Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

Form 10-Q

 

 

 

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2009

Or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission file number: 001-32877

 

 

MasterCard Incorporated

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   13-4172551

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(IRS Employer

Identification Number)

 

2000 Purchase Street

Purchase, NY

  10577
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

(914) 249-2000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check One):

 

Large accelerated filer   x    Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   ¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Act) Yes  ¨    No  x

As of October 28, 2009, there were 109,773,787 shares outstanding of the registrant’s Class A common stock, par value $.0001 per share, 19,977,657 shares outstanding of the registrant’s Class B common stock, par value $.0001 per share, and 1,812 shares outstanding of the registrant’s Class M common stock, par value $.0001 per share.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

  

Consolidated Balance Sheets — September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008

   3

Consolidated Statements of Operations — Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 and 2008

   4

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 and 2008

   5

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity — Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009

   6

Consolidated Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) — Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 and 2008

   6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   7

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

   34

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

   51

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

   51

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   52
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION   

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

   53

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

   53

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

   53

53

SIGNATURES

   54

 

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Table of Contents

MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

 

     September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 
     (In thousands, except share data)  
ASSETS     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 2,316,391      $ 1,505,160   

Investment securities, at fair value:

    

Available-for-sale

     629,678        588,095   

Municipal bonds held-to-maturity

     —          154,000   

Accounts receivable

     503,472        639,482   

Income taxes receivable

     —          198,308   

Settlement due from customers

     427,075        513,191   

Restricted security deposits held for customers

     260,769        183,245   

Prepaid expenses

     268,213        213,612   

Deferred income taxes

     277,967        283,795   

Other current assets

     69,102        32,619   
                

Total Current Assets

     4,752,667        4,311,507   

Property, plant and equipment, at cost (less accumulated depreciation of $311,497 and $278,269)

     450,915        306,798   

Deferred income taxes

     358,781        567,567   

Goodwill

     314,430        297,993   

Other intangible assets (less accumulated amortization of $412,170 and $377,570)

     410,533        394,282   

Auction rate securities available-for-sale, at fair value

     196,350        191,760   

Municipal bonds held-to-maturity

     36,400        37,450   

Prepaid expenses

     322,014        302,095   

Other assets

     97,258        66,397   
                

Total Assets

   $ 6,939,348      $ 6,475,849   
                
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY     

Accounts payable

   $ 277,715      $ 253,276   

Settlement due to customers

     424,383        541,303   

Restricted security deposits held for customers

     260,769        183,245   

Obligations under litigation settlements (Note 16)

     614,220        713,035   

Accrued expenses

     1,048,064        1,032,061   

Short-term debt

     —          149,380   

Other current liabilities

     166,181        118,151   
                

Total Current Liabilities

     2,791,332        2,990,451   

Deferred income taxes

     76,186        74,518   

Obligations under litigation settlements (Note 16)

     396,117        1,023,263   

Long-term debt

     21,690        19,387   

Other liabilities

     428,787        436,255   
                

Total Liabilities

     3,714,112        4,543,874   

Commitments (Note 15)

    

Stockholders’ Equity

    

Class A common stock, $.0001 par value; authorized 3,000,000,000 shares, 116,466,176 and 105,126,588 shares issued and 109,725,586 and 98,385,998 outstanding, respectively

     11        10   

Class B common stock, $.0001 par value; authorized 1,200,000,000 shares, 19,977,657 and 30,848,778 issued and outstanding, respectively

     3        4   

Class M common stock, $.0001 par value; authorized 1,000,000 shares, 1,803 and 1,728 shares issued and outstanding, respectively

     —          —     

Additional paid-in-capital

     3,384,280        3,304,604   

Class A treasury stock, at cost, 6,740,590 shares, respectively

     (1,250,000     (1,250,000

Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)

     873,424        (236,100

Accumulated other comprehensive income:

    

Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments

     254,004        175,040   

Defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans, net of tax

     (40,084     (43,207

Investment securities available-for-sale, net of tax

     (4,115     (22,996
                

Total accumulated other comprehensive income

     209,805        108,837   
                

Total Stockholders’ Equity

     3,217,523        1,927,355   

Non-controlling interests

     7,713        4,620   
                

Total Equity

     3,225,236        1,931,975   
                

Total Liabilities and Equity

   $ 6,939,348      $ 6,475,849   
                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

 

     Three Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
     2009     2008     2009     2008  
     (In thousands, except per share data)  

Revenues, net

   $ 1,364,275      $ 1,338,178      $ 3,800,266      $ 3,766,766   

Operating Expenses

        

General and administrative

     474,457        515,046        1,428,314        1,498,028   

Advertising and marketing

     173,828        246,154        470,275        706,798   

Litigation settlements

     6,245        827,500        6,745        2,476,845   

Depreciation and amortization

     36,242        28,742        102,950        81,956   
                                

Total operating expenses

     690,772        1,617,442        2,008,284        4,763,627   
                                

Operating income (loss)

     673,503        (279,264     1,791,982        (996,861

Other Income (Expense)

        

Investment income, net

     10,665        22,626        41,696        163,081   

Interest expense

     (24,098     (36,319     (91,667     (67,075

Other income (expense), net

     13,324        (715     17,707        72,582   
                                

Total other income (expense)

     (109     (14,408     (32,264     168,588   
                                

Income (loss) before income taxes

     673,394        (293,672     1,759,718        (828,273

Income tax expense (benefit)

     221,254        (100,090     591,489        (334,916
                                

Net income (loss)

     452,140        (193,582     1,168,229        (493,357

Loss attributable to non-controlling interests

     59        —          302        —     
                                

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to MasterCard

   $ 452,199      $ (193,582   $ 1,168,531      $ (493,357
                                

Basic Earnings (Loss) per Share (Note 2)

   $ 3.46      $ (1.48   $ 8.95      $ (3.76
                                

Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Note 2)

     129,936        129,536        129,773        130,342   
                                

Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Share (Note 2)

   $ 3.45      $ (1.48   $ 8.92      $ (3.76
                                

Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Note 2)

     130,359        129,536        130,152        130,342   
                                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

 

     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
     2009     2008  
     (In thousands)  

Operating Activities

    

Net income (loss)

   $ 1,168,229      $ (493,357

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     102,950        81,956   

Gain on sale of Redecard S.A. available-for-sale securities

     —          (85,903

Share based payments (Note 13)

     69,487        44,217   

Stock units withheld for taxes

     (27,884     (66,095

Tax benefit for share based compensation

     (32,249     (48,901

Impairment of assets

     15,991        10,600   

Accretion of imputed interest on litigation settlements

     72,573        47,490   

Deferred income taxes

     204,298        (531,454

Other

     (13,044     9,482   

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

    

Trading securities

     —          2,561   

Accounts receivable

     162,364        (75,851

Income taxes receivable

     190,000        (256,469

Settlement due from customers

     94,664        74,875   

Prepaid expenses

     (58,332     (134,762

Other current assets

     (43,789     (9,759

Obligations under litigation settlements

     (784,463     2,361,248   

Accounts payable

     20,859        (31,871

Settlement due to customers

     (124,564     (58,448

Accrued expenses

     25,347        41,914   

Net change in other assets and liabilities

     51,480        49,111   
                

Net cash provided by operating activities

     1,093,917        930,584   
                

Investing Activities

    

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

     (37,319     (51,250

Capitalized software

     (59,112     (71,267

Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale

     (104,620     (495,606

Proceeds from sales and maturities of investment securities, available-for-sale

     84,279        851,987   

Investment in affiliates

     (16,043     —     

Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired

     (2,913     —     

Other investing activities

     (4,688     (2,223
                

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

     (140,416     231,641   
                

Financing Activities

    

Dividends paid

     (59,019     (59,576

Exercise of stock options

     5,791        9,335   

Tax benefit for share based compensation

     32,249        48,901   

Purchase of treasury stock

     —          (649,468

Payment of debt

     (149,380     (80,000

Redemption of non-controlling interest

     (4,620     —     
                

Net cash used in financing activities

     (174,979     (730,808
                

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     32,709        (19,255
                

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

     811,231        412,162   

Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period

     1,505,160        1,659,295   
                

Cash and cash equivalents - end of period

   $ 2,316,391      $ 2,071,457   
                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

 

           Common Stock    

Additional

Paid-In

    Treasury     Retained
Earnings
(Accumulated
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income,
  

Non-

Controlling

 
     Total     Class A    Class B     Capital     Stock     Deficit)     net of tax    Interests  
     (In thousands, except per share data)  

Balance at December 31, 2008

   $ 1,931,975      $ 10    $ 4      $ 3,304,604      $ (1,250,000   $ (236,100   $ 108,837    $ 4,620   

Redemption of non-controlling interest

     (4,620     —        —          —          —          —          —        (4,620

Investment in majority owned entity

     8,015        —        —          —          —          —          —        8,015   

Net income (loss)

     1,168,229        —        —          —          —          1,168,531        —        (302

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

     100,968        —        —          —          —          —          100,968      —     

Cash dividends declared on Class A and Class B common stock, $0.45 per share

     (58,974     —        —          33        —          (59,007     —        —     

Share based payments

     69,487        —        —          69,487        —          —          —        —     

Stock units withheld for taxes

     (27,884     —        —          (27,884     —          —          —        —     

Tax benefit for share based compensation

     32,249        —        —          32,249        —          —          —        —     

Conversion of Class B to Class A common stock

     —          1      (1     —          —          —          —        —     

Exercise of stock options

     5,791        —        —          5,791        —          —          —        —     
                                                              

Balance at September 30, 2009

   $ 3,225,236      $ 11    $ 3      $ 3,384,280      $ (1,250,000   $ 873,424      $ 209,805    $ 7,713   
                                                              

MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(UNAUDITED)

 

     Three Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
     2009    2008     2009    2008  
     (In thousands)  

Net Income (Loss)

   $ 452,140    $ (193,582   $ 1,168,229    $ (493,357

Other comprehensive income (loss):

          

Foreign currency translation adjustments

     67,089      (95,898     78,964      (19,048

Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans, net of tax

     1,236      140        3,123      422   

Unrealized gain (loss) and reclassification adjustment for realized (gain) loss on investment securities available-for-sale, net of tax

     12,683      1,008        18,881      (77,857
                              

Other comprehensive income (loss)

     81,008      (94,750     100,968      (96,483
                              

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

     533,148      (288,332     1,269,197      (589,840

Loss attributable to non-controlling interests

     59      —          302      —     
                              

Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to MasterCard

   $ 533,207    $ (288,332   $ 1,269,499    $ (589,840
                              

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

(In thousands, except percent and per share data)

Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Organization

MasterCard Incorporated and its consolidated subsidiaries, including MasterCard International Incorporated (“MasterCard International”) and MasterCard Europe sprl (“MasterCard Europe”) (together, “MasterCard” or the “Company”), provide payment solutions, including transaction processing and related services to customers principally in support of their credit, deposit access (debit), electronic cash and Automated Teller Machine (“ATM”) payment card programs, and travelers cheque programs. Our financial institution customers are generally either principal members (“principal members”) of MasterCard International, which participate directly in MasterCard International’s business, or affiliate members of MasterCard International, which participate indirectly in MasterCard International’s business through a principal member.

Consolidation and basis of presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of MasterCard and its majority-owned and controlled entities, including the Company’s variable interest entity. The Company’s variable interest entity was established for the purpose of constructing the Company’s global technology and operations center; it was not an operating entity and had no employees. In March 2009, the Company discontinued its use of the variable interest entity. See Note 12 (Consolidation of Variable Interest Entity) for further discussion. Intercompany transactions during the periods ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company follows accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

The balance sheet as of December 31, 2008 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2008. The consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 and as of September 30, 2009 are unaudited, and in the opinion of management, include all normal recurring adjustments that are necessary to present fairly the results for interim periods. Due to seasonal fluctuations and other factors, the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. The Company has evaluated all subsequent events through November 3, 2009 which is the date that the consolidated financial statements were issued.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission requirements of Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and, consequently, do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP. Reference should be made to the MasterCard Incorporated Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 for additional disclosures, including a summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies.

Reclassification of prior period amounts

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2009 presentation. The amounts reclassified primarily relate to the adoption of certain accounting standards and the reclassification of certain cardholder-related enhancement expenses, which were previously classified as advertising and marketing expenses, to general and administrative expenses. These cardholder benefit program expenses, such as insurance and card replacements, were previously deemed promotional features of the cards and over time have become standard product offerings in certain card categories. Approximately $21,000 and $63,000 of these expenses have been reclassified for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, to conform to the 2009 presentation.

Recent accounting pronouncements

Codification of accounting pronouncements — On July 1, 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) implemented the FASB accounting standards codification and hierarchy of generally accepted accounting principles as the sole source of authoritative GAAP. Pursuant to these provisions, the Company has eliminated its references to the former GAAP authoritative pronouncements in its consolidated financial statements issued as of and for the period ended September 30, 2009. The adoption of this referencing methodology will be continued in the future. As the FASB’s codification was not intended to change existing authoritative guidance, this referencing methodology has not had and will not have any impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

Earnings per share - A new accounting standard related to instruments granted in share-based payment transactions became effective for the Company on January 1, 2009, resulting in the retrospective adjustment of earnings per share (“EPS”) for prior periods. See Note 2 (Earnings (Loss) Per Share) for further detail.

Non-controlling interests - In December 2007, accounting and reporting standards were established that require non-controlling interests, previously referred to as minority interests, to be reported as a component of equity. In addition, changes in a parent’s ownership interest while the parent retains its controlling interest are accounted for as equity transactions, and upon a gain or loss of control, retained ownership interests are remeasured at fair value, with any gain or loss recognized in earnings. Effective January 1, 2009, the Company applied the provisions of these new standards retrospectively in the consolidated financial statements. The adoption of these new standards did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations for any periods presented.

Derivative instruments and hedging - Disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging were amended, effective for the Company on January 1, 2009. The new requirements apply to all entities and provide for qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value amounts of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk related contingent features in derivative agreements. The Company applied these requirements on a prospective basis. Accordingly, disclosures related to interim periods prior to the date of adoption have not been presented. Since this revision relates to disclosures only, it had no impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. See Note 20 (Foreign Exchange Risk Management) for further detail.

Business combinations - Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the new accounting standard for business combinations. The new standard establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer of a business recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree; how the acquirer recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in a business combination; and how the acquirer determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations as of or for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009.

Fair value - Interim disclosure requirements about fair value of financial instruments were amended and became effective for the Company during the second quarter of 2009. Public entities must disclose in their interim financial statements the fair value of financial instruments within the scope of this standard. Additionally, disclosure is required of the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of those financial instruments. The Company adopted this standard during the second quarter of 2009 and has included the additional financial statement disclosures as of September 30, 2009 in Note 4 (Fair Value). The adoption of this standard had no impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Also, accounting standards changed for the method for determining whether an other-than-temporary impairment exists for debt securities and the amount of an impairment charge to be recorded in earnings. Enhanced disclosures must include the Company’s methodology and key inputs used for determining the amount of credit losses recorded in earnings. The Company adopted these changes during the second quarter of 2009 and the adoption had no impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. See Note 5 (Investment Securities) for further detail.

Additionally, accounting guidance was issued to highlight and expand on the factors that should be considered in estimating fair value when there has been a significant decrease in market activity for a financial asset. The new disclosures relate to fair value measurement inputs and valuation techniques (including changes in inputs and valuation techniques). The Company adopted the changes, as required, during the second quarter of 2009 and the adoption had no impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. See Note 4 (Fair Value) for further detail.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

Transfers of financial assets - In June 2009, the accounting standard for transfers and servicing of financial assets and extinguishments of liabilities was amended. The change eliminates the qualifying special purpose entity concept, establishes a new unit of account definition that must be met for the transfer of portions of financial assets to be eligible for sale accounting, clarifies and changes the derecognition criteria for a transfer to be accounted for as a sale, changes the amount of gain or loss on a transfer of financial assets accounted for as a sale when beneficial interests are received by the transferor, and requires additional new disclosures. The Company will adopt the new standard upon its effective date of January 1, 2010 and the impact will depend upon the nature and significance of future transfers of financial assets, if any.

Variable interest entities - During June 2009, there was a revision to the accounting standard for the consolidation of variable interest entities. The revision eliminates the exemption for qualifying special purpose entities, requires a new qualitative approach for determining whether a reporting entity should consolidate a variable interest entity, and changes the requirement of when to reassess whether a reporting entity should consolidate a variable interest entity. The Company will assess whether it should consolidate or deconsolidate any variable interest entities for which it holds variable interests on January 1, 2010, the effective date of the new standard, and the impact to the Company will be dependent upon the facts and circumstances related to those variable interests at the effective date.

Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables - In September 2009, the accounting standard for the allocation of revenue in arrangements involving multiple deliverables was amended. Current accounting standards require companies to allocate revenue based on the fair value of each deliverable, even though such deliverables may not be sold separately either by the company itself or other vendors. The new accounting standard eliminates i) the residual method of revenue allocation and ii) the requirement that all undelivered elements must have objective and reliable evidence of fair value before a company can recognize the portion of the overall arrangement fee that is attributable to items that already have been delivered. This revised accounting standard will be effective beginning January 1, 2011 for prospective adoption. In addition, early adoption and retrospective transition are permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the requirements of the standard to determine the impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Note 2. Earnings (Loss) Per Share

On January 1, 2009, a new accounting standard related to the EPS effects of instruments granted in share-based payment transactions became effective for the Company resulting in the retrospective adjustment of EPS for prior periods. In accordance with this new accounting standard, unvested share-based payment awards which receive non-forfeitable dividend rights, or dividend equivalents, are considered participating securities and are required to be included in computing EPS under the two-class method. The Company declared non-forfeitable dividends on unvested restricted stock units and contingently issuable performance stock units (“Unvested Units”) which were granted prior to 2009. The Company has therefore calculated EPS under the two-class method pursuant to this new accounting standard.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

The components of basic and diluted EPS for common shares under the two-class method for the three months and nine months ended September 30 are as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
     2009    2008     2009    2008  

Numerator:

          

Net income (loss) attributable to MasterCard

   $ 452,199    $ (193,582   $ 1,168,531    $ (493,357

Less: Net income (loss) allocated to Unvested Units

     2,453      (1,413     7,494      (3,569
                              

Net income (loss) attributable to MasterCard allocated to common shares

   $ 449,746    $ (192,169   $ 1,161,037    $ (489,788
                              

Denominator:

          

Basic EPS weighted average shares outstanding

     129,936      129,536        129,773      130,342   

Dilutive stock options and stock units

     423      —          379      —     
                              

Diluted EPS weighted average shares outstanding

     130,359      129,536        130,152      130,342   
                              

Earnings (Loss) per Share

          

Total Basic

   $ 3.46    $ (1.48   $ 8.95    $ (3.76

Total Diluted

   $ 3.45    $ (1.48   $ 8.92    $ (3.76

The calculation of diluted EPS for each of the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2009 excluded 22 restricted stock units because the effect would be antidilutive. The calculation of diluted EPS for each of the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2009 excluded 187 and 317 stock options, respectively, because the effect would be antidilutive. The calculation of diluted loss per share for each of the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 excluded 706 stock options because the effect would be antidilutive.

The following table compares EPS as originally reported and EPS under the two-class method, to quantify the impact of the new standard on EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008.

 

    Periods ended September 30, 2008  
    Three months     Nine months  

Basic - as originally reported

  $ (1.49   $ (3.79

Basic - pursuant to the two-class method

    (1.48     (3.76
               

Impact of new accounting standard on basic EPS

  $ 0.01      $ 0.03   
               

Diluted - as originally reported

  $ (1.49   $ (3.79

Diluted - pursuant to the two-class method

    (1.48     (3.76
               

Impact of new accounting standard on diluted EPS

  $ 0.01      $ 0.03   
               

Note 3. Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities

The following table includes non-cash investing and financing information for the nine month periods ended September 30:

 

     2009     2008  

Dividends declared but not yet paid

   $ 19,685      $ 19,703   

Liabilities assumed related to investments in affiliates

     8,750 1       20,432 2  

Municipal bonds cancelled

     154,000 3       —     

Revenue bonds received

     (154,000 )4      —     

Building and land assets recorded pursuant to capital lease

     (154,000 )4      —     

Capital lease obligation

     154,000 4      —     

 

1

Amounts to be extinguished in 2013 and 2016 for future benefits to be provided by MasterCard in the establishment of a joint venture.

2

Amount due in 2011 relating to the MasterCard France acquisition.

3

See Note 12 (Consolidation of Variable Interest Entity) for further details.

4

See Note 8 (Property, Plant, and Equipment) for further details.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

Note 4. Fair Value

Financial Instruments – Recurring Measurements

In accordance with accounting requirements for financial instruments, the Company is disclosing the estimated fair values as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 of the financial instruments that are within the scope of the accounting guidance, as well as the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of those financial instruments. Furthermore, the Company classifies its fair value measurements in a three-level hierarchy (the “Valuation Hierarchy”).

The distribution of the Company’s financial instruments which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis within the Valuation Hierarchy is as follows:

 

     Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs

(Level 2)
    Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

(Level 3)
   Fair Value at
September 30, 2009
 

Municipal bonds1

   $ —      $ 520,319      $ —      $ 520,319   

Taxable short-term bond funds

     109,317      —          —        109,317   

Auction rate securities

     —        —          196,350      196,350   

Foreign currency forward contracts

     —        (6,286     —        (6,286

Other

     42      —          —        42   
                              

Total

   $ 109,359    $ 514,033      $ 196,350    $ 819,742   
                              
     Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

(Level 3)
   Fair Value at
December 31, 2008
 

Municipal bonds1

   $ —      $ 485,490      $ —      $ 485,490   

Taxable short-term bond funds

     102,588      —          —        102,588   

Auction rate securities

     —        —          191,760      191,760   

Foreign currency forward contracts

     —        33,731        —        33,731   

Other

     17      —          —        17   
                              

Total

   $ 102,605    $ 519,221      $ 191,760    $ 813,586   
                              

 

1

Available-for-sale municipal bonds are carried at fair value and are included in the above tables. However, held-to-maturity municipal bonds are carried at amortized cost and excluded from the above tables.

The fair value of the Company’s available-for-sale municipal bonds are based on quoted prices for similar assets in active markets and are therefore included in level 2 of the Valuation Hierarchy.

The fair value of the Company’s short-term bond funds are based on quoted prices and are therefore included in Level 1 of the Valuation Hierarchy.

The Company’s auction rate securities (“ARS”) investments have been classified within level 3 of the Valuation Hierarchy as their valuation requires substantial judgment and estimation of factors that are not currently observable in the market due to the lack of trading in the securities. This valuation may be revised in future periods as market conditions evolve. The Company has considered the lack of liquidity in the ARS market and the lack of comparable, orderly transactions when estimating the fair value of its ARS portfolio. Therefore, the Company continued to utilize the income approach, which included a discounted cash flow analysis of the estimated future cash flows adjusted by a risk premium for the ARS portfolio as of September 30, 2009, to estimate the fair value of its ARS portfolio. When a determination is made to classify a financial instrument within level 3, the determination is based upon the significance of the unobservable parameters to the overall fair value measurement. However, the fair value determination for level 3 financial instruments may include observable components.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

The Company’s foreign currency forward contracts have been classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy, as the fair value is based on broker quotes for the same or similar derivative instruments. See Note 20 (Foreign Exchange Risk Management) for further details.

Financial Instruments – Non-Recurring Measurements

Certain financial instruments are carried on the consolidated balance sheets at cost, which approximates fair value due to their short-term, highly liquid nature. These instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, settlement due from customers, restricted security deposits held for customers, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, settlement due to customers and accrued expenses.

Municipal Bonds Held-to-Maturity

The Company utilizes quoted prices for similar securities from active markets to estimate the fair value of its held-to-maturity securities. See Note 5 (Investment Securities) for fair value disclosure.

Short-term and Long-term Debt

The Company estimates the fair value of its debt by applying a current period discount rate to the remaining cash flows under the terms of the debt. As of September 30, 2009, the carrying value on the consolidated balance sheet totaled $21,690 and the fair value totaled $22,575 for the Company’s debt.

Obligations Under Litigation Settlements

The Company estimates the fair value of its obligations under litigation settlements by applying a current period discount rate to the remaining cash flows under the terms of the litigation settlement. At September 30, 2009, the carrying value on the consolidated balance sheet totaled $1,010,337 and the fair values totaled $1,044,024 for these obligations. For additional information regarding the Company’s obligations under litigation settlements, see Note 16 (Obligations Under Litigation Settlements).

Settlement Guarantee Liabilities

The Company estimates the fair value of its settlement guarantees by applying market assumptions for relevant though not directly comparable undertakings, as the latter are not observable in the market given the proprietary nature of such guarantees. Additionally, loss probability and severity profiles against the Company’s gross and net settlement exposures are considered. The carrying value and estimated fair value of settlement guarantee liabilities were de minimis as of September 30, 2009. For additional information regarding the Company’s settlement guarantee liabilities, see Note 19 (Settlement, Travelers Cheque and Other Risk Management).

Refunding Revenue Bonds

The Company holds refunding revenue bonds with the same payment terms, and which contain the right of set-off with a capital lease obligation related to the Company’s global technology and operations center located in O’Fallon, Missouri, called Winghaven. The Company has netted the refunding revenue bonds and the corresponding capital lease obligation in the consolidated balance sheet and estimates that the carrying value approximates the fair value for these bonds. See Note 8 (Property, Plant and Equipment) for further details.

Non-Financial Instruments

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include property, plant and equipment, goodwill and other intangible assets. These assets are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis; however, they are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances, such as when there is evidence of impairment.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

The valuation methods for goodwill and other intangible assets involve assumptions concerning interest and discount rates, growth projections and other assumptions of future business conditions. As all of the assumptions employed to measure these assets and liabilities on a nonrecurring basis are based on management’s judgment using internal and external data, these fair value determinations are classified in Level 3 of the Valuation Hierarchy.

Note 5. Investment Securities

Amortized Costs and Fair Values – Available-for-Sale Investment Securities:

The major categories of the Company’s available-for-sale investment securities, for which unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss) on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), and their respective cost basis and fair values are as follows:

 

     Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gain
   Gross
Unrealized
Loss1
    Fair Value at
September 30, 2009

Municipal bonds

   $ 496,405    $ 23,962    $ (48   $ 520,319

Taxable short-term bond funds

     105,002      4,315      —          109,317

Auction rate securities

     231,000      —        (34,650     196,350

Other

     90      —        (48     42
                            

Total

   $ 832,497    $ 28,277    $ (34,746   $ 826,028
                            
     Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gain
   Gross
Unrealized
Loss1
    Fair Value at
December 31, 2008

Municipal bonds

   $ 473,746    $ 12,771    $ (1,027   $ 485,490

Taxable short-term bond funds

     102,588      —        —          102,588

Auction rate securities

     239,700      —        (47,940     191,760

Other

     127      —        (110     17
                            

Total

   $ 816,161    $ 12,771    $ (49,077   $ 779,855
                            

 

1

The majority of the unrealized losses relate to ARS, which have been in an unrealized loss position longer than 12 months, but have not been deemed other-than-temporarily impaired.

The municipal bond portfolio is comprised of tax exempt bonds and is diversified across states and sectors. The portfolio has an average credit quality of double-A. Municipal bonds in a gross unrealized loss position are not considered other-than temporarily impaired due to their high credit quality.

The short-term bond funds invest in fixed income securities, including corporate bonds, mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities.

The Company holds investments in ARS. Interest on these securities is exempt from U.S. federal income tax and the interest rate on the securities typically resets every 35 days. The securities are fully collateralized by student loans with guarantees, ranging from approximately 95% to 98% of principal and interest, by the U.S. government via the Department of Education.

Beginning on February 11, 2008, the auction mechanism that normally provided liquidity to the ARS investments began to fail. Since mid-February 2008, all 43 investment positions in the Company’s ARS investment portfolio have experienced failed auctions. The securities for which auctions have failed have continued to pay interest in accordance with the contractual terms of such instruments and will continue to accrue interest and be auctioned at each respective reset date until the auction succeeds, the issuer redeems the securities or they mature. As of September 30, 2009, the ARS market remained illiquid but issuer call and redemption activity in the ARS student loan sector has occurred periodically since the auctions began to fail. During the three months ended September 30, 2009, the Company did not sell any ARS in the auction market but there were some calls at par.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

The table below includes a roll-forward of the Company’s ARS investments from January 1, 2009 to September 30, 2009.

 

     Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

Fair value, January 1, 2009

   $ 191,760   

Calls, at par

     (8,700

Recovery of unrealized losses due to issuer calls

     1,740   

Increase in fair value

     11,550   
        

Fair value, September 30, 2009

   $ 196,350   
        

The Company evaluated the estimated impairment of its ARS portfolio to determine if it was other-than-temporary. The Company considered several factors including, but not limited to, the following: (1) the reasons for the decline in value (changes in interest rates, credit event, or market fluctuations); (2) assessments as to whether it is more likely than not that it will hold and not be required to sell the investments for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of the cost basis; (3) whether the decline is substantial; and (4) the historical and anticipated duration of the events causing the decline in value. The evaluation for other-than-temporary impairments is a quantitative and qualitative process, which is subject to various risks and uncertainties. The risks and uncertainties include changes in credit quality, market liquidity, timing and amounts of issuer calls, and interest rates. As of September 30, 2009, the Company believes that the unrealized losses on the ARS were not related to credit quality but rather due to the lack of liquidity in the market. The Company believes that it is more likely than not that the Company will hold and not be required to sell its ARS investments until recovery of their cost basis which may be at maturity or earlier if called. Therefore MasterCard does not consider the unrealized losses to be other-than-temporary. The Company has estimated a 15% discount to the par value of the ARS portfolio. The pre-tax temporary impairment included in accumulated other comprehensive income related to the Company’s ARS was $34,650 and $47,940 as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. A hypothetical increase of 100 basis points in the discount rate used in the discounted cash flow analysis would have increased the temporary impairment by $34,650 and $24,000 as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

Carrying and Fair Values – Held-to-Maturity Investment Securities:

As of September 30, 2009, the Company also owns a held-to-maturity investment security, which consists of a municipal bond yielding interest at 5.0% per annum. This bond relates to the Company’s back-up processing center in Kansas City, Missouri. The Company cancelled $154,000 of short-term municipal bonds related to its global technology and operations center located in O’Fallon, Missouri, called Winghaven, on March 1, 2009, as further discussed in Note 12 (Consolidation of Variable Interest Entity). The carrying value, gross unrecorded gains and fair value of these held-to-maturity investment securities are as follows:

 

     September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008

Carrying value

   $ 36,400    $ 191,450

Gross unrecorded gains

     2,532      1,913
             

Fair value

   $ 38,932    $ 193,363
             

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

Investment Maturities:

The maturity distribution based on the contractual terms of the Company’s investment securities at September 30, 2009 was as follows:

 

     Available-For-Sale    Held-To-Maturity
     Amortized
Cost
   Fair Value    Carrying
Value
   Fair Value

Due within 1 year

   $ 36,726    $ 37,406    $ 18    $ 18

Due after 1 year through 5 years

     373,179      392,195      36,382      38,914

Due after 5 years through 10 years

     89,372      93,003      —        —  

Due after 10 years

     228,128      194,065      —        —  

No contractual maturity

     105,092      109,359      —        —  
                           

Total

   $ 832,497    $ 826,028    $ 36,400    $ 38,932
                           

The majority of securities due after ten years are ARS. Taxable short-term bond funds and foreign equity securities have been included in the table above in the no contractual maturity category, as these investments do not have a stated maturity date.

The table below summarizes the maturity ranges of the ARS portfolio, based on relative par value, as of September 30, 2009:

 

     Par
Amount
   % of
Total
 

Due within 10 years

   $ 4,000    2

Due year 11 through year 20

     39,300    17

Due year 21 through year 30

     150,000    65

Due after year 30

     37,700    16
             

Total

   $ 231,000    100
             

Investment Income:

Components of net investment income were as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30:

 

     Three Months
Ended
September 30, 2009
    Three Months
Ended
September 30, 2008
    Nine Months
Ended
September 30, 2009
    Nine Months
Ended
September 30, 2008
 

Interest income

   $ 10,156      $ 24,945      $ 40,768      $ 87,585   

Dividend income

     —          —          4        1,221   

Investment securities available-for-sale:

        

Gross realized gains

     546        511        1,063        86,984   

Gross realized losses

     (37     (2,830     (139     (12,692

Trading securities:

        

Realized losses, net

     —          —          —          (17
                                

Total investment income, net

   $ 10,665      $ 22,626      $ 41,696      $ 163,081   
                                

Interest income is generated from cash, cash equivalents, available-for-sale investment securities and municipal bonds held-to-maturity. Dividend income primarily consists of dividends received on the Company’s cost method investments.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

Note 6. Prepaid Expenses

Prepaid expenses consisted of the following:

 

     September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 

Customer and merchant incentives

   $ 426,284      $ 397,563   

Advertising

     30,030        45,608   

Income taxes

     78,147        —     

Data processing

     34,653        24,455   

Other

     21,113        48,081   
                

Total prepaid expenses

     590,227        515,707   

Prepaid expenses, current

     (268,213     (213,612
                

Prepaid expenses, long-term

   $ 322,014      $ 302,095   
                

Prepaid customer and merchant incentives represent payments made to customers and merchants under business agreements.

Note 7. Other Assets

Other assets consisted of the following:

 

     September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 

Customer and merchant incentives

   $ 81,997      $ 46,608   

Cost and equity method investments

     35,547        12,500   

Cash surrender value of keyman life insurance

     22,694        18,552   

Other

     26,122        21,356   
                

Total other assets

     166,360        99,016   

Other assets, current

     (69,102     (32,619
                

Other assets, long-term

   $ 97,258      $ 66,397   
                

Certain customer and merchant business agreements provided incentives upon entering into the agreement. As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, other assets included amounts to be paid for these incentives and the related liability was included in accrued expenses. Once the payment is made, the liability is relieved and the other asset is reclassified to a prepaid expense.

Note 8. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:

 

     September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 

Building and land

   $ 391,322      $ 216,670   

Equipment

     260,335        250,395   

Furniture and fixtures

     51,872        51,124   

Leasehold improvements

     58,883        66,878   
                
     762,412        585,067   

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (311,497     (278,269
                
   $ 450,915      $ 306,798   
                

Effective March 1, 2009, MasterCard executed a new ten-year lease between MasterCard, as tenant, and the Missouri Development Finance Board (“MDFB”), as landlord, for MasterCard’s global technology and operations center located in O’Fallon, Missouri, called Winghaven (see Note 12 (Consolidation of Variable Interest Entity)). The lease includes a bargain purchase option and is thus classified as a capital lease. The building and land assets and capital lease obligation have been recorded at $154,000, which represents the lesser of the present value of the

 

16


Table of Contents

MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

minimum lease payments and the fair value of the building and land assets. The Company received refunding revenue bonds issued by MDFB in the exact amount, $154,000, and with the same payment terms as the capital lease and which contain the legal right of setoff with the capital lease. The Company has netted its investment in the MDFB refunding revenue bonds and the corresponding capital lease obligation in the consolidated balance sheet. The related leasehold improvements for Winghaven will continue to be amortized over the economic life of the improvements.

As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, other capital leases of $19,527 and $46,794, respectively, were included in equipment. Accumulated amortization of these capital leases was $8,269 and $36,180 as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

Depreciation expense for the above property, plant and equipment, including amortization for capital leases, was $19,487 and $54,891 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively. Depreciation expense for the above property, plant and equipment, including amortization for capital leases, was $14,560 and $43,167 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively.

Note 9. Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:

 

     September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008

Customer and merchant incentives

   $ 469,890    $ 526,722

Personnel costs

     301,894      296,497

Taxes

     82,633      20,685

Advertising

     105,743      89,567

Other

     87,904      98,590
             

Total accrued expenses

   $ 1,048,064    $ 1,032,061
             

Note 10. Pension Plans

The Company maintains a non-contributory, qualified, defined benefit pension plan (the “Qualified Plan”) with a cash balance feature covering substantially all of its U.S. employees hired before July 1, 2007. The Qualified Plan experienced a steep decline in the fair value of plan assets for the year ended December 31, 2008, which resulted in a significant increase in the actuarial loss component of accumulated other comprehensive income as of December 31, 2008. The increases in net periodic pension cost, shown below, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 versus the same periods in 2008 were primarily due to the amortization of actuarial loss into pension expense. Additionally, the Company has an unfunded non-qualified supplemental executive retirement plan (the “Non-qualified Plan”) that provides certain key employees with supplemental retirement benefits in excess of limits imposed on qualified plans by U.S. tax laws. In the three months ended September 30, 2009, the Non-qualified Plan settled certain liabilities to plan participants. The term “Pension Plans” includes both the Qualified Plan and the Non-qualified Plan. The net periodic pension cost for the Pension Plans was as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
     2009     2008     2009     2008  

Service cost

   $ 4,392      $ 4,995      $ 13,176      $ 14,985   

Interest cost

     3,381        3,409        10,143        10,228   

Expected return on plan assets

     (3,121     (4,008     (9,363     (12,023

Settlement gain

     (667     —          (667     —     

Amortization:

        

Actuarial loss

     2,159        419        6,477        1,256   

Prior service credit

     (571     (582     (1,713     (1,746
                                

Net periodic pension cost

   $ 5,573      $ 4,233      $ 18,053      $ 12,700   
                                

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

The Company made voluntary contributions totaling $31,000 to the Qualified Plan during the nine months ended September 30, 2009. The Company continues to evaluate the Qualified Plan’s funded status and whether additional contributions will be made during 2009. The Company made voluntary contributions totaling $21,500 to the Qualified Plan during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008.

Note 11. Postemployment and Postretirement Benefits

The Company maintains a postretirement plan (the “Postretirement Plan”) providing health coverage and life insurance benefits for substantially all of its U.S. employees and retirees hired before July 1, 2007. Net periodic postretirement benefit cost for the three and nine months ended September 30 was as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
     2009    2008     2009    2008  

Service cost

   $ 434    $ 487      $ 1,302    $ 1,463   

Interest cost

     906      822        2,718      2,466   

Amortization:

          

Actuarial (gain)

     —        (129     —        (388

Transition obligation

     53      53        159      160   
                              

Net periodic postretirement benefit cost

   $ 1,393    $ 1,233      $ 4,179    $ 3,701   
                              

The Company does not make any contributions to its Postretirement Plan other than funding benefits payments.

Note 12. Consolidation of Variable Interest Entity

As discussed in Note 8 (Property, Plant and Equipment), the Company executed a new lease agreement for Winghaven, effective March 1, 2009. In conjunction with entering into the new lease agreement, the Company terminated the original synthetic lease agreement for Winghaven, which included a ten-year term with MCI O’Fallon 1999 Trust (the “Trust”) as the lessor. The Trust, which was a variable interest entity, was established for a single discrete purpose, was not an operating entity, had a limited life and had no employees. The Trust had financed Winghaven through a combination of a third party equity investment in the amount of $4,620 and the issuance of 7.36 percent Series A Senior Secured Notes (the “Secured Notes”) with an aggregate principal amount of $149,380 and a maturity date of September 1, 2009. MasterCard International executed a guarantee of 85.15 percent of the aggregate principal amount of the Secured Notes outstanding, for a total of $127,197. Additionally, upon the occurrence of specific events of default, MasterCard International guaranteed the repayment of the total outstanding principal and interest on the Secured Notes and agreed to take ownership of the facility. During 2004, MasterCard Incorporated became party to the guarantee and assumed certain covenant compliance obligations, including financial reporting and maintenance of a certain level of consolidated net worth. As the primary beneficiary of the Trust, the Company had consolidated the assets and liabilities of the Trust in its consolidated financial statements.

Effective March 1, 2009, the aggregate outstanding principal and accrued interest on the Secured Notes was repaid, the investor equity was redeemed, and the guarantee obligations of MasterCard International and MasterCard Incorporated were terminated. The aggregate principal amount and interest plus a “make-whole” amount repaid to the holders of Secured Notes and the equity investor was $164,572. The “make-whole” amount of $4,874 included in the repayment represented the discounted value of the remaining principal and interest on the Secured Notes, less the outstanding principal balance and an equity investor premium. As a result of the transaction, the $154,000 of short-term municipal bonds originally issued in 1999 were cancelled.

The Trust is no longer considered a variable interest entity and is no longer consolidated by the Company. During the period when the Trust was a consolidated entity within the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, its operations had no impact on net income. However, interest income and interest expense were increased by $6,773 in nine month period ended September 30, 2009 and $2,852 and $8,552 for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008, respectively.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

Note 13. Share Based Payment and Other Benefits

On March 1, 2009, the Company granted approximately 239 restricted stock units, 155 stock options and 45 performance units under the MasterCard Incorporated 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”). The fair value of the restricted stock units and performance units, based on the closing price of the Class A common stock, par value $.0001 per share, on the New York Stock Exchange on February 27, 2009, the last business day prior to the date of grant, was $158.03. The fair value of the stock options estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model was $69.09. The restricted stock units and performance units will primarily vest on or about February 29, 2012. The stock options vest ratably over four years and expire ten years from the date of grant. Compensation expense is recorded net of estimated forfeitures over the shorter of the vesting period or the date the individual becomes eligible to retire under the LTIP. The Company uses the straight-line method of attribution over the requisite service period for expensing equity awards.

With regard to the performance units granted on March 1, 2009, whether or not the performance stock units will vest will be based upon MasterCard performance against a predetermined return on equity goal, with an average of return on equity over the three-year period commencing January 1, 2009 yielding threshold, target or maximum performance, with a potential adjustment determined at the discretion of the MasterCard Human Resources and Compensation Committee using subjective quantitative and qualitative goals expected to be established at the beginning of each year in the performance period from 2009-2011. These goals are expected to include MasterCard performance against internal management metrics and external relative metrics. These performance units have been classified as equity awards, will be settled by delivering stock to the employees and contain service and performance conditions. Given that the performance terms are subjective and not fixed on the date of grant, the performance units will be remeasured at the end of each reporting period, at fair value, until the time the performance conditions are fixed and the ultimate number of shares to be issued is determined. Estimates are adjusted as appropriate. Compensation expense is calculated using the number of performance stock units expected to vest; multiplied by the period ending price of a share of MasterCard’s Class A common stock on the New York Stock Exchange; less previously recorded compensation expense.

Note 14. Stockholders’ Equity

In February 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the conversion and sale or transfer of up to 11,000 shares of Class B common stock into Class A common stock. In May 2009, the Company implemented and completed a conversion program in which approximately 10,871 authorized shares of Class B common stock were converted into an equal number of Class A common stock and subsequently sold or transferred to public investors.

Note 15. Commitments

At September 30, 2009, the Company had the following future minimum payments due under non-cancelable agreements:

 

     Total    Capital
Leases
   Operating
Leases
   Sponsorship,
Licensing &
Other

Remainder of 2009

   $ 138,697    $ 2,449    $ 7,963    $ 128,285

2010

     203,921      4,945      24,908      174,068

2011

     135,257      4,166      16,585      114,506

2012

     100,235      3,096      14,524      82,615

2013

     55,944      36,838      9,746      9,360

Thereafter

     34,596      —        31,151      3,445
                           

Total

   $ 668,650    $ 51,494    $ 104,877    $ 512,279
                           

Included in the table above are capital leases with imputed interest expense of $7,933 and a net present value of minimum lease payments of $43,560. In addition, at September 30, 2009, $50,662 of the future minimum payments

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

in the table above for operating leases, sponsorship, licensing and other agreements was accrued. Consolidated rental expense for the Company’s office space, which is recognized on a straight line basis over the life of the lease, was $11,079 and $32,610 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively. Consolidated rental expense for the Company’s office space was $11,533 and $31,868 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively. Consolidated lease expense for automobiles, computer equipment and office equipment was $2,602 and $6,770 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively. Consolidated lease expense for automobiles, computer equipment and office equipment was $1,499 and $5,832 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively.

Note 16. Obligations Under Litigation Settlements

On October 27, 2008, MasterCard and Visa Inc. (“Visa”) entered into a settlement agreement (the “Discover Settlement”) with Discover Financial Services, Inc. (“Discover”) relating to the U.S. federal antitrust litigation among the parties. The Discover Settlement ended all litigation between the parties. The MasterCard share of the Discover Settlement was $862,500, which was paid to Discover in November 2008. In addition, in connection with the Discover Settlement, Morgan Stanley, Discover’s former parent company, paid MasterCard $35,000 in November 2008, pursuant to a separate agreement. The net impact of $827,500 is included in litigation settlements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008.

On June 24, 2008, MasterCard entered into a settlement agreement (the “American Express Settlement”) with American Express Company (“American Express”) relating to the U.S. federal antitrust litigation between MasterCard and American Express. The American Express Settlement ended all existing litigation between MasterCard and American Express. Under the terms of the American Express Settlement, MasterCard is obligated to make 12 quarterly payments of up to $150,000 per quarter beginning in the third quarter of 2008. MasterCard’s maximum nominal payments will total $1,800,000. The amount of each quarterly payment is contingent on the performance of American Express’s U.S. Global Network Services business. The quarterly payments will be in an amount equal to 15% of American Express’s U.S. Global Network Services billings during the quarter, up to a maximum of $150,000 per quarter. If, however, the payment for any quarter is less than $150,000, the maximum payment for subsequent quarters will be increased by the difference between $150,000 and the lesser amount that was paid in any quarter in which there was a shortfall. MasterCard has assumed American Express will achieve these financial hurdles. MasterCard recorded the present value of $1,800,000, at a 5.75% discount rate, or $1,649,345 in the quarter ended June 30, 2008 with respect to the American Express Settlement.

In 2003, MasterCard entered into a settlement agreement (the “U.S. Merchant Lawsuit Settlement”) with various U.S. merchants. Under the terms of the U.S. Merchant Lawsuit Settlement, the Company was required to pay $125,000 in 2003 and $100,000 annually each December from 2004 through 2012. On July 1, 2009, MasterCard entered into an agreement (the “Prepayment Agreement”) with plaintiffs of the U.S. Merchant Lawsuit Settlement whereby MasterCard agreed to make a prepayment of its remaining $400,000 in payment obligations at a discounted amount of $335,000 on September 30, 2009. The Company made the prepayment at the discounted amount of $335,000 on September 30, 2009, after the Prepayment Agreement became final.

Total liabilities for litigation settlements changed from December 31, 2008, as follows:

 

Balance as of December 31, 2008

   $ 1,736,298   

Interest accretion on American Express Settlement

     52,049   

Interest accretion on U.S. Merchant Lawsuit Settlement

     20,506   

Payments on American Express Settlement

     (450,000

Payments on U.S. Merchant Lawsuit Settlement

     (335,000

Gain on prepayment of U.S. Merchant Lawsuit Settlement

     (14,234

Other payments, accruals and accretion, net

     718   
        

Balance as of September 30, 2009

   $ 1,010,337   
        

See Note 18 (Legal and Regulatory Proceedings) for additional discussion regarding the Company’s legal proceedings.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

Note 17. Income Taxes

The effective income tax rates were 32.9% and 34.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively, and 33.6% and 40.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The difference in the effective tax rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 is due primarily to the effect of the charges associated with the Discover Settlement and the American Express Settlement recorded in the nine month period ended September 30, 2008, which resulted in a more favorable mix of pre-tax income (loss) for the period, as well as a reduction in the balance of reserves for uncertain tax positions due to changes in judgment related to prior year tax positions and the effective settlement of examinations with the IRS, recorded in the nine month period ended September 30, 2009. The difference in the effective tax rates for the three month periods ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 is due primarily to the effect of the charges related to the Discover Settlement recorded in the three month period ended September 30, 2008, which resulted in a more favorable mix of pre-tax income (loss) for the period, as well as a reduction in the balance of reserves for uncertain tax positions due to changes in judgment related to prior year tax positions and the effective settlement of examinations with the IRS, recorded in the three month period ended September 30, 2009.

During the three months ended September 30, 2009, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken during the current and prior periods decreased by $31,789. During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken during the current and prior periods decreased by $14,244. The decrease in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 was primarily due to changes in judgment related to prior year tax positions, as well as from the effective settlement of examinations with the IRS. As of September 30, 2009, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits related to positions taken during the current and prior periods was $148,941, all of which would reduce the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized.

A reconciliation of beginning and ending unrecognized tax benefits for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 is as follows:

 

Balance as of December 31, 2008

   $ 163,185   

Additions:

  

Current year tax positions

     14,882   

Prior year tax positions

     2,232   

Reductions:

  

Prior year tax positions, due to changes in judgments

     (18,248

Effective settlements with tax authorities

     (10,087

Expired statute of limitations

     (3,023
        

Balance as of September 30, 2009

   $ 148,941   
        

Note 18. Legal and Regulatory Proceedings

MasterCard is a party to legal and regulatory proceedings with respect to a variety of matters in the ordinary course of business. Some of these proceedings involve complex claims that are subject to substantial uncertainties and unascertainable damages. Therefore, the probability of loss and an estimation of damages are not possible to ascertain at present. Accordingly, except as discussed below, MasterCard has not established reserves for any of these proceedings. MasterCard has recorded liabilities for certain legal proceedings which have been settled through contractual agreements. Except as described below, MasterCard does not believe that any legal or regulatory proceedings to which it is a party would have a material impact on its results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. Although MasterCard believes that it has strong defenses for the litigations and regulatory proceedings described below, it could in the future incur judgments or fines, enter into settlements of claims or be required to change its business practices in ways that could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Notwithstanding MasterCard’s belief, in the event it were found liable in a large class-action lawsuit or on the basis of a claim entitling the plaintiff to treble damages or under which it were jointly and severally liable, charges it may be required to record could be significant and could materially and adversely affect its results of operations, cash flow and financial condition, or, in certain circumstances, even cause MasterCard to become

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

insolvent. Moreover, an adverse outcome in a regulatory proceeding could result in fines and/or lead to the filing of civil damage claims and possibly result in damage awards in amounts that could be significant and could materially and adversely affect the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

Department of Justice Antitrust Litigation and Related Private Litigations

In October 1998, the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) filed suit against MasterCard International, Visa U.S.A., Inc. and Visa International Corp. in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York alleging that both MasterCard’s and Visa’s governance structure and policies violated U.S. federal antitrust laws. First, the DOJ claimed that “dual governance”— the situation where a financial institution has a representative on the Board of Directors of MasterCard or Visa while a portion of its card portfolio is issued under the brand of the other association—was anti-competitive and acted to limit innovation within the payment card industry. Second, the DOJ challenged MasterCard’s Competitive Programs Policy (“CPP”) and a Visa bylaw provision that prohibited financial institutions participating in the respective associations from issuing competing proprietary payment cards (such as American Express or Discover). The DOJ alleged that MasterCard’s CPP and Visa’s bylaw provision acted to restrain competition.

On October 9, 2001, District Court Judge Barbara Jones issued an opinion upholding the legality and pro-competitive nature of dual governance. However, the judge also held that MasterCard’s CPP and the Visa bylaw constituted unlawful restraints of trade under the federal antitrust laws. On November 26, 2001, the judge issued a final judgment that ordered MasterCard to repeal the CPP insofar as it applies to issuers and enjoined MasterCard from enacting or enforcing any bylaw, rule, policy or practice that prohibits its issuers from issuing general purpose credit or debit cards in the United States on any other general purpose card network. The Second Circuit upheld the final judgment and the Supreme Court denied certiorari.

Shortly after the Supreme Court’s denial of certiorari, both American Express and Discover Financial Services, Inc. filed complaints against MasterCard and Visa in which they alleged that the implementation and enforcement of MasterCard’s CPP and Visa’s bylaw provision violated both Section 1 of the Sherman Act, which prohibits contracts, combinations and conspiracies that unreasonably restrain trade and Section 2 of the Sherman Act, which prohibits monopolization and attempts or conspiracy to monopolize a particular market. These actions were designated as related cases to the DOJ litigation. On June 24, 2008, MasterCard entered into a settlement agreement with American Express to resolve all current litigation between American Express and MasterCard. Under the terms of the settlement agreement, MasterCard is obligated to make twelve quarterly payments of up to $150,000 per quarter with the first payment having been made in September 2008. See Note 16 (Obligations under Litigation Settlements) for additional discussion. On October 27, 2008, MasterCard and Visa entered into a settlement agreement with Discover, ending all litigation between the parties for a total of $2,750,000. The MasterCard share of the settlement, paid to Discover in November 2008, was $862,500. In addition, in connection with the Discover Settlement and pursuant to a separate agreement, Morgan Stanley, Discover’s former parent company, paid MasterCard $35,000 in November 2008.

On April 29, 2005, a complaint was filed in California state court on behalf of a putative class of consumers under California unfair competition law (Section 17200) and the Cartwright Act (the “Attridge action”). The claims in this action seek to piggyback on the portion of the DOJ antitrust litigation discussed above with regard to the district court’s findings concerning MasterCard’s CPP and Visa’s related bylaw. MasterCard and Visa moved to dismiss the complaint and the court granted the defendants’ motion to dismiss the plaintiffs’ Cartwright Act claims but denied the defendants’ motion to dismiss the plaintiffs’ Section 17200 unfair competition claims. MasterCard filed an answer to the complaint on June 19, 2006 and the parties have proceeded with discovery. On September 14, 2009, MasterCard executed a settlement agreement that is subject to court approval in the California consumer litigations (see “- U.S. Merchant and Consumer Litigations”) which release included a release of the claims in the Attridge action. The plaintiff in the Attridge action has objected to the release of his claims and the court in the California consumer actions will hold a hearing on December 3, 2009 concerning such objections as well as more generally the preliminary approval of the settlement. At this time, it is not possible to determine the outcome of, or estimate the liability related to, this action and no provision for losses has been provided in connection with it.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

Currency Conversion Litigations

MasterCard International, together with Visa U.S.A., Inc. and Visa International Corp., are defendants in a state court lawsuit in California. The lawsuit alleges that MasterCard and Visa wrongfully imposed an asserted one percent currency conversion “fee” on every credit card transaction by U.S. MasterCard and Visa cardholders involving the purchase of goods or services in a foreign country, and that such alleged “fee” is unlawful. This action, titled Schwartz v. Visa Int’l Corp., et al., was brought in the Superior Court of California in February 2000, purportedly on behalf of the general public. Trial of the Schwartz matter commenced on May 20, 2002 and concluded on November 27, 2002. The Schwartz action claims that the alleged “fee” grossly exceeds any costs the defendants might incur in connection with currency conversions relating to credit card purchase transactions made in foreign countries and is not properly disclosed to cardholders. MasterCard denies these allegations.

On April 8, 2003, the trial court judge issued a final decision in the Schwartz matter. In his decision, the trial judge found that MasterCard’s currency conversion process does not violate the Truth in Lending Act or regulations, nor is it unconscionably priced under California law. However, the judge found that the practice is deceptive under California law, and ordered that MasterCard mandate that members disclose the currency conversion process to cardholders in cardholder agreements, applications, solicitations and monthly billing statements. As to MasterCard, the judge also ordered restitution to California cardholders. The judge issued a decision on restitution on September 19, 2003, which requires a traditional notice and claims process in which consumers have approximately nine months to submit their claims. The court issued its final judgment on October 31, 2003. On December 29, 2003, MasterCard appealed the judgment. The final judgment and restitution process were stayed pending MasterCard’s appeal. On August 6, 2004, the court awarded plaintiff’s attorneys’ fees and costs in the amount of $28,224 to be paid equally by MasterCard and Visa. Accordingly, during the three months ended September 30, 2004, MasterCard accrued amounts totaling $14,112. MasterCard subsequently filed a notice of appeal on the attorneys’ fee award on October 1, 2004. With respect to restitution, MasterCard believed that it was likely to prevail on appeal. In February 2005, MasterCard filed an appeal regarding the applicability of Proposition 64, which amended sections 17203 and 17204 of the California Business and Professions Code, to this action. On September 28, 2005, the appellate court reversed the trial court, finding that the plaintiff lacked standing to pursue the action in light of Proposition 64. On May 8, 2007, the trial court dismissed the case.

MasterCard International, Visa U.S.A., Inc., Visa International Corp., several member banks including Citibank (South Dakota), N.A., Chase Manhattan Bank USA, N.A., Bank of America, N.A. (USA), MBNA, and Citicorp Diners Club Inc. are also defendants in a number of federal putative class actions that allege, among other things, violations of federal antitrust laws based on the asserted one percent currency conversion “fee.” Pursuant to an order of the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation, the federal complaints have been consolidated in MDL No. 1409 before Judge William H. Pauley III in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. In January 2002, the federal plaintiffs filed a Consolidated Amended Complaint (“MDL Complaint”) adding MBNA Corporation and MBNA America Bank, N.A. as defendants. This pleading asserts two theories of antitrust conspiracy under Section 1 of the Sherman Act: (i) an alleged “inter-association” conspiracy among MasterCard (together with its members), Visa (together with its members) and Diners Club to fix currency conversion “fees” allegedly charged to cardholders of “no less than 1% of the transaction amount and frequently more”; and (ii) two alleged “intra-association” conspiracies, whereby each of Visa and MasterCard is claimed separately to have conspired with its members to fix currency conversion “fees” allegedly charged to cardholders of “no less than 1% of the transaction amount” and “to facilitate and encourage institution—and collection—of second tier currency conversion surcharges.” The MDL Complaint also asserts that the alleged currency conversion “fees” have not been disclosed as required by the Truth in Lending Act and Regulation Z.

On July 20, 2006, MasterCard and the other defendants in the MDL action entered into agreements settling the MDL action and related matters, as well as the Schwartz matter. Pursuant to the settlement agreements, MasterCard paid $72,480 to be used for defendants’ settlement fund to settle the MDL action and $13,440 to settle the Schwartz matter. On November 8, 2006, Judge Pauley granted preliminary approval of the settlement agreements. The settlement agreements are subject to final approval by Judge Pauley, and resolution of all appeals. The hearing on final approval of the settlement agreements was held on March 31, 2008. On October 22, 2009, Judge Pauley issued a memorandum and order granting final approval to the settlement agreements. The time in which to seek reconsideration of the final approval or to appeal the approval has not yet started to run. On November 15, 2006, the plaintiff in one of the New York state court cases appealed the preliminary approval of the settlement

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

agreement to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. On June 6, 2007, the appellate court granted MasterCard’s motion to defer briefing until a final settlement is approved in the MDL action. With regard to other state court currency conversion actions, MasterCard has reached agreements in principle with the plaintiffs for a total of $3,557, which has been accrued. Settlement agreements have been executed with plaintiffs in the Ohio, Pennsylvania, Florida, Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee, Arizona, New York, Minnesota, Illinois and Missouri actions. At this time, it is not possible to predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of these matters.

U.S. Merchant and Consumer Litigations

Commencing in October 1996, several class action suits were brought by a number of U.S. merchants against MasterCard International and Visa U.S.A., Inc. challenging certain aspects of the payment card industry under U.S. federal antitrust law. Those suits were later consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York. The plaintiffs claimed that MasterCard’s “Honor All Cards” rule (and a similar Visa rule), which required merchants who accept MasterCard cards to accept for payment every validly presented MasterCard card, constituted an illegal tying arrangement in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act. Plaintiffs claimed that MasterCard and Visa unlawfully tied acceptance of debit cards to acceptance of credit cards. On June 4, 2003, MasterCard International signed a settlement agreement to settle the claims brought by the plaintiffs in this matter, which the Court approved on December 19, 2003. On January 24, 2005, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals issued an order affirming the District Court’s approval of the settlement agreement thus making it final. On July 1, 2009, MasterCard International entered into an agreement with the plaintiffs to prepay MasterCard International’s remaining payment obligations under the settlement agreement at a discount. On August 26, 2009, the court entered a final order approving the prepayment agreement. The agreement became final pursuant to its terms on September 25, 2009 as there were no appeals of the court’s approval, and the prepayment was made on September 30, 2009. See Note 16 (Obligations under Litigation Settlements) for additional discussion.

In addition, individual or multiple complaints have been brought in 19 different states and the District of Columbia alleging state unfair competition, consumer protection and common law claims against MasterCard International (and Visa) on behalf of putative classes of consumers. The claims in these actions largely mirror the allegations made in the U.S. merchant lawsuit and assert that merchants, faced with excessive merchant discount fees, have passed these overcharges to consumers in the form of higher prices on goods and services sold. MasterCard has been successful in dismissing cases in seventeen of the jurisdictions as courts have granted MasterCard’s motions to dismiss for failure to state a claim or plaintiffs have voluntarily dismissed their complaints. However, there are outstanding cases in New Mexico and California. The parties are awaiting a decision on MasterCard’s motion to dismiss in New Mexico. In December 2008, MasterCard reached an agreement in principle to resolve the California state court actions described above for a payment by MasterCard of $6,000. On September 14, 2009, the parties to the California state court actions executed a settlement agreement which would resolve the actions, subject to approval by the California state court. The court has scheduled a hearing concerning the preliminary approval of the settlement agreement on December 3, 2009.

At this time, it is not possible to determine the outcome of, or, except as indicated above in the California consumer action, estimate the liability related to, the remaining consumer cases and no provision for losses has been provided in connection with them. The consumer class actions are not covered by the terms of the settlement agreement in the U.S. merchant lawsuit.

Interchange Litigation and Regulatory Proceedings

Interchange fees represent a sharing of payment system costs among the financial institutions participating in a four-party payment card system such as MasterCard’s. Typically, interchange fees are paid by the acquirer to the issuer in connection with transactions initiated with the payment system’s cards. These fees reimburse the issuer for a portion of the costs incurred by it in providing services which are of benefit to all participants in the system, including acquirers and merchants. MasterCard or its customer financial institutions establish default interchange fees in certain circumstances that apply when there is no other interchange fee arrangement between the issuer and the acquirer. MasterCard establishes a variety of interchange rates depending on such considerations as the location and the type of transaction, and collects the interchange fee on behalf of the institutions entitled to receive it and remits the interchange fee to eligible institutions. As described more fully below, MasterCard’s interchange fees are subject to regulatory or legal review and/or challenges in a number of jurisdictions. At this time, it is not possible to determine the ultimate resolution of, or estimate the liability related to, any of the interchange proceedings described below. Except as described below, no provision for losses has been provided in connection with them.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

United States. On June 22, 2005, a purported class action lawsuit was filed by a group of merchants in the U.S. District Court of Connecticut against MasterCard International Incorporated, Visa U.S.A., Inc. Visa International Service Association and a number of member banks alleging, among other things, that MasterCard’s and Visa’s purported setting of interchange fees violates Section 1 of the Sherman Act, which prohibits contracts, combinations and conspiracies that unreasonably restrain trade. In addition, the complaint alleges MasterCard’s and Visa’s purported tying and bundling of transaction fees also constitutes a violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act. The suit seeks treble damages in an unspecified amount, attorneys’ fees and injunctive relief. Since the filing of this complaint, there have been approximately fifty similar complaints (the majority styled as class actions although a few complaints are on behalf of individual plaintiffs) filed on behalf of merchants against MasterCard and Visa (and in some cases, certain member banks) in federal courts in California, New York, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Ohio, Kentucky and Connecticut. On October 19, 2005, the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation issued an order transferring these cases to Judge Gleeson of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York for coordination of pre-trial proceedings in MDL No. 1720. On April 24, 2006, the group of purported class plaintiffs filed a First Amended Class Action Complaint. Taken together, the claims in the First Amended Class Action Complaint and in the complaints brought on the behalf of the individual merchants are generally brought under both Section 1 of the Sherman Act and Section 2 of the Sherman Act, which prohibits monopolization and attempts or conspiracies to monopolize a particular industry. Specifically, the complaints contain some or all of the following claims: (i) that MasterCard’s and Visa’s setting of interchange fees (for both credit and offline debit transactions) violates Section 1 of the Sherman Act; (ii) that MasterCard and Visa have enacted and enforced various rules, including the no surcharge rule and purported anti-steering rules, in violation of Section 1 or 2 of the Sherman Act; (iii) that MasterCard’s and Visa’s purported bundling of the acceptance of premium credit cards to standard credit cards constitutes an unlawful tying arrangement; and (iv) that MasterCard and Visa have unlawfully tied and bundled transaction fees. In addition to the claims brought under federal antitrust law, some of these complaints contain certain unfair competition law claims under state law based upon the same conduct described above. These interchange-related litigations also seek treble damages, as well as attorneys’ fees and injunctive relief. On June 9, 2006, MasterCard answered the complaint and moved to dismiss or, alternatively, moved to strike the pre-2004 damage claims that were contained in the First Amended Class Action Complaint and moved to dismiss the Section 2 claims that were brought in the individual merchant complaints. On January 8, 2008, the district court dismissed the plaintiffs’ pre-2004 damage claims. On May 14, 2008, the court denied MasterCard’s motion to dismiss the Section 2 monopolization claims. Fact discovery has been proceeding and was generally completed by November 21, 2008. Briefs have been submitted on plaintiffs’ motion for class certification. The court has scheduled oral argument on the plaintiffs’ class certification motion for November 19, 2009.

On January 29, 2009, the class plaintiffs filed a Second Consolidated Class Action Complaint. The allegations and claims in this complaint generally mirror those in the first amended class action complaint described above although plaintiffs have added additional claims brought under Sections 1 and 2 of the Sherman Act against MasterCard, Visa and a number of banks alleging, among other things, that the networks and banks have continued to fix interchange fees following each network’s initial public offering. On March 31, 2009, MasterCard and the other defendants in the action filed a motion to dismiss the Second Consolidated Class Action Complaint in its entirety, or alternatively, to narrow the claims in the complaint. The parties have fully briefed the motion and the court has scheduled oral argument on the motion for November 18, 2009.

On July 5, 2006, the group of purported class plaintiffs filed a supplemental complaint alleging that MasterCard’s initial public offering of its Class A Common Stock in May 2006 (the “IPO”) and certain purported agreements entered into between MasterCard and its member financial institutions in connection with the IPO: (1) violate Section 7 of the Clayton Act because their effect allegedly may be to substantially lessen competition, (2) violate Section 1 of the Sherman Act because they allegedly constitute an unlawful combination in restraint of trade and (3) constitute a fraudulent conveyance because the member banks are allegedly attempting to release without adequate consideration from the member banks MasterCard’s right to assess the member banks for MasterCard’s litigation liabilities in these interchange-related litigations and in other antitrust litigations pending against it. The plaintiffs seek unspecified damages and an order reversing and unwinding the IPO. On September 15, 2006, MasterCard moved to dismiss all of the claims contained in the supplemental complaint. On November 25, 2008, the district court granted MasterCard’s motion to dismiss the plaintiffs’ supplemental complaint in its entirety with

 

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(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

leave to file an amended complaint. On January 29, 2009, the class plaintiffs repled their complaint directed at MasterCard’s IPO by filing a First Amended Supplemental Class Action Complaint. The causes of action in the complaint generally mirror those in the plaintiffs’ original IPO-related complaint although the plaintiffs have attempted to expand their factual allegations based upon discovery that has been garnered in the case. The class plaintiffs seek treble damages and injunctive relief including, but not limited to, an order reversing and unwinding the IPO. On March 31, 2009, MasterCard filed a motion to dismiss the First Amended Supplemental Class Action Complaint in its entirety. The parties have fully briefed the motion to dismiss and the court will hold oral argument on the motion on November 18, 2009. On July 2, 2009, the class plaintiffs and individual plaintiffs served confidential expert reports detailing the plaintiffs’ theories of liability and alleging damages in the tens of billions of dollars. The defendants are scheduled to serve their expert reports on December 2, 2009. Briefing on dispositive motions, including summary judgment motions, is currently scheduled to be completed on October 25, 2010. No trial date has been scheduled. The parties have also entered into court-recommended mediation.

On October 10, 2008, the Antitrust Division of the DOJ issued a CID to MasterCard and other payment industry participants seeking information regarding certain rules relating to merchant acceptance, particularly with respect to merchants’ ability to steer customers to payment forms preferred by merchants. Subsequently, MasterCard received requests for similar information from certain State Attorneys General, including the Attorneys General of Ohio and Texas. MasterCard is cooperating with the DOJ and the offices of the State Attorneys General in connection with their requests for information.

European Union. In September 2000, the European Commission issued a “Statement of Objections” challenging Visa International’s cross-border default interchange fees under European Community competition rules. On July 24, 2002, the European Commission announced its decision to exempt the Visa interchange fees from these rules through the end of 2007 based on certain changes proposed by Visa to its interchange fees. Among other things, in connection with the exemption order, Visa agreed to adopt a cost-based methodology for calculating its interchange fees similar to the methodology employed by MasterCard, which considers the costs of certain specified services provided by issuers, and to reduce its interchange rates for debit and credit transactions to amounts at or below certain specified levels.

On September 25, 2003, the European Commission issued a Statement of Objections challenging MasterCard Europe’s cross-border default interchange fees. On June 23, 2006, the European Commission issued a supplemental Statement of Objections covering credit, debit and commercial card fees. On November 14 and 15, 2006, the European Commission held hearings on MasterCard Europe’s cross-border default interchange fees. On March 23, 2007, the European Commission issued a Letter of Facts, also covering credit, debit and commercial card fees and discussing its views on the impact of the IPO on the case. MasterCard Europe responded to the Statements of Objections and Letter of Facts and made presentations on a variety of issues at the hearings.

The European Commission announced its decision on December 19, 2007. The decision applies to MasterCard’s default cross-border interchange fees for MasterCard and Maestro branded consumer payment card transactions in the European Economic Area (“EEA”) (the European Commission refers to these as “MasterCard’s MIF”), but not to commercial card transactions (the European Commission stated publicly that it has not yet finished its investigation of commercial card interchange fees). The decision applies to MasterCard’s MIF for cross-border consumer card payments and to any domestic consumer card transactions that default to MasterCard’s MIF, of which currently there are none. The decision required MasterCard to cease applying the MasterCard MIF, to refrain from repeating the infringement, and not to apply its then recently adopted (but never implemented) Maestro SEPA and Intra-Eurozone default interchange fees to debit card payment transactions within the Eurozone. MasterCard understood that the decision gave MasterCard until June 21, 2008 to comply, with the possibility that the European Commission could have extended this time at its discretion. The decision also required MasterCard to issue certain specific notices to financial institutions and other entities that participate in its MasterCard and Maestro payment systems in the EEA and make certain specific public announcements, regarding the steps it has taken to comply. The decision does not impose a fine on MasterCard, but provides for a daily penalty of up to 3.5% of MasterCard’s daily consolidated global turnover in the preceding business year (which MasterCard estimates to be approximately $500 U.S. per day) in the event that MasterCard fails to comply. On March 1, 2008, MasterCard filed an application for annulment of the European Commission’s decision with the EU Court of First Instance.

 

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(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

On March 26, 2008, the European Commission announced that it has opened formal antitrust proceedings against, and on April 6, 2009, the European Commission announced that it had issued a Statement of Objections to, Visa Europe Limited, under Article 81 of the EC Treaty. The proceedings are in relation to Visa’s multilateral interchange fees for cross-border consumer payment card transactions within the EEA and Visa’s ‘honor all cards’ rule as it applies to these transactions.

The December 19, 2007 decision against MasterCard permits MasterCard to establish other default cross-border interchange fees for MasterCard and Maestro branded consumer payment card transactions in the EEA if MasterCard can demonstrate by empirical proof to the European Commission’s satisfaction that the new interchange fees create efficiencies that outweigh the restriction of competition alleged by the European Commission, that consumers get a fair share of the benefits of the new interchange fees, that there are no less restrictive means of achieving the efficiencies of MasterCard’s payment systems, and that competition is not eliminated altogether. In March 2008, MasterCard entered into discussions with the European Commission about, among other things, the nature of the empirical proof it would require for MasterCard to establish other default cross-border interchange fees consistent with the decision and so as to understand more fully the European Commission’s position as to how it may comply with the decision. MasterCard requested an extension of time to comply with the decision and, on April 26, 2008, the European Commission informed MasterCard that it had rejected such request. On June 12, 2008 MasterCard announced that, effective June 21, 2008, MasterCard would temporarily repeal its then current default intra-EEA cross-border consumer card interchange fees in conformity with the decision. Discussions continued between MasterCard and the European Commission concerning what interchange fee setting methodology MasterCard might employ and what level of interchange fees it might establish in compliance with the decision. On October 17, 2008, MasterCard received an information request from the European Commission in connection with the decision concerning certain pricing changes that MasterCard implemented as of October 1, 2008. MasterCard submitted its response on November 13, 2008.

On March 30, 2009, MasterCard gave certain undertakings to the European Commission and, in response, on April 1, 2009, the Commissioner for competition policy and DG Competition informed MasterCard that, subject to MasterCard’s fulfilling its undertakings, they do not intend to pursue proceedings for non-compliance with or circumvention of the decision of December 19, 2007 or for infringing the antitrust laws in relation to the October 1, 2008 pricing changes, the introduction of new cross-border consumer default interchange fees or any of the other MasterCard undertakings. MasterCard’s undertakings include: (1) repealing the October 1, 2008 pricing changes; (2) adopting a specific methodology for the setting of cross-border consumer default interchange fees; (3) establishing new default cross-border consumer interchange fees as of July 1, 2009 such that the weighted average interchange fee for credit card transactions does not exceed 30 basis points and for debit card transactions does not exceed 20 basis points; (4) introducing a new rule prohibiting its acquirers from requiring merchants to process all of their MasterCard and Maestro transactions with the acquirer; and (5) introducing a new rule requiring its acquirers to provide merchants with certain pricing information in connection with MasterCard and Maestro transactions. The undertakings will be effective until a final decision by the EU Court of First Instance regarding MasterCard’s application for annulment of the European Commission’s December 19, 2007 decision.

Although MasterCard believes that any other business practices it would implement in response to the decision would be in compliance with the decision, the European Commission may deem any such practice not in compliance with the decision, or in violation of European competition law, in which case MasterCard may be assessed fines for the period that it is not in compliance. Furthermore, because a balancing mechanism like default cross-border interchange fees constitutes an essential element of MasterCard Europe’s operations, the decision could also significantly impact MasterCard International’s European customers’ and MasterCard Europe’s business. The European Commission decision could also lead to competition authorities in one or more EU Member States commencing investigations or proceedings regarding domestic interchange fees or, in certain jurisdictions, regulation. In addition, the European Commission’s decision could lead to the filing of private actions against MasterCard Europe by merchants and/or consumers which, if MasterCard is unsuccessful in its appeal of the decision, could result in MasterCard owing substantial damages.

United Kingdom Office of Fair Trading. On September 25, 2001, the Office of Fair Trading of the United Kingdom (“OFT”) issued a Rule 14 Notice under the U.K. Competition Act 1998 challenging the MasterCard default interchange fees and multilateral service fee (“MSF”), the fee paid by issuers to acquirers when a customer uses a MasterCard-branded card in the United Kingdom either at an ATM or over the counter to obtain a cash

 

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advance. Until November 2004, the interchange fees and MSF were established by MasterCard U.K. Members Forum Limited (“MMF”) (formerly MasterCard Europay U.K. Ltd.) for domestic credit card transactions in the United Kingdom. The notice contained preliminary conclusions to the effect that the MasterCard U.K. default interchange fees and MSF infringed U.K. competition law and did not qualify for an exemption in their present forms. On February 11, 2003, the OFT issued a supplemental Rule 14 Notice, which also contained preliminary conclusions challenging MasterCard’s U.K. interchange fees (but not the MSF) under the Competition Act. On November 10, 2004, the OFT issued a third notice (now called a Statement of Objections) claiming that the interchange fees infringed U.K. and European Union competition law.

On November 18, 2004, MasterCard’s board of directors adopted a resolution withdrawing the authority of the U.K. members to set domestic MasterCard interchange fees and MSFs and conferring such authority exclusively on MasterCard’s President and Chief Executive Officer.

On September 6, 2005, the OFT issued its decision, concluding that MasterCard’s U.K. interchange fees that were established by MMF prior to November 18, 2004 contravene U.K. and European Union competition law. The OFT decided not to impose penalties on MasterCard or MMF. MMF and MasterCard appealed the OFT’s decision to the U.K. Competition Appeals Tribunal. On June 19, 2006, the U.K. Competition Appeals Tribunal set aside the OFT’s decision, following the OFT’s request to the Tribunal to withdraw the decision and end its case against MasterCard’s U.K. default interchange fees in place prior to November 18, 2004.

Shortly thereafter, the OFT commenced a new investigation of MasterCard’s current U.K. default credit card interchange fees and announced on February 9, 2007 that the investigation would also cover so-called “immediate debit” cards. To date, the OFT has issued a number of requests for information to MasterCard Europe and financial institutions that participate in MasterCard’s payment system in the United Kingdom. MasterCard understands that the OFT is considering whether to commence a formal proceeding through the issuance of a Statement of Objections. If the OFT ultimately determines that any of MasterCard’s U.K. interchange fees contravene U.K. and European Union competition law, it may issue a new decision and possibly levy fines accruing from the date of its first decision. MasterCard would likely appeal a negative decision by the OFT in any future proceeding to the Competition Appeals Tribunal. Such an OFT decision could lead to the filing of private actions against MasterCard by merchants and/or consumers which, if its appeal of such an OFT decision were to fail, could result in an award or awards of substantial damages and could have a significant adverse impact on the revenues of MasterCard International’s U.K. customers and MasterCard’s overall business in the U.K.

Poland. In April 2001, in response to merchant complaints, the Polish Office for Protection of Competition and Consumers (the “PCA”) initiated an investigation of MasterCard’s (and Visa’s) domestic credit and debit card default interchange fees. MasterCard Europe filed several submissions and met with the PCA in connection with the investigation. In January 2007, the PCA issued a decision that MasterCard’s (and Visa’s) interchange fees are unlawful under Polish competition law, and imposed fines on MasterCard’s (and Visa’s) licensed financial institutions. PCA also decided that MasterCard (and Visa) had not violated the law. MasterCard and the financial institutions appealed the decision. On November 12, 2008, the appeals court reversed the decision of the PCA and also rejected MasterCard’s appeal on the basis that MasterCard did not have a legal interest in the PCA’s decision because its conduct was not found to be in breach of the relevant competition laws. MasterCard has appealed this part of the appeals court’s decision because it has significant interest in the outcome of the case. The PCA has appealed other parts of the decision. If on appeal the PCA’s decision is ultimately allowed to stand, it could have a significant adverse impact on the revenues of MasterCard’s Polish customers and on MasterCard’s overall business in Poland.

Hungary. In January 2008, the Hungarian Competition Authority (HCA) notified MasterCard that it had commenced a formal investigation of MasterCard Europe’s (and Visa Europe’s) domestic interchange fees. This followed an informal investigation that the HCA had been conducting since the middle of 2007. On July 12, 2009, the HCA issued to MasterCard a Preliminary Position that MasterCard Europe’s historic domestic interchange fees violate Hungarian competition law. MasterCard responded to the Preliminary Position both in writing and at a hearing which was held on September 8 and 9, 2009. On September 24, 2009, the HCA ruled that MasterCard’s (and Visa’s) historic interchange fees violated the law and fined MasterCard Europe and Visa Europe each approximately $2,600. MasterCard accrued approximately $2,600 for this matter during the third quarter of 2009. MasterCard intends to appeal the decision to the Hungarian courts. If the HCA’s decision is not reversed on appeal, it could have a significant adverse impact on the revenues of MasterCard's Hungarian customers and on MasterCard’s overall business in Hungary.

 

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(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

Italy. On July 15, 2009, the Italian Competition Authority commenced a proceeding against MasterCard and a number of its customers concerning MasterCard Europe’s domestic interchange fees in Italy. If the Italian Competition Authority issues a Statement of Objections to MasterCard in connection with the matter, MasterCard would have the opportunity to respond both in writing and at a hearing and, if a negative decision were reached, to appeal the decision. A negative decision could result in MasterCard and/or its customers being fined and, if not reversed on appeal, could have a significant adverse impact on the revenues of MasterCard's Italian customers and on MasterCard’s overall business in Italy.

New Zealand. In November 2003, MasterCard assumed responsibility for setting domestic default interchange fees in New Zealand, which previously had been set by MasterCard’s customer financial institutions in New Zealand. In early 2004, the New Zealand Competition Commission (the “NZCC”) commenced an investigation of MasterCard’s domestic interchange fees. MasterCard cooperated with the NZCC in its investigation, made a number of submissions concerning its New Zealand domestic default interchange fees and met with the NZCC on several occasions to discuss its investigation. In November 2006, the NZCC filed a lawsuit alleging that MasterCard’s (and Visa’s) domestic default interchange fees and certain other of MasterCard’s practices including its “honor all cards” rule do not comply with New Zealand competition law, and seeking penalties. Several large merchants subsequently filed similar lawsuits seeking damages and injunctive relief. On August 24, 2009, MasterCard entered into a settlement with the NZCC under which, in return for the NZCC terminating the proceeding as against MasterCard, MasterCard agreed to modify and/or clarify some of its rules as they apply to New Zealand. These rule modifications which were instituted as a result of the settlement include the fact that MasterCard will set maximum interchange rates for New Zealand transactions and post them on its website, and issuers will be permitted to set their own interchange fees up to the maximum rates, and MasterCard will not prohibit merchants from imposing a surcharge on their customers when they choose to use their MasterCard cards to make purchases in New Zealand, so long as merchants inform customers and any surcharges bear a reasonable relationship to the merchant’s cost of accepting MasterCard cards. In agreeing to the settlement with the NZCC, MasterCard did not admit any wrongdoing or pay any penalties (however, MasterCard did agree to pay half of the NZCC’s legal costs). On October 2, 2009, MasterCard entered into a settlement with the merchant plaintiffs under which, in return for the merchant plaintiffs terminating the proceeding as against MasterCard, MasterCard agreed, among other things and subject to certain conditions, to give the merchants the same commitments as it had given the NZCC, as set forth above. In agreeing to the settlement with the merchant plaintiffs, MasterCard did not admit any wrongdoing or agree to pay any damages (however, MasterCard did agree to pay half of the merchant plaintiffs’ legal costs).

Australia. In 2002, the Reserve Bank of Australia (“RBA”) announced regulations under the Payments Systems (Regulation) Act of 1998 applicable to four-party credit card payment systems in Australia, including MasterCard’s. Those regulations, among other things, mandate the use of a formula for determining domestic interchange fees that effectively caps their weighted average at 50 basis points. Operators of three-party systems, such as American Express and Diners Club, were unaffected by the interchange fee regulation. In 2007, the RBA commenced a review of such regulations and, on September 26, 2008, the RBA released its final conclusions. These indicated that the RBA was willing to withdraw its regulations if MasterCard and Visa made certain undertakings regarding the future levels of their respective credit card interchange fees and other practices including their “honor all cards” rules. If the undertakings were not made, the RBA said it would consider imposing in 2009 additional regulations that could further reduce the domestic interchange fees of MasterCard and Visa in Australia. On August 26, 2009, the RBA announced that it had decided not to withdraw its regulations and that it would maintain them in their current form pending further consideration of the regulations. MasterCard plans to continue discussions with the RBA as to the nature of the undertakings that MasterCard may be willing to provide. The effect of the undertakings or any such additional regulations could put MasterCard at an even greater competitive disadvantage relative to competitors in Australia that purportedly do not operate four-party systems or, in the case of the undertakings, possibly increase MasterCard’s legal exposure under Australian competition laws, which could have a significant adverse impact on MasterCard’s business in Australia.

South Africa. On August 4, 2006, the South Africa Competition Commission (“SACC”) created a special body, the Jali Enquiry (the “Enquiry”), to examine competition in the payments industry in South Africa, including interchange fees. After nearly two years of investigation, including several rounds of public hearings in which

 

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(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

MasterCard participated, on June 25, 2008, the Enquiry published an Executive Summary of its findings. The Enquiry’s full report was made public on December 12, 2008. The Enquiry recommends, among other things, that an independent authority be established to set payment card interchange fees in South Africa and that payment systems’ (including MasterCard’s) respective “honor all cards” rules be modified to give merchants greater freedom to choose which types of cards to accept. The Enquiry’s report is non-binding but is under active consideration by South African regulators. If adopted, the Enquiry’s recommendations could have a significant adverse impact on MasterCard’s business in South Africa.

On October 21, 2008, the South African National Assembly (the “National Assembly”) adopted amendments to that country’s competition laws concerning: (i) so-called “complex monopolies” and (ii) criminalizing certain violations of those laws (the “Bill”). On January 29, 2009, the then President of South Africa referred the Bill back to the National Assembly for further consideration and, in early February, the National Assembly readopted the Bill. The President also stated that he might submit the Bill to that country’s Constitutional Court for review. In April 2009, South Africa elected a new President, who signed the Bill on August 27, 2009 without either referring it to the Constitutional Court or setting a date on which the Bill will enter into force. If and when the Bill becomes effective, it could have a significant adverse impact on MasterCard’s business in South Africa.

Other Jurisdictions. In January 2006, a German retailers association filed a complaint with the Federal Cartel Office in Germany concerning MasterCard’s (and Visa’s) domestic default interchange fees. The complaint alleges that MasterCard’s (and Visa’s) German domestic interchange fees are not transparent to merchants and include so-called “extraneous costs”. MasterCard understands that the Federal Cartel Office is continuing to review the complaint.

In July 2009, the Canadian Competition Bureau informed MasterCard that it intends to review MasterCard’s (and Visa’s) interchange fees and related rules, such as the “honor all cards” and “no surcharge” rules.

MasterCard is aware that regulatory authorities and/or central banks in certain other jurisdictions including Belgium, Brazil, Colombia, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Israel, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland, Turkey and Venezuela are reviewing MasterCard’s and/or its members’ interchange fees and/or related practices (such as the “honor all cards” rule) and may seek to regulate the establishment of such fees and/or such practices.

Note 19. Settlement, Travelers Cheque and Other Risk Management

MasterCard International’s rules generally guarantee the payment of certain MasterCard, Cirrus and Maestro branded transactions between its principal members. The term and amount of the guarantees are unlimited. Settlement risk is the exposure to members under MasterCard International’s rules (“Settlement Exposure”), due to the difference in timing between the payment transaction date and subsequent settlement. Settlement Exposure is estimated using the average daily card charges during the quarter multiplied by the estimated number of days to settle. The Company has global risk management policies and procedures, which include risk standards, to provide a framework for managing the Company’s settlement risk. Member-reported transaction data and the transaction clearing data underlying the settlement risk calculation may be revised in subsequent reporting periods.

In the event that MasterCard International effects a payment on behalf of a failed member, MasterCard International may seek an assignment of the underlying receivables. Subject to approval by the Board of Directors, members may be charged for the amount of any settlement loss incurred during the ordinary activities of the Company.

MasterCard requires certain members that are not in compliance with the Company’s risk standards in effect at the time of review to post collateral, typically in the form of letters of credit and bank guarantees. This requirement is based on management review of the individual risk circumstances for each member that is out of compliance. In addition to these amounts, MasterCard holds collateral to cover variability and future growth in member programs. The Company also holds collateral to pay merchants in the event of merchant bank/acquirer failure. Although it is not contractually obligated under MasterCard International’s rules to effect such payments, the Company may elect to do so to protect brand integrity. MasterCard monitors its credit risk portfolio on a regular basis and the adequacy of collateral on hand. Additionally, from time to time, the Company reviews its risk management methodology and standards. As such, the amounts of estimated settlement risk are revised as necessary.

 

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(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

Estimated Settlement Exposure, and the portion of the Company’s uncollateralized Settlement Exposure for MasterCard-branded transactions that relates to members that are deemed not to be in compliance with, or that are under review in connection with, the Company’s risk management standards, were as follows:

 

     September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 

MasterCard-branded transactions:

    

Gross Settlement Exposure

   $ 23,610,920      $ 21,179,044   

Collateral held for Settlement Exposure

     (2,731,450     (1,813,171
                

Net uncollateralized Settlement Exposure

   $ 20,879,470      $ 19,365,873   
                

Uncollateralized Settlement Exposure attributable to non-compliant members

   $ 335,017      $ 56,795   
                

Cirrus and Maestro transactions:

    

Gross Settlement Exposure

   $ 3,601,285      $ 3,236,175   
                

Although MasterCard holds collateral at the member level, the Cirrus and Maestro estimated settlement exposures are calculated at the regional level. Therefore, these settlement exposures are reported on a gross basis, rather than net of collateral.

Of the total estimated Settlement Exposure under the MasterCard brand, net of collateral, the United States accounted for approximately 44% and 49% at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. The second largest country that accounted for this Settlement Exposure was the United Kingdom, at approximately 9% and 10% at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. Of the total uncollateralized Settlement Exposure attributable to non-compliant members, five members represented approximately 81% and 48% at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

MasterCard guarantees the payment of MasterCard-branded travelers cheques in the event of issuer default. The guarantee estimate is based on all outstanding MasterCard-branded travelers cheques, reduced by an actuarial determination of cheques that are not anticipated to be presented for payment. The term and amount of the guarantee are unlimited. MasterCard calculated its MasterCard-branded travelers cheques exposure under this guarantee as $408,781 and $446,679 at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. The reduction in travelers cheques exposure is attributable to a decision by the Company’s two largest issuers to stop selling MasterCard-branded travelers cheques.

A significant portion of the Company’s travelers cheques risk is concentrated in one MasterCard travelers cheques issuer. MasterCard has obtained an unlimited guarantee estimated at $319,343 and $348,995 as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively, from a financial institution that is a member, to cover all of the exposure of outstanding travelers cheques with respect to such issuer. In addition, MasterCard has obtained a limited guarantee estimated at $14,824 and $15,949 at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively, from a financial institution that is a member in order to cover the exposure of outstanding travelers cheques with respect to another issuer. These guarantee amounts have also been reduced by an actuarial determination of travelers cheques that are not anticipated to be presented for payment.

Beginning in 2008 and continuing in 2009, many of the Company's financial institution customers were directly and adversely impacted by the unprecedented events that occurred in the financial markets around the world. The ongoing economic turmoil presents increased risk that the Company may have to perform under its settlement and travelers cheque guarantees. The Company’s global risk management policies and procedures, which are revised and enhanced from time to time, continue to be effective as evidenced by the historically low level of losses that the Company has experienced from customer financial institution failures, including no losses in the last several years.

The Company enters into business agreements in the ordinary course of business under which the Company agrees to indemnify third parties against damages, losses and expenses incurred in connection with legal and other proceedings arising from relationships or transactions with the Company. As the extent of the Company’s obligations under these agreements depends entirely upon the occurrence of future events, the Company’s potential future liability under these agreements is not determinable.

 

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(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

Note 20. Foreign Exchange Risk Management

The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts to manage risk associated with anticipated receipts and disbursements which are either transacted in a non-functional currency or valued based on a currency other than its functional currencies. The Company also enters into foreign currency forward contracts to offset possible changes in value due to foreign exchange fluctuations of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. The objective of this activity is to reduce the Company’s exposure to transaction gains and losses resulting from fluctuations of foreign currencies against its functional currencies. On January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the new disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities. This adoption had no impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations; it required additional financial statement disclosures. The Company has applied these disclosure requirements on a prospective basis. Accordingly, disclosures related to interim periods prior to the date of adoption have not been presented.

The Company does not designate foreign currency forward contracts as hedging instruments pursuant to the accounting standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities. The Company records the change in the estimated fair value of the outstanding forward contracts at the end of the reporting period to its consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of operations.

As of September 30, 2009, all contracts to purchase and sell foreign currency had been entered into with customers of MasterCard International. MasterCard’s outstanding forward contracts are classified by functional currency as summarized below:

U.S. Dollar Functional Currency

 

     September 30, 2009     December 31, 2008  
     Notional    Estimated Fair
Value1
    Notional    Estimated Fair
Value1
 

Commitments to purchase foreign currency

   $ 30,842    $ 181      $ 292,538    $ 21,913   

Commitments to sell foreign currency

     85,985      (3,508     154,187      12,227   

Balance Sheet Location:

          

Accounts Receivable

      $ 873         $ 34,227   

Other Current Liabilities

        (4,200        (87

Euro Functional Currency

 

     September 30, 2009     December 31, 2008  
     Notional    Estimated Fair
Value1
    Notional    Estimated Fair
Value1
 

Commitments to purchase foreign currency

   $ 44,940    $ (2,399 )    $ —      $ —     

Commitments to sell foreign currency

     55,190      (560     66,405      (409

Balance Sheet Location:

          

Accounts Receivable

      $ 38         $ 290   

Other Current Liabilities

        (2,997        (699

 

         Amount and Location of Gain
(Loss) Recognized in Income
 
         Three Months
Ended September 30,
    Nine Months
Ended September 30,
 

Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments

    

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

 

General and administrative

   $ 6,596      $ (15,044
 

Revenues

     (4,709     (1,420
                  
 

Total

   $ 1,887      $ (16,464
                  

 

1

Amounts represent gross fair value amounts while these amounts may be netted for actual balance sheet presentation.

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) cont’d

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

 

The currencies underlying the foreign currency forward contracts consist primarily of the euro, U.K. pound sterling, Canadian dollar, Australian dollar, Norwegian krone, and Brazilian real. The fair value of the foreign currency forward contracts generally reflects the estimated amounts that the Company would receive or (pay), on a pre-tax basis, to terminate the contracts at the reporting date based on broker quotes for the same or similar instruments. The terms of the foreign currency forward contracts are generally less than 18 months. The Company had no deferred gains or losses in accumulated other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 as there were no derivative contracts accounted for under hedge accounting.

The Company’s derivative financial instruments are subject to both credit and market risk. Credit risk is the risk of loss due to failure of the counterparty to perform its obligations in accordance with contractual terms. Market risk is the potential change in an instrument’s value caused by fluctuations in interest rates and other variables related to currency exchange rates. Credit and market risk related to derivative instruments were not material at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

Generally, the Company does not obtain collateral related to forward contracts because of the high credit ratings of the counterparties. The amount of loss the Company would incur if the counterparties failed to perform according to the terms of the contracts is not considered material.

 

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes of MasterCard Incorporated and its consolidated subsidiaries, including MasterCard International Incorporated (“MasterCard International”) and MasterCard Europe sprl (“MasterCard Europe”) (together, “MasterCard” or the “Company”) included elsewhere in this Report.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. When used in this Report, the words “believe,” “expect,” “could,” “may,” “would”, “will” and similar words are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements relate to the Company’s future prospects, developments and business strategies and include, without limitation, the Company’s belief in its ability to drive growth by further penetrating its existing customer base and by expanding its role in targeted geographies and higher-growth segments of the global payments industry, enhancing its relationships with merchants, expanding points of acceptance for its brands, seeking to maintain unsurpassed acceptance and continuing to invest in its brands, pursuing incremental payment processing opportunities throughout the world and increasing volumes and transactions over time. Many factors and uncertainties relating to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control, influence whether any forward-looking statements can or will be achieved. Any one of those factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in writing in any forward-looking statements made by MasterCard or on its behalf. We believe there are certain risk factors that are important to our business, and these could cause actual results to differ from our expectations. Reference should be made to Part I, Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 and an update to the risk factors in Item 1A – Risk Factors of the Company’s Quarterly Report on the Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009 for a complete discussion of these risk factors.

In this Report, references to the “Company”, “MasterCard”, “we”, “us” or “our” refer to the MasterCard brand generally, and to the business conducted by MasterCard Incorporated and its consolidated subsidiaries, including our principal operating subsidiary, MasterCard International Incorporated (d/b/a MasterCard Worldwide).

Non-GAAP Financial Information

Non-GAAP financial information is defined as a numerical measure of a company’s performance that excludes or includes amounts so as to be different than the most comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation S-K, portions of this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” include a reconciliation of certain non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. The presentation of non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the Company’s related financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP.

MasterCard has presented non-GAAP financial measures to enhance an investor’s evaluation of MasterCard’s ongoing operating results and to aid in forecasting future periods. MasterCard’s management uses these non-GAAP financial measures to, among other things, evaluate its ongoing operations in relation to historical results, for internal planning and forecasting purposes and in the calculation of performance-based compensation. More specifically, litigation settlements have been excluded since MasterCard monitors litigation settlements separately from ongoing operations and evaluates ongoing operating performance without these settlements. See “-Operating Expenses” for a table which provides a reconciliation of operating expenses, excluding litigation settlements, to the most directly comparable GAAP measure to allow for a more meaningful comparison of results between periods.

 

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Overview

MasterCard is a leading global payment solutions company that provides a variety of services in support of the credit, debit and related payment programs of over 24,000 financial institutions and other entities that are our customers. We develop and market payment solutions, process payment transactions, and provide support services to our customers and, depending upon the service, to merchants and other clients. We manage a family of well-known, widely accepted payment card brands, including MasterCard®, MasterCard Electronic™, Maestro® and Cirrus®, which we license to our customers. As part of managing these brands, we also establish and enforce rules and standards surrounding the use of our payment card network. We generate revenues from the fees that we charge our customers for providing transaction processing and other payment-related services and by assessing our customers based primarily on the dollar volume of activity on the cards that carry our brands. Cardholder and merchant relationships are managed principally by our customers. Accordingly, we do not issue cards, extend credit to cardholders, determine the interest rates (if applicable) or other fees charged to cardholders by issuers, or establish the merchant discount charged by acquirers in connection with the acceptance of cards that carry our brands.

Our net income was $452 million, or $3.45 per diluted share, and $1,169 million, or $8.92 per diluted share, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus net losses of $194 million, or $1.48 per diluted share, and $493 million, or $3.76 per diluted share, for the comparable periods in 2008. As of September 30, 2009, our liquidity and capital positions remained strong, with $2.9 billion in cash and cash equivalents and current available-for-sale securities and $3.2 billion in equity. In addition, during the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we generated cash flows from operations of $1.1 billion.

Our net revenues increased 2.0% and 0.9% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008, primarily due to increased pricing and transactions, partially offset by unfavorable foreign currency exchange impacts and declines in dollar volume of activity of cards carrying our brands. The U.S. dollar strengthened versus the euro and Brazilian real, which decreased revenue by 1.9 and 3.5 percentage points for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, compared to the respective prior periods.

Our operating expenses decreased 57.3% and 57.8% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008. Favorable foreign currency exchange impacts of the euro and the Brazilian real against the dollar contributed slightly to the decrease in operating expenses in each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009. Excluding the impact of special items specifically identified in the reconciliation table included in “-Operating Expenses”, operating expenses declined 13.3% and 12.5% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008. Favorable foreign currency exchange impacts of the euro and the Brazilian real against the U.S. dollar contributed 1.3 and 2.5 percentage points to the decrease in operating expenses, excluding special items, in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.

In response to the current global economic outlook, we have been realigning our resources and implementing contingency plans. These actions resulted in an overall decrease to operating expenses in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009. General and administrative expenses declined 7.9% and 4.7% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, which included declines in travel, professional fees and telecommunications. These decreases were partially offset by increased personnel expenses as a result of severance costs incurred related to the realigning of our resources. Advertising and marketing expenses declined 29.4% and 33.5% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.

Our ratios of operating income (loss) as a percentage of net revenues, or operating margins, were 49.4% and 47.2% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 versus (20.9)% and (26.5)% in the comparable periods, respectively, in 2008. Excluding the impact of special items, our operating margins as a percentage of total revenues were 49.8% and 47.3% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, versus 41.0% and 39.3%, respectively, in the comparable periods in 2008.

We believe the trend within the global payments industry from paper-based forms of payment (cash and checks) toward electronic forms of payment (card payment transactions) creates significant opportunities for the growth of our business over the longer term. Historically, we experienced greater growth in net revenues than the revenue growth in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009. Lower revenue growth rates in the three and nine

 

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months ended September 30, 2009 reflect the impact of the present global economic environment, which is negatively affecting our customers and their cardholders. See “-Business Environment” for a discussion of environmental considerations related to our long-term strategic objectives.

Business Environment

We process transactions from approximately 210 countries and territories and in more than 160 currencies. The United States is our largest geographic market based on revenues. Revenue generated in the United States was approximately 46.5% and 47.9% of total revenues in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus 44.7% and 47.3%, respectively, in the comparable periods in 2008. No individual country, other than the United States, generated more than 10% of total revenues in the three or nine months ended September 30, 2009 or 2008, but differences in market maturity, economic health, price changes and foreign exchange fluctuations in certain countries have increased the proportion of revenues generated outside the United States over time. While the global nature of our business helps protect our operating results from adverse economic conditions in a single or a few countries, the significant concentration of our revenues generated in the United States makes our business particularly susceptible to adverse economic conditions in the United States.

The competitive and evolving nature of the global payments industry provides both challenges to and opportunities for the continued growth of our business. Unprecedented events evidenced in 2008 continued to impact the financial markets around the world in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, with continued distress in the credit environment, continued equity market volatility and additional government intervention. In particular, the economies of the United States and the United Kingdom have continued to be significantly impacted by this economic turmoil and it has also continued or begun to impact other economies around the world. Some existing customers have been placed in receivership or administration or have a significant amount of their stock owned by the government. Many financial institutions are facing increased regulatory and governmental influence, including potential changes in laws and regulations. Many of our financial institution customers, merchants that accept our brands and cardholders who use our brands have been directly and adversely impacted.

MasterCard’s financial results may be negatively impacted by actions taken by individual financial institutions or by governmental or regulatory bodies in response to the economic crisis. The severity of the economic environment may accelerate the timing of or increase the impact of risks to our financial performance that have historically been present. As a result, our revenue growth has been or may be negatively impacted, or the Company may be impacted, in several ways, including but not limited to the following:

 

   

Declining economies and foreign currency fluctuations can change consumer spending behaviors; for example, a significant portion of our revenues is dependent on cross-border travel patterns, which may continue to change.

 

   

Constriction of consumer and business confidence such as in recessionary environments and those markets experiencing rising unemployment may continue to cause decreased spending by cardholders.

 

   

Our customers may restrict credit lines to cardholders or limit the issuance of new cards to mitigate increasing cardholder defaults.

 

   

Mergers of our customers may lead to lower pricing, due to the tiered pricing structure of most of our customer agreements, (which typically offer lower pricing as higher business volumes are achieved), or loss of business.

 

   

Consolidation of our customers can increase their bargaining power during new and renewal contract negotiations.

 

   

Uncertainty and volatility in the performance of our customers’ businesses may make estimates of our revenues, rebates, incentives and realization of prepaid assets less predictable.

 

   

Our customers may implement cost reduction initiatives that reduce or eliminate payment card marketing or increase requests for greater incentives or greater cost stability.

 

   

Our customers may decrease spending for optional or enhanced services.

 

   

Government intervention and/or investments in our customers may have unanticipated effects on our business with those banking institutions or otherwise alter their strategic direction away from our products.

 

   

Tightening of credit availability could impact the ability of participating financial institutions to lend to us under the terms of our credit facility.

 

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Pace of economic recovery around the world.

 

   

Our customers may default on their settlement obligations. See Note 19 (Settlement and Travelers Cheque Risk Management) to the consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 for further discussion of our settlement exposure.

The global payments industry depends heavily upon the overall level of consumer, business and government spending. Changes in cardholder spending behavior, influenced by numerous factors including those described above, have impacted and may continue to impact our ability to grow our revenues. Our revenues are primarily based on volumes and transactions. The Company’s volumes are impacted by the number of transactions and the dollar amount of each transaction. We have observed recent trends in which the numbers of purchase transactions are generally increasing in relation to the comparable prior periods; however, the average amount per transaction is declining due to lower overall cardholder spending. Both of these factors have contributed to a net decrease in volume-based revenues (domestic assessments and cross-border volume fees) during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the comparable periods in 2008. However, transaction-based revenues (transaction processing fees) increased.

In addition, our business is subject to regulation in many countries. Regulatory bodies may seek to impose rules and price controls on certain aspects of our business and the payments industry. For example, see Note 18 (Legal and Regulatory Proceedings) to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 and an update to the risk factors in Item 1A – Risk Factors of the Company’s Quarterly Report on the Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009 for a discussion of global interchange proceedings.

Our strategy is to continue to grow by further penetrating our existing customer base and by expanding our role in targeted geographies and higher-growth segments of the global payments industry (such as premium/affluent and contactless cards, commercial payments, debit, prepaid and issuer processor and terminal driving services), enhancing our merchant relationships, expanding points of acceptance for our brands, seeking to maintain unsurpassed acceptance and continuing to invest in our brands. We will continue to pursue incremental payment processing opportunities throughout the world. We are committed to providing our customers with coordinated services through integrated, dedicated account teams in a manner that allows us to capitalize on our expertise in payment programs, marketing, product development, technology, processing and consulting and information services for these customers. We intend to continue to invest in long-term customer relationships to increase volumes and transactions over time.

 

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Financial Results

As part of a review of its presentation of certain of its financial information, during the nine months ended September 30, 2009, the Company: (1) modified its presentation of details of the Company’s major revenue categories included within the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (the “MD&A”) section of filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and (2) reclassified certain cardholder-related enhancement expenses. In each case, the Company’s intent was to better align such information with the way in which management views the underlying drivers of the business and analyzes the Company’s results of operations. The modifications to the presentation within the MD&A of the detail of the Company’s revenue categories did not result in any changes to the Company’s historical financial statements and had no effect on the overall calculation of net revenue presented in the financial statements. The reclassification of certain cardholder-related enhancement expenses did not result in any impact to the Company’s overall operating expenses. See “-Operating Expenses” for more information.

Our operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, are as follows:

 

     For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
    For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2009     2008     2009 vs. 2008     2009     2008     2009 vs. 2008  
     (In millions, except per share, percentages and GDV amounts *)  

Revenues, net

   $ 1,364      $ 1,338      2.0   $ 3,800      $ 3,767      0.9

General and administrative

     474        515      (7.9 )%      1,428        1,498      (4.7 )% 

Advertising and marketing

     174        246      (29.4 )%      470        707      (33.5 )% 

Litigation settlements

     6        828      (99.2 )%      7        2,477      (99.7 )% 

Depreciation and amortization

     36        29      26.1     103        82      25.6
                                    

Total operating expenses

     691        1,617      (57.3 )%      2,008        4,764      (57.8 )% 
                                    

Operating income (loss)

     674        (279   341.2     1,792        (997   279.8

Total other income (expense)

     —          (14   (99.2 )%      (32     169      (119.1 )% 
                                    

Income (loss) before income taxes

     673        (294   329.3     1,760        (828   312.5

Income tax expense (benefit)

     221        (100   321.1     591        (335   276.6
                                    

Net income (loss)

     452        (194   333.6     1,168        (493   336.8

Loss attributable to non-controlling interests

     —          —        *     —          —        *
                                    

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to MasterCard

   $ 452      $ (194   333.6   $ 1,169      $ (493   336.9
                                    

Basic Earnings (Loss) per Share1

   $ 3.46      $ (1.48   333.8   $ 8.95      $ (3.76   338.0

Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding

     130        130      0.3     130        130      (0.4 )% 

Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Share1

   $ 3.45      $ (1.48   333.1   $ 8.92      $ (3.76   337.2

Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding

     130        130      0.6     130        130      (0.1 )% 

Effective income tax rate

     32.9     34.1   *     33.6     40.4   *

Gross dollar volume (“GDV”) on a U.S. dollar converted basis (in billions)

   $ 633      $ 664      (4.7 )%    $ 1,778      $ 1,930      (7.9 )% 

Processed transactions2

     5,788        5,377      7.6     16,546        15,457      7.0

 

* Note that figures in the table may not sum due to rounding.
** Not meaningful.
1

As more fully described in Note 2 (Earnings Per Share) to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 1, the 2008 amounts have been revised in accordance with the adoption on January 1, 2009 of a new earnings per share accounting standard related to instruments granted in share-based payment transactions on January 1, 2009.

2

The data set forth for processed transactions represents transactions processed by MasterCard, including PIN-based online debit transactions. In 2009, we updated our processed transactions numbers to exclude a small number of certain transactions that we process, but which are initiated with cards that do not bear any of our brands. All prior period data has been revised to be consistent with this revised methodology. Revenue was not impacted by these changes.

 

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Impact of Foreign Currency Rates

Our overall operating results are impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates, especially the strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar versus the euro and Brazilian real. The functional currency of MasterCard Europe, our principal European operating subsidiary, is the euro, and the functional currency of our Brazilian subsidiary is the Brazilian real. Accordingly, the strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar versus the euro and Brazilian real impacts the translation of our European and Brazilian subsidiaries’ operating results into the U.S. dollar. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, the U.S. dollar strengthened against the euro and Brazilian real, as compared to the prior comparable periods in 2008, resulting in lower revenues and expenses.

In addition, changes in foreign currency exchange rates directly impact the calculation of gross dollar volume (“GDV”) and gross euro volume (“GEV”), which are used in the calculation of our domestic assessments, cross-border volume fees and volume related rebates and incentives. In most non-European regions, GDV is calculated based on local currency spending volume converted to U.S. dollars using average exchange rates for the period. In Europe, GEV is calculated based on local currency spending volume converted to euros using average exchange rates for the period. As a result, our domestic assessments, cross-border volume fees and volume related rebates and incentives are impacted by the strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar versus most non-European local currencies and the strengthening or weakening of the euro versus European local currencies. The strengthening of the U.S. dollar is evident when GDV on a U.S. dollar-converted basis is compared to GDV on a local currency basis. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, GDV declined 4.7% and 7.9%, respectively, when measured on a U.S. dollar converted basis and increased 0.3% and declined 0.1% during the three and nine month periods, respectively, when measured on a local currency basis, versus the comparable periods in 2008.

Revenues

Revenue Descriptions

MasterCard’s business model involves four participants in addition to us: cardholders, merchants, issuers (the cardholders’ banks) and acquirers (the merchants’ banks). Our gross revenues are typically based on the volume of activity on cards that carry our brands, the number of transactions we process for our customers or the nature of other payment-related services we provide to our customers. Our revenues are based upon transactional information accumulated by our systems or reported by our customers. Our primary revenue billing currencies are the U.S. dollar, euro and Brazilian real.

We process transactions denominated in more than 160 currencies through our global system, providing cardholders with the ability to utilize, and merchants to accept, MasterCard cards across multiple country borders. We process most of the cross-border transactions using MasterCard, Maestro and Cirrus-branded cards and process the majority of MasterCard-branded domestic transactions in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Brazil and Australia.

Our pricing is complex and is dependent on the nature of the volumes, types of transactions and other products and services we offer to our customers. A combination of the following factors determines the pricing:

 

   

Domestic or cross-border

 

   

Signature-based (credit and offline debit) or PIN-based (on-line debit, including automated teller machine (“ATM”) cash withdrawals and retail purchases)

 

   

Tiered pricing, with rates decreasing as customers meet incremental volume/transaction hurdles

 

   

Geographic region or country

 

   

Retail purchase or cash withdrawal

Cross-border transactions generate greater revenue than do domestic transactions since cross-border fees are higher than domestic fees. We review our pricing and implement pricing changes on an ongoing basis and expect pricing to continue to be a component of revenue growth in the future. In addition, standard pricing varies among our regional businesses, and such pricing can be customized further for our customers through incentive and rebate agreements.

 

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The Company classifies its net revenues into the following five categories:

 

  1. Domestic assessments: Domestic assessments are fees charged to issuers and acquirers based on the volume of activity on MasterCard and Maestro-branded cards where the merchant country and the cardholder country are the same. A portion of these assessments is estimated based on aggregate transaction information collected from our systems and projected customer performance and are calculated by converting the aggregate volume of usage (purchases, cash disbursements, balance transfers and convenience checks) from local currency to the billing currency and then multiplying by the specific price. In addition, domestic assessments include card assessments, which are fees charged on the number of cards issued or assessments for specific purposes, such as acceptance development or market development programs. Acceptance development fees are charged primarily to U.S. issuers based on components of volume, and support our focus on developing merchant relationships and promoting acceptance at the point of sale.

 

  2. Cross-border volume fees: Cross-border volume fees are charged to issuers and acquirers based on the volume of activity on MasterCard and Maestro-branded cards where the merchant country and cardholder country are different. Cross-border volume fees are calculated by converting the aggregate volume of usage (purchases and cash disbursements) from local currency to the billing currency and then multiplying by the specific price. Cross-border volume fees also include fees, charged to issuers, for performing currency conversion services. In addition, there is a fee charged only to U.S. acquirers, for accepting transactions from cardholders with non-U.S. issuers.

 

  3. Transaction processing fees: Transaction processing fees are charged for both domestic and cross-border transactions and are primarily based on the number of transactions. These fees are calculated by multiplying the number and type of transactions by the specific price for each service. Transaction processing fees include charges for the following:

 

   

Authorization refers to a process in which a merchant requests approval for a cardholder’s transaction. The Company charges a fee for routing the authorization for approval to and from the issuer or, in certain circumstances, such as when the issuer’s systems are unavailable, for approval by MasterCard or others on behalf of the issuer in accordance with the issuer’s instructions. MasterCard’s rules, which vary across regions, establish the circumstances under which merchants and acquirers must seek authorization of transactions. These fees are primarily paid by issuers.

 

   

Clearing and settlement refers to the process in which the Company determines the amount due between issuers and acquirers for payment transactions and associated fees. First, the transaction is cleared by transferring the financial transaction details among issuers, acquirers or their designated third-party processors. Then the Company settles or exchanges the related funds among the issuers and acquirers. The Company charges a fee for these clearing and settlement services. These fees are primarily paid by issuers.

 

   

Switch fees are charges primarily for the transmission of debit single-message (typically requiring a personal identification number, or PIN, for verification) financial information between acquirers and issuers. These fees are primarily paid by issuers.

 

   

Connectivity fees are charged to issuers and acquirers for network access, equipment and the transmission of authorization and settlement messages. These fees are based on the size of the data being transmitted through and the number of connections to the Company’s network.

 

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  4. Other revenues: Other revenues for other payment-related services are primarily dependent on the nature of the products or services provided to our customers but are also impacted by other factors, such as contractual agreements. Examples of other revenues are fees associated with the following:

 

   

Fraud products and services used to prevent or detect fraudulent transactions. This includes warning bulletin fees which are charged to issuers and acquirers for listing invalid or fraudulent accounts either electronically or in paper form and for distributing this listing to merchants.

 

   

Consulting and research fees are primarily generated by MasterCard Advisors, the Company’s professional advisory services group. The Company’s business agreements with certain customers and merchants may include consulting services as an incentive. The contra-revenue associated with these incentives is included in rebates and incentives.

 

   

Cardholder services fees are for benefits provided with MasterCard-branded cards, such as insurance, telecommunications assistance for lost cards and locating automated teller machines.

 

   

The Company also charges for a variety of other payment-related services, including account and transaction enhancement services, compliance and penalty fees, holograms and publications.

 

  5. Rebates and incentives (contra-revenue): Rebates and incentives are provided to certain MasterCard financial institution customers and merchants. These payments are based on contractual arrangements which may include performance hurdles for volumes, transactions, issuance of new cards, launch of new programs or the execution of marketing programs. Rebates and incentives are calculated based on estimated performance and the terms of the related business agreements. Rebates and incentives are recorded as a reduction of gross revenues in the same period that performance occurs.

Revenue Analysis

Gross revenues increased $26 million and $33 million, or 1.5% and 0.7%, in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008, primarily due to increased pricing and transactions, partially offset by unfavorable foreign currency exchange impacts and declines in dollar volume of activity on cards carrying our brands. Rebates and incentives as a percentage of gross revenues were 21.0% and 21.6% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus 21.3% and 21.7% for the comparable periods in 2008. Our net revenues increased 2.0% and 0.9% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008.

Pricing changes increased net revenues by approximately 6 percentage points in each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, primarily due to price changes implemented in April 2009 and October 2008. Approximately one-third of the impact from pricing in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 was associated with certain October 2008 price changes which were repealed at the end of June 2009 as part of our interim arrangement with the European Commission. See Note 18 (Legal and Regulatory Proceedings) to the consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 for more information.

 

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The significant components of our revenues were as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30:

 

     For the Three Months
Ended September 30,
    Dollar
Increase
(Decrease)
    Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
    For the Nine Months
Ended September 30,
    Dollar
Increase
(Decrease)
    Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2009     2008     2009 vs.
2008
    2009 vs.
2008
    2009     2008     2009 vs.
2008
    2009 vs.
2008
 
     (In millions, except percentages)  

Domestic assessments

   $ 603      $ 611      $ (8   (1.3 )%    $ 1,742      $ 1,775      $ (33   (1.9 )% 

Cross-border volume fees

     386        427        (41   (9.6 )%      1,055        1,173        (118   (10.1 )% 

Transaction processing fees

     546        469        77      16.4     1,485        1,315        170      12.9

Other revenues

     192        194        (2   (1.0 )%      562        548        14      2.6
                                                    

Gross revenues

     1,727        1,701        26      1.5     4,844        4,811        33      0.7

Rebates and incentives (contra-revenues)

     (363     (363     —        —       (1,044     (1,044     —        —  
                                                    

Net revenues

   $ 1,364      $ 1,338      $ 26      2.0   $ 3,800      $ 3,767      $ 33      0.9
                                                    

 

* Note that figures in the above table may not sum due to rounding.

Domestic assessments – The decrease in domestic assessments of 1.3% and 1.9% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008 was due to:

 

   

GDV increased 0.3% and decreased 0.1% during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, when measured in local currency terms, and declined 4.7% and 7.9%, respectively, when measured on a U.S. dollar-converted basis, versus the comparable periods in 2008.

 

   

The impact of foreign currency relating to the translation of domestic assessments from our functional currencies to U.S. dollars contributed approximately 2 to 3 percentage points to the decrease in each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009.

The decrease in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 was partially offset by pricing changes implemented in April 2009 and October 2008. These price changes favorably impacted domestic assessments approximately 4 to 5 percentage points in each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009. Less than half of the pricing impact in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 was associated with certain October 2008 pricing changes which were repealed at the end of June 2009 as part of our interim arrangement with the European Commission. See Note 18 (Legal and Regulatory Proceedings) to the consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 for more information.

Cross-border volume fees – The decrease in cross-border volume fees of 9.6% and 10.1% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008 was due to:

 

   

Cross-border volumes declined 0.3% and 1.0% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, when measured in local currency terms, and 6.4% and 11.1%, respectively, when measured on a U.S. dollar-converted basis, versus the comparable periods in 2008.

 

   

The impact of foreign currency relating to the translation of cross-border volume fees from our functional currencies to U.S. dollars contributed approximately 2 to 3 percentage points to the decrease in each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009.

The decrease in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 was partially offset by approximately 4 percentage points relating to pricing changes on acquiring cross-border volumes during 2008 and 2009. A substantial portion of these changes in pricing were implemented in October 2008 and repealed at the end of June 2009 as part of our interim arrangement with the European Commission. See Note 18 (Legal and Regulatory Proceedings) to the consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 for more information.

 

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Transaction processing fees – The increase in transaction processing fees of 16.4% and 12.9% during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008 was due to:

 

   

Pricing changes implemented in April 2009 which represented approximately 11 and 7 percentage points of the increase in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.

 

   

Processed transactions increased 7.6% and 7.0% during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.

These increases were partially offset by the impact of foreign currency relating to the translation of transaction processing fees from our functional currencies to U.S. dollars by approximately 2 and 4 percentage points in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.

Other revenues – The decrease of 1.0% and increase of 2.6% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008, was due to:

 

   

Higher compliance and penalty fees in the nine months ended September 30, 2009. There were also incremental customer requests for other payment-related services during the three months ended September 30, 2009.

 

   

The impact of foreign currency relating to the translation of other revenues from our functional currencies to U.S. dollars decreased other revenues by approximately 2 and 3 percentage points in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.

 

   

Lower consulting and research fees during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009.

Rebates and incentives – Rebates and incentives remained flat during the three month and nine months ended September 30, 2009 versus the comparable periods in 2008. However, the amount of rebates and incentives was impacted by the following:

 

   

The impact of foreign currency relating to the translation of rebates and incentives from our functional currencies to U.S. dollars decreased rebates and incentives by approximately 1 and 2 percentage points in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.

 

   

A decline in customer and merchant performance in accordance with existing contractual agreements decreased rebates and incentives. In addition, the nine months ended September 30, 2008 included a reduction of a customer performance estimate which reduced contra-revenue.

These decreases were offset by higher rebates and incentives for certain new and renewed agreements. We expect our rebates and incentives to be significantly higher in the fourth quarter of 2009 compared to the prior year, due to new and renewed customer agreements, as well as rebates related to certain pricing initiatives. We intend to continue to enter into and maintain business agreements with certain customers and merchants that provide GDV and other performance-based support incentives.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses are comprised of general and administrative, advertising and marketing, litigation settlements and depreciation and amortization expenses. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, the Company reclassified certain cardholder-related enhancement expenses, which were previously classified as advertising and marketing expenses, to general and administrative expenses. These cardholder benefit programs, such as insurance and card replacements, were previously deemed promotional features of the cards and over time have become standard product offerings in certain card categories. Approximately $21 million and $63 million of these expenses have been reclassified in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, to conform to the 2009 presentation.

In the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2009, there were decreases in operating expenses of approximately $0.9 billion and $2.8 billion, respectively, versus the comparable period in 2008. These decreases are primarily due to the settlements of lawsuits in 2008. In addition, our cost containment initiatives resulted in an

 

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overall decrease to operating expenses in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009. The following table compares and reconciles operating expenses, excluding litigation settlements (“Special Items”), which is a non-GAAP financial measure to the operating expenses including litigation settlements, which is the most directly comparable GAAP measurement. Management believes this analysis may be helpful in evaluating ongoing operating expenses and allows for a more meaningful comparison between periods.

 

    Three Months Ended September 30, 2009     Three Months Ended September 30, 2008     Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
Actual
    Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
Non-GAAP
 
    Actual     Special Items   Non-
GAAP
    Actual     Special Items   Non-
GAAP
    2009 vs.
2008
    2009 vs.
2008
 
    (In millions, except percentages)  

General and administrative

  $ 474      $ —     $ 474      $ 515      $ —     $ 515      (7.9 )%    (7.9 )% 

Advertising and marketing

    174        —       174        246        —       246      (29.4 )%    (29.4 )% 

Litigation settlements

    6        6     —          828        828     —        (99.2 )%    —     

Depreciation and amortization

    36        —       36        29        —       29      26.1   26.1
                                               

Total operating expenses

  $ 691      $ 6   $ 685      $ 1,617      $ 828   $ 790      (57.3 )%    (13.3 )% 
                                               

Total operating expenses as a percentage of total net revenues

    50.6       50.2     120.9       59.0    
    Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009     Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008     Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
Actual
    Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
Non-GAAP
 
    Actual     Special Items   Non-
GAAP
    Actual     Special Items   Non-
GAAP
    2009 vs.
2008
    2009 vs.
2008
 
    (In millions, except percentages)  

General and administrative

  $ 1,428      $ —     $ 1,428      $ 1,498      $ —     $ 1,498      (4.7 )%    (4.7 )% 

Advertising and marketing

    470        —       470        707        —       707      (33.5 )%    (33.5 )% 

Litigation settlements

    7        7     —          2,477        2,477     —        (99.7 )%    —     

Depreciation and amortization

    103        —       103        82        —       82      25.6   25.6
                                               

Total operating expenses

  $ 2,008      $ 7   $ 2,001      $ 4,764      $ 2,477   $ 2,287      (57.8 )%    (12.5 )% 
                                               

Total operating expenses as a percentage of total net revenues

    52.8       52.7     126.5       60.7    

 

* Note that figures in the above tables may not sum due to rounding.

General and Administrative

The major components of general and administrative expenses are as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   Dollar
Increase
(Decrease)
    Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   Dollar
Increase
(Decrease)
    Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2009    2008    2009 vs.
2008
    2009 vs.
2008
    2009    2008    2009 vs.
2008
    2009 vs.
2008
 
     (In millions, except percentages)  

Personnel

   $ 340    $ 324    $ 16      4.9   $ 1,015    $ 968    $ 47      4.9

Professional fees

     37      59      (22   (37.3 )%      106      167      (61   (36.5 )% 

Telecommunications

     17      19      (2   (10.5 )%      52      59      (7   (11.9 )% 

Data processing

     22      21      1      4.8     63      56      7      12.5

Travel and entertainment

     10      20      (10   (50.0 )%      30      74      (44   (59.5 )% 

Other

     47      72      (25   (34.7 )%      162      174      (12   (6.9 )% 
                                                

General and administrative expenses

   $ 474    $ 515    $ (41   (7.9 )%    $ 1,428    $ 1,498    $ (70   (4.7 )% 
                                                

 

* Note that figures in the above table may not sum due to rounding.

 

   

Personnel expense increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 versus the comparable periods in 2008. Personnel expense includes $31 million and $101 million for severance in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively compared to $1 million and $14 million, respectively, in the comparable 2008 periods. The increased severance costs are the result of cost containment initiatives and were partially offset by lower bonus accruals, lower contractor costs and reduced payroll costs due to reduced staffing levels.

 

   

Professional fees consist primarily of legal costs to defend our outstanding litigation and third-party consulting services related to strategic initiatives. Professional fees decreased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 versus the comparable periods in 2008, primarily due to decreased usage of third-party consulting services and lower legal fees associated with the settlement of two significant legal cases during 2008.

 

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Travel and entertainment expenses are incurred primarily for travel to customer and regional meetings. Travel and entertainment expense decreased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 versus the comparable periods in 2008, primarily due to cost containment initiatives.

 

   

Other includes rental expense for our facilities; costs associated with offering cardholder benefits, such as insurance and travel assistance, for certain programs; foreign exchange gains and losses, charges for impairment of assets and other miscellaneous administrative expenses. The decrease in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 versus the comparable period in 2008 was primarily driven by a benefit from foreign exchange remeasurement.

Advertising and Marketing

Our brands, principally MasterCard, are valuable strategic assets that drive card acceptance and usage and facilitate our ability to successfully introduce new service offerings and access new markets globally. Our advertising and marketing strategy is to increase global MasterCard brand awareness, preference and usage through a mix of integrated advertising, sponsorship, promotions, interactive media and public relations programs on a global scale. We will also continue to invest in marketing programs at the regional and local levels and sponsor diverse events aimed at multiple target audiences.

Advertising and marketing expenses decreased $72 million and $237 million, or 29.4% and 33.5%, in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008, primarily due to cost containment initiatives and delays in executing marketing investments during the third quarter of 2009. We expect to increase our marketing activities during the remainder of 2009. In addition, advertising and marketing expenses declined due to a favorable foreign currency impact of approximately 2 to 3 percentage points in each of the periods.

Litigation Settlements

Litigation settlement expenses decreased $0.8 billion and $2.5 billion in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008. These decreases are primarily due to the settlements of lawsuits in 2008. In the three months ended September 30, 2008, the Company settled U.S. federal antitrust litigation with Discover Financial Services (the “Discover Settlement”). In the three months ended June 30, 2008, the Company settled U.S. federal antitrust litigation with American Express Company (the “American Express Settlement”).

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expenses increased $7 million and $21 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, versus the comparable periods in 2008, primarily due to increased investments in data center equipment, capitalized software, leasehold and building improvements, along with the depreciation on the Company’s global technology and operations center. We expect that depreciation and amortization will continue to increase as we continue to invest in property, plant and equipment and capitalized software.

 

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Other Income (Expense)

Other income (expense) is comprised primarily of investment income, interest expense and other gains and losses.

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Dollar
Increase
(Decrease)
    Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    Dollar
Increase
(Decrease)
    Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2009     2008     2009 vs.
2008
    2009 vs.
2008
    2009     2008     2009 vs.
2008
    2009 vs.
2008
 
     (In millions, except percentages)  

Investment income

   $ 11      $ 23      $ (12   (52.9 )%    $ 42        163        (121   (74.4 )% 

Interest expense

     (24     (36     12      (33.6 )%      (92     (67     (25   36.7

Other income (expense)

     13        (1     14      (1,963.5 )%      18        73        (55   (75.6 )% 
                                                    

Total other income (expense)

   $ —        $ (14   $ 14      (99.2 )%    $ (32   $ 169      $ (201   (119.1 )% 
                                                    

 

* Note that figures in the above table may not sum due to rounding.

 

   

Investment income decreased $12 million and $121 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively. The decrease for the three months ended September 30, 2009 was primarily due to lower interest income as a result of lower interest rates. The decrease in investment income for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 was primarily due to $86 million in gains recognized on the sale of our remaining shares of common stock in RedeCard S.A. in the first quarter of 2008 and a decrease of $47 million in interest income due to lower interest rates in the nine months ended September 30, 2009.

 

   

Interest expense decreased $12 million in the three months ended September 30, 2009 primarily due to a decrease in interest accretion on the litigation settlements as the amounts due are paid. Interest expense increased $25 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 as a result of an increase in interest accretion associated with the American Express Settlement obligation.

 

   

Other income (expense) increased $14 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009 as compared to the similar period in 2008. This increase was primarily due to a gain from the prepayment of the Company’s remaining $400 million in merchant litigation settlement obligations at a discounted amount of $335 million on September 30, 2009. Other income (expense) decreased $55 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 as compared to the similar period in 2008. This decrease was due to a $75 million gain related to the termination of a customer business agreement recognized in the first quarter of 2008, which was partially offset by the $14 million gain from the prepayment of a litigation settlement obligation.

Income Taxes

The effective income tax rates were 32.9% and 34.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively, and 33.6% and 40.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The difference in the effective tax rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 is due primarily to the effect of the charges associated with the Discover Settlement and the American Express Settlement recorded in the nine month period ended September 30, 2008, which resulted in a more favorable mix of pre-tax income (loss) for the period, as well as a reduction in the balance of reserves for uncertain tax positions due to changes in judgment related to prior year tax positions and the effective settlement of examinations with the IRS, recorded in the nine month period ended September 30, 2009. The difference in the effective tax rates for the three month periods ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 is due primarily to the effect of the charges related to the Discover Settlement recorded in the three month period ended September 30, 2008, which resulted in a more favorable mix of pre-tax income (loss) for the period, as well as a reduction in the balance of reserves for uncertain tax positions due to changes in judgment related to prior year tax positions and from the effective settlement of examinations with the IRS, recorded in the three month period ended September 30, 2009.

During the three months ended September 30, 2009, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken during the current and prior periods decreased by $32 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken during the current and prior periods decreased by $14 million. The decrease in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 is primarily due to changes in judgment related to prior year tax positions,

 

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as well as from the effective settlement of examinations with the IRS. As of September 30, 2009, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits related to positions taken during the current and prior periods was $149 million, all of which would reduce the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We need liquidity and access to capital to fund our global operations; to provide for credit and settlement risk; to finance capital expenditures and any future acquisitions; and to service our obligations related to litigation settlements. At September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had $2.9 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents and current available-for-sale securities to use for our operations. Our stockholders’ equity was $3.2 billion and $1.9 billion as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. We believe that the cash generated from operations, our borrowing capacity and our access to capital resources are sufficient to meet our future operating capital needs and litigation settlement obligations. Our liquidity and access to capital could be negatively impacted by the adverse outcome of any of the legal or regulatory proceedings to which we are still a party. See Item 1A in Part 1 in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 and an update to the risk factors in Item 1A of the Company’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009 for additional discussion of these and other risks facing our business. See also Notes 16 (Obligations Under Litigation Settlements) and 18 (Legal and Regulatory Proceedings) to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 and “-Business Environment” for more information.

 

     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
     2009     2008  
     (in millions)  

Cash Flow Data:

    

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 1,094      $ 931   

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

   $ (140   $ 232   

Net cash used in financing activities

   $ (175   $ (731
     September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 
     (in millions)  

Balance Sheet Data:

    

Current assets

   $ 4,753      $ 4,312   

Current liabilities

   $ 2,791      $ 2,990   

Long-term liabilities

   $ 923      $ 1,553   

Equity

   $ 3,225      $ 1,932   

Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 was $1.1 billion versus $0.9 billion for the comparable period in 2008. Cash from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 was primarily due to operating income and the collection of accounts receivable and income taxes receivable, partially offset by payments for litigation settlements of $785 million. Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was primarily due to net revenues exceeding general and administrative and advertising and marketing expenses, partially offset by higher tax payments and payments to customers under business agreements. MasterCard has entered into litigation settlement agreements which require future payments. As shown in - Future Obligations, the future amounts due total $1.1 billion.

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 primarily related to expenditures for our global network and investments in affiliates. Cash provided by investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 primarily related to net sales of available-for-sale securities and expenditures for our global network.

Cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 primarily related to the payment of $149 million of debt (see Note 12 (Consolidation of Variable Interest Entity) to the consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 for additional discussion) and approximately $59 million in dividends to our stockholders. Cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 related primarily to the repurchase of approximately 2.8 million shares of our Class A common stock through a share repurchase plan, the repayment of $80 million related to the Company’s ten-year, unsecured, subordinated notes that matured in June 2008 and the payment of approximately $60 million in dividends to our stockholders.

 

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As of December 31, 2008, the Company held $192 million of auction rate securities (“ARS”) classified as long-term available-for-sale securities. The securities are collateralized by student loans with guarantees, ranging from approximately 95% to 98% of principal and interest, by the U.S. government via the Department of Education. The Company determined that the fair value of the ARS does not approximate par value, assigned a 20% discount to the par value of the ARS portfolio as of December 31, 2008. The Company recorded a temporary impairment within other comprehensive income during 2008. As of September 30, 2009, the Company held $196 million of ARS classified as long-term available-for-sale securities, with maturity ranges from 8 to 32 years. At September 30, 2009, the Company estimated a 15% discount to the par value of the ARS portfolio and recorded a $12 million increase in fair value within other comprehensive income in the three month and nine month periods ended September 30, 2009. There were calls for these ARS in the three months ended September 30, 2009. The Company believes it is more likely than not that it will hold the ARS until recovery of fair value, which may be maturity or earlier if called or if liquidity is restored in the market. See Note 5 (Investment Securities) to the consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 for more information.

On September 21, 2009, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.15 per share payable on November 10, 2009 to holders of record on October 9, 2009 of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock. The aggregate amount of this dividend is $20 million. The declaration and payment of future dividends will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors after taking into account various factors, including our financial condition, settlement guarantees, operating results, available cash and anticipated cash needs.

On September 9, 2009, Moody’s Investors Service assigned issuer credit ratings of A3 long-term and P-2 short-term with a stable outlook for MasterCard Incorporated. On October 13, 2009, Standard & Poor’s assigned counterparty credit ratings of BBB+ long-term and A-2 short-term with a stable outlook for MasterCard Incorporated and affirmed the counterparty credit ratings of BBB+ long-term and A-2 short-term with a stable outlook for MasterCard International. At MasterCard’s request, Standard & Poor’s has subsequently withdrawn ratings on MasterCard International. Our access to capital and liquidity has been sufficient with these ratings. Securities ratings are not recommendations to buy, sell, or hold securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time.

 

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Future Obligations

The following table summarizes our obligations as of September 30, 2009 that are expected to impact liquidity and cash flow in future periods. We believe we will be able to fund these obligations through cash generated from operations and our cash balances.

 

     Payments Due by Period
     Total    Remaining
2009
   2010-2011    2012-2013    2014 and
thereafter
     (In millions)

Capital leases1

   $ 51    $ 2    $ 9    $ 40    $ —  

Operating leases2

     105      8      41      24      31

Sponsorship, licensing and other3,4

     526      142      289      92      3

Litigation settlements5

     1,064      164      900      —        —  

Debt6

     21      —        21      —        —  
                                  

Total

   $ 1,767    $ 316    $ 1,260    $ 156    $ 34
                                  

 

* Note that totals in above table may not sum due to rounding.
1

Mostly related to certain property, plant and equipment. Capital lease for global technology and operations center located in O’Fallon, Missouri has been excluded from this table; see Note 8 (Property, Plant and Equipment) to the consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for further discussion. There is a capital lease for the Kansas City, Missouri co-processing data center.

2

We enter into operating leases in the normal course of business. Substantially all lease agreements have fixed payment terms based on the passage of time. Some lease agreements provide us with the option to renew the lease or purchase the leased property. Our future operating lease obligations would change if we exercised these renewal options and if we entered into additional lease agreements.

3

Amounts primarily relate to sponsorships with certain organizations to promote the MasterCard brand. The amounts included are fixed and non-cancelable. In addition, these amounts include amounts due in accordance with merchant agreements for future marketing, computer hardware maintenance, software licenses and other service agreements. Future cash payments that will become due to our customers under agreements which provide pricing rebates on our standard fees and other incentives in exchange for transaction volumes are not included in the table because the amounts due are indeterminable and contingent until such time as performance has occurred. MasterCard has accrued $470 million as of September 30, 2009 related to customer and merchant agreements.

4

Includes current liability of $14 million relating to the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. Due to the high degree of uncertainty regarding the timing of the non-current liabilities for uncertainties in income taxes, we are unable to make reasonable estimates of the period of cash settlements with the respective taxing authority.

5

Represents amounts due in accordance with the American Express Settlement and other litigation settlements.

6

Debt primarily represents amounts due for the acquisition of MasterCard France. We also have various credit facilities for which there were no outstanding balances at September 30, 2009 that, among other things, would provide liquidity in the event of settlement failures by our members. Our debt obligations would change if one or more of our members failed and we borrowed under these credit facilities to settle on our members’ behalf or for other reasons.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Codification of accounting pronouncements - On July 1, 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) implemented the FASB accounting standards codification and hierarchy of generally accepted accounting principles as the sole source of authoritative GAAP. Pursuant to these provisions, the Company has eliminated its references to the former GAAP authoritative pronouncements in its consolidated financial statements issued as of and for the period ended September 30, 2009. The adoption of this referencing methodology will be continued in the future. As the FASB’s codification was not intended to change existing authoritative guidance, this referencing methodology has not had and will not have any impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Earnings per share - A new accounting standard related to instruments granted in share-based payment transactions became effective for the Company on January 1, 2009, resulting in the retrospective adjustment of earnings per share (“EPS”) for prior periods. See Note 2 (Earnings (Loss) Per Share) for further detail.

Non-controlling interests - In December 2007, accounting and reporting standards were established that require non-controlling interests, previously referred to as minority interests, to be reported as a component of equity. In addition, changes in a parent’s ownership interest while the parent retains its controlling interest are accounted for as equity transactions, and upon a gain or loss of control, retained ownership interests are remeasured at fair value, with any gain or loss recognized in earnings. Effective January 1, 2009, the Company applied the provisions of these new standards retrospectively in the consolidated financial statements. The adoption of these standards did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations for any periods presented.

Derivative instruments and hedging - Disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging were amended, effective for the Company on January 1, 2009. The new requirements apply to all entities and provide for qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value

 

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amounts of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk related contingent features in derivative agreements. The Company applied these requirements on a prospective basis. Accordingly, disclosures related to interim periods prior to the date of adoption have not been presented. Since this revision relates to disclosures only, it had no impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. See Note 20 (Foreign Exchange Risk Management) for further detail.

Business combinations - Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the new accounting standard for business combinations. The new standard establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer of a business recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree; how the acquirer recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in a business combination; and how the acquirer determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations as of or for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009.

Fair value - Interim disclosure requirements about fair value of financial instruments were amended and became effective for the Company during the second quarter of 2009. Public entities must disclose in their interim financial statements the fair value of financial instruments within the scope of this standard. Additionally, disclosure is required of the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of those financial instruments. The Company adopted this standard during the second quarter of 2009 and has included the additional financial statement disclosures as of September 30, 2009 in Note 4 (Fair Value). The adoption of this standard had no impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Also, accounting standards changed for the method for determining whether an other-than-temporary impairment exists for debt securities and the amount of an impairment charge to be recorded in earnings. Enhanced disclosures must include the Company’s methodology and key inputs used for determining the amount of credit losses recorded in earnings. The Company adopted these changes during the second quarter of 2009 and the adoption had no impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. See Note 5 (Investment Securities) for further detail.

Additionally, accounting guidance was issued to highlight and expand on the factors that should be considered in estimating fair value when there has been a significant decrease in market activity for a financial asset. The new disclosures relate to fair value measurement inputs and valuation techniques (including changes in inputs and valuation techniques). The Company adopted the changes, as required, during the second quarter of 2009 and the adoption had no impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. See Note 4 (Fair Value) for further detail.

Transfers of financial assets - In June 2009, the accounting standard for transfers and servicing of financial assets and extinguishments of liabilities was amended. The change eliminates the qualifying special purpose entity concept, establishes a new unit of account definition that must be met for the transfer of portions of financial assets to be eligible for sale accounting, clarifies and changes the derecognition criteria for a transfer to be accounted for as a sale, changes the amount of gain or loss on a transfer of financial assets accounted for as a sale when beneficial interests are received by the transferor, and requires additional new disclosures. The Company will adopt the new standard upon its effective date of January 1, 2010 and the impact will depend upon the nature and significance of future transfers of financial assets, if any.

Variable interest entities - During June 2009, there was a revision to the accounting standard for the consolidation of variable interest entities. The revision eliminates the exemption for qualifying special purpose entities, requires a new qualitative approach for determining whether a reporting entity should consolidate a variable interest entity, and changes the requirement of when to reassess whether a reporting entity should consolidate a variable interest entity. The Company will assess whether it should consolidate or deconsolidate any variable interest entities for which it holds variable interests on January 1, 2010, the effective date of the new standard, and the impact to the Company will be dependent upon the facts and circumstances related to those variable interests at the effective date.

Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables - In September 2009, the accounting standard for the allocation of revenue in arrangements involving multiple deliverables was amended. Current accounting standards

 

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require companies to allocate revenue based on the fair value of each deliverable, even though such deliverables may not be sold separately either by the company itself or other vendors. The new accounting standard eliminates i) the residual method of revenue allocation and ii) the requirement that all undelivered elements must have objective and reliable evidence of fair value before a company can recognize the portion of the overall arrangement fee that is attributable to items that already have been delivered. This revised accounting standard will be effective beginning January 1, 2011 for prospective adoption. In addition, early adoption and retrospective transition are permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the requirements of the standard to determine the impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risk is the potential for economic losses to be incurred on market risk sensitive instruments arising from adverse changes in market factors such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and equity price risk. We have limited exposure to market risk from changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates and equity price risk. Management establishes and oversees the implementation of policies, which have been approved by the Board of Directors, governing our funding, investments and use of derivative financial instruments. We monitor risk exposures on an ongoing basis. There were no material changes in our market risk exposures at September 30, 2009 as compared to December 31, 2008.

 

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

MasterCard Incorporated’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, carried out an evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this Report. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that MasterCard Incorporated had effective disclosure controls and procedures for (i) recording, processing, summarizing and reporting information that is required to be disclosed in its reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and (ii) ensuring that information required to be disclosed in such reports is accumulated and communicated to MasterCard Incorporated’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

In connection with the evaluation by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of changes in internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s last fiscal quarter, no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was identified that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

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Other Financial Information

With respect to the unaudited consolidated financial information of MasterCard Incorporated and its subsidiaries for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP reported that they have applied limited procedures in accordance with professional standards for a review of such information. However, their report dated November 3, 2009 appearing below, states that they did not audit and they do not express an opinion on that unaudited financial information. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has not carried out any significant or additional audit tests beyond those which would have been necessary if their report had not been included. Accordingly, the degree of reliance on their report on such information should be restricted in light of the limited nature of the review procedures applied. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is not subject to the liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 (“the Act”) for their report on the unaudited consolidated financial information because that report is not a “report” or a “part” of a registration statement prepared or certified by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Act.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of MasterCard Incorporated and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of September 30, 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations and consolidated condensed statements of comprehensive income for each of the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, and the consolidated statements of cash flows for each of the nine month periods ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, and the consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity for the nine month period ended September 30, 2009. These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying consolidated interim financial information for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), of changes in stockholders’ equity, and of cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated February 19, 2009, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December, 31, 2008, is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

 

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP
New York, New York
November 3, 2009

 

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MASTERCARD INCORPORATED

FORM 10-Q

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Refer to Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

For a discussion of the Company’s risk factors, see the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 and the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009.

 

Item 5. Other Information

On October 28, 2009, the Company, in the ordinary course of business, issued 38 shares of its Class M common stock to new principal members of MasterCard International, which was offset by the retirement of 29 shares of Class M common stock due to the terminations of principal members, pursuant to the Charter. In the aggregate, these issuances of new shares of Class M common stock were more than one percent of the total number of shares of Class M common stock outstanding. Pursuant to Article IV, Section 4.3(G) of the Charter, the Company issues a share of Class M common stock upon each principal member of MasterCard International becoming a member and executing a license agreement with MasterCard International. The shares of Class M common stock were issued in reliance upon the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, on the basis that the transaction, the issuance of a share upon the issuance of a license, did not involve any public offering.

 

Item 6. Exhibits

Refer to the Exhibit Index included herein.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

Date: November 3, 2009     MASTERCARD INCORPORATED
                        (Registrant)
Date: November 3, 2009     By:  

/s/ ROBERT W. SELANDER

      Robert W. Selander
      Chief Executive Officer
      (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: November 3, 2009     By:  

/s/ MARTINA HUND-MEJEAN

      Martina Hund-Mejean
      Chief Financial Officer
      (Principal Financial Officer)
Date: November 3, 2009     By:  

/s/ MELISSA J. BALLENGER

      Melissa J. Ballenger
      Corporate Controller
      (Principal Accounting Officer)

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit

Number

 

Exhibit Description

    3.1   Amended and Restated Bylaws of MasterCard International Incorporated.
  15   Awareness Letter from the Company’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
  31.1   Certification of Robert W. Selander, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  31.2   Certification of Martina Hund-Mejean, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/ 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  32.1   Certification of Robert W. Selander, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  32.2   Certification of Martina Hund-Mejean, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS   XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Scheme Document
101.CAL   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

 

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