a yield analysis. In a yield analysis, a price is ascribed for each investment based upon an assessment of current and expected market yields for similar investments and risk profiles. Additional consideration is given to current contractual interest rates, relative maturities and other key terms and risks associated with an investment. Among other factors, a significant determinant of risk is the amount of leverage used by the portfolio company relative to the total enterprise value of the company, and the rights and remedies of our investment within each portfolio company.

Significant unobservable quantitative inputs typically used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s Level 3 assets and liabilities primarily reflect current market yields, including indices, and readily available quotes from brokers, dealers, and pricing services as indicated by comparable assets and liabilities, as well as enterprise values, returns on equity and earnings before income taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) multiples of similar companies, and comparable market transactions for equity securities.

Quantitative information about the Company’s Level 3 asset and liability fair value measurements as of December 31, 2016 is summarized in the table below:

 

Asset or Liability

Fair Value at December 31, 2016

Principal Valuation Technique/Methodology

Unobservable Input

Range (Weighted Average)

Bank Debt / Senior Secured Loans

Asset

$

250,268

Yield Analysis

Market Yield

5.7% – 37.3% (8.0%)

Common Equity/Equity Interests

Asset

$ $

68 35,500

Enterprise Value Enterprise Value

EBITDA Multiple Return on Equity

9.3x –27.0x (27.0x) 3.0% – 21.7% (15.0%)

Credit Facility

Liability

$

98,300

Yield Analysis

Market Yield

L+1.4% – L+4.8% (L+2.0%)

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

Significant increases or decreases in any of the above unobservable inputs in isolation, including unobservable inputs used in deriving bid-ask spreads, if applicable, would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement for such assets and liabilities.

Quantitative information about the Company’s Level 3 asset and liability fair value measurements as of December 31, 2015 is summarized in the table below:

 

Asset or Liability

Fair Value at December 31, 2015

Principal Valuation Technique/Methodology

Unobservable Input

Range (Weighted Average)

Bank Debt / Senior Secured Loans / Unsecured Notes

Asset

$

202,486

Yield Analysis

Market Yield

5.6% – 12.0% (7.2%)

Common Equity/Equity Interests

Asset

$ $

68 34,000

Enterprise Value Enterprise Value

EBITDA Multiple Return on Equity

9.1x – 16.9x (16.9x) 7.0% –13.3% (13.3%)

Credit Facility

Liability

$

116,200

Yield Analysis

Market Yield

L+0.5% – L+4.8% (L+2.0%)

Significant increases or decreases in any of the above unobservable inputs in isolation, including unobservable inputs used in deriving bid-ask spreads, if applicable, would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement for such assets and liabilities.

Note 7. Debt

Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility—On August 26, 2011, the Company established the SPV which entered into the Credit Facility with Citigroup Global Markets Inc. acting as administrative agent. The Credit Facility, as amended, currently has an aggregate of $175,000 of commitments available. It can also be expanded up to $600,000. The stated interest rate on the Credit Facility is LIBOR plus 2.00% with no LIBOR floor requirement and the current final maturity date is June 30, 2020. The Credit Facility is secured by all of the assets held by the SPV. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, Solar Senior Capital and the SPV, as applicable, have made certain customary representations and warranties, and are required to comply with various covenants, including leverage restrictions, reporting requirements and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. The Credit Facility also includes usual and customary events of default for credit facilities of this nature. The Credit Facility was amended on November 7, 2012, June 30, 2014 and May 29, 2015 to add extend maturities and add greater investment flexibility, among other changes.

The Company has made an irrevocable election to apply the fair value option of accounting to the Credit Facility, in accordance with ASC 825-10. We believe accounting for the Credit Facility at fair value better aligns the measurement methodologies of assets and liabilities, which may mitigate certain earnings volatility. ASC 825-10 requires entities to display the fair value of the selected assets and liabilities on the face of the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities and changes in fair value of the Credit Facility are reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The average annualized interest cost for all borrowings for the year ended December 31, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015 was 2.59% and 2.25%, respectively. These costs are exclusive of other credit facility

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

expenses such as unused fees and fees paid to the back-up servicer, if any. During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company expensed $0 and $829, respectively, in conjunction with amendments to the Credit Facility. The maximum amount borrowed on the Credit Facility during the year ended December 31, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015, was $141,600 and $148,600, respectively.

Note 8. Financial Highlights and Senior Securities Table

The following is a schedule of financial highlights for the respective years:

 

		Year ended December 31, 2016				Year ended December 31, 2015				Year ended December 31, 2014				Year ended December 31, 2013				Year ended December 31, 2012
Per Share Data:(a)
Net asset value, beginning of year		$	16.33			$	17.65			$	18.04			$	18.33			$	18.15
Net investment income			1.42				1.33				1.20				1.17				1.31
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)			0.50				(1.24	)			(0.18	)			(0.07	)			0.15
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations			1.92				0.09				1.02				1.10				1.46
Distributions to stockholders (see note 9a):
From net investment income			(1.42	)			(1.41	)			(1.29	)			(1.20	)			(1.24	)
From net realized gains			—				—				—				—				(0.05	)
From other sources			—				—				(0.12	)**			(0.22	)**			—
Anti-dilution			—				—				—				0.05				—
Offering costs and other			(0.03	)			—				—				(0.02	)			0.01
Net asset value, end of year		$	16.80			$	16.33			$	17.65			$	18.04			$	18.33
Per share market value, end of year		$	16.44			$	14.90			$	14.97			$	18.22			$	18.66
Total Return(b)			20.70	%			8.90	%			(10.47	%)			5.39	%			27.65	%
Net assets, end of year		$	269,145			$	188,304			$	203,519			$	208,017			$	174,103
Shares outstanding, end of year			16,025,011				11,533,315				11,533,315				11,529,303				9,500,100
Ratios to average net assets:
Net investment income			8.68	%			7.63	%			6.69	%			6.46	%			7.14	%
Operating expenses			2.65	%*			2.92	%*			2.50	%*			2.46	%			3.20	%
Interest and other credit facility expenses***			1.56	%			2.08	%			1.52	%			0.62	%			1.40	%
Total expenses			4.21	%*			5.00	%*			4.02	%*			3.08	%			4.60	%
Average debt outstanding		$	109,938			$	136,900			$	72,132			$	41,261			$	41,439
Portfolio turnover ratio			38.4	%			34.0	%			47.5	%			56.8	%			74.5	%

 

(a)	Calculated using the average shares outstanding method.

(b)	Total return is based on the change in market price per share during the year and takes into account any dividends, if any, reinvested in accordance with the dividend reinvestment plan. Total return does not include a sales load.

*

The ratio of operating expenses to average net assets and the ratio of total expenses to average net assets is shown net of a voluntary incentive fee waiver (see note 3). For the year ended December 31, 2016, the ratios of operating expenses to average net assets and total expenses to average net assets would be 3.60% and 5.15%, respectively, without the voluntary management and incentive fee waivers. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the ratios of operating expenses to average net assets and total expenses to average net assets would be 3.29% and 5.37%, respectively, without the voluntary incentive fee waiver. For the year ended December 31, 2014, the ratios of operating expenses to average net assets and total expenses to average net assets would be 2.61% and 4.13%, respectively, without the voluntary incentive fee waiver.

**	Represents tax return of capital.

***	Ratios shown without the non-recurring costs associated with the amendments of the Credit Facility would be 1.56%, 1.67%, 1.05%, 0.62% and 0.85%, respectively for the years shown.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

Information about our senior securities is shown in the following table as of each year ended December 31 since the Company commenced operations, unless otherwise noted. The “–” indicates information which the SEC expressly does not require to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities.

 

Class and Year		Total Amount Outstanding(1)				Asset Coverage Per Unit(2)				Involuntary Liquidating Preference Per Unit(3)				Average Market Value Per Unit(4)
Revolving Credit Facility
Fiscal 2016		$	98,300			$	3,738			$	—				N/A
Fiscal 2015			116,200				2,621				—				N/A
Fiscal 2014			143,200				2,421				—				N/A
Fiscal 2013			61,400				4,388				—				N/A
Fiscal 2012			39,100				5,453				—				N/A
Fiscal 2011			8,600				21,051				—				N/A

 

(1)	Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period presented.

(2)

The asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by senior securities representing indebtedness. This asset coverage ratio is multiplied by one thousand to determine the Asset Coverage Per Unit. In order to determine the specific Asset Coverage Per Unit for each class of debt, the total Asset Coverage Per Unit was divided based on the amount outstanding at the end of the period for each. As of December 31, 2016, asset coverage was 373.8%.

(3)	The amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon the involuntary liquidation of the issuer in preference to any security junior to it.

(4)	Not applicable, we do not have senior securities that are registered for public trading.

Note 9(a). Income Tax Information and Distributions to Stockholders

The tax character of distributions for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

 

		2016								2015								2014
Ordinary income		$	18,316				100.0	%		$	16,262				100.0	%		$	14,842				91.3	%
Capital gains			—				0.0	%			—				0.0	%			—				0.0	%
Return of capital			—				0.0	%			—				0.0	%			1,419				8.7	%
Total distributions		$	18,316				100.0	%		$	16,262				100.0	%		$	16,261				100.0	%

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

As of December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 the components of accumulated gain and losses on a tax basis were as follows (1):

 

		2016				2015				2014
Undistributed ordinary income		$	1,595			$	—			$	—
Undistributed long-term net capital gains			—				—				—
Total undistributed net earnings			1,595				—				—
Other book/tax temporary differences			1,084				1,412				(781	)
Post-October capital losses			—				—				—
Capital loss carryforward			(6,026	)			(6,187	)			(5,766	)
Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) investments			(10,676	)			(15,316	)			(1,497	)
Total taxable income (loss)		$	(14,023	)		$	(20,091	)		$	(8,044	)

 

(1)	Tax information for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 are/were estimates and are not final until the Company files its tax returns, typically in September each year.

The Company recognizes in its consolidated financial statements the tax effect of a tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. To the best of our knowledge, we did not have any uncertain tax positions that met the recognition or measurement criteria of ASC 740-10-25 nor did we have any unrecognized tax benefits as of the periods presented herein. Although we file federal and state tax returns, our major tax jurisdiction is federal. Our tax returns for each of our federal tax years since 2013 remain subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service and the state department of revenue. The capital loss carryforwards shown above do not expire. $161, $2,879 and $0 of the capital loss carryforwards were utilized during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Note 9(b). Other Tax Information (unaudited)

No distributions paid during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 or 2014 were eligible for qualified dividend income treatment or were eligible for the 70% dividends received deduction for corporate stockholders. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, 99.34%, 99.09% and 100%, respectively, of each of the distributions paid during the year represent interest-related dividends. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, none of the distributions represent short-term capital gains dividends.

Note 10. Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC

We acquired Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC (d/b/a Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare Finance) (“Gemino”) on September 30, 2013. Gemino is a commercial finance company that originates, underwrites, and manages primarily secured, asset-based loans for small and mid-sized companies operating in the healthcare industry. Our initial investment in Gemino was $32,839. The management team of Gemino co-invested in the transaction and continues to lead Gemino.

Concurrent with the closing of the transaction, Gemino entered into a new, four-year, non-recourse, $100,000 credit facility with non-affiliates, which was expandable to $150,000 under its accordion feature.

 

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December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

Effective March 31, 2014, the credit facility was expanded to $105,000 and again on June 27, 2014 to $110,000. On May 27, 2016, Gemino entered into a new $125,000 credit facility which replaced the previously existing facility. The new facility has similar terms as compared to the previous facility and includes an accordion feature increase to $200,000 and has a maturity date of May 27, 2020.

On December 31, 2013, we contributed our 32,839 units in Gemino to Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare LLC (“Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare”). In exchange for this contribution, we received 19,839 units of equity interests and $13,000 in floating rate secured notes of Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare bearing interest at LIBOR plus 7.50%, maturing on December 31, 2018. However, our financial statements, including our schedule of investments, reflected our investments in Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare on a consolidated basis. On October 28, 2016, Gemino Senior Secured Healthcare was dissolved. Gemino’s management team and Solar Senior own approximately 6% and 94% of the equity in Gemino, respectively.

Gemino currently manages a highly diverse portfolio of directly-originated and underwritten senior-secured commitments. As of December 31, 2016, the portfolio totaled approximately $186,360 of commitments, of which $114,386 were funded, on total assets of $118,490. As of December 31, 2015, the portfolio totaled approximately $188,254 of commitments, of which $130,618 were funded, on total assets of $133,678. At December 31, 2016, the portfolio consisted of 35 issuers with an average balance of approximately $3,268 versus 36 issuers with an average balance of approximately $3,628 at December 31, 2015. All of the commitments in Gemino’s portfolio are floating-rate, senior-secured, cash-pay loans. Gemino’s credit facility, which is non-recourse to us, had approximately $83,000 and $98,500 of borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, Gemino had net income of $4,562, $3,881 and $2,990, respectively, on gross income of $13,274, $12,374 and $10,906, respectively. Due to timing and non-cash items, there may be material differences between GAAP net income and cash available for distributions.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

Note 11. Selected Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)

 

Quarter Ended		Investment Income								Net Investment Income								Net Realized And Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Assets								Net Increase (Decrease) In Net Assets From Operations
		Total				Per Share				Total				Per Share				Total				Per Share				Total				Per Share
December 31, 2016		$	7,164			$	0.45			$	5,649			$	0.35			$	346			$	0.02			$	5,995			$	0.37
September 30, 2016			7,001				0.57				4,536				0.37				633				0.05				5,169				0.42
June 30, 2016			6,681				0.58				4,066				0.35				608				0.06				4,674				0.41
March 31, 2016			6,349				0.55				4,065				0.35				4,349				0.38				8,414				0.73
December 31, 2015		$	6,128			$	0.53			$	4,066			$	0.35			$	(8,507	)		$	(0.74	)		$	(4,441	)		$	(0.39	)
September 30, 2015			6,520				0.57				4,085				0.35				(5,580	)			(0.48	)			(1,495	)			(0.13	)
June 30, 2015			6,655				0.58				3,346				0.29				(450	)			(0.04	)			2,896				0.25
March 31, 2015			6,143				0.53				3,876				0.34				210				0.02				4,086				0.35

Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company had unfunded debt and equity commitments to delayed draw and revolving loans, as well as to Gemino. The total amount of these unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 is $13,073 and $6,736, respectively, comprised of the following:

 

		December 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC		$	5,000			$	5,000
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc			3,860				—
Engineering Solutions & Products, LLC			1,736				1,736
Ministry Brands, LLC			1,507				—
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp. (Veritext)			486				—
CIBT Holdings, Inc			484				—
Total Commitments*		$	13,073			$	6,736

 

*	The Company controls the funding of the Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC commitment and may cancel it at its discretion.

As of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had sufficient cash available and/or liquid securities available to fund its commitments as well as the commitment to FLLP disclosed in Note 13.

Note 13. First Lien Loan Program LLC

On September 10, 2014, the Company entered into a limited liability company agreement to create a First Lien Loan Program (“FLLP”) with Voya Investment Management LLC (“Voya”). Voya acts as the investment advisor for several wholly-owned insurance subsidiaries of Voya Financial, Inc. (NYSE: VOYA). The joint venture vehicle, structured as an unconsolidated Delaware limited liability company, is expected to invest primarily in senior secured floating rate term loans to middle market companies predominantly owned by private equity sponsors or entrepreneurs. Solar Senior and Voya have committed to provide $50,750 and $7,250,

 

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December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

respectively, of capital to the joint venture. All portfolio decisions and generally all other decisions in respect of the FLLP must be approved by an investment committee of the FLLP consisting of representatives of the Company and Voya (with approval from a representative of each required). On February 13, 2015, FLLP commenced operations. On February 13, 2015, FLLP as transferor and FLLP 2015-1, LLC, a newly formed wholly owned subsidiary of FLLP, as borrower entered into a $75,000 senior secured revolving credit facility (the “FLLP Facility”) with Wells Fargo Securities, LLC acting as administrative agent. Solar Senior Capital Ltd. acts as servicer under the FLLP Facility. The FLLP Facility was scheduled to mature on February 13, 2020. The FLLP Facility generally bears interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a range of 2.25%-2.50%. FLLP and FLLP 2015-1, LLC, as applicable, have made certain customary representations and warranties, and are required to comply with various covenants, including leverage restrictions, reporting requirements and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. The FLLP Facility also includes usual and customary events of default for credit facilities of this nature. On August 15, 2016, the FLLP Facility was amended, expanding commitments to $100,000 and extending the maturity date to August 16, 2021. There were $75,941 of borrowings outstanding as of December 31, 2016. As of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, Solar Senior and Voya contributed combined equity capital in the amount of $47,071 and $33,810, respectively. Of the $47,071 of contributed equity capital at December 31, 2016, the Company contributed $29,584 in the form of investments and $11,603 in the form of cash and Voya contributed $5,884 in the form of cash. As of December 31, 2016, Solar Senior and Voya’s remaining commitments totaled $9,563 and $1,366, respectively. The Company, along with Voya, controls the funding of FLLP and FLLP may not call the unfunded commitments without approval of both the Company and Voya.

As of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, FLLP had total assets of $122,225 and $76,788, respectively. For the same periods, FLLP’s portfolio consisted of first lien floating rate senior secured loans to 25 and 15 different borrowers, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2016, FLLP invested $66,664 across 16 portfolio companies. For the period from February 13, 2015 through December 31, 2015, FLLP invested $76,291 across 15 portfolio companies. Investments prepaid totaled $24,200 for the year ended December 31, 2016 and $968 for the period from February 13, 2015 through December 31, 2015. At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the weighted average yield of FLLP’s portfolio was 6.6% and 6.5%, respectively, measured at fair value and 6.5% and 6.2%, respectively, measured at cost.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

FLLP Portfolio as of December 31, 2016

 

Description		Industry		Spread Above Index(1)				LIBOR Floor				Interest Rate(2)				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value(3)
1A Smart Start LLC		Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			2/21/22			$	7,920			$	7,855			$	7,920
Alera Group Intermediate Holdings, Inc.(4)		Insurance			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			12/30/22				3,456				3,422				3,422
Anesthesia Consulting & Management, LP(4)		Health Care Providers & Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			10/31/22				5,000				4,951				4,950
Capstone Logistics Acquisition, Inc.(4)		Professional Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			10/7/21				5,361				5,320				5,308
CIBT Holdings, Inc.(4)		Professional Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.25	%			6/28/22				2,620				2,596				2,594
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.(4)		Insurance			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			4/19/22				5,500				5,447				5,537
DB Datacenter Holdings, Inc.(4)		IT Services			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			7/13/21				5,500				5,450				5,417
Empower Payments Acquisition, Inc. (RevSpring)(4)		Professional Services			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			11/30/23				4,625				4,533				4,532
Falmouth Group Holdings Corp. (AMPAC)(4)		Chemicals			L+675				1.00	%			7.75	%			12/14/21				5,486				5,486				5,486
Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, LLC (KBS)(4)		Commercial Services & Supplies			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			10/29/21				2,438				2,419				2,389
MedRisk, LLC		Health Care Providers & Services			L+525				1.00	%			6.25	%			3/1/23				3,970				3,934				3,970
Metamorph US 3, LLC (Metalogix)(4)		Software			L+650				1.00	%			7.50	%			12/1/20				4,000				3,928				2,860
Ministry Brands, LLC(4)		Software			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			12/2/22				2,746				2,719				2,719
Pearl Merger Sub, LLC (PetVet)(4)		Health Care Facilities			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			12/17/20				5,390				5,313				5,329
Pet Holdings ULC & Pet Supermarket, Inc.		Specialty Retail			L+550				1.00	%			6.50	%			7/5/22				4,538				4,474				4,481
PSP Group, LLC (Pet Supplies Plus)(4)		Specialty Retail			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			4/6/21				5,353				5,315				5,327
QBS Holding Company, Inc. (Quorum)(4)		Software			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			8/7/21				3,430				3,404				3,293
Salient Partners, L.P.(4)		Asset Management			L+850				1.00	%			9.50	%			6/9/21				5,154				5,073				5,025
Sarnova HC, LLC		Trading Companies and Distributors			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			1/28/22				4,963				4,919				4,962
Suburban Broadband, LLC (Jab Wireless, Inc.)(4)		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+450				1.00	%			5.50	%			3/26/19				8,168				8,060				8,086
Telular Corporation		Wireless Telecommunication Services			L+425				1.25	%			5.50	%			6/24/19				5,063				5,047				5,051
The Hilb Group, LLC & Gencorp Insurance Group, Inc.(4)		Insurance			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			6/24/21				3,814				3,747				3,776
Tronair Parent Inc.		Aerospace & Defense			L+475				1.00	%			5.75	%			9/8/23				4,988				4,939				4,963
VT Buyer Acquisition Corp. (Veritext)(4)		Professional Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			1/29/22				4,481				4,443				4,459
Wirb-Copernicus Group, Inc.		Business Services			L+500				1.00	%			6.00	%			8/12/22				5,486				5,434				5,431
																								$	118,228			$	117,287

 

(1)	Floating rate instruments accrue interest at a predetermined spread relative to an index, typically the LIBOR or PRIME rate. These instruments are typically subject to a LIBOR or PRIME rate floor.

 

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December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

(2)

Floating rate debt investments typically bear interest at a rate determined by reference to either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”) index rate or the prime index rate (PRIME or “P”), and which typically reset monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. For each debt investment we have provided the current interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2016.

(3)	Represents the fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 820. The determination of such fair value is not included in the Board’s valuation process described elsewhere herein.

(4)	The Company also holds this security on its Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

FLLP Portfolio as of December 31, 2015

 

Description		Industry		Interest Rate(1)				Maturity Date				Par Amount				Cost				Fair Value(2)
1A Smart Start LLC		Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components			5.75	%			2/21/22			$	8,000			$	7,924			$	7,880
Athletico Management, LLC and Accelerated Holdings, LLC(3)		Health Care Facilities			6.25	%			12/2/20				4,724				4,682				4,653
Capstone Logistics Acquisition, Inc.(3)		Professional Services			5.50	%			10/7/21				5,436				5,387				5,395
Castle Management Borrower LLC (Highgate Hotels)(3)		Real Estate Management & Development			5.50	%			9/18/20				3,950				3,916				3,812
Confie Seguros Holding II Co.(3)		Insurance			5.75	%			11/9/18				5,458				5,454				5,390
Innovative Xcessories & Services, LLC(3)		Automotive Retail			5.25	%			2/21/20				2,500				2,500				2,462
Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, LLC (KBS)(3)		Commercial Services & Supplies			6.00	%			10/29/21				2,475				2,453				2,364
Metamorph US 3, LLC (Metalogix)(3)		Software			6.50	%			12/1/20				4,875				4,768				4,485
Pearl Merger Sub, LLC (PetVet)(3)		Health Care Facilities			5.50	%			12/17/20				5,445				5,350				5,336
PSP Group, LLC (Pet Supplies Plus)(3)		Specialty Retail			5.75	%			4/6/21				5,459				5,411				5,350
QBS Holding Company, Inc. (Quorum)(3)		Software			5.75	%			8/7/21				3,465				3,434				3,361
RCPSI Corporation (Pet Supermarket)(3)		Specialty Retail			6.75	%			4/16/21				5,473				5,423				5,363
Salient Partners, L.P.(3)		Asset Management			7.50	%			6/9/21				5,418				5,317				5,228
Suburban Broadband, LLC (Jab Wireless, Inc.)(4)		Wireless Telecommunication Services			5.50	%			3/26/19				8,229				8,076				8,065
Telular Corporation		Wireless Telecommunication Services			5.50	%			6/24/19				5,354				5,330				5,274
																$	75,425			$	74,418

 

(1)

Floating rate debt investments typically bear interest at a rate determined by reference to either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”) index rate or the prime index rate (PRIME or “P”), and which typically reset monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. For each debt investment we have provided the current interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2015.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

(2)	Represents the fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 820. The determination of such fair value is not included in the Board’s valuation process described elsewhere herein.

(3)	The Company also holds a portion of this position on its Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

Below is certain summarized financial information for FLLP as of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 and for the year ended December 31, 2016 and the period from February 13, 2015 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2015:

 

		December 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
Selected Balance Sheet Information for FLLP:
Investments at fair value (cost $118,228 and $75,425, respectively)		$	117,287			$	74,418
Cash and other assets.			4,938				2,370
Total assets		$	122,225			$	76,788
Debt outstanding		$	75,941			$	43,998
Distributions payable			981				742
Interest payable and other credit facility related expenses			708				400
Accrued expenses and other payables			241				113
Total liabilities		$	77,871			$	45,253
Members’ equity		$	44,354			$	31,535
Total liabilities and members’ equity		$	122,225			$	76,788

 

		Year ended December 31, 2016				For the Period February 13, 2015 (commencement of operations) through December 31, 2015
Selected Income Statement Information for FLLP:
Interest income		$	6,344			$	3,115
Service fees*		$	66			$	32
Interest and other credit facility expenses**			3,076				2,227
Other general and administrative expenses			178				142
Total expenses			3,320				2,401
Net investment income		$	3,024			$	714
Realized gain on investments			59				—
Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments			65				(1,007	)
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments			124				(1,007	)
Net income (loss)		$	3,148			$	(293	)

 

*	Service fees are included within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as other income.

**

FLLP made an irrevocable election to apply the fair value option of accounting to the FLLP Facility, in accordance with ASC 825-10. As such, all expenses related to the establishment of and amendments to the FLLP Facility were expensed during the periods shown. For the year ended December 31, 2016 and the period February 13, 2015 through December 31, 2015, these amounts totaled $836 and $1,316, respectively.

 

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SOLAR SENIOR CAPITAL LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

December 31, 2016

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

Note 14. Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated the need for disclosures and/or adjustments resulting from subsequent events through the date the consolidated financial statements were issued.

On January 7, 2017, our board of directors declared a monthly dividend of $0.1175 per share payable on February 2, 2017 to holders of record as of January 21, 2017.

On January 10, 2017, total commitments to our Credit Facility increased to $200,000 from $175,000 by utilizing the accordion feature.

On February 7, 2017, our board of directors declared a monthly dividend of $0.1175 per share payable on March 1, 2017 to holders of record as of February 23, 2017.

On February 22, 2017, the Company and Solar Capital formed Solar Life Science Program LLC (“LSJV”) with an affiliate of Deerfield Management. The Company is committing $75,000 to LSJV.

On February 22, 2017, our board of directors declared a monthly dividend of $0.1175 per share payable on April 4, 2017 to holders of record as of March 23, 2017.

 

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$250,000,000

 

Solar Senior Capital Ltd.

Common Stock

Debt Securities

 

 

P R E L I M I N A R Y  P R O S P E C T U S

                    , 2017

 

 

 

 

 

 

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PART C — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 25.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS

1. Financial Statements

The following financial statements of Solar Senior Capital Ltd. (the “Registrant” or the “Company”) are included in Part A “Information Required to be in the Prospectus” of the Registration Statement.

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities as of June 30, 2017 (unaudited) and December 31, 2016			F-2
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 (unaudited) and the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 (unaudited)			F-3
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets for the six months ended June 30, 2017 (unaudited) and the year ended December 31, 2016			F-4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2017 (unaudited) and the six months ended June 30, 2016 (unaudited)			F-5
Consolidated Schedule of Investments as of June 30, 2017 (unaudited)			F-6
Consolidated Schedule of Investments as of December 31, 2016			F-10
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)			F-14
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm			F-35
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting			F-36
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm			F-37
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm On Internal Control Over Financial Reporting			F-38
Consolidated Statements of Assets  & Liabilities as of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015			F-39
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December  31, 2016, 2015 and 2014			F-40
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014			F-41
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December  31, 2016, 2015 and 2014			F-42
Consolidated Schedule of Investments as of December  31, 2016 and December 31, 2015			F-43
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			F-49

 

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2. Exhibits

 

Exhibit Number		Description
a.		Articles of Amendment and Restatement(1)
b.		Amended and Restated Bylaws(1)
d.1		Form of Common Stock Certificate(1)
d.2		Form of Indenture(4)
e.		Dividend Reinvestment Plan(1)
f.1		Form of Contribution Agreement, dated as of August 26, 2011, by and between SUNS SPV LLC, as the contributee, and Solar Senior Capital Ltd., as the contributor(2)
f.2		Form of Loan and Servicing Agreement, dated as of August 26, 2011 (as amended through May 29, 2015), by and among Registrant, as the servicer and the transferor, SUNS SPV LLC, as the borrower, each of the conduit lenders from time to time party thereto, each of the liquidity banks from time to time party thereto, each of the lender agents from time to time party thereto, Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as the account bank, the backup servicer and the collateral custodian(9)
f.3		Fourth Amendment to the Loan and Servicing Agreement, dated as of May 29, 2015 by and among the Registrant, as the transferor and the servicer, SUNS SPV LLC, as the borrower, Citibank, N.A., as the administrative agent and collateral agent, each of the conduit lenders from time to time party thereto, each of the lender agents from time to time party thereto, each of the liquidity banks from time to time party thereto, each of the institutional lenders from time to time party thereto, and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as the account bank, the collateral custodian and the back-up servicer(9)
f.6		Form of Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated as of September 10, 2014, by and among the Registrant, Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company, ReliaStar Life Insurance Company, and Voya Insurance and Annuity Company, by and through Voya Investment Management LLC, as agent and investment manager(10)
f.7		Form of Limited Liability Company Agreement of Solar Life Science Program LLC, dated as of February 22, 2017, by and among Solar Capital Ltd., the Registrant, and Deerfield Solar Holdings LLC(16)
g.		First Amended and Restated Investment Advisory and Management Agreement by and between Registrant and Solar Capital Partners, LLC(14)
h.		Form of Underwriting Agreement(5)
j.		Form of Custody Agreement(7)
k.1		Amended and Restated Administration Agreement by and between Registrant and Solar Capital Management, LLC(7)
k.2		Form of Indemnification Agreement by and between Registrant and each of its directors(1)
k.3		Trademark License Agreement by and between Registrant and Solar Capital Partners, LLC(1)
k.4		Form of Share Purchase Agreement by and between Registrant and Solar Senior Capital Investors, LLC(1)
k.5		Form of Amendment No. 1 to the Share Purchase Agreement by and between Registrant and Solar Senior Capital Investors, LLC(3)
l.1		Opinion of Venable LLP(11)

 

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Exhibit Number		Description
l.2		Opinion of Sutherland Asbill & Brennan LLP(11)
n.1		Consent of Venable LLP (Incorporated by reference to exhibit l.1 hereto)(11)
n.2		Consent of Sutherland Asbill & Brennan LLP (Incorporated by reference to exhibit l.2 hereto)(11)
n.3		Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm(5)
n.4		Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm(6)
n.5		Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm(8)
n.6		Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm(12)
n.7		Consent of Independent Auditor*
n.8		Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm*
n.9		Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm(13)
n.10		Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm(17)
n.11		Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm*
n.12		Awareness Letter of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm*
r.		Code of Ethics(15)
99.1		Code of Business Conduct(7)
99.2		Form of Prospectus Supplement for Common Stock Offerings(5)
99.3		Form of Prospectus Supplement for Debt Offerings(5)
99.4		Gemino Healthcare Finance, LLC and Subsidiary Consolidated Financial Statements year ended December 31, 2016*
99.5		First Lien Loan Program LLC Consolidated Financial Statements year ended December 31, 2016*

 

(1)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s registration statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-171330) filed on February 14, 2011.

(2)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s report on Form 8-K filed on August 31, 2011.

(3)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s annual report on Form 10-K filed on February 22, 2012.

(4)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s registration statement on Form N-2 Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 (File No. 333-179433) filed on March 20, 2012.

(5)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s registration statement on Form N-2 Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 (File No. 333-179433) filed on May 11, 2012.

(6)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s registration statement on Form N-2 Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 (File No. 333-179433) filed on April 29, 2013.

(7)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Capital Ltd.’s annual report on form 10-K filed on February 25, 2014.

(8)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s registration statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-194774) filed on March 24, 2014.

(9)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s report on Form 10-Q filed on August 4, 2015.

(10)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s report on Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2014.

(11)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s registration statement on Form N-2 Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 (File No. 333-194774) filed on June 17, 2014.

(12)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s registration statement on Form N-2 Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 (File No. 333-194774) filed on March 5, 2015.

 

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(13)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s registration statement on Form N-2 Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 (File No. 333-194774) filed on May 13, 2016.

(14)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s report on Form 10-Q filed on August 2, 2016.

(15)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s annual report on Form 10-K filed on February 22, 2017.

(16)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s report on Form 8-K filed on February 22, 2017.

(17)	Previously filed in connection with Solar Senior Capital Ltd.’s registration statement on Form N-2 Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-194774) filed on March 9, 2017.

*	Filed herewith.

ITEM 26.    MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS

The information contained under the heading “Plan of Distribution” in the prospectus that is a part of this Registration Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 27.    OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION

 

SEC registration fee		$	32,200
FINRA filing fee			38,000
NASDAQ Global Select Market Listing Fee			70,000
Printing and postage			100,000
Legal fees and expenses			210,000
Accounting fees and expenses			105,000
Miscellaneous			10,000
Total		$	565,200

 

Note:

All listed amounts, except the SEC registration fee and the FINRA filing fee, are estimates.

ITEM 28.    PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL

We may be deemed to control certain portfolio companies. See “Portfolio Companies” in the prospectus that is a part of this Registration Statement.

Consolidated Subsidiaries

The following list sets forth each of our consolidated subsidiaries, the state or country under whose laws the subsidiary is organized, and the percentage of voting securities or membership interests owned by us in such subsidiary:

 

ESP SSC Corporation (Delaware)			100	%
SUNS SPV LLC (Delaware)			100	%

The subsidiary listed above is consolidated for financial reporting purposes.

ITEM 29.    NUMBER OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

The following table sets forth the number of record holders of the Registrant’s common stock at October 3, 2017:

 

Title of Class		Number of Record Holders
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share		4

 

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ITEM 30.    INDEMNIFICATION

Directors and Officers

Reference is made to Section 2-418 of the Maryland General Corporation Law, Article VII of the Registrant’s charter and Article XI of the Registrant’s Amended and Restated Bylaws.

Maryland law permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages except for liability resulting from (a) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action. The Registrant’s charter contains such a provision which eliminates directors’ and officers’ liability to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the 1940 Act.

The Registrant’s charter authorizes the Registrant, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, to indemnify any present or former director or officer of the Registrant or any individual who, while serving as the Registrant’s director or officer and at the Registrant’s request, serves or has served another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise as a director, officer, partner or trustee, from and against any claim or liability to which that person may become subject or which that person may incur by reason of his or her service in any such capacity and to pay or reimburse their reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding. The Registrant’s bylaws obligate the Registrant, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, to indemnify any present or former director or officer or any individual who, while serving as the Registrant’s director or officer and at the Registrant’s request, serves or has served another corporation, real estate investment trust, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise as a director, officer, partner, trustee, manager or member and who is made, or threatened to be made, a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity from and against any claim or liability to which that person may become subject or which that person may incur by reason of his or her service in any such capacity and to pay or reimburse his or her reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding without requiring a preliminary determination of his or her ultimate entitlement to indemnification. The charter and bylaws also permit the Registrant to indemnify and advance expenses to any person who served a predecessor of the Registrant in any of the capacities described above and any of the Registrant’s employees or agents or any employees or agents of the Registrant’s predecessor. In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Registrant will not indemnify any person for any liability to which such person would be subject by reason of such person’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.

Maryland law requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which the Registrant’s charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made, or threatened to be made, a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. Maryland law permits a corporation to indemnify its present and former directors and officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made, or threatened to be made, a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is established that (a) the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (1) was committed in bad faith or (2) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, (b) the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services or (c) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful. However, under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a judgment of liability on the basis that a personal benefit was improperly received unless, in either case, a court orders indemnification, and then only for expenses. In addition, Maryland law permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer in advance of final disposition of a proceeding upon the corporation’s receipt of (a) a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct

 

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necessary for indemnification by the corporation and (b) a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the corporation if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.

Adviser and Administrator

The Investment Advisory and Management Agreement provides that, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of the reckless disregard of its duties and obligations, Solar Capital Partners, LLC, or the Adviser, and its officers, managers, agents, employees, controlling persons, members and any other person or entity affiliated with it are entitled to indemnification from the Registrant for any damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlement) arising from the rendering of the Adviser’s services under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement or otherwise as an investment adviser of the Registrant.

The Administration Agreement provides that, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of the reckless disregard of its duties and obligations, Solar Capital Management, LLC and its officers, managers, agents, employees, controlling persons, members and any other person or entity affiliated with it are entitled to indemnification from the Registrant for any damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlement) arising from the rendering of Solar Capital Management, LLC’s services under the Administration Agreement or otherwise as administrator for the Registrant.

The law also provides for comparable indemnification for corporate officers and agents. Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

The Registrant has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors. The indemnification agreements are intended to provide the Registrant’s directors the maximum indemnification permitted under Maryland law and the 1940 Act. Each indemnification agreement provides that the Registrant shall indemnify the director who is a party to the agreement (an “Indemnitee”), including the advancement of legal expenses, if, by reason of his or her corporate status, the Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be, made a party to or a witness in any threatened, pending, or completed proceeding, other than a proceeding by or in the right of the Registrant.

ITEM 31.    BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISER

A description of any other business, profession, vocation, or employment of a substantial nature in which Solar Capital Partners, LLC, and each managing director, director or executive officer of Solar Capital Partners, LLC, is or has been during the past two fiscal years, engaged in for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee, is set forth in Part A of this Registration Statement in the sections entitled “Management — Board of Directors,” “Investment Advisory and Management Agreement” and “Portfolio Management — Investment Personnel.” Additional information regarding Solar Capital Partners, LLC and its officers and directors will be set forth in its Form ADV, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC File No. 801-68710), under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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ITEM 32.    LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS

All accounts, books, and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the 1940 Act, and the rules thereunder are maintained at the offices of:

 

(1)

the Registrant, Solar Senior Capital Ltd., 500 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022;

 

(2)

the Transfer Agent, American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219;

 

(3)

the Custodian, Citibank, N.A., 399 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022; and

 

(4)

the Adviser, Solar Capital Partners, LLC, 500 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022.

ITEM 33.    MANAGEMENT SERVICES

Not applicable.

ITEM 34.    UNDERTAKINGS

(1) Registrant undertakes to suspend the offering of the shares of common stock covered hereby until it amends its prospectus contained herein if (a) subsequent to the effective date of this Registration Statement, its net asset value per share of common stock declines more than 10% from its net asset value per share of common stock as of the effective date of this Registration Statement, or (b) its net asset value per share of common stock increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds as stated in the prospectus contained herein.

(2) Not applicable.

(3) Not applicable.

(4) The Registrant hereby undertakes:

(a) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement:

(i) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the 1933 Act;

(ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement; and

(iii) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.

(b) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the 1933 Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; and

(c) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering; and

(d) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the 1933 Act to any purchaser, if the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C: Each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 497(b), (c), (d) or (e) under the 1933 Act as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A under the 1933 Act, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness; Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or

 

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prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

(e) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the 1933 Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities, the undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser:

(i) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 497 under the 1933 Act;

(ii) the portion of any advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the 1933 Act relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and

(iii) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.

(f) To file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement, and to suspend any offers or sales pursuant the registration statement until such post-effective amendment has been declared effective under the 1933 Act, in the event the shares of Registrant are trading below its net asset value and either (i) Registrant receives, or has been advised by its independent registered accounting firm that it will receive, an audit report reflecting substantial doubt regarding the Registrant’s ability to continue as a going concern or (ii) Registrant has concluded that a material adverse change has occurred in its financial position or results of operations that has caused the financial statements and other disclosures on the basis of which the offering would be made to be materially misleading.

(5) (a) For the purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of a registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the Registrant under Rule 497 (h) under the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of the Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective.

(b) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(6) The Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery within two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any Statement of Additional Information.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, in the State of New York, on the 5th day of October, 2017.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant, and in the capacities indicated, on the 5th day of October, 2017.

 

Signature		Title
/s/ Michael S. Gross Michael S. Gross		Chief Executive Officer, President, Chairman of the Board and Director (Principal Executive Officer)
* Steven Hochberg		Director
* David S. Wachter		Director
* Leonard A. Potter		Director
* Bruce Spohler		Chief Operating Officer and Director
/s/ Richard L. Peteka Richard L. Peteka		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer), Treasurer and Secretary

 

*	Signed by Michael S. Gross pursuant to a power of attorney signed by each individual and filed with this Registration Statement on March 24, 2014.

 

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