Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended July 31, 2010

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number: 0-14338

AUTODESK, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   94-2819853

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

111 McInnis Parkway

San Rafael, California

  94903
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

(415) 507-5000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

 

Large accelerated filer   x    Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   ¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  ¨    No  x

As of August 24, 2010, there were 227,283,469 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

AUTODESK, INC.

INDEX

 

          Page No.
   PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION   
Item 1.    Financial Statements:   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
Three and Six Months Ended July 31, 2010 and 2009

   3
  

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010

   4
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Six Months Ended July 31, 2010 and 2009

   5
  

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

   6
Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    25
Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    42
Item 4.    Controls and Procedures    42
   PART II. OTHER INFORMATION   
Item 1.    Legal Proceedings    43
Item 1A.    Risk Factors    43
Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds    53
Item 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities    53
Item 4.    Removed and Reserved    53
Item 5.    Other Information    53
Item 6.    Exhibits    53
   Signatures    54

 

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AUTODESK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In millions, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
July 31,
    Six Months Ended
July 31,
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Net revenue:

        

License and other

   $ 280.7      $ 231.0      $ 560.5      $ 474.6   

Maintenance

     192.1        183.9        386.9        366.1   
                                

Total net revenue

     472.8        414.9        947.4        840.7   
                                

Cost of revenue:

        

Cost of license and other revenue

     40.5        44.8        81.7        88.9   

Cost of maintenance revenue

     7.9        5.3        18.0        13.5   
                                

Total cost of revenue

     48.4        50.1        99.7        102.4   
                                

Gross profit

     424.4        364.8        847.7        738.3   

Operating expenses:

        

Marketing and sales

     177.5        176.4        364.0        360.3   

Research and development

     119.3        109.8        246.5        231.4   

General and administrative

     45.9        49.5        97.6        99.5   

Restructuring charges

     1.9        26.4        9.0        42.9   

Impairment of goodwill

     —          —          —          21.0   
                                

Total operating expenses

     344.6        362.1        717.1        755.1   
                                

Income (loss) from operations

     79.8        2.7        130.6        (16.8

Interest and other income (expense), net

     0.1        10.7        (3.3     10.7   
                                

Income (loss) before income taxes

     79.9        13.4        127.3        (6.1

Provision for income taxes

     (20.0     (2.9     (30.5     (15.6
                                

Net income (loss)

   $ 59.9      $ 10.5      $ 96.8      $ (21.7
                                

Basic net income (loss) per share

   $ 0.26      $ 0.05      $ 0.42      $ (0.09
                                

Diluted net income (loss) per share

   $ 0.25      $ 0.05      $ 0.41      $ (0.09
                                

Shares used in computing basic net income (loss) per share

     228.0        228.9        228.5        228.0   
                                

Shares used in computing diluted net income (loss) per share

     233.8        232.3        234.5        228.0   
                                

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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AUTODESK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In millions)

(Unaudited)

 

     July 31,
2010
    January 31,
2010
 
ASSETS     

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 850.0      $ 838.7   

Marketable securities

     236.6        161.9   

Accounts receivable, net

     231.0        277.4   

Deferred income taxes

     43.6        44.2   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     56.2        57.4   
                

Total current assets

     1,417.4        1,379.6   

Marketable securities

     184.1        125.6   

Computer equipment, software, furniture and leasehold improvements, net

     88.5        101.6   

Purchased technologies, net

     73.6        88.0   

Goodwill

     545.7        542.9   

Deferred income taxes, net

     113.1        101.9   

Other assets

     102.6        107.6   
                
   $ 2,525.0      $ 2,447.2   
                
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY     

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 79.0      $ 67.8   

Accrued compensation

     100.5        115.6   

Accrued income taxes

     23.0        8.4   

Deferred revenue

     454.2        444.6   

Other accrued liabilities

     66.4        67.6   
                

Total current liabilities

     723.1        704.0   

Deferred revenue

     71.9        71.9   

Long term income taxes payable

     135.1        127.2   

Other liabilities

     69.1        70.6   

Commitments and contingencies

    

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Preferred stock

     —          —     

Common stock and additional paid-in capital

     1,225.1        1,204.3   

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (2.9     (3.5

Retained earnings

     303.6        272.7   
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     1,525.8        1,473.5   
                
   $ 2,525.0      $ 2,447.2   
                

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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AUTODESK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In millions)

(Unaudited)

 

     Six Months Ended
July 31,
 
     2010     2009  

Operating activities:

    

Net income (loss)

   $ 96.8      $ (21.7

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     53.0        55.5   

Stock-based compensation expense

     45.3        44.4   

Restructuring charges, net

     9.0        42.9   

Impairment of goodwill

     —          21.0   

Gain on disposition of assets

     —          (2.3

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of business combinations

     46.5        (65.3
                

Net cash provided by operating activities

     250.6        74.5   
                

Investing activities:

    

Purchases of marketable securities

     (318.7     (298.2

Sales of marketable securities

     52.8        1.4   

Maturities of marketable securities

     135.8        14.3   

Capital expenditures

     (11.1     (24.3

Purchase of equity investment

     —          (10.0

Business combinations, net of cash acquired

     (8.5     —     

Other investing activities

     (0.5     —     
                

Net cash used in investing activities

     (150.2     (316.8
                

Financing activities:

    

Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs

     40.1        44.1   

Repurchases of common stock

     (129.2     —     

Draws on line of credit

     —          2.2   

Repayments of line of credit

     —          (54.3
                

Net cash used in financing activities

     (89.1     (8.0
                

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     —          1.2   
                

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     11.3        (249.1

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of fiscal year

     838.7        917.6   
                

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 850.0      $ 668.5   
                

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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AUTODESK, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tables in millions, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)

 

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Autodesk, Inc. (“Autodesk” or the “Company”) as of July 31, 2010, and for the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. for interim financial information along with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for annual financial statements. In management’s opinion, Autodesk has made all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring and non-recurring adjustments) during the quarter that were considered necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position and operating results of the Company. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. In addition, the results of operations for the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire fiscal year ending January 31, 2011, or for any other period. These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes, together with management’s discussion and analysis of financial position and results of operations contained in Autodesk’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010 (the “2010 Form 10-K”) filed on March 19, 2010.

Reclassifications

During the first quarter of fiscal 2011, Autodesk reclassified certain costs of revenue, which primarily included reclassifying shipping and fulfillment expenses from “Cost of license and other revenue” to “Cost of maintenance revenue,” due to a change in the Company’s cost allocation methodology. These expenses have been reclassified in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended July 31, 2009 to conform to the current period presentation as follows:

 

     Three Months
Ended
    Six Months
Ended
 
Increase (Decrease) to Expense    July 31, 2009     July 31, 2009  

Cost of license and other revenue

   (2.3   (7.7

Cost of maintenance revenue

   2.3      7.7   

 

2. Recently Issued Accounting Standards

With the exception of those discussed below, there have been no recent accounting pronouncements or changes in accounting pronouncements during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the accounting pronouncements described in Autodesk’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010, that are of significance, or potential significance, to the Company.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In October 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2009-13 regarding Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Subtopic 605-25 “Revenue Recognition—Multiple-element Arrangements.” This ASU addresses criteria for separating the consideration in multiple-element arrangements. ASU 2009-13 will require companies to allocate the overall consideration to each deliverable by using a best estimate of the selling price of individual deliverables in the arrangement in the absence of vendor-specific objective evidence or other third-party evidence of the selling price. In October 2009, the FASB also issued ASU 2009-14 regarding ASC Topic 985 “Software: Certain Revenue Arrangements That Include Software Elements.” This ASU modifies the scope of ASC Subtopic 985-605, “Software Revenue Recognition,” to exclude (a) non-software components of tangible products and (b) software components of tangible products that are sold, licensed, or leased with tangible products when the software components and non-software components of the tangible product function together to deliver the tangible product’s essential functionality. The changes under ASU 2009-13 and 2009-14 will be effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, and early adoption is permitted. Autodesk currently plans to adopt the changes under ASU 2009-13 and 2009-14 effective February 1, 2011. Autodesk is currently assessing the impact that the adoption of these new accounting pronouncements will have on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

 

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In January 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-06 regarding ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.” This ASU requires additional disclosure regarding significant transfers in and out of Levels 1 and 2 fair value measurements and the reasons for the transfers. In addition, this ASU requires the Company to present separately information about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements, (on a gross basis rather than as one net number), in the reconciliation for fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). ASU 2010-06 clarifies existing disclosures regarding fair value measurement for each class of assets and liabilities and the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements that fall in either Level 2 or Level 3. This update also includes conforming amendments to the guidance on employers’ disclosures about postretirement benefit plan asset (Subtopic 715-20). The changes under ASU 2010-06 were effective for Autodesk’s fiscal year beginning February 1, 2010, except for the disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements in the roll forward of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements, which are effective for Autodesk’s fiscal year beginning February 1, 2011. The adoption of the portion of this ASU that was effective as of February 1, 2010 did not have a material impact on Autodesk’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Autodesk believes that the adoption of the remaining portion of the ASU that is effective for Autodesk’s fiscal year beginning February 1, 2011 will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

3. Concentration of Credit Risks and Significant Customers

It is Autodesk’s policy that its cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities are held with, and in the custody of, financial institutions with high credit standing. Autodesk’s cash and cash equivalents are held by diversified institutions globally. Autodesk’s primary commercial banking relationship is with Citibank and its global affiliates (“Citibank”). In addition, Citicorp USA, Inc., an affiliate of Citibank, is the lead lender and agent in the syndicate of the Company’s $250.0 million U.S. line of credit. It is Autodesk’s policy to limit the amounts invested with any one institution by type of security and issuer.

Total sales to the distributors Tech Data Corporation and its global affiliates (“Tech Data”) accounted for 15% and 16% of Autodesk’s consolidated net revenue for the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 and 14% of Autodesk’s consolidated net revenue for each of the three and six month periods ended July 31, 2009, respectively. The majority of the net revenue from sales to Tech Data relates to Autodesk’s Platform Solutions and Emerging Business segment and comes from outside the U.S. In addition, Tech Data accounted for 17% and 15% of gross accounts receivable at July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010, respectively.

 

4. Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

Financial Instruments

Market values were determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio. The cost and fair value of Autodesk’s financial instruments were as follows:

 

     July 31, 2010    January 31, 2010
     Amortized Cost    Fair Value    Amortized Cost    Fair Value

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 850.0    $ 850.0    $ 838.7    $ 838.7

Marketable securities - short-term

     237.8      236.6      164.8      161.9

Marketable securities - long-term

     181.9      184.1      124.4      125.6

Foreign currency forward and option contracts

     3.0      4.7      2.3      3.9

Autodesk classifies its marketable securities as either short-term or long-term based on each instrument’s underlying contractual maturity date. Marketable securities with maturities of less than 12 months are classified as short-term and marketable securities with maturities greater than 12 months are classified as long-term. Autodesk may sell certain of its marketable securities prior to their stated maturities for strategic purposes and in anticipation of credit deterioration.

Autodesk has marketable securities that are classified as either “available-for-sale securities” or “trading securities.” At July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010, Autodesk’s short-term investment portfolio included $28.7 million and $26.3 million, respectively, of trading securities invested in a defined set of mutual funds as directed by the participants in the Company’s Deferred Compensation Plan. At July 31, 2010, these securities had net unrealized losses of $1.3 million and a cost basis of $30.0 million, and at January 31, 2010, these securities had net unrealized losses of $3.1 million and a cost basis of $29.4 million (see Note 8, “Deferred Compensation”).

 

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Marketable securities classified as “available-for-sale securities” include the following securities at July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010:

 

     July 31, 2010
     Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   Estimated
Fair Value

Short-term available-for-sale securities:

           

Commercial paper and corporate securities

   $ 84.2    $ 0.1    $ —      $ 84.3

U.S. government agency securities

     45.5      —        —        45.5

Certificates of deposit and time deposits

     29.5      —        —        29.5

U.S. treasury securities

     25.0      —        —        25.0

Money market funds

     10.0      —        —        10.0

Sovereign debt

     9.0      —        —        9.0

Municipal securities

     4.3      —        —        4.3

Other

     0.3      —        —        0.3
                           
   $ 207.8    $ 0.1    $ —      $ 207.9
                           

Long-term available-for-sale securities:

           

Commercial paper and corporate securities

   $ 144.0    $ 1.7    $ —      $ 145.7

U.S. government agency securities

     12.8      0.2      —        13.0

U.S. treasury securities

     6.3      0.1      —        6.4

Taxable auction-rate securities

     7.6      —        —        7.6

Municipal securities

     7.3      0.1      —        7.4

Sovereign debt

     3.9      0.1      —        4.0
                           
   $ 181.9    $ 2.2    $ —      $ 184.1
                           

 

     January 31, 2010
     Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   Estimated
Fair Value

Short-term available-for-sale securities:

           

Commercial paper and corporate securities

   $ 88.8    $ 0.2    $ —      $ 89.0

Certificates of deposit and time deposits

     24.6      —        —        24.6

Money market funds

     10.0      —        —        10.0

U.S. government agency securities

     8.8      —        —        8.8

Municipal securities

     2.8      —        —        2.8

Other

     0.4      —        —        0.4
                           
   $ 135.4    $ 0.2    $ —      $ 135.6
                           

Long-term available-for-sale securities:

           

Corporate securities

   $ 94.9    $ 1.0    $ —      $ 95.9

U.S. government agency securities

     9.1      0.1      —        9.2

Taxable auction-rate securities

     7.6      —        —        7.6

Municipal securities

     7.6      0.1      —        7.7

U.S. treasury securities

     5.2      —        —        5.2
                           
   $ 124.4    $ 1.2    $ —      $ 125.6
                           

The sales of “available-for-sale securities” resulted in no gross gains or losses during the three and six month periods ended July 31, 2010 and 2009. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method.

At July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010, Autodesk was invested in The Reserve International Liquidity Fund (the “International Fund”) with an estimated fair value of $10.0 million. In mid-September of 2008, the International Fund ceased redemptions after net asset values of the funds decreased below $1 per share. This occurred as a result of the International Fund revaluing their holdings of debt securities issued by Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. (“Lehman Brothers”), which filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on September 15, 2008, and the resulting unusually high redemption requests on the International Fund.

A third party court appointed supervisor is overseeing, but not managing, the accounting and payment administration of the International Fund. At this time, the amount and timing of the distribution of our investment in the International Fund is subject to

 

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litigation, and in the event Autodesk needs to access these funds, the Company will not be able to do so. However, based on currently available information, Autodesk expects to recover substantially all of its current holdings, net of reserves, from the International Fund within the next 12 months. Accordingly, the International Fund is classified in current “Marketable securities” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

At July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010, Autodesk owned two auction rate securities with an estimated fair value of $7.6 million. Autodesk’s auction rate securities are variable rate debt instruments that have underlying securities with contractual maturities greater than ten years and interest rates that were structured to reset at auction every 28 days. The securities, which met Autodesk’s investment guidelines at the time the investments were made, have failed to settle in auctions since August 2007 and have earned a premium interest rate since that time. While Autodesk expects to recover substantially all of its current holdings, net of reserves, in the auction rate securities, it cannot predict when this will occur or the amount the Company will receive. Due to the lack of liquidity of these investments in an active market, they are included in non-current “Marketable securities” on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company will continue to evaluate its accounting for these investments quarterly.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of our available-for-sale marketable securities, classified by the contractual maturity date of the security as of July 31, 2010:

Contractual maturities of types of securities

 

     July 31, 2010
     Cost    Fair Value

Due in 1 year

   $ 207.8    $ 207.9

Due in 1 year through 5 years

     174.3      176.5

Due in 5 years through 10 years

     —        —  

Due after 10 years

     7.6      7.6
             

Total

   $ 389.7    $ 392.0
             

As of July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010, Autodesk did not have any securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for greater than 12 months.

Derivative Financial Instruments

Under its risk management strategy, Autodesk uses derivative instruments to manage its short-term exposures to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, which exist as part of ongoing international business operations. Autodesk’s general practice is to use two types of derivative instruments, option collars and forward contracts, to hedge a majority of transaction exposures denominated in euros, Japanese yen, Swiss francs, British pounds and Canadian dollars. These instruments have maturities between 1 to 12 months in the future. Autodesk does not enter into any derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The bank counterparties in all contracts expose Autodesk to credit-related losses in the event of their nonperformance. However, to mitigate that risk, Autodesk only contracts with counterparties who meet the Company’s minimum requirements under its counterparty risk assessment process. Autodesk monitors ratings, credit spreads and potential downgrades on at least a quarterly basis. Based on Autodesk’s on-going assessment of counterparty risk, the Company will adjust its exposure to various counterparties. Autodesk does not have any master netting arrangements in place with collateral features.

Cash Flow Hedges

Autodesk utilizes foreign currency contracts to reduce the exchange rate impact on a portion of the net revenue or operating expense of certain anticipated transactions. These contracts, which are designated and documented as cash flow hedges, qualify for special hedge accounting treatment. The effectiveness of the cash flow hedge contracts is assessed quarterly using regression analysis as well as other timing and probability criteria. To receive special hedge accounting treatment, all hedging relationships are formally documented at the inception of the hedge and the hedges are expected to be highly effective in offsetting changes to future cash flows on hedged transactions. The gross gains and losses on these hedges are included in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” and are reclassified into earnings at the time the forecasted revenue or expense is recognized. In the event the underlying forecasted transaction does not occur, or it becomes probable that it will not occur, Autodesk reclassifies the gain or loss on the related cash flow hedge from “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” to “Interest and other income (expense), net” in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements at that time.

The notional amount of these contracts was $266.3 million at July 31, 2010 and $239.1 million at January 31, 2010. Outstanding contracts are recognized as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value. The entire net gain of $5.3 million remaining in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” as of July 31, 2010 is expected to be recognized into earnings within the next 12 months.

 

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Balance Sheet Hedges

In addition to the cash flow hedges described above, contracts which are not designated as hedging instruments are used to reduce the exchange rate risk associated primarily with receivables and payables. Forward contracts are marked-to-market at the end of each fiscal quarter, with gains and losses recognized as “Interest and other income (expense), net.” These derivative instruments do not subject the Company to material balance sheet risk due to exchange rate movements because gains and losses on these derivative instruments are intended to offset the gains or losses resulting from the settlement of the underlying foreign currency denominated receivables and payables. The notional amounts of foreign currency contracts were $8.9 million at July 31, 2010 and $19.6 million at January 31, 2010.

The fair value of derivative instruments in Autodesk’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows as of July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010.

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments in Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of July 31, 2010

 

     Derivative Assets    Derivative Liabilities
     Balance Sheet
Location
   Fair
Value
   Balance Sheet
Location
   Fair
Value

Foreign currency contracts designated as cash flow hedges

   Prepaid
expenses and
other current
assets
   $ 5.6    Other
accrued
liabilities
   $ 0.9

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

        —           —  
                   

Total derivatives

      $ 5.6       $ 0.9
                   

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments in Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 31, 2010

 

    

Derivative Assets

  

Derivative Liabilities

    

Balance Sheet
Location

   Fair
Value
  

Balance Sheet
Location

   Fair
Value

Foreign currency contracts designated as cash flow hedges

   Prepaid expenses and other current assets    $ 4.3    Other accrued liabilities    $ 0.4

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

        —           —  
                   

Total derivatives

      $ 4.3       $ 0.4
                   

The effects of derivative instruments on Autodesk’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows for the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively (amounts presented include any income tax effects).

Effects of Derivative Instruments on Income and Other Comprehensive Income (“OCI”) Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments

 

For the Three Months Ended July 31, 2010    Amount of Gain
(Loss) Recognized in
Accumulated OCI  on
Derivatives (Effective Portion)
   Amount and Location of  Gain
(Loss) Reclassified from
Accumulated OCI into
Income (Effective Portion)
   Amount and Location of Gain
(Loss) Recognized in Income  on
Derivatives (Ineffective Portion
and Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing)

Foreign exchange contracts

   $ 2.0    $ 6.1    Net revenue    $             0.3    Interest and other
income (expense), net
        —      Operating expenses      
                          

Total

   $ 2.0    $ 6.1       $ 0.3   
                          

 

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For the Six Months Ended July 31, 2010    Amount of Gain
(Loss) Recognized in
Accumulated OCI  on
Derivatives (Effective Portion)
    Amount and Location of
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from
Accumulated OCI into

Income (Effective Portion)
   Amount and Location of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income on Derivatives
(Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded
from Effectiveness Testing)

Foreign exchange contracts

   $ 12.9      $ 9.5      Net revenue    $             0.2    Interest and other income (expense), net
       0.5      Operating expenses      
                            

Total

   $ 12.9      $ 10.0         $ 0.2   
                            
For the Three Months Ended July 31, 2009    Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Accumulated
OCI on Derivatives (Effective
Portion)
    Amount and Location of Gain
(Loss) Reclassified from
Accumulated OCI into Income
(Effective Portion)
   Amount and Location of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income on Derivatives
(Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded
from Effectiveness Testing) (1)

Foreign exchange contracts

   $ (7.7   $ (2.0   Net revenue    $ 0.6    Interest and other income (expense), net
       0.9      Operating expenses      
                            

Total

   $ (7.7   $ (1.1      $ 0.6   
                            
For the Six Months Ended July 31, 2009    Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Accumulated
OCI on Derivatives (Effective
Portion)
    Amount and Location of Gain
(Loss) Reclassified from
Accumulated OCI into Income
(Effective Portion)
   Amount and Location of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income on Derivatives
(Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded
from Effectiveness Testing) (1)

Foreign exchange contracts

   $ (3.0   $ (1.2   Net revenue    $ 1.6    Interest and other income (expense), net
       0.7      Operating expenses      
                            

Total

   $ (3.0   $ (0.5      $ 1.6   
                            

 

(1)

Includes $0.4 million and $1.0 million recognized for the three and six months ended July 31, 2009, respectively, due to previously forecasted transactions that did not occur within the originally specified time period or the additional period of time allowed.

 

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments    Amount and Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in
Income on Derivative

For the Three Months Ended July 31, 2010

    

Foreign exchange contracts

   $ 1.1      Interest and other income (expense), net
          

For the Six Months Ended July 31, 2010

    

Foreign exchange contracts

   $ (0.6   Interest and other income (expense), net
          

For the Three Months Ended July 31, 2009

    

Foreign exchange contracts

   $ (1.6   Interest and other income (expense), net
          

For the Six Months Ended July 31, 2009

    

Foreign exchange contracts

   $ —        Interest and other income (expense), net
          

 

5. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received upon the sale of an asset, or the amount paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, Autodesk uses a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: (Level 1) observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; (Level 2) inputs other than the quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly in active markets; and (Level 3) unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which requires Autodesk to develop its own assumptions. Whenever possible, Autodesk uses observable market data, and relies on unobservable inputs only when observable market data is not available, when determining fair value. On a recurring basis, Autodesk measures at fair value certain financial assets and liabilities, which consist of cash equivalents, marketable securities and foreign currency contracts.

The Company’s investment held in the International Fund is designated as a Level 3 security. The Company conducted its fair value assessment of the International Fund using Level 1 and Level 3 inputs. Management has reviewed the International Fund’s underlying portfolio, which is substantially comprised of cash deposited into the U.S. District Court’s Registry at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Normally, the Company would classify such investments within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Management

 

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evaluated the fair value of its unit interest in the International Fund, considering risk of collection, timing and other factors. These assumptions are inherently subjective and involve significant management judgment. As a result, the Company has classified its holdings in the International Fund within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Autodesk’s investments in auction rate securities are classified within Level 3 because they are valued using a discounted cash flow model, and some of the inputs to this model are unobservable in the market. There have been no significant changes in the valuation input assumptions since January 31, 2010.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table summarizes Autodesk’s investments and financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of July 31, 2010:

 

     Fair Value Measurements at July 31, 2010 Using
     Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
    
     (Level 1)    (Level 2)    (Level 3)    Total

Assets

           

Cash equivalents (1):

           

Certificates of deposit and time deposits

   $ 38.0    $ 264.2    $ —      $ 302.2

Commercial paper

     —        196.5      —        196.5

Money market funds

     —        63.2      —        63.2

Marketable securities:

           

Commercial paper and corporate securities

     195.5      34.5      —        230.0

U.S. government agency securities

     58.5      —        —        58.5

U.S. treasury securities

     31.4      —        —        31.4

Certificates of deposit and time deposits

     25.0      4.5      —        29.5

Mutual funds

     28.7      —        —        28.7

Sovereign debt

     —        13.0      —        13.0

Municipal securities

     11.7      —        —        11.7

Money market funds

     —        —        10.0      10.0

Taxable auction-rate securities

     —        —        7.6      7.6

Other

     0.3      —        —        0.3

Foreign currency derivative contracts (2)

     —        5.6      —        5.6
                           

Total

   $ 389.1    $ 581.5    $ 17.6    $ 988.2
                           

Liabilities

           

Foreign currency derivative contracts (3)

     —        0.9      —        0.9
                           

Total

   $ —      $ 0.9    $ —      $ 0.9
                           

 

(1)

Included in “Cash and cash equivalents” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2)

Included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3)

Included in “Other accrued liabilities” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

 

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The following table summarizes Autodesk’s investments and financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of January 31, 2010:

 

      Fair Value Mesurements at January 31, 2010 Using
     Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
    
     (Level 1)    (Level 2)    (Level 3)    Total

Assets

           

Cash equivalents (1):

           

Certificates of deposit and time deposits

   $ 64.0    $ 208.8    $ —      $ 272.8

Commercial paper

     —        299.5      —        299.5

Money market funds

     —        49.4      —        49.4

Municipal securities

     0.8      —        —        0.8

Marketable securities:

           

Commercial paper and corporate securities

     115.9      69.0      —        184.9

Mutual funds

     26.3      —        —        26.3

Certificates of deposit and time deposits

     20.0      4.6      —        24.6

U.S. government agency securities

     18.0      —        —        18.0

Municipal securities

     10.5      —        —        10.5

Money market funds

     —        —        10.0      10.0

Taxable auction-rate securities

     —        —        7.6      7.6

U.S. treasury securities and sovereign debt

     5.2      —        —        5.2

Other

     0.4      —        —        0.4

Foreign currency derivative contracts (2)

     —        4.3      —        4.3
                           

Total

   $ 261.1    $ 635.6    $ 17.6    $ 914.3
                           

Liabilities

           

Foreign currency derivative contracts (3)

     —        0.4      —        0.4
                           

Total

   $ —      $ 0.4    $ —      $ 0.4
                           

 

(1)

Included in “Cash and cash equivalents” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2)

Included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3)

Included in “Other accrued liabilities” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

 

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Autodesk’s cash equivalents and marketable securities are primarily classified within Level 1 or Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued primarily using quoted market prices, or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs with reasonable levels of price transparency. A reconciliation of the change in Autodesk’s Level 3 items for the six months ended July 31, 2010 was as follows:

 

     Fair Value Measurements Using
Significant Unobservable Inputs
     (Level 3)
     Money Market
Funds
   Taxable
Auction-

Rate
Securities
   Total

Balance at January 31, 2010

   $ 10.0    $ 7.6    $ 17.6

Redemptions

     —        —        —  
                    

Balance at July 31, 2010

   $ 10.0    $ 7.6    $ 17.6
                    

 

6. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Plans

As of July 31, 2010, Autodesk maintained two active stock plans for the purpose of granting stock awards to employees and to non-employee members of Autodesk’s Board of Directors: the 2008 Employee Stock Plan, as amended and restated (“2008 Plan”), which is available only to employees, and the 2010 Outside Directors’ Option Plan, as amended (“2010 Plan”), which is available only to non-employee directors. Additionally, there are seven expired or terminated plans with options outstanding. The exercise price of all stock options granted under these plans was equal to the fair market value of the stock on the grant date.

The 2008 Plan was originally approved by Autodesk’s stockholders in November 2007. On June 10, 2010, Autodesk’s stockholders approved amendments to the 2008 Plan, which increased the number of shares reserved for issuance under the plan by 15.5 million shares, in addition to 0.5 million shares that remained available for issuance under the plan prior to the amendment, and extended the term of the plan to June 2013. The 2008 Plan permits the grant of stock options, restricted stock units and restricted stock awards; however, no more than 2.5 million of the shares reserved for issuance under the 2008 Plan may be issued pursuant to awards of restricted stock and restricted stock units. Options and restricted stock units granted under the 2008 Plan vest over periods ranging from immediately upon grant to over a four year period and options expire within four to ten years from the date of grant. At July 31, 2010, 16.0 million shares were available for future issuance under the 2008 Plan. The 2008 Plan will expire in June 2013.

The 2010 Plan, which was approved by the stockholders and replaced the 2000 Directors’ Option Plan (“2000 Plan”) in June 2009, became effective March 16, 2010. The 2010 Plan permits the grant of stock options and restricted stock awards to non-employee members of Autodesk’s Board of Directors. Options and awards granted under the 2010 Plan vest over periods ranging from one year to over a four year period and options expire within seven years from the date of grant. The 2010 Plan reserved 2.5 million shares of Autodesk common stock, plus 0.5 million shares that remained available for issuance under the 2000 Plan. At July 31, 2010, 2.8 million shares were available for future issuance. The 2010 Plan will expire in March 2020.

The following sections, Stock Options and Restricted Stock, summarize activity under Autodesk’s stock plans.

 

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Stock Options:

A summary of stock option activity for the six months ended July 31, 2010 was as follows:

 

     Number of
Shares
    Weighted
Average Price
per Share
     (in thousands)      

Options outstanding at January 31, 2010

   29,083      $ 27.56

Granted

   6,400        29.42

Exercised

   (1,060     13.70

Cancelled

   (802     32.19
        

Options outstanding at July 31, 2010

   33,621      $ 28.25
        

Options exercisable at July 31, 2010

   20,395      $ 29.86
        

Options available for grant at July 31, 2010

   18,807     
        

The total pre-tax intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009 was $4.5 million and $11.2 million, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, the total pre-tax intrinsic value of options exercised was $16.5 million and $12.8 million, respectively. The intrinsic value of options exercised is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the option and the market value of the stock on the date of exercise. The weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, calculated as of the stock option grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, was $8.51 and $8.38 per share, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted during the six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, calculated as of the stock option grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, was $9.15 and $6.08 per share, respectively. As of July 31, 2010, total compensation costs of $78.3 million related to non-vested options is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.3 years.

The following table summarizes information about options outstanding and exercisable at July 31, 2010:

 

     Options Exercisable    Options Outstanding
     Number of
Shares

(in Thousands)
   Weighted
Average
Contractual
Life

(in Years)
   Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value(1)

(in Millions)
   Number of
Shares

(in Thousands)
   Weighted
Average
Contractual
Life
(in Years)
   Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value(1)
(in Millions)

Range of per-share exercise prices:

                       

$0.61 — $16.53

   4,723       $ 11.12       8,732       $ 12.78   

$17.37 — $29.49

   3,507         23.84       9,218         26.77   

$29.50 — $35.00

   3,845         32.14       6,757         31.81   

$35.30 — $45.29

   7,694         41.46       8,121         41.61   

$47.24 — $49.80

   626         48.41       793         48.59   
                           
   20,395    2.9    $ 29.86    $ 107.0    33,621    4.0    $ 28.25    $ 172.0
                           

 

(1)

Represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value, based on Autodesk’s closing stock price of $29.54 per share as of July 31, 2010, which would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date.

These options will expire if not exercised prior to specific dates ranging through June 2017.

 

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Restricted Stock:

A summary of restricted stock award and restricted stock unit activity for the six months ended July 31, 2010 was as follows:

 

     Unreleased
Restricted
Stock
 
     (in thousands)  

Unreleased restricted stock at January 31, 2010

   855   

Awarded

   67   

Released

   (30

Forfeited

   (4
      

Unreleased restricted stock at July 31, 2010

   888   
      

During the six months ended July 31, 2010, Autodesk granted approximately 44,000 restricted stock units under the 2008 Plan. The restricted stock units vest over periods ranging from immediately upon grant to the third anniversary of the date of grant. Restricted stock units are not considered outstanding stock at the time of grant, as the holders of these units are not entitled to any of the rights of a stockholder, including voting rights. The fair value of the restricted stock is expensed ratably over the vesting period. Autodesk recorded share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units of $2.2 million and $3.9 million during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively. Autodesk recorded share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units of $0.3 million and $0.5 million during the three and six months ended July 31, 2009, respectively. As of July 31, 2010, total compensation cost related to non-vested awards not yet recognized of $10.1 million is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.4 years. At July 31, 2010, the number of units granted but unreleased was approximately 865,000.

During the six months ended July 31, 2010, Autodesk granted approximately 23,000 restricted stock awards under the 2010 Plan. Restricted stock awards granted under the 2010 Plan vest on the first anniversary of the date of grant. Restricted stock awards are considered outstanding at the time of grant, as the stock award holders are entitled to many of the rights of a stockholder, including voting rights. The fair value of the restricted stock is expensed ratably over the vesting period. Autodesk recorded share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards of $0.3 million and $0.4 million during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, and $0.3 million and $0.4 million during the three and six months ended July 31, 2009, respectively. As of July 31, 2010, total compensation cost related to non-vested awards not yet recognized of $0.5 million is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.9 years. At July 31, 2010, the number of awards granted but unreleased was approximately 23,000.

1998 Employee Qualified Stock Purchase Plan (“ESP Plan”)

Under Autodesk’s ESP Plan, which was approved by stockholders in 1998, eligible employees may purchase shares of Autodesk’s common stock at their discretion using up to 15% of their compensation subject to certain limitations, at not less than 85% of fair market value as defined in the ESP Plan (“ESP Plan fair market value”). At July 31, 2010, a total of 29.3 million shares were available for future issuance. This amount automatically increases on the first trading day of each fiscal year by an amount equal to the lesser of 10 million shares or 2.0% of the total of (1) outstanding shares plus (2) any shares repurchased by Autodesk during the prior fiscal year. Under the ESP Plan, the Company issues shares on the first trading day following March 31 and September 30 of each fiscal year. The ESP Plan will expire in January 2018.

Autodesk issued 1.7 million shares under the ESP Plan during each of the six month periods ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, at average prices of $14.65 and $14.29 per share, respectively in each case. The weighted average grant date fair values of awards granted under the ESP Plan during the six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, calculated as of the award grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, were $6.90 and $7.17 per share, respectively.

At July 31, 2010, a total of 48.1 million shares of Autodesk’s common stock have been reserved for future issuance under existing stock option and stock purchase plans.

 

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Stock-based Compensation Expense

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, as follows:

 

     Three Months
Ended July 31,
2010
    Three Months
Ended July 31,
2009
 

Cost of license and other revenue

   $ 0.7      $ 0.7   

Marketing and sales

     9.2        9.5   

Research and development

     7.2        7.1   

General and administrative

     3.9        4.0   
                

Stock-based compensation expense related to stock awards and ESP Plan purchases

     21.0        21.3   

Tax benefit

     (5.3     (4.5
                

Stock-based compensation expense related to stock awards and ESP Plan purchases, net of tax

   $ 15.7      $ 16.8   
                
     Six Months
Ended July 31,
2010
    Six Months
Ended July 31,
2009
 

Cost of license and other revenue

   $ 1.5      $ 1.3   

Marketing and sales

     19.8        19.0   

Research and development

     15.5        14.2   

General and administrative

     8.5        9.9   
                

Stock-based compensation expense related to stock awards and ESP Plan purchases

     45.3        44.4   

Tax benefit

     (12.1     (10.0
                

Stock-based compensation expense related to stock awards and ESP Plan purchases, net of tax

   $ 33.2      $ 34.4   
                

Autodesk used the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of stock-based awards and the fair value of awards under the ESP Plan based on the following assumptions:

 

     Three Months
Ended July  31, 2010
  Three Months
Ended July 31, 2009
     Stock Option
Plans
  ESP Plan   Stock Option
Plans
  ESP Plan

Range of expected volatilities

   0.41 - 0.44   0.33 - 0.45   0.50 - 0.52   0.58 - 0.73

Range of expected lives (in years)

   2.7 - 3.8   0.50 - 2.0   2.7 - 4.0   0.50 - 2.0

Expected dividends

   0%   0%   0%   0%

Range of risk-free interest rates

   0.98 - 1.61%   0.24 - 1.05%   1.66 - 2.42%   0.42 - 0.86%

Expected forfeitures

   10.5%   10.5%   13.5%   13.5%
     Six Months
Ended July 31, 2010
  Six Months
Ended July 31, 2009
     Stock Option
Plans
  ESP Plan   Stock Option
Plans
  ESP Plan

Range of expected volatilities

   0.40 - 0.44   0.33 - 0.45   0.50 - 0.55   0.58 - 0.73

Range of expected lives (in years)

   2.7 - 3.8   0.50 - 2.0   2.7 - 4.0   0.50 - 2.0

Expected dividends

   0%   0%   0%   0%

Range of risk-free interest rates

   0.98 - 1.85%   0.24 - 1.05%   1.21 - 2.42%   0.42 - 0.86%

Range of expected forfeitures

   10.5 - 13.5%   10.5 - 13.5%   13.5%   13.5%

Autodesk measures all stock-based payments to employees and directors, including grants of employee stock options, employee stock purchases related to the ESP Plan, and restricted stock units and restricted stock, using a fair-value based method, and records

 

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the expense in Autodesk’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The estimated fair value of stock-based awards is amortized to expense on a straight-line basis over the awards’ vesting period.

Autodesk estimates expected volatility for stock-based awards granted under the Company’s stock plans and ESP Plan awards based on the average of two measures. The first is a measure of historical volatility in the trading market for the Company’s common stock, and the second is the implied volatility of traded forward call options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock.

Autodesk estimates the expected life of stock-based awards granted under the Company’s stock plans using both exercise behavior and post-vesting termination behavior, as well as consideration of outstanding options.

Autodesk does not currently pay, and does not anticipate paying, any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Consequently, an expected dividend yield of zero is used in the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model.

The risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model for stock-based awards granted under the Company’s stock plans and ESP Plan awards is the historical yield on U.S. Treasury securities with equivalent remaining lives.

Autodesk only recognizes expense for the stock-based awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Therefore, Autodesk has developed an estimate of the number of awards expected to cancel prior to vesting (“forfeiture rate”). The forfeiture rate is estimated based on historical pre-vest cancellation experience, and is applied to all stock-based awards. The Company estimates forfeitures at the time of grant and revises those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

 

7. Income Taxes

Autodesk’s effective tax rate was 25% and 24% during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively. Autodesk’s effective tax rate was 22% during the three months ended July 31, 2009 and negative 256% during the six months ended July 31, 2009. Autodesk’s effective tax rate increased 3% during the three months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to comparatively less discrete tax benefits associated with stock options recorded during the three months ended July 31, 2010. Autodesk’s effective tax rate during the six months ended July 31, 2010 differs from the effective tax rate during the same period of the prior fiscal year primarily due to a $20.9 million discrete non-cash tax charge as a result of a change in expected future tax rates and establishment of a valuation allowance against certain California deferred tax assets recorded during the first quarter of fiscal 2010 and partially offset by a discrete tax benefit of $7.7 million associated with the impairment of goodwill recorded during the first quarter of fiscal 2010. During the first quarter of fiscal 2010, the State of California enacted legislation significantly altering California tax law. As a result of the legislation, we expect that in fiscal years 2012 and beyond, income subject to tax in California will be less than under prior tax law and accordingly, deferred tax assets are less likely to be realized. Excluding the impact of discrete tax items, the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 was lower than the Federal statutory tax rate of 35% primarily due to foreign income taxed at lower rates partially offset by the impact of stock-based compensation expense.

As of July 31, 2010, the Company had $182.5 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest, of which approximately $169.8 million represents the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that would impact the effective tax rate, if recognized. The remaining $12.7 million relates to items that would result in balance sheet reclassification with no impact to income tax expense. It is possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change in the next twelve months; however an estimate of the range of the possible change cannot be made at this time.

At July 31, 2010, Autodesk had net deferred tax assets of $156.7 million. The Company believes that it will generate sufficient future taxable income in appropriate tax jurisdictions to realize these assets.

 

8. Deferred Compensation

At July 31, 2010, Autodesk had marketable securities totaling $420.7 million, of which $28.7 million related to investments in debt and equity securities that are held in a rabbi trust under non-qualified deferred compensation plans. The total related deferred compensation liability was $28.7 million at July 31, 2010, of which $1.3 million was classified as current and $27.4 million was classified as non-current liabilities. The value of debt and equity securities held in the rabbi trust at January 31, 2010 was $26.3 million. The total related deferred compensation liability at January 31, 2010 was $26.3 million, of which $1.1 million was classified as current and $25.2 million was classified as non-current liabilities. The current and non-current portions of the liability are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets under “Accrued compensation” and “Other liabilities,” respectively.

 

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9. Computer Equipment, Software, Furniture and Leasehold Improvements, Net

Computer software and hardware, leasehold improvements, furniture and equipment and the related accumulated depreciation were as follows:

 

     July 31,
2010
    January 31,
2010
 

Computer software, at cost

   $ 129.3      $ 127.3   

Computer hardware, at cost

     114.4        108.5   

Leasehold improvements, land and buildings, at cost

     113.2        113.7   

Furniture and equipment, at cost

     42.4        42.9   
                
     399.3        392.4   

Less: Accumulated depreciation

     (310.8     (290.8
                

Computer software, hardware, leasehold improvements, furniture and equipment, net

   $ 88.5      $ 101.6   
                

 

10. Other Intangible Assets, Net

Other intangible assets include purchased technologies, customer relationships, trade names and the related accumulated amortization were as follows:

 

     July 31,
2010
    January 31,
2010
 

Purchased technologies, at cost (1)

   $ 312.9      $ 311.5   

Customer relationships and trade names, at cost (2)

     177.5        176.5   

Less: Accumulated amortization

     (343.2     (314.9
                

Other intangible assets, net

   $ 147.2      $ 173.1   
                

 

(1)

Purchased technologies include $4.3 million of in-process research and development technology as of July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010. In-process research and development technology is an indefinite lived asset that is held and tested at least annually for impairment until such time that technological feasibility is achieved. Once technological feasibility is achieved, the technology will be amortized to expense over an applicable useful life.

(2)

Customer relationships and trade names are included in “Other assets” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

 

11. Goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the six months ended July 31, 2010 were as follows:

 

     Platform
Solutions and
Emerging
Business
    Architecture,
Engineering and
Construction
    Manufacturing     Media and
Entertainment
   Total  

Balance as of January 31, 2010

   $ 40.2      $ 224.8      $ 277.9      $ —      $ 542.9   

Addition arising from acquisitions

     —          —          —          5.5      5.5   

Effect of foreign currency translation, purchase accounting adjustments and other

     (0.1     (2.1     (0.5     —        (2.7
                                       

Balance as of July 31, 2010

   $ 40.1      $ 222.7      $ 277.4      $ 5.5    $ 545.7   
                                       

Autodesk assesses goodwill annually for impairment in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year or sooner should events or changes in circumstances indicate potential impairment. When assessing goodwill for impairment, Autodesk uses discounted cash flow models that include assumptions regarding projected cash flows (“Income Approach”) and corroborates it with the estimated consideration that the Company would receive if there were to be a sale of the reporting segment (“Market Approach”). Variances in these assumptions could have a significant impact on Autodesk’s conclusion as to whether goodwill is impaired, or the amount of any impairment charge. Impairment charges, if any, result from instances where the fair values of net assets associated with goodwill are less than their carrying values. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is subjective and requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis. The value of Autodesk’s goodwill could also be impacted by future adverse changes such as: (i) declines in Autodesk’s actual operating results, (ii) a sustained decline in Autodesk’s market capitalization, (iii) significant

 

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slowdown in the worldwide economy or the industries Autodesk serves, or (iv) changes in Autodesk’s business strategy or internal operating results forecasts. As of July 31, 2010, a hypothetical 10% decrease in the fair value of our Platform Solutions and Emerging Business; Manufacturing; Architecture, Engineering and Construction; or Media and Entertainment reporting units would not have an impact on the carrying value, nor result in impairment, of goodwill for the respective reporting units.

 

12. Borrowing Arrangements

Autodesk’s U.S. line of credit facility permits unsecured short-term borrowings of up to $250.0 million and is available for working capital or other business needs. The credit agreement contains customary covenants, which could restrict liens, certain types of additional debt and dispositions of assets if Autodesk fails to maintain its financial covenants. The line of credit is syndicated with various financial institutions, including Citicorp USA, Inc., a Citibank affiliate, which is the lead lender and agent. Autodesk had no outstanding borrowings on this line at July 31, 2010. This facility expires in August 2012.

During the quarter ended July 31, 2010, Autodesk terminated its $5.0 million China line of credit because it was no longer needed.

 

13. Restructuring Reserve

During the first quarter of fiscal 2011, Autodesk initiated a restructuring plan in order to further reduce operating costs. The restructuring plan is expected to result in targeted staff reductions of approximately 210 to 230 positions. In connection with the restructuring plan, Autodesk expects to record restructuring charges of approximately $10.0 million to $12.0 million. No leased facilities were consolidated as part of this restructuring (“Fiscal 2011 Plan”).

In connection with the Fiscal 2011 Plan, during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 Autodesk reduced the number of employees by approximately 50 positions and 170 positions, respectively, and recorded restructuring charges of $3.5 million and $10.6 million, respectively, which primarily related to one-time employee termination benefits. The remainder of the termination benefits will be substantially paid during fiscal 2011. In connection with the fiscal 2009 and 2010 restructuring plans, Autodesk expects to pay the facility related liabilities through fiscal 2018.

The following table summarizes the restructuring activity recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets during the six months ended July 31, 2010:

 

     Balance at
January 31, 2010
   Additions    Payments     Adjustments(1)     Balance at
July 31,  2010

Fiscal 2011 Plan

            

Employee Termination Costs

   $ —      $ 10.6    $ (8.4   $ —        $ 2.2

Fiscal 2010 Plan

            

Employee Termination Costs

     0.8      —        (0.8     —          —  

Lease Termination and Asset Costs

     6.1      —        (2.4     (0.3     3.4

Fiscal 2009 Plan

            

Employee Termination Costs

     1.0      —        (0.2     (0.8     —  

Lease Termination and Asset Costs

     8.2      0.2      (2.9     (0.9     4.6

Other

            

Employee Termination Costs

     0.4      —        (0.3     (0.1     —  

Lease Termination and Asset Costs

     2.9      —        (0.5     (0.1     2.3
                                    
   $ 19.4    $ 10.8    $ (15.5   $ (2.2   $ 12.5
                                    

Current portion(2)

   $ 11.4           $ 7.7

Non-current portion(2)

     8.0             4.8
                    
   $ 19.4           $ 12.5
                    

 

(1)

Adjustments include the impact of foreign currency translation.

(2)

The current and non-current portion of the reserve is recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet under “Other accrued liabilities” and “Other liabilities,” respectively.

 

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14. Commitments and Contingencies

Guarantees and Indemnifications

In the normal course of business, Autodesk provides indemnifications of varying scopes, including limited product warranties and indemnification of customers against claims of intellectual property infringement made by third parties arising from the use of Autodesk’s products or services. Autodesk accrues for known indemnification issues if a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. Historically, costs related to these indemnifications have not been significant, but because potential future costs are highly variable, Autodesk is unable to estimate the maximum potential effect of these indemnifications on its future results of operations.

In connection with the purchase, sale or license transactions of assets or businesses with third parties, Autodesk has received or assumed customary indemnification agreements related to the assets or businesses purchased, sold or licensed. Historically, costs related to indemnifications or guarantees assumed have not been significant, but because potential future costs are highly variable, Autodesk is unable to estimate the maximum potential effect of these indemnifications on its future results of operations.

As permitted under Delaware law, Autodesk has agreements whereby it indemnifies its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving at Autodesk’s request in such capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments Autodesk could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, Autodesk has Directors’ and Officers’ Liability insurance coverage that is intended to reduce its financial exposure and may enable Autodesk to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. Autodesk believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification agreements in excess of applicable insurance coverage is not significant.

Legal Proceedings

Autodesk is involved in a variety of claims, suits, investigations and proceedings in the normal course of business activities including claims of alleged infringement of intellectual property rights, commercial, employment, piracy prosecution and other matters. In the Company’s opinion, resolution of pending matters is not expected to have a material adverse impact on its consolidated results of operations, cash flows or its financial position. However, it is possible that an unfavorable resolution of one or more such proceedings could in the future materially affect its future results of operations, cash flows or financial position in a particular period.

 

15. Common Stock Repurchase Program

Autodesk has a stock repurchase program that helps offset the dilution to net income per share caused by the issuance of stock under the Company’s employee stock plans and returns excess cash generated from its business to stockholders. The number of shares acquired and the timing of the purchases are based on several factors, including general market conditions, the volume of employee stock option exercises and the issuance of shares through our ESP Plan, the pool of existing outstanding options and the grant of new options, the trading price of Autodesk common stock, cash on hand and available in the United States, and company defined trading windows.

During the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, Autodesk repurchased 2.5 million and 4.5 million respective shares of its common stock on the open market at average repurchase prices of $28.15 per share and $28.70 per share, respectively, and subsequently retired those shares. Common stock and additional paid-in capital and retained earnings were reduced by $36.5 million and $33.9 million, respectively, during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as a result of the stock repurchases. Common stock and additional paid-in-capital and retained earnings were reduced by $63.3 million and $65.9 million, respectively, during the six months ended July 31, 2010. As of July 31, 2010, 9.0 million shares remained available for repurchase under this program.

 

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16. Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The components of other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes, were as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
July 31,
    Six Months Ended
July 31,
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Net income (loss)

   $ 59.9      $ 10.5      $ 96.8      $ (21.7

Other comprehensive income (loss)

        

Net gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net of taxes

     (4.1     (7.1     3.0        (3.8

Change in net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax

     1.2        0.2        0.9        0.2   

Net change in cumulative foreign currency translation gain (loss)

     1.1        15.2        (3.3     13.5   
                                

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

     (1.8     8.3        0.6        9.9   
                                

Total comprehensive income (loss)

   $ 58.1      $ 18.8      $ 97.4      $ (11.8
                                

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes, was comprised of the following:

 

     July 31,
2010
    January 31,
2010
 

Net gain on derivative instruments

   $ 5.3      $ 2.3   

Net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities

     2.4        1.5   

Unfunded portion of pension plans

     (5.9     (5.9

Foreign currency translation adjustments

     (4.7     (1.4
                

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

   $ (2.9   $ (3.5
                

 

17. Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period, including restricted stock awards and excluding unvested stock options and restricted stock units. Diluted net income (loss) per share is based upon the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding for the period and potentially dilutive common shares, including the effect of stock options and restricted stock units under the treasury stock method. The following table sets forth the computation of the numerators and denominators used in the basic and diluted net income per share amounts:

 

     Three Months Ended
July 31,
   Six Months Ended
July 31,
 
     2010    2009    2010    2009  

Numerator:

           

Net income (loss)

   $ 59.9    $ 10.5    $ 96.8    $ (21.7
                             

Denominator:

           

Denominator for basic net income (loss) per share - weighted average shares

     228.0      228.9      228.5      228.0   

Effect of dilutive securities

     5.8      3.4      6.0      —     
                             

Denominator for dilutive net income (loss) per share

     233.8      232.3      234.5      228.0   
                             

Basic net income (loss) per share

   $ 0.26    $ 0.05    $ 0.42    $ (0.09
                             

Diluted net income (loss) per share

   $ 0.25    $ 0.05    $ 0.41    $ (0.09
                             

The computation of diluted net income (loss) per share does not include shares that are anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method. For the three months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, 22.8 million and 22.3 million potentially anti-dilutive weighted shares, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share because their exercise prices were higher than the average market value of Autodesk’s stock during the period. For the six months ended July 31, 2010, 21.1 million potentially anti-dilutive weighted shares were excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share because their exercise prices were higher than the average market value of Autodesk’s stock during the period. For the six months ended July 31, 2010, Autodesk was in a net loss position. Therefore, all 31.4 million outstanding options and awards were considered anti-dilutive and excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share.

 

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18. Segments

Autodesk reports segment information based on the “management” approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by management for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of the Company’s reportable segments. Autodesk has four reportable segments: Platform Solutions and Emerging Business (“PSEB”), Architecture, Engineering and Construction (“AEC”), Manufacturing (“MFG”) and Media and Entertainment (“M&E”). Autodesk has no material inter-segment revenue.

The PSEB, AEC and MFG segments derive revenue from the sale of licenses for software products and services to customers who design, build, manage or own building, manufacturing and infrastructure projects. The M&E segment derives revenue from the sale of products to creative professionals, post-production facilities, and broadcasters for a variety of applications, including feature films, television programs, commercials, music and corporate videos, interactive game production, web design and interactive web streaming.

PSEB includes Autodesk’s horizontal design product, its AutoCAD product. Autodesk’s AutoCAD product is a platform product that underpins the Company’s vertical design product offerings for the industries it serves. For example, AEC and MFG offer tailored versions of AutoCAD software for the industries they serve. Autodesk’s AutoCAD product also provides a platform for Autodesk’s developer partners to build custom solutions for a range of diverse design-oriented markets. PSEB’s revenue primarily includes revenue from sales of licenses of Autodesk’s horizontal design products, AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT, as well as many of Autodesk’s vertical design products.

AEC software products help to improve the way building, civil infrastructure, process plant and construction projects are designed, built and managed. A broad portfolio of solutions enables greater efficiency, accuracy and sustainability across the entire project lifecycle. Autodesk AEC solutions include advanced technology for building information modeling (“BIM”), AutoCAD-based design and documentation productivity software, and sustainable design analysis applications, and collaborative project management solutions. BIM, an integrated process for building and infrastructure design, analysis, documentation and construction, uses consistent, coordination information to improve communication and collaboration between the extended project team. AEC provides a comprehensive portfolio of BIM solutions that help customers deliver projects faster and more economically, while minimizing environmental impact. AEC’s revenue primarily includes revenue from the sales of licenses of Autodesk Revit, AutoCAD Civil 3D, AutoCAD Architecture and AutoCAD Map 3D products.

MFG provides the manufacturers in automotive and transportation, industrial machinery, consumer products and building products with comprehensive digital prototyping solutions that brings together design data from all phases of the product development process to develop a single digital model created in Autodesk Inventor software. Autodesk’s solutions for digital prototyping enable a broad group of manufacturers to realize benefits with minimal disruption to existing workflows. MFG’s revenue primarily includes revenue from the sales of licenses of Autodesk Inventor, AutoCAD Mechanical and Autodesk Moldflow products.

M&E is comprised of two product groups: Animation, including design visualization, and Creative Finishing (formerly known as Advanced Systems). Animation products, such as Autodesk 3ds Max and Autodesk Maya, provide tools for digital sculpting, modeling, animation, effects, rendering, and compositing, for design visualization, visual effects and games production. Creative Finishing products provide editing, finishing and visual effects design and color grading.

All of Autodesk’s reportable segments distribute their respective products primarily through authorized resellers and distributors and, to a lesser extent, through direct sales to end-users. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 1, “Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of our 2010 Form 10-K. Autodesk evaluates each segment’s performance on the basis of gross profit. Autodesk currently does not separately accumulate and report asset information by segment, except for goodwill, which is disclosed in Note 11, “Goodwill.”

 

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Information concerning the operations of Autodesk’s reportable segments was as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
July 31,
    Six Months Ended
July 31,
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Net revenue:

        

Platform Solutions and Emerging Business

   $ 177.5      $ 149.6      $ 361.3      $ 305.3   

Architecture, Engineering and Construction

     133.1        122.9        269.9        251.1   

Manufacturing

     112.7        95.4        220.6        189.3   

Media and Entertainment

     49.5        46.7        95.6        94.6   

Other

     —          0.3        —          0.4   
                                
   $ 472.8      $ 414.9      $ 947.4      $ 840.7   
                                

Gross profit:

        

Platform Solutions and Emerging Business

   $ 168.0      $ 140.3      $ 341.5      $ 286.6   

Architecture, Engineering and Construction

     121.6        110.2        244.3        226.4   

Manufacturing

     105.1        87.5        205.0        173.7   

Media and Entertainment

     38.0        35.4        73.7        69.5   

Unallocated (1)

     (8.3     (8.6     (16.8     (17.9
                                
   $ 424.4      $ 364.8      $ 847.7      $ 738.3   
                                

 

(1)

Unallocated amounts primarily relate to corporate expenses and other costs and expenses that are managed outside the reportable segments, including amortization of purchased technology and stock-based compensation expense.

Information regarding Autodesk’s net revenue by geographic area was as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
July 31,
   Six Months Ended
July 31,
     2010    2009    2010    2009

Net revenue:

           

Americas

           

U.S.

   $ 136.1    $ 129.9    $ 266.6    $ 263.5

Other Americas

     32.3      29.5      63.0      59.4
                           

Total Americas

     168.4      159.4      329.6      322.9
                           

Europe, Middle East and Africa

     188.8      157.0      387.4      324.1
                           

Asia Pacific

           

Japan

     46.6      43.0      100.2      90.3

Other Asia Pacific

     69.0      55.5      130.2      103.4
                           

Total Asia Pacific

     115.6      98.5      230.4      193.7
                           

Total net revenue

   $ 472.8    $ 414.9    $ 947.4    $ 840.7
                           

 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The discussion in our MD&A contains trend analyses and other forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements are any statements that look to future events and consist of, among other things, our business strategies, business and sale model changes, anticipated future operating results and operating expenses, the impact of our restructuring activities, the impact of acquisitions and investment activities, the effect of fluctuations in exchange rates and our hedging strategy on our financial results, the impact of economic volatility and geopolitical activities in certain countries, particularly emerging economy countries, and the resulting effect on our financial results, and our ability to successfully expand adoption of our horizontal design products, our vertical design products and model-based design products. In addition, forward-looking statements also consist of statements involving expectations regarding product acceptance, continuation of our stock repurchase program, short-term and long-term cash requirements, cash flows from operations, and revenues from upgrades and our maintenance program, as well as, statements involving trend analyses and statements including such words as “may,” “believe,” “could,” “anticipate,” “would,” “might,” “plan,” “expect,” and similar expressions or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Form 10-Q and are subject to business and economic risks. As such, our actual results could differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements as a result of the factors set forth below in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” and in our other reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. We assume no obligation to update the forward-looking statements to reflect events that occur or circumstances that exist after the date on which they were made.

Strategy

Our goal is to be the world’s leading design, engineering, and entertainment software and services company for the architecture, engineering and construction, manufacturing, and digital media and entertainment markets. Worldwide business trends such as globalization, sustainability, investment in infrastructure, and the increasing desire to keep data digital, are creating pressure on our customers to improve innovation while enhancing productivity. We enable customer innovation by delivering the broadest portfolio of products and services for the digital design, visualization, and simulation of real-world project performance. Our products help our customers increase efficiency and productivity while solving business challenges. Our customers are seeking differentiation through design, and we believe our products provide them with a competitive advantage to succeed in this environment.

To achieve our goal, we believe that we can capitalize on our competitive advantages, including our ability to make technology available to mainstream markets. By innovating in existing technology categories, we bring powerful design products to volume markets. Our products are designed to be easy to learn and use and to provide customers low cost of deployment, low total cost of ownership and rapid return on their investment. In addition, our software architecture allows for extensibility and integration with other products. We believe that our technological leadership, brand recognition, breadth of product line and large installed base position us well for long-term growth.

We believe that our large global network of distributors and resellers, third-party developers, customers and students is also a competitive advantage. These relationships provide us with a broad reach into volume markets. Our distributor and reseller network is extensive and provides our customers with global resources for the purchase and support of our products as well as resources for effective and cost-efficient training services. We believe that our network of channel partners positions us well for longer-term growth. In addition, we have a significant number of registered third-party developers that create products that operate with our software products, further extending our reach into volume markets. Users trained on our products are broadly available from both educational institutions and the existing workforce providing us with a student community of next-generation professional users and reducing the cost of training for our customers. To train the next generation of users, we offer education programs, including classroom support, standardized curricula, instructor development, and specially priced software-licensing options.

Our strategy to grow over the long term derives from these core strengths. Our growth strategy includes continually increasing the business value of our design tools in a number of ways, and improving the performance and functionality of our existing products with each new release. Our most recent release began in March 2010. Beyond our non-industry or discipline specific horizontal design products, AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT, we develop products addressing industry or discipline-specific needs through our vertical design and model-based design product offerings. We continually strive to improve our product functionality and specialization by industry while increasing product interoperability and usability. We also strive to create innovative ways of delivering better user experiences to our customers. We believe this ultimately increases our customers’ satisfaction, increases the usefulness of our products to our customers and drives customer loyalty.

 

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We believe that expanding our horizontal design product customers’ portfolios to include our vertical design products and model-based design products presents a meaningful growth opportunity and is an important part of our overall strategy. For example, for each of the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, revenue from model-based design products increased 14%, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year, and represented 29% as a percentage of total revenue during each of the three and six month periods ended July 31, 2010 and 2009. We believe that the adoption of vertical design products and model-based design products by our customers in all industries will increase their productivity, as well as result in richer design data.

Expanding our geographic coverage is another key element of our growth strategy. We believe that emerging economies continue to present long-term growth opportunities for us. Revenue from emerging economies increased 13% and 14% during each of the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year. Revenue from emerging economies represented 15% of net revenue during each of the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009. While we believe there are long-term growth opportunities in emerging economies, conducting business in these countries presents significant challenges, including economic volatility, geopolitical risk, intellectual property protection and software piracy.

Our strategy includes improving our product functionality and expanding our product offerings through internal development as well as through the acquisition of products, technology and businesses. Acquisitions often increase the speed at which we can deliver product functionality to our customers; however, they entail integration challenges and may, in certain instances, negatively impact our operating margins. We continually review these trade-offs in making decisions regarding acquisitions. We currently anticipate that we will selectively acquire products, technology and businesses as compelling opportunities that promote our strategy become available, but the pace at which we make such investments will vary depending upon our business needs, the availability of suitable sellers and technology, and our own financial condition.

Global demand for our products improved during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the respective periods of the prior fiscal year. We began to see growth in the demand environment in many countries and markets, and global financial market growth, which has improved our business. We saw demand for our products and services increase in all of the geographies and industries we serve during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year. This has positively impacted our financial results. Our operating margins are very sensitive to changes in revenue, given the relatively fixed nature of most of our expenses, which consist primarily of employee-related expenditures, facilities costs, and depreciation and amortization expense. We took actions in fiscal 2010, and continue to take actions in fiscal 2011, to help improve our financial condition in fiscal 2011 and beyond. We believe that by continuing to execute our strategy we can achieve our goal of being the world’s leading design and engineering software and services company for the architecture, engineering, and construction, manufacturing, geospatial mapping, and digital media and entertainment markets.

Our strategy depends upon a number of assumptions, including that we will be able to continue making our technology available to mainstream markets; leverage our large global network of distributors and resellers, third-party developers, customers, and students; improve the performance and functionality of our products; and adequately protect our intellectual property. If the outcome of any of these assumptions differs from our expectations, we may not be able to implement our strategy, which could potentially adversely affect our business. For further discussion regarding these and related risks see Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). In preparing our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, we make assumptions, judgments and estimates that can have a significant impact on amounts reported in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. We base our assumptions, judgments and estimates on historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We regularly reevaluate our assumptions, judgments and estimates. We have described our significant accounting policies in Note 1, “Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010 (the “2010 Form 10-K”). In addition, we highlighted those policies that involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity with further discussion of these judgmental areas in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2010 Form 10-K. We believe these policies are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our financial condition and results of operations. Please refer to Note 1, “Business and Summary of

 

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Significant Accounting Policies,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2010 Form 10-K filed on March 19, 2010. Updates on the relevant periodic financial disclosures related to these policies are provided below.

Goodwill. Goodwill consists of the excess of cost over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations. As of July 31, 2010, a hypothetical 10% decrease in the fair value of our Platform Solutions and Emerging Business; Manufacturing; Architecture, Engineering and Construction or Media and Entertainment reporting units would not have an impact on the carrying value, nor result in impairment, of goodwill for the respective reporting units.

Product Returns Reserves. We permit our distributors and resellers to return products up to a percentage of prior quarter purchases. The product returns reserve is based on historical experience of actual product returns, estimated channel inventory levels, the timing of new product introductions and promotions, channel sell-in for applicable markets and other factors. Our product returns reserves were $10.5 million at July 31, 2010 and $11.8 million at January 31, 2010. Actual product returns as a percentage of applicable revenue were 4.4% and 5.5% for the three months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and 4.9% and 5.5% for the six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. During the three months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, we recorded additions to our product returns reserve of $10.4 million and $9.5 million, respectively, which reduced our revenue. During the six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, we recorded additions to our product returns reserve of $21.4 million and $21.9 million, respectively, which reduced our revenue.

Income Taxes. At July 31, 2010, we had $156.7 million of net deferred tax assets, primarily a result of tax credits, net operating losses, and timing differences for reserves, accrued liabilities, stock options, purchased technologies and capitalized software, partially offset by the establishment of U.S. deferred tax liabilities on unremitted earnings from certain foreign subsidiaries and acquired intangibles and valuation allowances against California and Canadian deferred tax assets. We perform a quarterly assessment of the recoverability of these net deferred tax assets and believe that we will generate sufficient future taxable income in appropriate tax jurisdictions to realize the net deferred tax assets. Our judgments regarding future profitability may change due to future market conditions and other factors. Any change in future profitability may require material adjustments to these net deferred tax assets, resulting in a reduction in net income in the period when such determination is made.

Overview of the Three and Six Months Ended July 31, 2010

 

(in millions)    Three Months
Ended
July 31, 2010
   As a % of Net
Revenue
    Three Months
Ended
July 31, 2009
    As a % of Net
Revenue
 

Net revenue

   $ 472.8    100   $ 414.9      100

Cost of revenue

     48.4    10     50.1      12
                   

Gross profit

     424.4    90     364.8      88

Operating expenses

     344.6    73     362.1      87
                   

Income (loss) from operations

   $ 79.8    17   $ 2.7      1
                   
(in millions)    Six Months
Ended

July 31, 2010
   As a % of Net
Revenue
    Six Months
Ended

July 31, 2009
    As a % of Net
Revenue
 

Net Revenue

   $ 947.4    100   $ 840.7      100

Cost of revenue

     99.7    11     102.4      12
                   

Gross Profit

     847.7    89     738.3      88

Operating expenses

     717.1    75     755.1      90
                   

Income (loss) from operations

   $ 130.6    14   $ (16.8   -2
                   

Our results for the second quarter of fiscal 2011 reflect recent improvements in the global demand environment, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year when the economic downturn had decreased demand for our products and services, and customers reduced their workforces. While global macroeconomic indicators remain mixed, there were some signs of growth during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010. There have been significant job losses around the world over the past two years, and unemployment remains high in several important geographies, including the U.S. Additionally, there are a number of mixed data points as to whether credit has become more readily available, and how this continues to impact our customers and partners.

 

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Our business showed some signs of growth as evidenced by our year over year increases in revenue, gross profit and income from operations. Contributing to the year over year increases in revenue were increases in revenue from new seat licenses, revenue for most of our major products, all of our reportable segments, and all of our geographies during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year. In addition, we continued to make progress in controlling our operating costs, which led to year over year improvements in profitability. Despite the improvements in these areas, it is not clear whether these increases represent sustainable trends, or are indications of broad-based stabilization of our business. Our business had a sequential decrease in upgrade revenue as a result of an increase in upgrades in the first quarter of fiscal 2011 in response to a promotion in advance of the March 2010 increase in upgrade pricing. We remain cautious regarding our fiscal 2011 financial prospects primarily due to the continued negative business reports in a number of countries around the world.

During the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year, net revenue increased, gross profit increased and income from operations increased. The increases in income from operations during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year, were due to the increases in our net revenue along with decreases in total spend, defined as cost of revenue plus operating expenses. The majority of our costs are relatively fixed in the short term as they relate primarily to our workforce. In an attempt to adjust our cost structure, we initiated restructuring plans that resulted in us recording restructuring charges of $1.9 million and $9.0 million during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, as compared to the $26.4 million and $42.9 million recorded in the respective periods of the prior fiscal year. In addition, during the six months ended July 31, 2009 we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $21.0 million associated with our M&E segment. The favorable impacts of the increase in revenue and decrease in restructuring and impairment charges during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, as compared the same period of the prior fiscal year, were partially offset by the increase in operating costs resulting from the return of some previously suppressed costs and costs associated with higher revenue. Our spending decisions are based in part on our expectations for future revenue and are not directly variable with fluctuations in revenue. Accordingly, our inability to immediately adjust our operating costs for any revenue shortfall below expectations could have an immediate and significant adverse effect on our profitability. We constantly monitor and adjust our cost structure to align with our recent and anticipated financial results. In addition to restructuring activities, other actions that we have taken to adjust our cost structure include reductions in discretionary spending and contingent labor costs. In taking these actions, we may incur additional costs that could negatively impact our net income and cash flows from operating activities.

Net revenue for the three months ended July 31, 2010 increased $57.9 million, or 14%, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year due to a 22% increase in license and other revenue and a 4% increase in maintenance revenue. We experienced increases in net revenue in all of our major geographies during the three months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Net revenue for the six months ended July 31, 2010 increased $106.7 million, or 13%, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year due to an 18% increase in license and other revenue and a 6% increase in maintenance revenue. We experienced increases in net revenue in all of our major geographies during the six months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year.

We generate a significant amount of our revenue in the U.S., Japan, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Canada, South Korea, Australia and China. Included in the overall increase in revenue were impacts associated with foreign currency. Our revenue benefited from favorable foreign exchange rate changes during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year. During the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, there was no impact on our operating expenses due to changes in foreign exchange rates, but during the six months ended July 31, 2010, our operating expenses increased due to changes in foreign exchange rates, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. During the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior year, income from operations benefited from favorable foreign exchange rate changes. Had applicable exchange rates from the three months ended July 31, 2009 been in effect through July 31, 2010, and had we excluded foreign exchange hedge gains and losses from the three months ended July 31, 2010, (“on a constant currency basis”), net revenue would have increased 13% compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. During the six months ended July 31, 2010 net revenue would have increased 10% compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year on a constant currency basis. Operating expenses during the three months ended July 31, 2010 decreased 5% compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year both as reported and on a constant currency basis. During the six months ended July 31, 2010, operating expenses decreased 5% compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year as reported and decreased 6% on a constant currency basis. Changes in the value of the U.S. dollar may have a significant effect on net revenue, operating expenses and income from operations in future periods. We use foreign currency contracts to reduce the exchange rate effect on a portion of the net revenue of certain anticipated transactions, but do not attempt to completely mitigate the impact of fluctuation of such foreign currency against the U.S. dollar.

We rely significantly upon major distributors and resellers in both the U.S. and international regions, including Tech Data Corporation and its global affiliates (collectively, “Tech Data”). Tech Data accounted for 15% and 16% of our consolidated net revenue for the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, and 14% for the same periods of the prior fiscal year.

 

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Our total spend decreased by $19.2 million, or 5%, during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. During the six months ended July 31, 2010, our total spend decreased by $40.7 million, or 5%, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. However, we continued to invest in areas important to the future success of Autodesk. Our total spend of $393.0 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2011 included $21.0 million of stock-based compensation expenses, $7.7 million attributable to amortization of developed technology for acquisitions subsequent to December 2005, $5.9 million attributable to amortization of customer relationships and trade names for acquisitions subsequent to December 2005 and $1.9 million for restructuring charges. Our total spend of $816.8 million for the first half of fiscal 2011 included $45.3 million of stock-based compensation expenses, $15.4 million attributable to amortization of developed technology for acquisitions subsequent to December 2005, $12.1 million attributable to amortization of customer relationships and trade names for acquisitions subsequent to December 2005 and $9.0 million for restructuring charges.

Our total operating margin increased from $2.7 million, or 1%, during the three months ended July 31, 2009, to $79.8 million, or 17%, during the three months ended July 31, 2010. Our total operating margin increased from a loss of $16.8 million, or negative 2%, during the six months ended July 31, 2009, to income of $130.6 million, or 14%, during the three months ended July 31, 2010. The increase in our operating margin during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 was primarily due to net revenue increasing more rapidly than the increase in our costs due to our cost saving initiatives during fiscal 2010 and 2011. Also contributing to the increase in total operating margin were the decreases in restructuring charges during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year and the decrease in goodwill impairment charges during the six months ended July 31, 2010. During the three months ended July 31, 2010, our operating margin increased $24.5 million due to the decrease in restructuring charges. During the six months ended July 31, 2010 our operating margin increased $21.0 million due to the decrease in goodwill impairment charges and $33.9 million for the decrease in restructuring charges. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in expenses due to the return of some previously suppressed costs and costs associated with higher revenue.

We expect to grow revenue and increase our operating margin percentage during the third quarter of fiscal 2011 as compared to the third quarter of fiscal 2010. However, there can be no assurance that our cost structure will not increase in the future or that we will be able to align our cost structure with our actual financial results.

Our primary goals for the remainder of fiscal 2011 are to continue to deliver our market-leading products and solutions to our customers, to stimulate revenue growth, to manage operating margins and to invest in product functionality and new product lines while minimizing the impact of these investments on gross profit, operating margins, operating cash flow and our worldwide operations.

At July 31, 2010, we had $1,270.7 million in cash and marketable securities. We completed the quarter ended July 31, 2010 with a higher deferred revenue balance and a lower accounts receivable balance as compared to the quarter ended January 31, 2010. Our deferred revenue balance at July 31, 2010 included $472.7 million of customer maintenance contracts, which will be recognized as revenue ratably over the life of the contracts, which is predominantly one year. We repurchased 2.5 million shares of our common stock for $70.4 million during the three months ended July 31, 2010 and 4.5 million shares of our common stock for $129.2 million during the six months ended July 31, 2010. Comparatively, we had no repurchases of our common stock during the three and six months ended July 31, 2009.

 

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Results of Operations

Net Revenue

 

     Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2010
   Increase (Decrease)
Compared to
Prior Period
    Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2009
   Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2010
   Increase (Decrease)
Compared to
Prior Period
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2009
(in millions)       $     %           $     %    

Net revenue:

                   

License and other

   $ 280.7    $ 49.7      22   $ 231.0    $ 560.5    $ 85.9      18   $ 474.6

Maintenance

     192.1      8.2      4     183.9      386.9      20.8      6     366.1
                                               
   $ 472.8    $ 57.9      14   $ 414.9    $ 947.4    $ 106.7      13   $ 840.7
                                               

Net revenue by geographic area:

                   

Americas

   $ 168.4    $ 9.0      6   $ 159.4    $ 329.6    $ 6.7      2   $ 322.9

Europe, Middle East and Africa

     188.8      31.8      20     157.0      387.4      63.3      20     324.1

Asia Pacific

     115.6      17.1      17     98.5      230.4      36.7      19     193.7
                                               
   $ 472.8    $ 57.9      14   $ 414.9    $ 947.4    $ 106.7      13   $ 840.7
                                               

Net revenue by operating segment:

                   

Platform Solutions and Emerging Business

   $ 177.5    $ 27.9      19   $ 149.6    $ 361.3    $ 56.0      18   $ 305.3

Architecture, Engineering and Construction

     133.1      10.2      8     122.9      269.9      18.8      7     251.1

Manufacturing

     112.7      17.3      18     95.4      220.6      31.3      17     189.3

Media and Entertainment

     49.5      2.8      6     46.7      95.6      1.0      1     94.6

Other

     —        (0.3   -100     0.3      —        (0.4   -100     0.4
                                               
   $ 472.8    $ 57.9      14   $ 414.9    $ 947.4    $ 106.7      13   $ 840.7
                                               

License and Other Revenue

License and other revenue is comprised of two components: all forms of product license revenue and other revenue. Product license revenue includes revenue from the sale of new seat licenses, upgrades and crossgrades. Other revenue consists of revenue from Creative Finishing (formerly known as Advanced Solutions), consulting and training services, and Autodesk Collaborative Solution hosting.

Total license and other revenue increased 22% during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. This increase was primarily due to the 46% increase in commercial new seat revenue during the three months ended July 31, 2010. During the three months ended July 31, 2010, 50 percentage points of the 46% increase were due to increases in the number of seats sold, partially offset by 4 percentage points due to lower average net revenue per seat. As a percentage of total net revenue, license and other revenue was 59% and 56% for the three months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Commercial new seat revenue, as a percentage of license and other revenue, was 74% and 63% for the three months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Total license and other revenue increased 18% during the six months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. This increase was primarily due to the 35% increase in commercial new seat revenue during the six months ended July 31, 2010. During the six months ended July 31, 2010, 39 percentage points of the 35% increase were due to increases in the number of seats sold, partially offset by 4 percentage points due to lower average net revenue per seat. As a percentage of total net revenue, license and other revenue was 59% and 56% for the six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Commercial new seat revenue, as a percentage of license and other revenue, was 69% and 60% for the six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

The increase in license and other revenue during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, was partially offset by the 31% decrease in upgrade revenue, which includes crossgrade revenue. Upgrade revenue remained approximately flat during the six months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. During the first quarter of fiscal 2011, upgrade revenue included a one-time increase in upgrades in response to a promotion in advance of the March 2010 increase in upgrade pricing. Over the long term, we expect revenue from upgrades to decrease as we continue to move customers onto our maintenance program.

Revenue from the sales of our services, training and support, included in “License and other revenue,” represented less than 3% of net revenue for all periods presented.

 

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Maintenance Revenue

Our maintenance revenue relates to a program known by our user community as the Subscription Program. Our maintenance program provides our commercial and educational customers with a cost effective and predictable budgetary option to obtain the productivity benefits of our new releases and enhancements when and if released during the term of their contracts. Under our maintenance program, customers are eligible to receive unspecified upgrades when and if available, downloadable training courses and technical support. We recognize maintenance revenue ratably over the maintenance contract periods.

Maintenance revenue increased 4% during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 5% increase in commercial maintenance revenue. During the three months ended July 31, 2010, the 5% increase was due to higher net revenue per maintenance seat. As a percentage of total net revenue, maintenance revenue was 41% and 44% for the three months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Commercial maintenance revenue represented 98% of maintenance revenue during each of the three months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009.

Maintenance revenue increased 6% during the six months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 6% increase in commercial maintenance revenue. During the six months ended July 31, 2010, 8 percentage points of the 6% increase were due to higher net revenue per maintenance seat, partially offset by a 2 percentage point decrease due to lower program enrollment during the corresponding maintenance contract term. As a percentage of total net revenue, maintenance revenue was 41% and 44% for the six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Commercial maintenance revenue represented 98% of maintenance revenue during the six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009. Total program enrollment at July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010 consisted of about 2.6 million users and 2.2 million users, respectively.

Changes in maintenance revenue lag changes in net billings for maintenance contracts because we recognize revenue from those contracts ratably over their contract terms, which are predominantly one year, but may be two or three year terms. Net maintenance billings increased 6% and 17% during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year. These increases were due to more new seats sold, an increase in the renewal rates and the impact from the upgrade pricing promotion mentioned above. The increase in net maintenance billings during the first half of fiscal 2011 will have a positive impact on future maintenance revenue, however year over year decreases in net maintenance billings during the second and third quarters of fiscal 2010, and the impact of other factors such as the amount, timing and mix of contract terms of future net maintenance billings, could cause downward pressure on future maintenance revenue.

Aggregate backlog at July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010 was $547.5 million and $542.5 million, respectively, of which $526.1 million and $516.5 million, respectively, represented deferred revenue. Backlog related to current software license product orders that had not shipped at the end of the quarter decreased by $4.6 million during the first half of fiscal 2011 from $26.0 million at January 31, 2010 to $21.4 million at July 31, 2010. Deferred revenue consists primarily of deferred maintenance revenue. To a lesser extent, deferred revenue consists of deferred license and other revenue derived from collaborative project management services, consulting services and deferred license sales. Backlog from current software license product orders that we have not yet shipped consists of orders for currently available licensed software products from customers with approved credit status and may include orders with current ship dates and orders with ship dates beyond the current fiscal period.

Net Revenue by Geographic Area

Net revenue in the Americas region increased by 6% during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in net revenue in the Americas was primarily due to the 33% increase in new seat revenue and the 6% increase in maintenance revenue. These increases were partially offset by the 16% decrease in upgrade revenue in the Americas during the three months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Net revenue in the Americas region increased by 2% during the six months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to the 36% increase in new seat revenue and the 2% increase in maintenance revenue. These increases were partially offset by a 24% decrease in upgrade revenue in the Americas during the six months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year.

 

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Net revenue in the EMEA geography increased 20% during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 55% increase in new seat revenue and a 4% increase in maintenance revenue. These increases were partially offset by the 56% decrease in revenue from upgrades. This increase was primarily due to revenue growth in most countries in the region, led by Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Belgium and Italy. Also contributing to the increase was the increase in revenue from emerging economy countries within the EMEA geography. During the six months ended July 31, 2010, net revenue in the EMEA geography increased 20% primarily due to a 36% increase in new seat revenue, a 10% increase in maintenance revenue and a 10% increase in revenue from upgrades as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. This increase was primarily due to revenue growth in most countries in the region, led by Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Belgium and Switzerland. Also contributing to the increase was the increase in revenue from emerging economy countries within the EMEA geography. On a constant currency basis, revenue in the EMEA geography would have increased 19% and 14% for the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year.

Net revenue in the Asia Pacific (“APAC”) geography increased by 17% during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 26% increase in new seat revenue. In addition, we had small increases in upgrade revenue and maintenance revenue during the three months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. The increase in net revenue in the APAC geography during the three months ended July 31, 2010 occurred in almost all countries, led by South Korea and followed by Japan, Australia, India and Singapore, partially offset by a decrease in China. During the six months ended July 31, 2010, net revenue in the APAC geography increased by 19% as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 26% increase in new seat revenue, a 51% increase in upgrade revenue, and a 4% increase in maintenance revenue. The increase in net revenue in the APAC geography during the six months ended July 31, 2010 occurred in virtually all countries, led by Japan and followed by South Korea, Australia, India and Singapore, partially offset by a decrease in China. On a constant currency basis, revenue in the APAC geography would have increased 14% during each of the three and six month periods ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year.

Net revenue in emerging economies increased 13% during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to revenue from Poland, India, Czech Republic and Brazil. Net revenue in emerging economies increased 14% during the six months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to revenue from Poland, India, the Russian Federation and Czech Republic. This growth was a significant factor in our international sales growth during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010. Revenue from emerging economies represented 15% of net revenue during each of the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009.

We believe that international revenue will continue to comprise a majority of our total net revenue. The economic conditions in the countries that contribute a significant portion of our net revenue may have an adverse effect on our business in those countries and our overall financial performance. International net revenue represented 71% and 72% of our net revenue during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, as compared to 69% during each of the same periods of the prior fiscal year. We remain cautious regarding our fiscal 2011 financial prospects primarily due to the continued negative business reports in a number of countries around the world.

Net Revenue by Operating Segment

We have four reportable segments: Platform Solutions and Emerging Business (“PSEB”), Architecture, Engineering and Construction (“AEC”), Manufacturing (“MFG”) and Media and Entertainment (“M&E”). We have no material inter-segment revenue.

Net revenue for PSEB increased 19% during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 30% increase in revenue from our AutoCAD LT products and a 21% increase in revenue from our AutoCAD products. During the six months ended July 31, 2010, net revenue for PSEB increased 18% as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 22% increase in revenue from our AutoCAD products and a 24% increase in revenue from our AutoCAD LT products.

Net revenue for AEC increased 8% during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 20% increase in revenue from our Revit products and a 9% increase in revenue from our AutoCAD Civil 3D products. During the six months ended July 31, 2010, net revenue for AEC increased 7% as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 16% increase in revenue from our Revit products and a 7% increase in revenue from our ACAD Architecture products.

Net revenue for MFG increased 18% during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 16% increase in revenue from our Autodesk Inventor products and a 36% increase in revenue from our Autodesk Mechanical products. During the six months ended July 31, 2010, net revenue for MFG increased 17% as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 19% increase in revenue from our Autodesk Inventor products and a 24% increase in revenue from our Autodesk Mechanical products.

 

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Net revenue for M&E increased 6% during the three months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 7% increase in revenue from our Animation product group and a 5% increase in revenue from Creative Finishing, formerly known as Advanced Systems. The increase in Animation revenue was primarily due to the new Autodesk Entertainment Creation Suite of products. During the six months ended July 31, 2010, net revenue for M&E increased 1% as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year primarily due to a 9% increase in revenue from our Animation product group. The increase in Animation revenue was primarily due to the new Autodesk Entertainment Creation Suite of products and a 3% increase in revenue from Autodesk 3ds Max. This increase was partially offset by a 12% decrease in revenue from Creative Finishing during the six months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year.

Cost of Revenue

 

     Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2010
    Increase  (Decrease)
Compared to
Prior Period
    Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2009
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2010
    Increase (Decrease)
Compared  to

Prior Period
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2009
 
(in millions)      $     %         $     %    

Cost of revenue:

                

License and other

   $ 40.5      $ (4.3   -10   $ 44.8      $ 81.7      $ (7.2   -8   $ 88.9   

Maintenance

     7.9        2.6      49     5.3        18.0        4.5      33     13.5   
                                                    
   $ 48.4      $ (1.7   -3   $ 50.1      $ 99.7      $ (2.7   -3   $ 102.4   
                                                    

As a percentage of net revenue

     10         12     11         12

Cost of license and other revenue includes labor costs of order fulfillment and costs of fulfilling consulting and training services contracts and Autodesk Collaborative Solution hosting contracts. Cost of license and other revenue also includes stock-based compensation expense, direct material and overhead charges, amortization of purchased technology, professional services fees and royalties. Direct material and overhead charges include the cost of hardware sold (mainly PC-based workstations for Creative Finishing in the M&E segment), costs associated with transferring our software to electronic media, printing of user manuals and packaging materials and shipping and handling costs.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2011, Autodesk reclassified certain costs of revenue, which primarily included reclassifying certain shipping and fulfillment expenses from “Cost of license and other revenue” to “Cost of maintenance revenue”, due to a change in our cost allocation methodology. These expenses have been updated in the statement of operations, which included reclassifying $2.3 million and $7.7 million from cost of license to cost of maintenance revenue during the three and six months ended July 31, 2009, respectively. See Note 1, “Basis of Presentation,” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

Cost of license and other revenue decreased 10% and 8% during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to savings on shipping and handling costs caused by the switch to a lower cost vendor as well as an increase in electronic fulfillment.

Cost of maintenance revenue includes labor costs of providing product support to our maintenance customers, including stock-based compensation expense for these employees, rent and occupancy, shipping and handling costs and professional services fees. Cost of maintenance revenue increased 49% and 33% during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year, due to an increase in maintenance support headcount. These increases were partially offset by savings on freight and materials costs as fewer maintenance customers require physical shipments than in the past due to electronic fulfillment.

Cost of revenue, at least over the near term, is affected by the volume and mix of product sales, mix of physical versus electronic fulfillment, fluctuations in consulting costs, amortization of purchased technology, new customer support offerings, royalty rates for licensed technology embedded in our products, and employee stock-based compensation expense.

Marketing and Sales

 

     Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2010
    Increase Compared
to  Prior Period
    Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2009
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2010
    Increase Compared
to  Prior Period
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2009
 
(in millions)      $    %         $    %    

Marketing and sales

   $ 177.5      $ 1.1    1   $ 176.4      $ 364.0      $ 3.7    1   $ 360.3   

As a percentage of net revenue

     38          43     38          43

 

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Marketing and sales expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits and stock-based compensation expense for our marketing and sales employees and the expense of travel, entertainment and training for such personnel, costs of programs aimed at increasing revenue, such as advertising, trade shows and expositions, and various sales and promotional programs. Marketing and sales expenses also include labor costs of sales and order processing, sales and dealer commissions, rent and occupancy, and the cost of supplies and equipment. Marketing and sales expenses increased 1% during each of the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to higher employee-related costs, including commissions, bonuses and increased travel expenditures. These increases were partially offset by the decrease in salaries and benefits due to the decrease in marketing and sales headcount. We expect to balance our need to invest in the marketing and sales of our products with our need to reduce our operating expenses to align with our financial condition.

Research and Development

 

     Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2010
    Increase Compared
to  Prior Period
    Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2009
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2010
    Increase Compared
to  Prior Period
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2009
 
(in millions)      $    %         $    %    

Research and development

   $ 119.3      $ 9.5    9   $ 109.8      $ 246.5      $ 15.1    7   $ 231.4   

As a percentage of net revenue

     25          26     26          28

Research and development expenses, which are expensed as incurred, consist primarily of salaries, bonuses, benefits and stock-based compensation expense for research and development employees and the expense of travel, entertainment and training for such personnel, rent and occupancy and professional services such as fees paid to software development firms and independent contractors. Research and development expenses increased 9% and 7% during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to increases in employee-related costs, including bonuses, salaries and benefits, due to the increase in research and development headcount.

General and Administrative

 

     Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2010
    (Decrease) Compared
to  Prior Period
    Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2009
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2010
    (Decrease) Compared
to  Prior Period
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2009
 
(in millions)      $     %         $     %    

General and administrative

   $ 45.9      $ (3.6   -7   $ 49.5      $ 97.6      $ (1.9   -2   $ 99.5   

As a percentage of net revenue

     10         12     10         12

General and administrative expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits and stock-based compensation expense for our finance, human resources and legal employees, and the expense of travel, entertainment and training for such personnel, as well as professional fees for legal and accounting services, amortization of acquisition related customer relationships and trade names, expense of communication, and cost of supplies and equipment. General and administrative expenses decreased 7% and 2% during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a decrease in benefits and salaries due to the decrease in general and administrative headcount.

Restructuring Charges

 

     Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2010
    (Decrease) Compared
to  Prior Period
    Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2009
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2010
    (Decrease) Compared
to  Prior Period
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2009
 
(in millions)      $     %         $     %    

Restructuring charges

   $ 1.9      $ (24.5   -93   $ 26.4      $ 9.0      $ (33.9   -79   $ 42.9   

As a percentage of net revenue

     0         6     1         5

During the first quarter of fiscal 2011, we initiated a restructuring plan in order to reduce our operating costs. The restructuring plan is expected to result in a staff reduction of approximate 210 to 230 positions. In connection with this restructuring plan, Autodesk expects to record restructuring charges of approximately $10.0 million to $12.0 million during fiscal 2011. No leased facilities were consolidated as part of this restructuring (“Fiscal 2011 Plan”).

 

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In connection with our restructuring plans, during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 we reduced the number of employees by approximately 50 and 170 positions globally, respectively. We recorded restructuring charges of $1.9 million and $9.0 million during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, which primarily related to one-time employee termination benefits. The remainder of the termination benefits will be substantially paid during the second half of fiscal 2011. If our revenue should decline or not grow as rapidly as planned, we may further reduce our operating expenses to align them with our financial condition, including the possibility of a further restructuring. In taking these actions, we may incur additional costs which could negatively impact our net income and cash flows from operating activities. See Note 13, “Restructuring Reserve,” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

Impairment of Goodwill

 

     Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2010
    (Decrease) Compared
to  Prior Period
   Three  Months
Ended

July 31, 2009
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2010
    (Decrease) Compared
to  Prior Period
    Six Months
Ended
July 31, 2009
 
(in millions)      $    %        $     %    

Impairment of goodwill

   $ —        $ —      *    $ —        $ —        $ (21.0   -100   $ 21.0   

As a percentage of net revenue

     0           0     0         2

 

* Percentage is not meaningful.

We recorded an impairment charge of $21.0 million affecting the first quarter of fiscal 2010 representing the entire goodwill balance of the M&E segment as of April 30, 2009. This goodwill balance related to the M&E segment’s fourth quarter fiscal 2009 acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Softimage. In response to the significant and sustained revenue declines we were experiencing in all segments and geographies during the first quarter of fiscal 2010, in May 2009 we revised the revenue and cash flow projections we had prepared during the second half of the first quarter of fiscal 2010 and concluded that an impairment of goodwill had occurred as of April 30, 2009. The revenue and cash flow projections were substantially impacted for all segments, however, the M&E segment was the only segment which had a then current fair value of its future discounted cash flows that fell below the carrying value of its assets. Should our revenue and cash flow projections decline significantly in the future, additional impairment charges may be recorded on goodwill. See Note 11, “Goodwill,” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates – Goodwill” above for further discussion. As of July 31, 2010, a hypothetical 10% decrease in the fair value of our PSEB, MFG, AEC or M&E reporting units would not have an impact on the carrying value, nor result in impairment, of goodwill for the respective reporting units.

Interest and Other Income, Net

The following table sets forth the components of interest and other income, net:

 

     Three Months Ended
July 31,
   Six Months Ended
July 31,
(in millions)    2010     2009    2010     2009

Interest and investment income, net

   $ 0.1      $ 3.6    $ 3.6      $ 5.4

Gain (loss) on foreign currency

     (2.9     3.3      (10.1     1.8

Other income (expense)

     2.9        3.8      3.2        3.5
                             

Interest and other income (expense), net

   $ 0.1      $ 10.7    $ (3.3   $ 10.7
                             

Interest and investment income, net fluctuates based on average cash and marketable securities balances, average maturities and interest rates. The decrease in Interest and investment income, net, during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, is primarily due to losses on marketable securities. Also contributing to this decrease was the lower interest rate yields on investments during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year.

The gain (loss) on foreign currency includes the impact of re-measuring foreign currency transactions into the functional currency of the corresponding entity. The amount of the gain (loss) is driven by the volume of foreign currency transactions and the foreign currency exchange rates for the period.

 

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Provision for Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate was 25% and 24% during the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively. Our effective tax rate was 22% during the three months ended July 31, 2009 and negative 256% during the six months ended July 31, 2009. Our effective tax rate increased 3% during the three months ended July 31, 2010 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to comparatively less discrete tax benefits associated with stock options recorded during the three months ended July 31, 2010. Our effective tax rate during the six months ended July 31, 2010 differs from the effective tax rate during the same period of the prior fiscal year primarily due to a $20.9 million discrete non-cash tax charge as a result of a change in expected future tax rates and establishment of a valuation allowance against certain California deferred tax assets recorded during the first quarter of fiscal 2010 and partially offset by a discrete tax benefit of $7.7 million associated with the impairment of goodwill recorded during the first quarter of fiscal 2010. During the first quarter of fiscal 2010, the State of California enacted legislation significantly altering California tax law. As a result of the legislation, we expect that in fiscal years 2012 and beyond, income subject to tax in California will be less than under prior tax law and accordingly, deferred tax assets are less likely to be realized. Excluding the impact of discrete tax items, the effective tax rates for the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 were lower than the Federal statutory tax rate of 35% primarily due to foreign income taxed at lower rates partially offset by the impact of stock-based compensation expense.

Our future effective tax rate may be materially impacted by the amount of benefits and charges from tax amounts associated with our foreign earnings that are taxed at rates different from the Federal statutory rate, research credits, state income taxes, the tax impact of stock-based compensation expense, accounting for uncertain tax positions, business combinations, the U.S. Manufacturer’s deduction, closure of statute of limitations or settlement of tax audits, changes in valuation allowances and changes in tax law.

As of July 31, 2010, we had $182.5 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest, of which approximately $169.8 million represents the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that would impact the effective tax rate, if recognized. The remaining $12.7 million relates to items that would result in balance sheet reclassification with no impact to income tax expense. It is possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change in the next twelve months; however an estimate of the range of the possible change cannot be made at this time.

At July 31, 2010, we had net deferred tax assets of $156.7 million. We believe that we will generate sufficient future taxable income in appropriate tax jurisdictions to realize these assets.

 

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Other Financial Information

In addition to our results determined under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) discussed above, we believe the following non-GAAP measures are useful to investors in evaluating our operating performance. For the three and six months ended July 31, 2010 and 2009, our gross profit, gross margin, income (loss) from operations, operating margin, net income (loss) and diluted earnings (loss) per share on a GAAP and non-GAAP basis were as follows (in millions except for gross margin, operating margin and per share data):

 

     Three Months Ended     Six Months Ended  
     July 31, 2010     July 31, 2009     July 31, 2010     July 31, 2009  
     (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)  

Gross profit

   $ 424.4      $ 364.8      $ 847.7      $ 738.3   

Non-GAAP gross profit

   $ 432.8      $ 373.8      $ 864.6      $ 756.2   

Gross margin

     90     88     89     88

Non-GAAP gross margin

     92     90     91     90

Income (loss) from operations

   $ 79.8      $ 2.7      $ 130.6      $ (16.8

Non-GAAP income from operations

   $ 116.3      $ 65.4      $ 212.4      $ 121.2   

Operating margin

     17     1     14     -2

Non-GAAP operating margin

     25     16     22     14

Net income (loss)

   $ 59.9      $ 10.5      $ 96.8      $ (21.7

Non-GAAP net income

   $ 85.0      $ 56.5      $ 152.7      $ 98.4   

Diluted earnings (loss) per share

   $ 0.25      $ 0.05      $ 0.41      $ (0.09

Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share

   $ 0.36      $ 0.24      $ 0.65      $ 0.42   

For our internal budgeting and resource allocation process, we use non-GAAP measures to supplement our condensed consolidated financial statements presented on a GAAP basis. These non-GAAP measures do not include certain items that may have a material impact upon our reported financial results. We use non-GAAP measures in making operating decisions because we believe those measures provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our earning potential. In addition, these non-GAAP financial measures facilitate comparisons to our and our competitors’ historical results and operating guidance. We also use these measures for purposes of determining company-wide incentive compensation.

There are limitations in using non-GAAP financial measures because non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. The non-GAAP financial measures included above are limited in value because they exclude certain items that may have a material impact upon our reported financial results. In addition, they are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgments by management about which charges are excluded from the non-GAAP financial measures. We compensate for these limitations by analyzing current and future results on a GAAP basis as well as a non-GAAP basis and also by providing GAAP measures in our public disclosures. The presentation of non-GAAP financial information is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the directly comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. The non-GAAP financial measures are meant to supplement, and be viewed in conjunction with, GAAP financial measures. We urge investors to review the reconciliation of our non-GAAP financial measures to the comparable GAAP financial measures included below, and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.

 

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Reconciliation of GAAP Financial Measures to Non-GAAP Financial Measures

(in millions except for gross margin, operating margin and per share data):

 

     Three Months Ended
July 31,
    Six Months Ended
July 31,
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  
     (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)  

Gross profit

   $ 424.4      $ 364.8      $ 847.7      $ 738.3   

Stock-based compensation expense

     0.7        0.7        1.5        1.3   

Amortization of purchased intangibles

     7.7        8.3        15.4        16.6   
                                

Non-GAAP gross profit

   $ 432.8      $ 373.8      $ 864.6      $ 756.2   
                                

Gross margin

     90     88     89     88

Stock-based compensation expense

     0     0     0     0

Amortization of purchased intangibles

     2     2     2     2
                                

Non-GAAP gross margin

     92     90     91     90
                                

Income (loss) from operations

   $ 79.8      $ 2.7      $ 130.6      $ (16.8

Stock-based compensation expense

     21.0        21.3        45.3        44.4   

Amortization of purchased intangibles

     13.6        15.0        27.5        29.7   

Impairment of goodwill

     —          —          —          21.0   

Restructuring charges

     1.9        26.4        9.0        42.9   
                                

Non-GAAP income from operations

   $ 116.3      $ 65.4      $ 212.4      $ 121.2   
                                

Operating margin

     17     1     14     -2

Stock-based compensation expense

     5     5     5     5

Amortization of purchased intangibles

     3     4     3     4

Impairment of goodwill

     0     0     0     2

Restructuring charges

     0     6     0     5
                                

Non-GAAP operating margin

     25     16     22     14
                                

Net income (loss)

   $ 59.9      $ 10.5      $ 96.8      $ (21.7

Stock-based compensation expense

     21.0        21.3        45.3        44.4   

Amortization of purchased intangibles

     13.6        15.0        27.5        29.7   

Impairment of goodwill

     —          —          —          21.0   

Restructuring charges

     1.9        26.4        9.0        42.9   

Establishment of valuation allowance on deferred tax assets

     —          —          —          21.0   

Discrete tax provision items (1)

     0.2        (0.6     (1.6     (1.6

Income tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments

     (11.6     (16.1     (24.3     (37.3
                                

Non-GAAP net income

   $ 85.0      $ 56.5      $ 152.7      $ 98.4   
                                

Diluted net income (loss) per share

   $ 0.25      $ 0.05      $ 0.41      $ (0.09

Stock-based compensation expense

     0.09        0.09        0.19        0.19   

Amortization of purchased intangibles

     0.06        0.06        0.12        0.13   

Impairment of goodwill

     —          —          —          0.09   

Restructuring charges

     0.01        0.11        0.04        0.18   

Establishment of valuation allowance on deferred tax assets

     —          —          —          0.09   

Discrete tax provision items (1)

     —          —          (0.01     —     

Income tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments

     (0.05     (0.07     (0.10     (0.17
                                

Non-GAAP diluted net income per share

   $ 0.36      $ 0.24      $ 0.65      $ 0.42   
                                

Shares used in diluted net income (loss) per share calculation

     233.8        232.3        234.5        228.0   

Shares included in non-GAAP net income per share, but excluded from GAAP net loss per share as they would have been anti-dilutive

     —          —          —          3.1   
                                

Shares used in non-GAAP diluted net income per share calculation (2)

     233.8        232.3        234.5        231.1   
                                

 

(1) Effective in the second quarter of fiscal 2011, Autodesk began excluding certain GAAP discrete tax provision items for purposes of its non-GAAP financial measures. Prior period non-GAAP income tax expense amounts have been revised to conform to the current period presentation.
(2) Effective in the first quarter of fiscal 2011, Autodesk began using GAAP diluted shares for purposes of calculating non-GAAP net income per share. Prior periods’ shares and diluted non-GAAP net income per share were revised to conform to current period presentation.

 

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Our non-GAAP financial measures as set forth in the table above exclude the following:

Stock-based compensation expenses. We exclude stock-based compensation expenses from non-GAAP measures primarily because they are non-cash expenses and management finds it useful to exclude certain non-cash charges to assess the appropriate level of various operating expenses to assist in budgeting, planning and forecasting future periods.

Amortization of purchased intangibles. We incur amortization of acquisition-related purchased intangible assets, primarily in connection with acquisitions of certain businesses and technologies. The amortization of purchased intangibles varies depending on the level of acquisition activity, and management finds it useful to exclude these variable charges to assess the appropriate level of various operating expenses to assist in budgeting, planning and forecasting future periods.

Goodwill impairment. This is a non-cash charge to write-down goodwill to fair value when there was an indication that the asset was impaired. As explained above, management finds it useful to exclude certain non-cash charges to assess the appropriate level of various operating expenses to assist in budgeting, planning and forecasting future periods.

Restructuring charges. These expenses are associated with realigning our business strategies based on current economic conditions. In connection with these restructuring actions, we recognize costs related to termination benefits for former employees whose positions were eliminated, and the closure of facilities and cancelation of certain contracts. We exclude these charges because these expenses are not reflective of ongoing operating results in the current period.

Establishment of a valuation allowance on certain net deferred tax assets. This is a non-cash charge to record a valuation allowance on certain deferred tax assets. As explained above, management finds it useful to exclude certain non-cash charges to assess the appropriate level of various expenses to assist in budgeting, planning and forecasting future periods.

Discrete tax items. We exclude the GAAP tax provision, including discrete items, from the non-GAAP measure of income, and include a non-GAAP tax provision based upon the projected annual non-GAAP effective tax rate. Management believes this approach assists investors in understanding the tax provision and the effective tax rate related to ongoing operations.

Income tax effects on the difference between GAAP and non-GAAP costs and expenses. The income tax effects that are excluded from the non-GAAP measures relate to the tax impact on the difference between GAAP and non-GAAP costs and expenses, primarily due to differences in the timing of when income tax benefits are recognized for stock compensation and purchased intangibles for GAAP and non-GAAP measures.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary source of cash is from the sale of licenses to our products. Our primary use of cash is payment of our operating costs which consist primarily of employee-related expenses, such as compensation and benefits, as well as general operating expenses for marketing, facilities and overhead costs. In addition to operating expenses, we also use cash to invest in our growth initiatives, which include acquisitions of products, technology and businesses and to fund our stock repurchase program. See further discussion of these items below.

At July 31, 2010, our principal sources of liquidity were cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities totaling $1,270.7 million and net accounts receivable of $231.0 million. In addition, we have a line of credit facility that permits unsecured short-term borrowings of up to $250.0 million. This line of credit agreement contains customary covenants that could restrict the imposition of liens on our assets and restrict our ability to incur additional indebtedness or make dispositions of assets if we fail to maintain the financial covenants. This credit facility is available for working capital and other business needs. At July 31, 2010, we had no borrowings outstanding on our line of credit, which expires in August 2012. During the quarter ended July 31, 2010, we terminated our $5.0 million China line of credit because it was no longer needed.

Our cash and cash equivalents are held by diversified financial institutions globally. Our primary commercial banking relationship is with Citibank and its global affiliates (“Citibank”). In addition, Citicorp USA, Inc., an affiliate of Citibank, is the lead lender and agent in the syndicate of our $250.0 million U.S. line of credit.

The increase in our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities from $1,126.2 million at January 31, 2010 to $1,270.7 million at July 31, 2010 is principally the result of cash generated from operations and the proceeds from the issuance of common stock following stock option exercises. These increases to cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were partially offset by cash used for repurchases of our common stock and capital expenditures and cash used for business combinations and other investing activities. Cash generated from operations was positively impacted by higher net revenue.

 

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The primary source for net cash provided by operating activities of $250.6 million for the six months ended July 31, 2010 was net income of $96.8 million increased by the effect of non-cash expenses totaling $107.3 million primarily associated with depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation. In addition, net cash flow provided by changes in operating assets and liabilities was $46.5 million.

The primary working capital sources of cash were a decrease in accounts receivable, an increase in deferred revenue and an increase in accounts payable. Our days sales outstanding in trade receivables was 44 days at July 31, 2010 compared to 55 days at January 31, 2010. The decrease in days sales outstanding was primarily due to the seasonality of our maintenance billings, as the fourth quarter has the most significant maintenance billings of our fiscal year. We typically experience a reduction in days sales outstanding between the fourth quarter and subsequent quarters. The increase in deferred revenue was primarily due to the year over year increase in net maintenance billings. The increase in accounts payable was due to an extension of payment terms with our largest vendors for purposes of improving our cash conversion cycle. The primary working capital uses of cash were for payment of accrued expenses primarily related to our fiscal 2010 employee bonus accrual and fourth quarter fiscal 2010 commissions and payments under our restructuring plans. We expect net cash flows provided by operating activities to be higher in the third quarter of fiscal 2011 than in the same period of the prior fiscal year.

At July 31, 2010, our short-term investment portfolio had an estimated fair value of $236.6 million and a cost basis of $237.8 million. The portfolio fair value consisted of $84.3 million invested in commercial paper and corporate securities, $45.5 million invested in U.S. government agency securities, $29.5 million invested in certificates of deposit and time deposits with original maturities greater than 90 days and less than one year, $28.7 million invested in mutual funds, $25.0 million invested in U.S. treasury securities, $10.0 million invested in money market funds, $9.0 million invested in sovereign debt, $4.3 million invested in municipal securities, and $0.3 million invested in other short-term securities.

At July 31, 2010, we had an investment in The Reserve International Liquidity Fund (the “International Fund”), a money market fund with an estimated fair value of $10.0 million. During the third quarter of fiscal 2009, the International Fund ceased redemptions after net asset values of the funds decreased below $1 per share. We expect to recover substantially all of our current holdings, net of reserves, from the International Fund within the next 12 months. Accordingly, the International Fund is classified in current “Marketable securities” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

At July 31, 2010, we owned two auction rate securities with an estimated fair value of $7.6 million. The securities, which met our investment guidelines at the time the investments were made, have failed to settle in auctions since August 2007 and have earned a premium interest rate since that time. While we expect to recover substantially all of our current holdings, net of reserves, in the auction rate securities, we cannot predict when this will occur or the amount we will receive. Due to the lack of liquidity of these investments, they are included in non-current “Marketable securities” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 4, “Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities,” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of our financial instruments.

At July 31, 2010, $28.7 million of trading securities were invested in a defined set of mutual funds as directed by the participants in our Deferred Compensation Plan (see Note 8, “Deferred Compensation,” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion).

Long-term cash requirements for items other than normal operating expenses are anticipated for the following: stock repurchases; the acquisition of businesses, software products, or technologies complementary to our business; capital expenditures, including the purchase and implementation of internal-use software applications; and funding restructuring costs.

 

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As of July 31, 2010, there have been no material changes in our contractual obligations or commercial commitments compared to those we disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010.

Our cash, cash equivalent and marketable securities balances are concentrated in a few locations around the world, with a substantial amount held outside of the U.S. We believe that such dispersion is appropriate and meets our business and liquidity needs. A portion of this cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities could be subject to certain taxes, including U.S. income taxes, in the event we believe repatriation to the U.S. is appropriate.

Our existing cash, cash equivalents and investment balances may decline during the remainder of fiscal 2011 in the event of a weakening of the economy or changes in our planned cash outlay. Cash from operations could also be affected by various risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to the risks detailed in Part II, Item 1A titled “Risk Factors.” However, based on our current business plan and revenue prospects, we believe that our existing worldwide balances, our anticipated cash flows from operations and our available credit facility is sufficient to meet our worldwide working capital and operating resource expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.

Our revenue, earnings and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Our risk management strategy utilizes derivative instruments to hedge a portion of our foreign currency transaction exposures that exist as part of our ongoing business operations. As of July 31, 2010, we have open contracts to hedge expected cash flows for 1 to 12 months in the future. Contracts are primarily denominated in euros, Japanese yen, Swiss francs, British pounds and Canadian dollars. We do not enter into any derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The notional amount of our option and forward contracts was $266.3 million and $239.1 million at July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010, respectively.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

In December 2007, our Board of Directors approved a plan which authorized the repurchase of up to 20.0 million shares. The purpose of the stock repurchase program is to help offset the dilution to net income per share caused by the issuance of stock under our employee stock plans and has the effect of returning excess cash generated from our business to stockholders. The number of shares acquired and the timing of the purchases are based on several factors, including general market conditions, the volume of employee stock option exercises and the issuance of shares through our ESP Plan, the pool of existing outstanding options and the grant of new options, the trading price of our common stock, cash on hand and available in the U.S., and company defined trading windows. During the three months ended July 31, 2010, we repurchased 2.5 million shares of our common stock. At July 31, 2010, 9.0 million shares remained available for repurchase under the existing repurchase authorization. See Note 15, “Common Stock Repurchase Program,” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

The following table provides information about the repurchase of our common stock in open-market transactions during the quarter ended July 31, 2010:

 

(Shares in thousands)    Total Number of
Shares
Purchased
   Average Price
Paid per Share
   Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs (1)
   Maximum
Number of
Shares that May
Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs (2)

May 1 - May 31

   500    $ 28.91    500    10,957

June 1 - June 30

   2,002      27.96    2,002    8,955

July 1 - July 31

   —        —      —      8,955
                     

Total

   2,502    $ 28.15    2,502    8,955
                     

 

(1)

Represents shares purchased in open-market transactions under the stock repurchase plan approved by the Board of Directors.

(2)

These amounts correspond to a plan approved by the Board of Directors in December 2007 that authorized the repurchase of 20.0 million shares. This plan does not have a fixed expiration date.

There were no sales of unregistered securities during the three months ended July 31, 2010.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Other than operating leases, we do not engage in off-balance sheet financing arrangements or have any variable-interest entities. As of July 31, 2010, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K.

 

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Our revenue, earnings and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Our risk management strategy utilizes foreign currency contracts to manage our foreign currency exposures that exist as part of our ongoing business operations. As of July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010, we had open contracts to hedge expected cash flows for 1 to 12 months in the future in order to reduce our exposure to foreign currency volatility. Contracts were primarily denominated in euros, Japanese yen, Swiss francs, British pounds and Canadian dollars. We do not enter into any foreign exchange derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The notional amount of our option and forward contracts was $266.3 million and $239.1 million at July 31, 2010 and January 31, 2010, respectively.

We utilize foreign currency contracts to reduce the exchange rate impact on the net revenue and operating expenses of certain anticipated transactions. A sensitivity analysis performed on our hedging portfolio as of July 31, 2010 indicated that a hypothetical 10% appreciation of the U.S. dollar from its value at July 31, 2010 would increase the fair value of our foreign currency contracts by $23.0 million. A hypothetical 10% depreciation of the dollar from its value at July 31, 2010 would decrease the fair value of our foreign currency contracts by $12.3 million. We do not anticipate any material adverse impact to our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows as a result of these foreign currency contracts.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate movements affect both the interest income we earn on our short-term investments and, to a lesser extent, the market value of certain longer term securities. At July 31, 2010, we had $561.9 million of cash equivalents. With an average cash equivalent investment balance for the quarter of approximately $588.3 million, if interest rates were to increase (decrease) by 10% over current average rates, this would result in a $0.2 million increase (decrease) in annual interest income. Further, at July 31, 2010, we had approximately $420.7 million invested in a short and long term marketable security portfolios which, with 50 and 100 basis point moves, would result in market value changes (gains or losses) of $2.0 million and $4.0 million over both 6 and 12 month periods, respectively. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio to manage interest rate risk.

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to Autodesk’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management.

Our disclosure controls and procedures include components of our internal control over financial reporting. Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will necessarily prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Autodesk have been detected.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) during the quarter ended July 31, 2010 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

 

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Information with respect to this Item may be found in Note 14, “Commitments and Contingencies,” of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q, which information is incorporated into this Item by reference.

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

We operate in a rapidly changing environment that involves significant risks, a number of which are beyond our control. In addition to the other information contained in this Form 10-Q, the following discussion highlights some of these risks and the possible impact of these factors on our business, financial condition and future results of operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely impacted, causing the trading price of our common stock to decline. In addition, these risks and uncertainties may impact the “forward-looking” statements described elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and in the documents incorporated herein by reference. They could affect our actual results of operations, causing them to differ materially from those expressed in “forward-looking” statements.

Weakness in the global economy and the recent global financial crisis may continue to impact our business, financial results and financial condition.

As our business has expanded globally, we have increasingly become subject to risks arising from adverse changes in domestic and global economic and political conditions. The past two years have been characterized by weak global economic conditions, a tightening in the credit markets, a low level of liquidity in many financial markets, and extreme volatility in many financial instrument markets. Although these conditions appear to be abating, it is not yet clear whether a sustainable recovery is currently taking place on a worldwide basis.

These conditions have led to our customers deferring, reducing or cancelling purchases in response to tighter credit, negative financial news and weaker financial performance of their businesses. Over the past two years, many of our customers have reduced their workforces, thereby reducing the number of licenses and the number of maintenance contracts they purchase from us.

These actions have negatively impacted and may continue to negatively impact our business, financial results and financial condition. In addition, the negative effect these factors have had on our cash flows has caused us to restructure our business and in turn incur restructuring charges as well as take impairment charges on some of our long-term assets, and may cause us to take additional restructuring actions and charges in the future. In addition, our financial results and condition have been and may continue to be impacted by:

 

   

the credit risk and insolvency of key channel partners impairing our distribution channels and cash flows;

 

   

counterparty failures negatively impacting our treasury functions, including timely access to our cash reserves and third-party fulfillment of hedging transactions;

 

   

counterparty failures negatively affecting insured risks;

 

   

increased expense or inability to obtain short-term financing if banks providing our line of credit are unable to lend us money when it is needed for our operations; and

 

   

decreased borrowing and spending by our end users on small and large projects in the industries we serve, thereby reducing demand for our products.

 

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The actions that we have taken in response to the global economic slowdown and our related business slowdown have been costly and may not be as effective as anticipated, and we may be forced to take additional actions to reduce our expenses and stimulate demand for our products.

We have taken actions to reduce our cost structure to more closely align our costs with our revenue levels. In taking these actions, we are attempting to balance the cost of such initiatives against the longer term benefit of such initiatives and our overall competitive strategy. In taking these actions, we have incurred additional costs in the short term that have had and may continue to have the effect of reducing our operating margins. If we do not achieve the proper balance of these cost reduction initiatives, we may eliminate critical elements of our operations, the loss of which could negatively impact our ability to benefit from an economic recovery. We cannot assure that our cost cutting efforts will achieve appropriate levels of expenses and future economic conditions may require that we take additional actions in the future.

In addition, we have taken and continue to take actions to stimulate demand for our products through a number of programs. Although we are attempting to balance the cost of these programs against the longer term benefits, it is possible that we will make such investments without corresponding increases in demand for our products and our revenue. This would further reduce our operating margins and have a negative impact on our financial results.

A significant portion of our revenue is generated through maintenance revenue; decreases in maintenance attach or renewal rates, or a decrease in the number of new licenses we sell negatively impacts our future revenue and operating results.

Our maintenance customers have no obligation to attach maintenance to their initial license or renew their maintenance contract after the expiration of their initial maintenance period, which is typically one year. Our customers’ attach and renewal rates may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including the health of their business, and the perceived value of the maintenance program. If our customers do not attach maintenance to their initial license or renew their maintenance contract for our products, our maintenance revenue will decline, and our business will suffer. In addition, a portion of the growth of our maintenance revenue has typically been associated with growth of the number of licenses that we sell. Any reduction in the number of licenses that we sell, even if our customers’ attach rates do not change, will have a negative impact on our future maintenance revenue. This in turn would impact our business and harm our financial results.

We recognize the revenue ratably over the term of the maintenance contracts, which is predominantly one year, but may also be two or three year terms. Decreases in net maintenance billings will negatively impact future maintenance revenue, however future maintenance revenue will also be impacted by other factors such as the amount, timing and mix of contract terms of future billings.

Our operating results fluctuate within each quarter and from quarter to quarter making our future revenue and operating results difficult to predict.

Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated in the past and may do so in the future. These fluctuations could cause our stock price to change significantly or experience declines. In addition to the other factors described in this Part II, Item 1A, some of the factors that could cause our operating results to fluctuate include:

 

   

general market, economic and business conditions, including the impact of sales in particular geographies, including emerging economies,

 

   

lower growth or contraction of our upgrade or maintenance programs,

 

   

fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and the success of our hedging activity,

 

   

failure to expand our AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT products customer base to related vertical design products and model-based design products,

 

   

the timing of the introduction of new products by us or our competitors,

 

   

the success of new business or sales initiatives,

 

   

the financial and business condition of our reseller and distribution channels,

 

   

weak or negative growth in the industries we serve including architecture, engineering and construction, manufacturing, geospatial mapping and digital media and entertainment markets,

 

   

failure to achieve anticipated levels of customer acceptance of key new applications,

 

   

restructuring or other accounting charges and unexpected costs or other operating expenses,

 

   

pricing pressure or changes in product pricing or product mix,

 

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platform changes,

 

   

timing of product releases and retirements,

 

   

failure to continue momentum of frequent release cycles or to move a significant number of customers from prior product versions in connection with our programs to retire major products,

 

   

failure to accurately predict the impact of acquired businesses or to identify and realize the anticipated benefits of acquisitions, and successfully integrate such acquired businesses and technologies,

 

   

unexpected or negative outcomes of matters and expenses relating to litigation or regulatory inquiries,

 

   

failure to achieve and maintain planned cost reductions and productivity increases,

 

   

changes in tax laws or regulations or accounting rules, such as increased use of fair value measures and the potential requirement that U.S. registrants prepare financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”),

 

   

changes in sales compensation practices,

 

   

the timing of large sales,

 

   

failure to effectively implement our copyright legalization programs, especially in developing countries,

 

   

failure to achieve sufficient sell-through in our channels for new or existing products,

 

   

renegotiation or termination of royalty or intellectual property arrangements,

 

   

interruptions or terminations in the business of our consultants or third party developers,

 

   

the timing and degree of expected investments in growth and efficiency opportunities, and

 

   

failure to achieve continued success in technology advancements.

We have also experienced fluctuations in operating results in interim periods in certain geographic regions due to seasonality or regional economic conditions. In particular, our operating results in Europe during our third quarter are usually affected by a slow summer period, and our Asia Pacific operations typically experience seasonal slowing in our third and fourth quarters.

Our operating expenses are based in part on our expectations for future revenue and are relatively fixed in the short term. Accordingly, any revenue shortfall below expectations could have an immediate and significant adverse effect on our profitability. Greater than anticipated expenses or a failure to maintain rigorous cost controls would also negatively affect profitability. Further, gross margins may be adversely affected if our sales of Creative Finishing products, which historically have had lower margins, grow at a faster rate than sales of our higher-margin products.

Net revenue or earnings shortfalls or the volatility of the market generally may cause the market price of our stock to decline.

The market price for our common stock has experienced significant fluctuations and may continue to fluctuate significantly. The market price for our common stock may be affected by a number of factors, including:

 

   

shortfalls in our expected net revenue, earnings or key performance metrics;

 

   

changes in estimates of future results or recommendations by securities analysts;

 

   

the announcement of new products or product enhancements by us or our competitors;

 

   

quarterly variations in our or our competitors’ results of operations;

 

   

developments in our industry;

 

   

unusual events such as significant acquisitions, divestitures, regulatory actions and litigation;

 

   

changes in laws, rules or regulations applicable to our business;

 

   

general socio-economic, political or market conditions; and

 

   

other factors, including factors unrelated to our operating performance, such as instability affecting the economy or the operating performance of our competitors.

 

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Significant changes in the price of our common stock could expose us to additional costly and time-consuming litigation. Historically, after periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, a company becomes more susceptible to securities class action litigation. This type of litigation is often expensive and diverts management’s attention and resources.

If we are not able to adequately protect our proprietary rights, our business could be harmed.

We rely on a combination of patent, copyright and trademark laws, trade secret protections, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect our proprietary rights. Despite such efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties from time to time have copied aspects of our software products or have obtained and used information that we regard as proprietary. Policing unauthorized use of our software products is time-consuming and costly. While we have recovered some revenue resulting from the unauthorized use of our software products, we are unable to measure the extent to which piracy of our software products exists and software piracy can be expected to be a persistent problem. Furthermore, our means of protecting our proprietary rights may not be adequate.

Additionally, we actively protect the secrecy of our confidential information and trade secrets, including our source code. If unauthorized disclosure of our source code occurs, we could potentially lose future trade secret protection for that source code. The loss of future trade secret protection could make it easier for third-parties to compete with our products by copying functionality, which could adversely affect our financial performance and our reputation. We also seek to protect our confidential information and trade secrets through the use of non-disclosure agreements with our customers, contractors, vendors, and partners. However it is possible that our confidential information and trade secrets may be disclosed or published without our authorization. If this were to occur, it may be difficult and/or costly for us to enforce our rights, and our financial performance and reputation could be negatively impacted.

We may face intellectual property infringement claims that could be costly to defend and result in our loss of significant rights.

As more software patents are granted worldwide, the number of products and competitors in our industry segments grow and the functionality of products in different industry segments overlap, we expect that software product developers will be increasingly subject to infringement claims. Infringement or misappropriation claims have in the past been, and may in the future be, asserted against us, and any such assertions could harm our business. Additionally, certain patent holders without products have become more aggressive in threatening and pursuing litigation in attempts to obtain fees for licensing the right to use patents. Any such claims or threats, whether with or without merit, have been and could in the future be time-consuming to defend, result in costly litigation and diversion of resources, cause product shipment delays or require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements. In addition, such royalty or license agreements, if required, may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all, which would likely harm our business.

If we do not maintain our relationships with the members of our distribution channel, or achieve anticipated levels of sell-through, our ability to generate revenue will be adversely affected. If our distribution channel suffers financial losses, becomes financially unstable or insolvent, or is not provided the right mix of incentives to sell our products, our ability to generate revenue will be adversely affected.

We sell our software products both directly to end-users and through a network of distributors and resellers. For each of the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, approximately 85% of our revenue was derived from indirect channel sales through distributors and resellers, and we expect that the majority of our revenue will continue to be derived from indirect channel sales in the future. Our ability to effectively distribute our products depends in part upon the financial and business condition of our distributor and reseller network. Computer software distributors and resellers typically are not highly capitalized, have previously experienced difficulties during times of economic contraction and are experiencing difficulties in the current economic environment. We have processes to ensure that we assess the creditworthiness of distributors and resellers prior to our sales to them. In the past we have taken steps to support them, and may take additional steps in the future, such as extending credit terms and providing temporary discounts, which could harm our operating results. If our distributors and resellers were to become insolvent, their inability to maintain their business and sales, as well as to provide customer support services, would negatively impact our business and revenue.

We rely significantly upon major distributors and resellers in both the U.S. and international regions, including distributors Tech Data Corporation and its global affiliates (“Tech Data”). Tech Data accounted for 15% and 16% of our consolidated net revenue for the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, respectively, and 14% during each of the three and six month periods ended July 31, 2009.

 

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Over time, we have modified and will continue to modify aspects of our relationship with our distributors and resellers, such as their incentive programs, pricing to them and our distribution model to motivate and reward them for aligning their businesses with our strategy and business objectives. Changes in these relationships and underlying programs could negatively impact their business and harm our business. In addition, the loss of or a significant reduction in business with those distributors or resellers or the failure to achieve anticipated levels of sell-through with any one of our major international distributors or large resellers could harm our business. In particular, if one or more of such distributors or resellers were unable to meet their obligations with respect to accounts payable to us, we could be forced to write off such accounts and may be required to delay the recognition of revenue on future sales to these customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in a given period.

Because we derive a substantial portion of our net revenue from our top several products, including our AutoCAD-based software products, if these products are not successful, our net revenue will be adversely affected.

We derive a substantial portion of our net revenue from sales of licenses of a small number of our products, including AutoCAD software, products based on AutoCAD that serve specific vertical markets, upgrades to those products and products that are interoperable with AutoCAD. As such, any factor adversely affecting sales of these products, including the product release cycle, market acceptance, product competition, performance and reliability, reputation, price competition, economic and market conditions and the availability of third-party applications, would likely harm our operating results. During the three and six months ended July 31, 2010, combined revenue from our AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT products represented 34% and 35% of our consolidated net revenue, respectively.

We are subject to litigation and regulatory inquiries, and we may be named in additional litigation or become involved in regulatory inquiries in the future, all of which are costly, distracting to our core business and could result in an unfavorable outcome, resulting in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and the trading price for our securities.

We are involved in litigation and receive inquiries from regulatory agencies. As the global economy has changed and our business has evolved, we have seen an increase in litigation activity. In addition, like many other high technology companies, the number and frequency of inquiries from U.S. and foreign regulatory agencies we have received regarding our business and our business practices and the business practices of others in our industry have increased in recent years. In the event that we are involved in significant disputes or are the subject of a formal action by a regulatory agency, we could be exposed to costly and time consuming legal proceedings that could result in any number of outcomes. While outcomes of such actions vary, any claims or regulatory actions initiated by or against us, whether successful or not, could result in expensive costs of defense, costly damage awards, injunctive relief, increased costs of business, fines or orders to change certain business practices, significant dedication of management time, diversion of significant operational resources, or otherwise harm our business. In any of these cases, our financial results could be negatively impacted.

We are dependent on international revenue and operations, exposing us to significant regulatory, global economic, intellectual property, collections, currency exchange rate, taxation and other risks, which could adversely impact our financial results.

We are dependent on our international operations for a significant portion of our revenue. Our international revenue, including that from emerging economies, is subject to general economic and political conditions in foreign markets, including conditions in foreign markets resulting from economic and political conditions in the U.S. Our revenue is also impacted by the relative geographical and country mix of our revenue over time. These factors have recently adversely impacted and may in the future adversely impact our international revenue, and consequently our business as a whole. Further, our dependency on international revenue makes us much more exposed to global economic trends, which can negatively impact our financial results, even if our results in the U.S. are strong for a particular period.

In addition, we anticipate that our international operations will continue to account for a significant portion of our net revenue, and, as we expand our international development, sales and marketing expertise, will provide significant support to our overall efforts in countries outside of the U.S. Risks inherent in our international operations include fluctuating currency exchange rates, including risks related to any hedging activities we undertake, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements and practices, delays resulting from difficulty in obtaining export licenses for certain technology, tariffs, quotas and other trade barriers and restrictions, transportation delays, operating in locations with a higher incidence of corruption and fraudulent business practices, difficulties in staffing and managing foreign sales and development operations, longer collection cycles for accounts receivable, potential changes in tax laws, tax arrangements with foreign governments, including our ability to meet and review the terms of those tax arrangements, and laws regarding the management of data, possible future limitations upon foreign owned businesses, increased financial accounting and reporting burdens and complexities, inadequate local infrastructure, greater difficulty in protecting intellectual property, and other factors beyond our control, including terrorism, war, natural disasters and diseases.

 

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Existing and increased competition may reduce our net revenue and profits.

The software industry has limited barriers to entry, and the availability of desktop computers with continually expanding performance at progressively lower prices contributes to the ease of market entry. The markets in which we compete are characterized by vigorous competition, both by entry of competitors with innovative technologies and by consolidation of companies with complementary products and technologies. In addition, some of our competitors in certain markets have greater financial, technical, sales and marketing and other resources. Furthermore, a reduction in the number and availability of compatible third-party applications may adversely affect the sale of our products. Because of these and other factors, competitive conditions in the industry are likely to intensify in the future. Increased competition could result in continued price reductions, reduced net revenue and profit margins and loss of market share, any of which would likely harm our business.

We believe that our future results depend largely upon our ability to offer products that compete favorably with respect to reliability, performance, ease of use, range of useful features, continuing product enhancements, reputation and price.

A breach of security in our products or computer systems may compromise the integrity of our products, harm our reputation, create additional liability and adversely impact our financial results.

We make significant efforts to maintain the security and integrity of our product source code and computer systems. There appears to be an increasing number of computer “hackers” developing and deploying a variety of destructive software programs (such as viruses, worms, and the like) that could attack our products and computer systems. Despite significant efforts to create security barriers to such programs, it is virtually impossible for us to entirely mitigate this risk. Like all software products, our software is vulnerable to such attacks. The impact of such an attack could disrupt the proper functioning of our software products, cause errors in the output of our customers’ work, allow unauthorized access to sensitive, proprietary or confidential information of ours or our customers and other destructive outcomes. If this were to occur, our reputation may suffer, customers may stop buying our products, we could face lawsuits and potential liability and our financial performance could be negatively impacted.

While we believe we currently have adequate internal control over financial reporting, we are required to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and any adverse results from such evaluation could result in a loss of investor confidence in our financial reports and have an adverse effect on our stock price.

Pursuant to Section 404, we are required to furnish a report by our management on our internal control over financial reporting. The report contains, among other matters, an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of our fiscal year, including a statement as to whether or not our internal control over financial reporting is effective. This assessment must include disclosure of any material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting identified by management.

While we have determined in our Management Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010, that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of January 31, 2010, we must continue to monitor and assess our internal control over financial reporting. If our management identifies one or more material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and such weakness remains uncorrected at fiscal year end, we will be unable to assert such internal control is effective at fiscal year end. If we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective at fiscal year-end (or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal controls or concludes that we have a material weakness in our internal controls), we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which would likely have an adverse effect on our business and stock price.

In preparing our financial statements we make certain assumptions, judgments and estimates that affect amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements, which, if not accurate, may significantly impact our financial results.

We make assumptions, judgments and estimates for a number of items, including the fair value of goodwill, financial instruments, long-lived assets and other intangible assets, the realizability of deferred tax assets and the fair value of stock awards. We also make assumptions, judgments and estimates in determining the accruals for employee related liabilities including commissions, bonuses, and sabbaticals; and in determining the accruals for uncertain tax positions, partner incentive programs, product returns reserves, allowances for doubtful accounts, asset retirement obligations and legal contingencies. These assumptions, judgments and estimates are drawn from historical experience and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ materially from our estimates, and such differences could significantly impact our financial results.

 

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Changes in existing financial accounting standards or practices, or taxation rules or practices may adversely affect our results of operations.

Changes in existing accounting or taxation rules or practices, new accounting pronouncements or taxation rules, or varying interpretations of current accounting pronouncements or taxation practice could have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations or the manner in which we conduct our business. Further, such changes could potentially affect our reporting of transactions completed before such changes are effective.

For example, the U.S.-based Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) is currently working together with the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) on several projects to further align accounting principles and facilitate more comparable financial reporting between companies who are required to follow GAAP under SEC regulations and those who are required to follow IFRS. The projects currently being worked on by the FASB and IASB may result in different accounting principles under GAAP that may result in materially different financial results for us in areas including, but not limited to, principles for recognizing revenue, lease accounting and financial statement presentation.

In addition, the SEC has stated that it intends to make a determination in 2011 about whether to incorporate IFRS into the financial reporting system for U.S. companies. A change in accounting principles from GAAP to IFRS may have a material impact on the way in which we report financial results.

It is not clear to us when these potential changes in accounting principles will be effective, whether we have the proper systems and controls in place to accommodate such changes and the impact that these changes will have on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, as we evolve and change our business and sales models, we are currently unable to take into account how these potential changes would impact these new models, particularly in the area of revenue recognition.

We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates that could negatively impact our financial results and cash flows.

Because we conduct a substantial portion of our business outside the U.S. and we make certain business and resource decisions based on assumptions about foreign currency, we face exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. These exposures may change over time as business practices evolve and economic conditions change, and they could have a material adverse impact on our financial results and cash flows.

We use derivative instruments to manage a portion of our earnings exposure and cash flow exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. As part of our risk management strategy, we use foreign currency contracts to manage a portion of our exposures of underlying assets, liabilities and other obligations, which exist as part of our ongoing business operations. These foreign currency instruments have maturities that extend for 1 to 12 months in the future, and provide us with some protection against currency exposures. Our attempts to hedge against these risks may not be successful, resulting in an adverse impact on our financial results.

The fluctuations of currencies in which we conduct business can both increase and decrease our overall revenue and expenses for any given fiscal period. Although we have expanded our foreign currency cash flow hedge program beyond the current quarter to a longer term program in order to reduce our exposure to foreign currency volatility, we do not attempt to completely mitigate this risk, and in any case, will incur transaction fees in adopting such hedging programs. Such volatility, even when it increases our revenues or decreases our expenses, impacts our ability to accurately predict our future results and earnings.

Our investment portfolio is composed of a variety of investment vehicles in a number of countries that are subject to interest rate trends, market volatility and other economic factors. If general economic conditions further cause interest rates to decline, credit ratings of our investments to deteriorate, or illiquidity in the financial marketplace, we may continue to experience a decline in interest income, an inability to sell our investments, or impairment in the value of our investments.

It is our policy to invest our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities in highly liquid instruments with, and in the custody of, financial institutions with high credit ratings and to limit the amounts invested with any one institution, type of security and issuer. However, we are subject to general economic conditions, interest rate trends and volatility in the financial marketplace that can affect the income that we receive from our investments, the net realizable value of our investments (including our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities) and our ability to sell them. In the U.S., for example, the yields on our portfolio securities are very low due to general economic conditions. Any one of these factors could reduce our interest income, or result in material charges, which in turn could impact our overall net income and earnings per share.

For example, if we were to experience a loss on any of these investments that loss may cause us to record an other-than-temporary impairment charge. The effect of this charge could impact our overall net income and earnings per share. In any of these scenarios, our liquidity may be negatively impacted, which in turn may prohibit us from making investments in our business, taking advantage of opportunities and potentially meeting our financial obligations as they come due.

 

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Our strategy to develop and introduce new product and service offerings, including new product features, exposes us to risks such as limited customer acceptance, costs related to product defects and large expenditures that may not result in additional net revenue.

Rapid technological changes, as well as changes in customer requirements and preferences, characterize the software industry. We devote significant resources to the development of new technologies, such as our vertical design products and our digital prototyping and collaboration products. In addition, we frequently introduce new business models or methods that require a considerable investment of technical and financial resources. We are making such investments through further development and enhancement of our existing products, as well as through acquisitions of new product lines. Such investments may not result in sufficient revenue generation to justify their costs, or competitors may introduce new products and services that achieve acceptance among our current customers, adversely affecting our competitive position.

In particular, a critical component of our growth strategy is to have customers of our AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT products expand their portfolios to include our related vertical design products and our model-based design products such as our Autodesk Inventor products, our Autodesk Revit products, our AutoCAD Civil 3D products and our Autodesk Navisworks products. Should sales of licenses of our AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT products decrease without a corresponding increase in vertical design and model-based design product revenue or without purchases of customer seats to our vertical design products and model-based design products, our results of operations will be adversely affected.

Additionally, the software products we offer are complex, and despite extensive testing and quality control, may contain errors or defects. These errors or defects could result in the need for corrective releases to our software products, damage to our reputation, loss of revenue, an increase in product returns or lack of market acceptance of our products, any of which would likely harm our business.

Further, given the rapid speed of changing customer expectations and advancement of technology inherent in the software industry, as well as the extensive and complex efforts required to create useful and widely accepted products, our executive management team must act quickly, continuously and with vision. Although we have articulated a strategy that we believe will fulfill these challenges, if we fail to execute properly on that strategy, adapt that strategy as market conditions evolve, fail to internalize and execute on that strategy, we may fail to meet our customers’ expectations, fail to compete with our competitors’ products and technology and lose the confidence of our channel partners and employees. This in turn could adversely affect our business and financial performance.

From time to time we introduce new business and sales initiatives; if we fail to successfully execute and manage these initiatives, our results of operations could be negatively impacted.

As part of our effort to accommodate our customer’s needs and demands, we from time to time evolve our business and sales initiatives. We may take such actions without clear indications that they will prove successful. Market acceptance of any new business or sales initiative is dependent on our ability to match our customer’s needs at the right time and price. Often we have limited prior experience and operating history in these new areas of emphasis. If any of our assumptions about expenses, revenue or revenue recognition principles from these initiatives proves incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, and our financial results will be negatively impacted.

Our business could suffer as a result of risks, costs and charges associated with strategic acquisitions and investments.

We regularly acquire or invest in businesses, software products and technologies that are complementary to our business through acquisitions, strategic alliances or equity investments. The risks associated with such acquisitions include, among others, the difficulty of assimilating products, operations and personnel, the failure to realize anticipated revenue and cost projections, the requirement to test and assimilate the internal control processes of the acquired business in accordance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and the diversion of management’s time and attention.

In addition, such acquisitions and investments involve other risks such as:

 

   

the inability to retain customers, vendors, distributors, business partners, and other entities associated with the acquired business;

 

   

the potential impact on relationships with existing customers, vendors, distributors as business partners as a result of acquiring another business;

 

   

the potential that due diligence of the acquired business or product does not identify significant problems;

 

   

the potential for incompatible business cultures; and

 

   

significant transaction or integration-related costs.

 

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We may not be successful in overcoming such risks, and such acquisitions and investments may negatively impact our business. In addition, such acquisitions and investments have in the past and may in the future contribute to potential fluctuations in our quarterly results of operations. These fluctuations could arise from transaction-related costs and charges associated with eliminating redundant expenses or write-offs of impaired assets recorded in connection with acquisitions and investments. These costs or charges could negatively impact our results of operations for a given period, cause quarter to quarter variability in our operating results or negatively impact our operating results for several future periods.

Our business could be adversely affected if we are unable to attract and retain key personnel.

Our success and ability to invest and grow depend largely on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled technical, professional, managerial, sales and marketing personnel. Historically, competition for these key personnel has been intense. The loss of services of any of our key personnel (including key personnel joining our company through acquisitions), the inability to retain and attract qualified personnel in the future, or delays in hiring required personnel, particularly engineering and sales personnel, could make it difficult to meet key objectives, such as timely and effective product introductions and financial goals.

Our operating results could be negatively impacted if our tax positions are successfully challenged by tax authorities.

We are a U.S.-based multinational company subject to tax in multiple U.S. and foreign tax jurisdictions. Our effective tax rate is based on our expected geographic mix of earnings, statutory rates, intercompany transfer pricing, and enacted tax rules. Significant judgment is required in determining our effective tax rate and in evaluating our tax positions on a worldwide basis. We believe our tax positions, including intercompany transfer pricing policies, are consistent with the tax laws in the jurisdictions in which we conduct our business. It is possible that these positions may be challenged by jurisdictional tax authorities and may have a significant impact on our effective tax rate.

We rely on third party technologies and if we are unable to use or integrate these technologies, our product and service development may be delayed and our operating results negatively impacted.

We rely on certain software that we license from third parties, including software that is integrated with internally developed software and used in our products to perform key functions. These third-party software licenses may not continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms, and the software may not be appropriately supported, maintained or enhanced by the licensors. The loss of licenses to, or inability to support, maintain and enhance any such software could result in increased costs, or in delays or reductions in product shipments until equivalent software can be developed, identified, licensed and integrated, which would likely harm our business.

Disruptions with licensing relationships and third party developers could adversely impact our business.

We license certain key technologies from third parties. Licenses may be restricted in the term or the use of such technology in ways that negatively affect our business. Similarly, we may not be able to obtain or renew license agreements for key technology on favorable terms, if at all, and any failure to do so could harm our business.

Our business strategy has historically depended in part on our relationships with third-party developers who provide products that expand the functionality of our design software. Some developers may elect to support other products or may experience disruption in product development and delivery cycles or financial pressure during periods of economic downturn. In particular markets, such disruptions have in the past, and would likely in the future, negatively impact these third-party developers and end users, which could harm our business.

Additionally, technology created by outsourced product development, whether outsourced to third parties or developed externally and transferred to us through business or technology acquisitions, have certain additional risks such as effective integration into existing products, adequate transfer of technology know-how and ownership and protection of transferred intellectual property.

 

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As a result of our strategy of partnering with other companies for product development, our product delivery schedules could be adversely affected if we experience difficulties with our product development partners.

We partner with certain independent firms and contractors to perform some of our product development activities. We believe our partnering strategy allows us to, among other things, achieve efficiencies in developing new products and maintaining and enhancing existing product offerings. Our partnering strategy creates a dependency on such independent developers. Independent developers, including those who currently develop products for us in the U.S. and throughout the world, may not be able or willing to provide development support to us in the future. In addition, use of development resources through consulting relationships, particularly in non-U.S. jurisdictions with developing legal systems, may be adversely impacted by, and expose us to risks relating to, evolving employment, export and intellectual property laws. These risks could, among other things, expose our intellectual property to misappropriation and result in disruptions to product delivery schedules.

We rely on third-parties to provide us with a number of operational services, including hosting and delivery, certain of our customer services operations as well as some of our operations; any interruption or delay in service from these third parties, breaches of security or privacy, or failures in data collection could expose us to liability, harm our reputation and adversely impact our financial performance.

We rely on hosted computer services from third parties for services that we provide our customers and computer operations for our internal use. As we gather customer data and host certain customer data in third-party facilities, a security breach could compromise the integrity or availability of customer data. In addition, our operations could be negatively affected in the event of a security breach, and we could be subject to the loss or theft of confidential or proprietary information, including source code. Unauthorized access to this data may be obtained through break-ins, breach of our secure network by an unauthorized party, employee theft or misuse, or other misconduct.

We rely on a number of third party suppliers in the operation of our business for the provision of various services and materials that we use in the operation of our business and production of our products. Although we seek to diversify our third party suppliers, we may from time to time rely on a single or limited number of suppliers, or upon suppliers in a single country, for these services or materials. The inability of such third parties to satisfy our requirements could disrupt our business operations or make it more difficult for us to implement our business strategy. If any of these situations were to occur, our reputation could be harmed, we could be subject to third party liability, including under data protection and privacy laws in certain jurisdictions, and our financial performance could be negatively impacted.

We regularly invest resources to update and improve our internal information technology systems. Should our investments not succeed, or if delays or other issues with new or existing internal technology systems disrupt our operations, our business could be harmed.

We rely on our network and data center infrastructure, internal technology systems and our websites for our development, marketing, operational, support, sales, accounting and financial reporting activities. We are continually investing resources to update and improve these systems and environments in order to meet the growing requirements of our business and customers. Such improvements are often complex, costly and time consuming. In addition, such improvements can be challenging to integrate with our existing technology systems, or uncover problems with our existing technology systems. Unsuccessful implementation of hardware or software updates and improvements could result in disruption in our business operations, loss of revenue, errors in our accounting and financial reporting or damage to our reputation.

Our business may be significantly disrupted upon the occurrence of a catastrophic event.

Our business is highly automated and relies extensively on the availability of our network and data center infrastructure, our internal technology systems and our websites. We also rely on hosted computer services from third parties for services that we provide to our customers and computer operations for our internal use. The failure of our systems or hosted computer services due to a catastrophic event, such as an earthquake, fire, flood, weather event, telecommunications failure, power failure, cyber attack or war, could adversely impact our business, financial results and financial condition. We have developed disaster recovery plans and maintain backup systems in order to reduce the potential impact of a catastrophic event, however there can be no assurance that these plans and systems would enable us to return to normal business operations.

 

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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

There were no sales of unregistered securities during the three months ended July 31, 2010.

The information concerning issuer purchases of equity securities required by this Item is incorporated by reference herein to the section of this Report entitled “Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities” in Part I, Item 2 above.

 

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 4. REMOVED AND RESERVED

 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

 

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

The Exhibits listed below are filed as part of this Form 10-Q.

 

Exhibit No.

  

Description

3.1    Amended and Restated Bylaws of Autodesk, Inc. (as of June 10, 2010) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 filed with the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 14, 2010)
10.1 *    Registrant’s Executive Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 14, 2010)
10.2 *    Registrant’s 2008 Employee Stock Plan (filed herewith)
31.1    Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
31.2    Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
32.1 †    Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS ††    XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH ††    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL ††    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF ††    XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase
101.LAB ††    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE ††    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

 

* Denotes a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 that accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Autodesk, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.
†† The financial information contained in these XBRL documents is unaudited and is furnished, not filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Dated: September 1, 2010

 

AUTODESK, INC.

(Registrant)

/s/ MARK J. HAWKINS
Mark J. Hawkins
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 

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