Table of Contents

 

 

 

United States
Securities and Exchange Commission

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 6-K

 

Report of Foreign Private Issuer
Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16
of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

For the month of

 

December, 2015

 

Vale S.A.

 

Avenida das Américas, No. 700
22640-100 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

(Address of principal executive office)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

 

(Check One) Form 20-F x Form 40-F o

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1)

 

(Check One) Yes o No x

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7)

 

(Check One) Yes o No x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

(Check One) Yes o No x

 

If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b). 82-      .

 

 

 



Table of Contents

 

 

Financial Statements

 

December 31, 2015

 

BRGAAP

 

 

 

Filed with the CVM, SEC and HKEx on

February 25, 2016

 

1



Table of Contents

 

 

Vale S.A. Financial Statements

Contents

 

 

Page

Balance Sheet

5

Income Statement

7

Statement of Comprehensive Income

8

Cash Flow Statement

9

Statement of Changes in Equity

10

Value Added Statement

11

Notes to the Financial Statements

12

1.

Corporate information

12

2.

Basis for preparation of the financial statements

12

3.

Information by business segment and by geographic area

13

4.

Relevant event

19

5.

Assets held for sale

20

6.

Acquisitions and divestitures

21

7.

Cash and cash equivalents

22

8.

Accounts receivable

22

9.

Inventories

23

10.

Recoverable taxes

23

11.

Investments

23

12.

Noncontrolling interest

25

13.

Intangibles

26

14.

Property, plant and equipment

27

15.

Impairment and onerous contracts

28

16.

Loans and borrowings

30

17.

Asset retirement obligations

32

18.

Litigation

32

19.

Income taxes - Settlement program (“REFIS”)

34

20.

Income taxes

34

21.

Employee benefits obligations

36

22.

Financial instruments classification

43

23.

Fair value estimate

46

24.

Derivative financial instruments

48

25.

Stockholders’ equity

59

26.

Costs and expenses by nature

61

27.

Financial results

62

28.

Deferred revenue - Gold stream

63

29.

Commitments

64

30.

Related parties

65

31.

Summary of the main accounting policies

68

32.

Critical accounting estimates and judgments

76

33.

Risk management

78

Members of the Board of Directors, Fiscal Council, Advisory Committees and Executive Officers

81

 

2



Table of Contents

 

 

GRAPHIC

 

 

KPMG Auditores Independentes

Av. Almirante Barroso, 52 - 4º

20031-000 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil

Caixa Postal 2888

20001-970 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil

Central Tel
Fax
Internet

55 (21) 3515-9400
55 (21) 3515-9000

www.kpmg.com.br

 

Independent auditor’s report on the financial statements

 

(A free translation of the original report in Portuguese as published in Brazil containing financial statement prepared in accordance with accounting practices adopted in Brazil and rules of the International Financial Reporting Standards - IFRS)

 

To

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Vale S.A.

Rio de Janeiro - RJ

 

1.              We have examined the accompanying individual and consolidated financial statements of Vale S.A. (“the Company”), identified as Parent Company and Consolidated, respectively, which comprise the balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 and the respective statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended, as well as a summary of significant accounting policies and other notes to the financial statements.

 

Management’s responsibility for the financial statements

 

2.              The Company’s management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the individual and consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting practices adopted in Brazil and in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) as well as for the internal control as it considers necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements free of material misstatements, regardless of whether due to fraud or error.

 

Independent auditor’s responsibility

 

3.              Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit, conducted in accordance with the Brazilian and International Standards on Auditing. These standards require compliance with ethical requirements by the auditor and that the audit is planned and performed for the purpose of obtaining reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatement.

 

4.              An audit involves performing selected procedures to obtain evidence with respect to the amounts and disclosures presented in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, and include the assessment of the risks of material misstatements of the financial statements, regardless of whether due to fraud or error. In the assessment of these risks, the auditor considers the relevant internal controls for the preparation and fair presentation of the Company’s financial statements, in order to plan audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for purposes of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls. An audit also includes evaluating the adequacy of the accounting practices used and the reasonableness of the accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements taken as a whole.

 

 

KPMG Auditores Independentes, uma sociedade simples brasileira e firma-membro da rede KPMG de firmas-membro independentes e afiliadas à KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), uma entidade suíça.

 

KPMG Auditores Independentes, a Brazilian entity and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity.

 

3



Table of Contents

 

 

5.              We believe that the audit evidence obtained is sufficient and appropriate for expressing our opinion.

 

Opinion on the financial statements

 

6.              In our opinion, the aforementioned individual and consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the individual and consolidated financial position of Vale S.A. as of December 31, 2015, and of its individual and consolidated financial performance and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with accounting practices adopted in Brazil and in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

 

Statements of added value

 

7.              We have also examined the individual and consolidated statements of added value for the year ended December 31, 2015, the presentation of which is required by Brazilian Corporation Law for public companies, which is the responsibility of the Company’s management, considered as supplementary information by IFRS, which does not require the presentation of the statements of added value. These statements were submitted to the same audit procedures described previously and, in our opinion, are presented adequately, in all material respects, in relation to the financial statements, taken as a whole.

 

Rio de Janeiro, February 24, 2016

 

 

KPMG Auditores Independentes

CRC SP-014428/O-6 F-RJ

 

 

Manuel Fernandes Rodrigues de Sousa

Accountant CRC-RJ-052428/O-2

 

4



Table of Contents

 

 

Balance Sheet

In millions of Brazilian Reais

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Notes

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

14,022

 

10,555

 

518

 

685

 

Financial investments

 

 

 

109

 

392

 

18

 

392

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

24 

 

474

 

441

 

196

 

370

 

Accounts receivable

 

 

5,763

 

8,700

 

36,026

 

30,599

 

Inventories

 

 

13,775

 

11,956

 

3,830

 

3,655

 

Prepaid income taxes

 

 

 

3,513

 

4,200

 

3,176

 

3,782

 

Recoverable taxes

 

10 

 

5,482

 

4,515

 

3,352

 

2,687

 

Related parties

 

30 

 

273

 

1,537

 

834

 

2,227

 

Others

 

 

 

1,215

 

1,780

 

581

 

1,169

 

 

 

 

 

44,626

 

44,076

 

48,531

 

45,566

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets held for sale

 

 

15,792

 

9,669

 

 

1,501

 

 

 

 

 

60,418

 

53,745

 

48,531

 

47,067

 

Non-current assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

24 

 

363

 

231

 

293

 

29

 

Loans

 

 

 

732

 

609

 

106

 

104

 

Prepaid income taxes

 

 

 

1,840

 

1,271

 

 

 

Recoverable taxes

 

10 

 

1,956

 

1,064

 

1,457

 

566

 

Deferred income taxes

 

20 

 

30,867

 

10,560

 

17,292

 

6,430

 

Judicial deposits

 

18(c)

 

3,445

 

3,370

 

2,707

 

2,721

 

Related parties

 

30 

 

5

 

93

 

1,468

 

902

 

Others

 

 

 

2,392

 

1,873

 

765

 

349

 

 

 

 

 

41,600

 

19,071

 

24,088

 

11,101

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investments

 

11 

 

11,481

 

10,978

 

127,517

 

128,615

 

Intangibles

 

13 

 

20,789

 

18,114

 

8,557

 

7,467

 

Property, plant and equipment

 

14 

 

211,259

 

207,507

 

96,887

 

87,321

 

 

 

 

 

285,129

 

255,670

 

257,049

 

234,504

 

Total assets

 

 

 

345,547

 

309,415

 

305,580

 

281,571

 

 

5



Table of Contents

 

 

Balance Sheet

In millions of Brazilian Reais

 

(continued)

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Notes

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Suppliers and contractors

 

 

 

13,140

 

11,566

 

7,084

 

6,818

 

Payroll and related charges

 

 

 

1,464

 

3,089

 

806

 

2,017

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

24

 

8,107

 

3,760

 

3,559

 

948

 

Loans and borrowings

 

16

 

9,788

 

3,768

 

4,736

 

2,853

 

Related parties

 

30

 

1,856

 

813

 

6,774

 

5,622

 

Income taxes - Settlement program

 

19

 

1,348

 

1,213

 

1,320

 

1,189

 

Taxes payable

 

 

 

977

 

1,461

 

460

 

376

 

Provision for income taxes

 

 

 

943

 

937

 

 

 

Employee postretirement obligations

 

21(a)

 

266

 

177

 

72

 

66

 

Asset retirement obligations

 

17

 

346

 

361

 

83

 

89

 

Others

 

 

 

2,531

 

1,074

 

825

 

690

 

 

 

 

 

40,766

 

28,219

 

25,719

 

20,668

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities associated with assets held for sale

 

5

 

416

 

294

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

41,182

 

28,513

 

25,719

 

20,668

 

Non-current liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

24

 

5,581

 

4,276

 

4,745

 

3,866

 

Loans and borrowings

 

16

 

102,878

 

72,749

 

55,986

 

38,542

 

Related parties

 

30

 

830

 

288

 

63,837

 

43,606

 

Employee postretirement obligations

 

21(a)

 

6,831

 

5,941

 

483

 

466

 

Provisions for litigation

 

18(a)

 

3,210

 

3,405

 

2,190

 

2,448

 

Income taxes - Settlement program

 

19

 

15,953

 

15,572

 

15,626

 

15,254

 

Deferred income taxes

 

20

 

6,520

 

8,874

 

 

 

Asset retirement obligations

 

17

 

9,313

 

8,588

 

1,291

 

3,106

 

Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

29(b)

 

1,336

 

4,584

 

1,336

 

4,584

 

Redeemable noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

645

 

 

 

Deferred revenue - Gold stream

 

28

 

6,830

 

3,516

 

 

 

Others

 

 

 

5,664

 

2,863

 

3,207

 

2,617

 

 

 

 

 

164,946

 

131,301

 

148,701

 

114,489

 

Total liabilities

 

 

 

206,128

 

159,814

 

174,420

 

135,157

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity attributable to Vale’s stockholders

 

25

 

131,160

 

146,414

 

131,160

 

146,414

 

Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

12

 

8,259

 

3,187

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

139,419

 

149,601

 

131,160

 

146,414

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

345,547

 

309,415

 

305,580

 

281,571

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

6



Table of Contents

 

 

Income Statement

In millions of Brazilian Reais, except as otherwise stated

 

 

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Notes

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

Continuing operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net operating revenue

 

3(c)

 

85,499

 

88,275

 

101,490

 

42,560

 

54,346

 

Cost of goods sold and services rendered

 

26(a)

 

(68,658

)

(59,087

)

(52,511

)

(27,522

)

(26,093

)

Gross profit

 

 

 

16,841

 

29,188

 

48,979

 

15,038

 

28,253

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating (expenses) income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling and administrative expenses

 

26(b)

 

(2,143

)

(2,603

)

(2,804

)

(1,141

)

(1,441

)

Research and evaluation expenses

 

 

 

(1,603

)

(1,738

)

(1,745

)

(767

)

(1,017

)

Pre operating and operational stoppage

 

 

 

(3,408

)

(2,563

)

(4,035

)

(618

)

(426

)

Equity results from subsidiaries

 

11

 

 

 

 

(35,357

)

(14,167

)

Other operating income (expenses), net

 

26(c)

 

(586

)

(2,560

)

(2,157

)

72

 

(1,996

)

 

 

 

 

(7,740

)

(9,464

)

(10,741

)

(37,811

)

(19,047

)

Impairment of non-current assets and onerous contracts

 

15

 

(34,553

)

(2,713

)

(5,390

)

270

 

4,295

 

Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets

 

5-6

 

52

 

(441

)

(508

)

546

 

 

Operating income (loss)

 

 

 

(25,400

)

16,570

 

32,340

 

(21,957

)

13,501

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial income

 

27

 

26,167

 

8,667

 

5,795

 

25,822

 

7,379

 

Financial expenses

 

27

 

(62,705

)

(23,420

)

(24,237

)

(56,950

)

(18,495

)

Equity results in associates and joint ventures

 

11

 

(1,507

)

1,141

 

999

 

(1,507

)

1,141

 

Results on sale or disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures

 

5-6

 

296

 

(68

)

98

 

55

 

(68

)

Impairment of investments in associates and joint ventures

 

15

 

(1,727

)

(71

)

 

(510

)

(71

)

Net income (loss) before income taxes

 

 

 

(64,876

)

2,819

 

14,995

 

(55,047

)

3,387

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income taxes

 

20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current tax

 

 

 

(1,347

)

(2,352

)

(17,368

)

18

 

(1,344

)

Deferred tax

 

 

 

20,226

 

(248

)

2,119

 

10,816

 

(1,089

)

 

 

 

 

18,879

 

(2,600

)

(15,249

)

10,834

 

(2,433

)

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

 

 

 

(45,997

)

219

 

(254

)

(44,213

)

954

 

Loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

12

 

(1,784

)

(735

)

(373

)

 

 

Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Vale’s stockholders

 

 

 

(44,213

)

954

 

119

 

(44,213

)

954

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discontinued operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss from discontinued operations

 

 

 

 

 

(4

)

 

 

Loss from discontinued operations attributable to Vale’s stockholders

 

 

 

 

 

(4

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

 

 

(45,997

)

219

 

(258

)

(44,213

)

954

 

Loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

 

 

(1,784

)

(735

)

(373

)

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to Vale’s stockholders

 

 

 

(44,213

)

954

 

115

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings per share attributable to Vale’s stockholders:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted earnings per share:

 

25(d)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred share (R$)

 

 

 

(8.58

)

0.19

 

0.02

 

(8.58

)

0.19

 

Common share (R$)

 

 

 

(8.58

)

0.19

 

0.02

 

(8.58

)

0.19

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

7



Table of Contents

 

 

Statement of Comprehensive Income

In millions of Brazilian Reais

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

Net income (loss)

 

(45,997

)

219

 

(258

)

(44,213

)

954

 

Other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Retirement benefit obligations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross balance for the year

 

261

 

(661

)

1,976

 

(136

)

(261

)

Effect of taxes

 

(4

)

204

 

(614

)

46

 

89

 

Equity results from entities, net taxes

 

 

4

 

 

350

 

(281

)

 

 

257

 

(453

)

1,362

 

260

 

(453

)

Total items that will not be reclassified subsequently to net income

 

257

 

(453

)

1,362

 

260

 

(453

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative translation adjustments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross balance for the year

 

32,444

 

8,771

 

6,283

 

34,409

 

8,480

 

Effect of taxes

 

3,500

 

 

 

 

 

Transfer of realized results to net income

 

 

 

939

 

 

 

 

 

35,944

 

8,771

 

7,222

 

34,409

 

8,480

 

Available-for-sale financial instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross balance for the year

 

2

 

(8

)

368

 

 

 

Equity results from entities, net taxes

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

Transfer of realized results to net income, net of taxes

 

 

8

 

(370

)

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

(2

)

2

 

 

Cash flow hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross balance for the year

 

2,655

 

(731

)

(25

)

 

 

Effect of taxes

 

(23

)

(6

)

24

 

 

 

Equity results from entities, net taxes

 

(17

)

(4

)

 

1,458

 

(1,044

)

Transfer of realized results to net income, net of taxes

 

(1,157

)

(303

)

(93

)

 

 

 

 

1,458

 

(1,044

)

(94

)

1,458

 

(1,044

)

Total of items that may be reclassified subsequently to net income

 

37,404

 

7,727

 

7,126

 

35,869

 

7,436

 

Total comprehensive income

 

(8,336

)

7,493

 

8,230

 

(8,084

)

7,937

 

Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

(252

)

(444

)

229

 

 

 

 

 

Comprehensive income attributable to Vale’s stockholders

 

(8,084

)

7,937

 

8,001

 

 

 

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

8



Table of Contents

 

 

Cash Flow Statement

In millions of Brazilian Reais

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

Cash flow from continuing operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

 

(45,997

)

219

 

(254

)

(44,213

)

954

 

Adjustments for:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity results from entities

 

1,507

 

(1,141

)

(999

)

36,864

 

13,026

 

Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets

 

(52

)

441

 

508

 

(546

)

 

Results on sale or disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures

 

(296

)

68

 

(98

)

(55

)

68

 

Results on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangibles

 

(427

)

232

 

(279

)

165

 

198

 

Impairment of non-current assets and onerous contracts

 

36,280

 

2,784

 

5,390

 

240

 

(4,224

)

Depreciation, amortization and depletion

 

13,489

 

10,108

 

8,953

 

4,578

 

3,649

 

Deferred income taxes

 

(20,226

)

248

 

(2,119

)

(10,816

)

1,089

 

Foreign exchange and indexation, net

 

24,364

 

3,208

 

1,565

 

21,671

 

4,631

 

Unrealized derivative loss (gain), net

 

5,796

 

2,903

 

1,616

 

3,708

 

1,169

 

Dividends and interest on capital received from subsidiaries

 

 

 

 

864

 

560

 

Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

(3,039

)

665

 

800

 

(3,039

)

665

 

Others

 

732

 

554

 

305

 

541

 

2,031

 

Changes in assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

5,237

 

5,296

 

932

 

6,404

 

(12,816

)

Inventories

 

(1,018

)

(1,661

)

929

 

228

 

502

 

Suppliers and contractors

 

2,429

 

2,301

 

(219

)

1,550

 

3,167

 

Payroll and related charges

 

(1,780

)

(230

)

261

 

(1,317

)

(213

)

Income taxes (includes settlement program)

 

(278

)

1,285

 

12,192

 

33

 

1,407

 

Net other taxes assets and liabilities

 

(802

)

(726

)

531

 

(79

)

(800

)

Deferred revenue - Gold stream (note 28)

 

1,670

 

 

2,899

 

 

 

Net other assets and liabilities

 

(1,870

)

1,238

 

(1,037

)

(903

)

(1,724

)

Net cash provided by continuing operating activities

 

15,719

 

27,792

 

31,876

 

15,878

 

13,339

 

Net cash provided by discontinued operating activities

 

 

 

357

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

15,719

 

27,792

 

32,233

 

15,878

 

13,339

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flow from continuing investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial investments redeemed (invested)

 

932

 

(392

)

498

 

373

 

(384

)

Loans and advances received (granted)

 

(34

)

781

 

(44

)

160

 

730

 

Guarantees and deposits received (granted)

 

(238

)

156

 

(324

)

(197

)

112

 

Additions to investments

 

(186

)

(570

)

(784

)

(5,330

)

(2,618

)

Acquisition of subsidiary (note 6(f))

 

(237

)

 

 

 

 

Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (note 3(b))

 

(27,784

)

(26,346

)

(28,549

)

(16,094

)

(16,714

)

Dividends and interest on capital received from associates and joint ventures (note 11)

 

1,064

 

1,302

 

1,836

 

881

 

1,142

 

Proceeds from disposal of assets and investments

 

5,211

 

2,709

 

4,699

 

4,366

 

2,709

 

Proceeds from gold stream transaction (note 28)

 

1,156

 

 

1,161

 

 

 

Net cash used in continuing investing activities

 

(20,116

)

(22,360

)

(21,507

)

(15,841

)

(15,023

)

Net cash provided by discontinued investing activities

 

 

 

(1,643

)

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(20,116

)

(22,360

)

(23,150

)

(15,841

)

(15,023

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flow from continuing financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans and borrowings (i)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additions

 

16,603

 

5,947

 

7,267

 

19,571

 

16,523

 

Repayments

 

(10,156

)

(4,678

)

(7,480

)

(14,749

)

(8,058

)

Transactions with stockholders:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends and interest on capital paid to Vale’s stockholders (note 25(e))

 

(5,026

)

(9,739

)

(9,319

)

(5,026

)

(9,739

)

Dividends and interest on capital paid to noncontrolling interest

 

(46

)

(164

)

(46

)

 

 

Transactions with noncontrolling stockholders (ii)

 

3,875

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash provided (used) by continuing financing activities

 

5,250

 

(8,634

)

(9,578

)

(204

)

(1,274

)

Net cash provided by discontinued financing activities

 

 

 

182

 

 

 

Net cash provided (used) in financing activities

 

5,250

 

(8,634

)

(9,396

)

(204

)

(1,274

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

853

 

(3,202

)

(313

)

(167

)

(2,958

)

Cash and cash equivalents in the beginning of the year

 

10,555

 

12,465

 

11,918

 

685

 

3,635

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

 

2,614

 

1,292

 

860

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents from incorporated subsidiary

 

 

 

 

 

8

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year

 

14,022

 

10,555

 

12,465

 

518

 

685

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid for (iii):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest on loans and borrowings (i)

 

(4,827

)

(3,561

)

(3,290

)

(4,756

)

(3,163

)

Derivatives received (paid), net

 

(3,771

)

(521

)

(605

)

(769

)

(81

)

Income taxes

 

(1,738

)

(1,199

)

(5,183

)

(58

)

(60

)

Income taxes - Settlement program

 

(1,284

)

(1,161

)

(6,032

)

(1,257

)

(1,137

)

Non-cash transactions:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additions to property, plant and equipment - capitalized loans and borrowing costs

 

2,531

 

1,387

 

519

 

1,258

 

738

 

Additions to property, plant and equipment - costs of assets retirement obligations

 

846

 

2,217

 

445

 

(936

)

973

 

Dividends received

 

 

 

 

227

 

349

 

 


(i) In the Parent Company includes debt flow with Vale International S.A., its wholly owned. In 2015 was captured R$4,080 (R$11,388 – 2014); repayments of R$5,229 (R$5,769 – 2014); and interest paid of R$2,318 (R$1,276 – 2014), respectively.

(ii) Comprises reduction of participation in MBR (note 6(a)) and other transactions.

(iii) Amounts paid are classified as cash flows from operating activities.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

9



Table of Contents

 

 

Statement of Changes in Equity

In millions of Brazilian Reais

 

 

 

Share
capital

 

Results on
conversion of
shares

 

Results from
operation with
noncontrolling
interest

 

Profit
reserves

 

Treasury
stocks

 

Unrealized fair
value gain
(losses)

 

Cumulative
translation
adjustments

 

Retained
earnings

 

Equity
attributable
to Vale’s
stockholders

 

Equity
attributable
to
noncontrolling
interests

 

Total
stockholder’s
equity

 

Balance at December 31, 2012

 

75,000

 

50

 

(840

)

78,450

 

(7,838

)

(4,176

)

9,002

 

16

 

149,664

 

3,245

 

152,909

 

Net income (loss)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

115

 

115

 

(373

)

(258

)

Other comprehensive income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Retirement benefit obligations

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,362

 

 

 

1,362

 

 

1,362

 

Cash flow hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

(94

)

 

 

(94

)

 

(94

)

Available-for-sale financial instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2

)

 

 

(2

)

 

(2

)

Translation adjustments

 

 

 

 

 

 

95

 

6,525

 

 

6,620

 

602

 

7,222

 

Transactions with stockholders:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends and interest on capital of Vale’s stockholders

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(9,319

)

(9,319

)

 

(9,319

)

Dividends of noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(214

)

(214

)

Redeemable noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

349

 

349

 

Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

166

 

166

 

Realization of reserves

 

 

 

 

(9,220

)

 

 

 

9,220

 

 

 

 

Appropriation to undistributed retained earnings

 

 

 

 

32

 

 

 

 

(32

)

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2013

 

75,000

 

50

 

(840

)

69,262

 

(7,838

)

(2,815

)

15,527

 

 

148,346

 

3,775

 

152,121

 

Net income (loss)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

954

 

954

 

(735

)

219

 

Other comprehensive income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Retirement benefit obligations

 

 

 

 

 

 

(453

)

 

 

(453

)

 

(453

)

Cash flow hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,044

)

 

 

(1,044

)

 

(1,044

)

Translation adjustments

 

 

 

 

 

 

(241

)

8,721

 

 

8,480

 

291

 

8,771

 

Transactions with stockholders:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends and interest on capital of Vale’s stockholders

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(9,739

)

(9,739

)

 

(9,739

)

Dividends of noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(18

)

(18

)

Acquisitions and disposal of participation of noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

(130

)

 

 

 

 

 

(130

)

(428

)

(558

)

Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

302

 

302

 

Capitalization of reserves

 

2,300

 

 

 

(2,300

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cancellation of treasury stock

 

 

 

 

(5,092

)

5,092

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Realization of reserves

 

 

 

 

(8,994

)

 

 

 

8,994

 

 

 

 

Appropriation to undistributed retained earnings

 

 

 

 

209

 

 

 

 

(209

)

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2014

 

77,300

 

50

 

(970

)

53,085

 

(2,746

)

(4,553

)

24,248

 

 

146,414

 

3,187

 

149,601

 

Loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(44,213

)

(44,213

)

(1,784

)

(45,997

)

Other comprehensive income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Retirement benefit obligations

 

 

 

 

 

 

260

 

 

 

260

 

(3

)

257

 

Cash flow hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,458

 

 

 

1,458

 

 

1,458

 

Available-for-sale financial instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

2

 

 

2

 

Translation adjustments

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,040

)

35,449

 

 

34,409

 

1,535

 

35,944

 

Transactions with stockholders:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends and interest on capital of Vale’s stockholders

 

 

 

 

(5,026

)

 

 

 

 

(5,026

)

 

(5,026

)

Dividends of noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(123

)

(123

)

Acquisitions and disposal of participation of noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

(911

)

 

 

 

(1,233

)

 

(2,144

)

5,317

 

3,173

 

Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

130

 

130

 

Appropriation to undistributed retained earnings

 

 

 

 

(44,213

)

 

 

 

44,213

 

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2015

 

77,300

 

50

 

(1,881

)

3,846

 

(2,746

)

(3,873

)

58,464

 

 

131,160

 

8,259

 

139,419

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

10



Table of Contents

 

 

Value Added Statement

In millions of Brazilian Reais

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

Generation of value added from continuing operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross revenue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue from products and services

 

86,907

 

89,911

 

103,026

 

43,296

 

55,198

 

Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets

 

348

 

(509

)

(410

)

601

 

(68

)

Revenue from the construction of own assets

 

30,329

 

27,733

 

20,792

 

17,948

 

17,453

 

Allowance for doubtful accounts

 

44

 

(34

)

(22

)

(9

)

15

 

Other revenues

 

1,979

 

1,153

 

1,307

 

569

 

525

 

Less:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Acquisition of products

 

(2,531

)

(3,800

)

(3,329

)

(684

)

(1,071

)

Material, service and maintenance

 

(46,396

)

(42,133

)

(35,050

)

(25,850

)

(26,684

)

Oil and gas

 

(4,406

)

(4,022

)

(3,954

)

(2,629

)

(2,520

)

Energy

 

(1,920

)

(1,430

)

(1,546

)

(941

)

(689

)

Freight

 

(11,878

)

(8,502

)

(6,979

)

 

 

Impairment of non-current assets and contracts onerous

 

(36,280

)

(2,784

)

(5,390

)

(240

)

4,224

 

Other costs and expenses

 

(8,680

)

(10,010

)

(9,481

)

(1,087

)

(2,297

)

Gross value added

 

7,516

 

45,573

 

58,964

 

30,974

 

44,086

 

Depreciation, amortization and depletion

 

(13,489

)

(10,108

)

(8,953

)

(4,578

)

(3,649

)

Net value added

 

(5,973

)

35,465

 

50,011

 

26,396

 

40,437

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Received from third parties

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity results from entities

 

(1,507

)

1,141

 

999

 

(36,864

)

(13,026

)

Financial income

 

4,791

 

2,396

 

1,465

 

3,377

 

1,780

 

Monetary and exchange variation of assets

 

12,087

 

3,301

 

1,802

 

12,828

 

4,018

 

Total value added from continuing operations to be distributed

 

9,398

 

42,303

 

54,277

 

5,737

 

33,209

 

Value added from discontinued operations to be distributed

 

––

 

 

611

 

––

 

 

Total value added to be distributed

 

9,398

 

42,303

 

54,888

 

5,737

 

33,209

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Personnel

 

9,497

 

9,485

 

9,496

 

4,573

 

4,986

 

Taxes and contributions

 

8,511

 

8,379

 

6,242

 

6,383

 

6,925

 

Current income tax

 

1,347

 

2,352

 

17,368

 

(18

)

1,344

 

Deferred income tax

 

(20,226

)

248

 

(2,119

)

(10,816

)

1,089

 

Financial expense (includes capitalized interest)

 

16,951

 

11,488

 

14,397

 

11,050

 

7,941

 

Monetary and exchange variation of liabilities

 

37,598

 

8,746

 

8,286

 

36,282

 

8,130

 

Other remunerations of third party funds

 

1,717

 

1,386

 

861

 

2,496

 

1,840

 

Dividends and interest attributed to Vale’s stockholders

 

 

745

 

83

 

 

745

 

Reinvested net income (absorbed loss)

 

(44,213

)

209

 

36

 

(44,213

)

209

 

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

(1,784

)

(735

)

(373

)

 

 

Distributed value added from continuing operations

 

9,398

 

42,303

 

54,277

 

5,737

 

33,209

 

Distributed value added from discontinued operations

 

 

 

611

 

 

 

 

Distributed value added

 

9,398

 

42,303

 

54,888

 

5,737

 

33,209

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

11



Table of Contents

 

 

Notes to the Financial Statements

 

Expressed in millions of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated

 

1.         Corporate information

 

Vale S.A. (the “Parent Company”) is a public company headquartered at 700, Avenida das Américas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil with securities traded on the stock exchanges of São Paulo - BM&F BOVESPA (Vale3 and Vale5), New York - NYSE (VALE and VALE.P), Paris - NYSE Euronext (Vale3 and Vale5) and Hong Kong - HKEx (codes 6210 and 6230).

 

Vale and its direct and indirect subsidiaries (“Vale”, “Group” or “Company”) are producers of iron ore and iron ore pellets, key raw materials for steelmaking, and producers of nickel, which is used to produce stainless steel and metal alloys employed in the production of several products. The Group also produces copper, metallurgical and thermal coal, potash, phosphates and other fertilizer nutrients, manganese ore, ferroalloys, platinum group metals, gold, silver and cobalt. The information by segment is presented in notes 3 and 31(d).

 

2.         Basis for preparation of the financial statements

 

a)   Statement of compliance

 

The consolidated and individual financial statements of the Company (“financial statements”) have been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as implemented in Brazil by the Brazilian Accountant Pronouncements Committee (“CPC”), approved by the Brazilian Securities Exchange Commission (“CVM”) and by the Brazilian Federal Accounting Council (“CFC”). All relevant information from its own financial statements, and only this information, are being presented and correspond to those used by the Company’s Management. The consolidated financial statements present the accounts of the Group as described in note 31(b).

 

b)   Basis of presentation

 

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as adjusted to reflect: (i) the fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value through income statement or available-for-sale financial instruments measured at fair value through the statement of comprehensive income; and (ii) impairment of assets.

 

Subsequent events were evaluated through February 24, 2016, which is the date the financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors.

 

c)   Accounting standards issued but not yet effective

 

IFRS 9 Financial instruments - In July 2014 the IASB issued IFRS 9, which sets out the requirements for recognizing and measuring financial assets, financial liabilities and some contracts to buy or sell non-financial items. This Standard replaces IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. The adoption will be required from January 1, 2018 and the Company does not expect significant impact from the adoption of this standard.

 

IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers - In May 2014 the IASB issued IFRS 15, which sets out the requirements for revenue recognition that apply to all contracts with customer to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, and replaces IAS 18 - revenue, IAS 11 - Construction contracts and the related interpretations. The adoption will be required from January 1, 2018 and the Company is currently analyzing the potential impact regarding this pronouncement on the financial statements.

 

IFRS 16 Leases - In January 2016 the IASB issued IFRS 16, which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases. IFRS 16 replaces IAS 17 — Leases and the related interpretation.  The adoption will be required from January 1, 2019 and the Company is currently analyzing the potential impact regarding this pronouncement on the financial statements.

 

d)   Summary of main accounting practices and critical accounting estimates and judgments

 

The summary of main accounting practices and the critical accounting estimates and judgments are disclosed in note 31 and 32, respectively.

 

12



Table of Contents

 

 

3.         Information by business segment and by geographic area

 

The information presented to the Executive Board on the performance of each segment is derived from the accounting records, adjusted for reallocations between segments.

 

a)   Operating income (loss) and adjusted EBITDA

 

Adjusted EBITDA is used by management to support the decision making process for segments. The definition of adjusted EBITDA for the Company is the operating income or loss adding dividends received from associates and joint ventures, and excluding the depreciation, depletion and amortization, impairment, onerous contracts and results on measurement or sales of non-current assets.

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31, 2015

 

 

 

Income statement

 

Adjusted by

 

 

 

 

 

Net
operating
revenue

 

Costs

 

Expenses, net

 

Research and
evaluation
expenses

 

Pre operating
and
operational
stoppage

 

Depreciation
and others
results

 

Operating
income (loss)

 

Impairment
of non-current
assets and
onerous
contracts

 

Results on
measurement
or sale of
non-current
assets

 

Dividends
received
from
associates
and joint
ventures

 

Depreciation,
depletion
and
amortization

 

Adjusted
EBITDA

 

Ferrous minerals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iron ore

 

41,427

 

(25,505

)

(1,140

)

(395

)

(417

)

(8,184

)

5,786

 

3,538

 

494

 

87

 

4,152

 

14,057

 

Pellets

 

11,916

 

(7,008

)

34

 

(13

)

(81

)

(1,309

)

3,539

 

225

 

 

708

 

1,084

 

5,556

 

Ferroalloys and manganese

 

518

 

(583

)

1

 

(1

)

(61

)

(79

)

(205

)

 

 

 

79

 

(126

)

Others ferrous products and services

 

1,552

 

(1,115

)

22

 

(9

)

(6

)

(327

)

117

 

80

 

 

25

 

247

 

469

 

 

 

55,413

 

(34,211

)

(1,083

)

(418

)

(565

)

(9,899

)

9,237

 

3,843

 

494

 

820

 

5,562

 

19,956

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Coal

 

1,739

 

(2,857

)

(435

)

(73

)

(208

)

(12,432

)

(14,266

)

11,762

 

 

109

 

670

 

(1,725

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Base metals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel and other products

 

15,534

 

(11,378

)

(506

)

(348

)

(1,359

)

(23,695

)

(21,752

)

18,180

 

 

 

5,515

 

1,943

 

Copper

 

4,957

 

(3,049

)

(114

)

(31

)

(2

)

(784

)

977

 

138

 

 

 

646

 

1,761

 

Others base metals products

 

 

 

722

 

 

 

 

722

 

 

 

 

 

722

 

 

 

20,491

 

(14,427

)

102

 

(379

)

(1,361

)

(24,479

)

(20,053

)

18,318

 

 

 

6,161

 

4,426

 

Fertilizers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Potash

 

443

 

(297

)

9

 

(171

)

(81

)

(2,230

)

(2,327

)

2,123

 

 

 

107

 

(97

)

Phosphates

 

5,806

 

(3,912

)

(118

)

(97

)

(139

)

653

 

2,193

 

(1,515

)

 

 

862

 

1,540

 

Nitrogen

 

999

 

(687

)

(15

)

(9

)

(12

)

(70

)

206

 

 

 

 

70

 

276

 

Others fertilizers products

 

194

 

 

 

 

 

 

194

 

 

 

 

 

194

 

 

 

7,442

 

(4,896

)

(124

)

(277

)

(232

)

(1,647

)

266

 

608

 

 

 

1,039

 

1,913

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

414

 

(464

)

(543

)

(456

)

(2

)

467

 

(584

)

22

 

(546

)

135

 

57

 

(916

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

85,499

 

(56,855

)

(2,083

)

(1,603

)

(2,368

)

(47,990

)

(25,400

)

34,553

 

(52

)

1,064

 

13,489

 

23,654

 

 

13



Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Statement of income

 

Adjusted by

 

 

 

 

 

Net
operating
revenue

 

Costs

 

Expenses, net

 

Research and
evaluation
expenses

 

Pre operating
and
operational
stoppage

 

Depreciation
and others
results

 

Operating
income (loss)

 

Impairment
of non-current
assets and
onerous
contracts

 

Results on
measurement
or sale of
non-current
assets

 

Dividends
received
from
associates
and joint
ventures

 

Depreciation,
depletion
and
amortization

 

Adjusted
EBITDA

 

Ferrous minerals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iron ore

 

45,341

 

(22,515

)

(3,037

)

(758

)

(376

)

(6,382

)

12,273

 

2,794

 

 

108

 

3,588

 

18,763

 

Pellets

 

12,397

 

(6,397

)

(42

)

(2

)

(88

)

(648

)

5,220

 

 

 

1,097

 

648

 

6,965

 

Ferroalloys and manganese

 

933

 

(618

)

(27

)

(1

)

(54

)

(75

)

158

 

 

 

 

75

 

233

 

Others ferrous products and services

 

1,724

 

(1,310

)

7

 

(21

)

 

(239

)

161

 

 

 

1

 

239

 

401

 

 

 

60,395

 

(30,840

)

(3,099

)

(782

)

(518

)

(7,344

)

17,812

 

2,794

 

 

1,206

 

4,550

 

26,362

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Coal

 

1,740

 

(2,514

)

(764

)

(43

)

(89

)

(1,075

)

(2,745

)

786

 

 

75

 

289

 

(1,595

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Base metals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel and other products

 

14,703

 

(8,756

)

249

 

(330

)

(1,209

)

(586

)

4,071

 

(3,667

)

441

 

 

3,812

 

4,657

 

Copper

 

3,434

 

(2,079

)

(35

)

(10

)

(38

)

(414

)

858

 

 

 

 

414

 

1,272

 

 

 

18,137

 

(10,835

)

214

 

(340

)

(1,247

)

(1,000

)

4,929

 

(3,667

)

441

 

 

4,226

 

5,929

 

Fertilizers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Potash

 

363

 

(312

)

(40

)

(45

)

(51

)

(60

)

(145

)

 

 

 

60

 

(85

)

Phosphates

 

4,259

 

(3,534

)

(163

)

(109

)

(133

)

(3,607

)

(3,287

)

2,800

 

 

 

807

 

320

 

Nitrogen

 

820

 

(560

)

(23

)

(16

)

(16

)

(113

)

92

 

 

 

 

113

 

205

 

Others fertilizers products

 

214

 

 

 

 

 

 

214

 

 

 

 

 

214

 

 

 

5,656

 

(4,406

)

(226

)

(170

)

(200

)

(3,780

)

(3,126

)

2,800

 

 

 

980

 

654

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

2,347

 

(1,408

)

(759

)

(403

)

(14

)

(63

)

(300

)

 

 

21

 

63

 

(216

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

88,275

 

(50,003

)

(4,634

)

(1,738

)

(2,068

)

(13,262

)

16,570

 

2,713

 

441

 

1,302

 

10,108

 

31,134

 

 

14



Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31, 2013

 

 

 

Statement of income

 

Adjusted by

 

 

 

 

 

Net
operating
revenue

 

Costs

 

Expenses,
net

 

Research and
evaluation
expenses

 

Pre operating
and
operational
stoppage

 

Depreciation
and others
results

 

Operating
income (loss)

 

Impairment
of non-current
assets and
onerous
contracts

 

Results on
measurement
or sale of
non-current
assets

 

Dividends
received
from
associates
and joint
ventures

 

Depreciation,
depletion
and
amortization

 

Adjusted
EBITDA

 

Ferrous minerals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iron ore

 

60,653

 

(19,736

)

(2,714

)

(690

)

(524

)

(3,023

)

33,966

 

 

 

149

 

3,023

 

37,138

 

Pellets

 

12,972

 

(4,994

)

(249

)

(24

)

(280

)

(826

)

6,599

 

427

 

 

1,441

 

399

 

8,866

 

Ferroalloys and manganese

 

1,140

 

(677

)

(69

)

(1

)

(31

)

(64

)

298

 

 

 

 

64

 

362

 

Others ferrous products and services

 

903

 

(351

)

11

 

 

 

(301

)

262

 

 

 

2

 

301

 

565

 

 

 

75,668

 

(25,758

)

(3,021

)

(715

)

(835

)

(4,214

)

41,125

 

427

 

 

1,592

 

3,787

 

46,931

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Coal

 

2,188

 

(2,485

)

(536

)

(102

)

(105

)

(373

)

(1,413

)

 

 

90

 

373

 

(950

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Base metals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel and other products

 

12,566

 

(7,906

)

(263

)

(373

)

(1,633

)

(3,416

)

(1,025

)

 

 

 

3,416

 

2,391

 

Copper

 

3,180

 

(2,182

)

(266

)

(95

)

(22

)

(884

)

(269

)

 

508

 

 

376

 

615

 

Others base metals products

 

 

 

484

 

 

 

 

484

 

 

 

 

 

484

 

 

 

15,746

 

(10,088

)

(45

)

(468

)

(1,655

)

(4,300

)

(810

)

 

508

 

 

3,792

 

3,490

 

Fertilizers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Potash

 

434

 

(274

)

(80

)

(38

)

(868

)

(5,057

)

(5,883

)

4,963

 

 

 

94

 

(826

)

Phosphates

 

4,443

 

(3,621

)

(309

)

(67

)

(56

)

(676

)

(286

)

 

 

 

676

 

390

 

Nitrogen

 

990

 

(804

)

(46

)

(12

)

(11

)

(158

)

(41

)

 

 

 

158

 

117

 

Others fertilizers products

 

171

 

 

 

(4

)

 

 

167

 

 

 

 

 

167

 

 

 

6,038

 

(4,699

)

(435

)

(121

)

(935

)

(5,891

)

(6,043

)

4,963

 

 

 

928

 

(152

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

1,850

 

(1,450

)

(508

)

(338

)

 

(73

)

(519

)

 

 

154

 

73

 

(292

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total of continued operations

 

101,490

 

(44,480

)

(4,545

)

(1,744

)

(3,530

)

(14,851

)

32,340

 

5,390

 

508

 

1,836

 

8,953

 

49,027

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discontinued operations

 

2,762

 

(2,324

)

(157

)

(30

)

 

(823

)

(572

)

 

484

 

 

339

 

251

 

Total

 

104,252

 

(46,804

)

(4,702

)

(1,774

)

(3,530

)

(15,674

)

31,768

 

5,390

 

992

 

1,836

 

9,292

 

49,278

 

 

15



Table of Contents

 

 

b)   Assets by segment

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31, 2015

 

 

 

Trade receivables

 

Product inventory

 

Investments

 

Property, plant
and equipment
and intangible
assets

 

Additions to
property, plant
and equipment
and intangible

 

Ferrous minerals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iron ore

 

289

 

3,168

 

1,581

 

104,539

 

16,177

 

Pellets

 

2,792

 

620

 

1,156

 

4,213

 

129

 

Ferroalloys and manganese

 

203

 

249

 

 

547

 

43

 

Others ferrous products and services

 

303

 

7

 

3,038

 

824

 

50

 

 

 

3,587

 

4,044

 

5,775

 

110,123

 

16,399

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Coal

 

176

 

206

 

1,195

 

7,075

 

5,108

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Base metals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel and other products

 

1,606

 

4,460

 

66

 

83,118

 

4,365

 

Copper

 

67

 

92

 

 

 

8,731

 

797

 

 

 

1,673

 

4,552

 

66

 

91,849

 

5,162

 

Fertilizers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Potash

 

 

52

 

 

570

 

 

Phosphates

 

393

 

1,063

 

 

14,526

 

853

 

Nitrogen

 

 

41

 

 

 

 

 

 

393

 

1,156

 

 

15,096

 

853

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

159

 

10

 

4,445

 

7,905

 

262

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

5,988

 

9,968

 

11,481

 

232,048

 

27,784

 

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Trade receivables

 

Product inventory

 

Investments

 

Property, plant
and equipment
and intangible
assets

 

Additions to
property, plant
and equipment
and intangible

 

Ferrous minerals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iron ore

 

4,035

 

2,949

 

1,450

 

93,747

 

16,597

 

Pellets

 

1,153

 

498

 

1,575

 

4,293

 

509

 

Ferroalloys and manganese

 

402

 

183

 

 

696

 

133

 

Others ferrous products and services

 

181

 

 

2,945

 

810

 

93

 

 

 

5,771

 

3,630

 

5,970

 

99,546

 

17,332

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Coal

 

324

 

411

 

943

 

11,765

 

4,850

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Base metals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel and other products

 

1,747

 

3,811

 

56

 

78,664

 

1,828

 

Copper

 

317

 

70

 

515

 

9,733

 

1,333

 

 

 

2,064

 

3,881

 

571

 

88,397

 

3,161

 

Fertilizers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Potash

 

 

31

 

 

414

 

 

Phosphates

 

361

 

822

 

 

14,632

 

92

 

Nitrogen

 

 

62

 

 

 

 

 

 

361

 

915

 

 

15,046

 

92

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

410

 

8

 

3,494

 

10,867

 

911

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

8,930

 

8,845

 

10,978

 

225,621

 

26,346

 

 

16



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c)   Results by segment and revenues by geographic area

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31, 2015

 

 

 

Ferrous
minerals

 

Coal

 

Base metals

 

Fertilizers

 

Others

 

Total

 

Results

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net operating revenue

 

55,413

 

1,739

 

20,491

 

7,442

 

414

 

85,499

 

Cost and expenses

 

(36,277

)

(3,573

)

(16,065

)

(5,529

)

(1,465

)

(62,909

)

Impairment of non-current assets and onerous contracts

 

(3,843

)

(11,762

)

(18,318

)

(608

)

(22

)

(34,553

)

Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets

 

(494

)

 

 

 

546

 

52

 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

(5,562

)

(670

)

(6,161

)

(1,039

)

(57

)

(13,489

)

Operating income (loss)

 

9,237

 

(14,266

)

(20,053

)

266

 

(584

)

(25,400

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial result

 

(35,498

)

481

 

(1,072

)

(482

)

33

 

(36,538

)

Results on sale or disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures

 

 

 

 

 

296

 

296

 

Impairment of investment in associates and joint ventures

 

(511

)

 

(1,216

)

 

 

(1,727

)

Equity results in associates and joint ventures

 

112

 

(13

)

(495

)

 

(1,111

)

(1,507

)

Income taxes

 

18,397

 

(3,241

)

4,211

 

(460

)

(28

)

18,879

 

Loss

 

(8,263

)

(17,039

)

(18,625

)

(676

)

(1,394

)

(45,997

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

270

 

(942

)

(1,072

)

31

 

(71

)

(1,784

)

Loss attributable to Vale’s stockholders

 

(8,533

)

(16,097

)

(17,553

)

(707

)

(1,323

)

(44,213

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales classified by geographic area:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

America, except United States and Brazil

 

1,185

 

64

 

3,697

 

217

 

 

5,163

 

United States of America

 

95

 

 

2,640

 

 

69

 

2,804

 

Europe

 

8,293

 

347

 

6,464

 

431

 

 

15,535

 

Middle East/Africa/Oceania

 

3,323

 

314

 

273

 

31

 

 

3,941

 

Japan

 

5,038

 

237

 

1,223

 

 

 

6,498

 

China

 

28,477

 

149

 

2,186

 

 

 

30,812

 

Asia, except Japan and China

 

3,545

 

553

 

3,325

 

243

 

 

7,666

 

Brazil

 

5,457

 

75

 

683

 

6,520

 

345

 

13,080

 

Net operating revenue

 

55,413

 

1,739

 

20,491

 

7,442

 

414

 

85,499

 

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Ferrous
minerals

 

Coal

 

Base metals

 

Fertilizers

 

Others

 

Total

 

Results

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net operating revenue

 

60,395

 

1,740

 

18,137

 

5,656

 

2,347

 

88,275

 

Cost and expenses

 

(35,239

)

(3,410

)

(12,208

)

(5,002

)

(2,584

)

(58,443

)

Impairment of non-current assets and onerous contracts

 

(2,794

)

(786

)

3,667

 

(2,800

)

 

(2,713

)

Results on measurement or sales of non-current assets

 

 

 

(441

)

 

 

(441

)

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

(4,550

)

(289

)

(4,226

)

(980

)

(63

)

(10,108

)

Operating income (loss)

 

17,812

 

(2,745

)

4,929

 

(3,126

)

(300

)

16,570

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial result

 

(14,611

)

443

 

(425

)

(125

)

(35

)

(14,753

)

Results on sale or disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures

 

 

 

 

 

(68

)

(68

)

Impairment of investment in associates and joint ventures

 

 

 

 

 

(71

)

(71

)

Equity results in associates and joint ventures

 

1,527

 

76

 

(80

)

 

(382

)

1,141

 

Income taxes

 

(3,355

)

243

 

(333

)

1,059

 

(214

)

(2,600

)

Net income (loss)

 

1,373

 

(1,983

)

4,091

 

(2,192

)

(1,070

)

219

 

Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

150

 

(117

)

(702

)

14

 

(80

)

(735

)

Income (loss) attributable to Vale’s stockholders

 

1,223

 

(1,866

)

4,793

 

(2,206

)

(990

)

954

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales classified by geographic area:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

America, except United States and Brazil

 

1,529

 

7

 

3,230

 

89

 

45

 

4,900

 

United States of America

 

55

 

 

2,590

 

 

565

 

3,210

 

Europe

 

9,115

 

275

 

6,105

 

207

 

30

 

15,732

 

Middle East/Africa/Oceania

 

3,794

 

259

 

350

 

7

 

 

4,410

 

Japan

 

6,031

 

453

 

2,030

 

 

16

 

8,530

 

China

 

28,077

 

178

 

1,507

 

 

 

29,762

 

Asia, except Japan and China

 

5,170

 

550

 

1,934

 

130

 

1

 

7,785

 

Brazil

 

6,624

 

18

 

391

 

5,223

 

1,690

 

13,946

 

Net operating revenue

 

60,395

 

1,740

 

18,137

 

5,656

 

2,347

 

88,275

 

 

17



Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31, 2013

 

 

 

Ferrous
minerals

 

Coal

 

Base metals

 

Fertilizers

 

Others

 

Total

 

Results

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net operating revenue

 

75,668

 

2,188

 

15,746

 

6,038

 

1,850

 

101,490

 

Cost and expenses

 

(30,329

)

(3,228

)

(12,256

)

(6,190

)

(2,296

)

(54,299

)

Impairment of non-current assets and onerous contracts

 

(427

)

 

 

(4,963

)

 

(5,390

)

Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets

 

 

 

(508

)

 

 

(508

)

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

(3,787

)

(373

)

(3,792

)

(928

)

(73

)

(8,953

)

Operating income (loss)

 

41,125

 

(1,413

)

(810

)

(6,043

)

(519

)

32,340

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial result

 

(18,917

)

96

 

(177

)

(195

)

751

 

(18,442

)

Results on sale or disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures

 

 

 

 

65

 

33

 

98

 

Equity results in associates and joint ventures

 

1,322

 

91

 

(53

)

 

(361

)

999

 

Income taxes

 

(16,025

)

616

 

144

 

115

 

(99

)

(15,249

)

Net income (loss)

 

7,505

 

(610

)

(896

)

(6,058

)

(195

)

(254

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

(83

)

(82

)

(115

)

30

 

(123

)

(373

)

Income (loss) attributable to Vale’s stockholders

 

7,588

 

(528

)

(781

)

(6,088

)

(72

)

119

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales classified by geographic area:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

America, except United States and Brazil

 

1,575

 

1

 

2,247

 

132

 

21

 

3,976

 

United States of America

 

68

 

 

2,297

 

 

458

 

2,823

 

Europe

 

12,780

 

177

 

5,734

 

255

 

 

18,946

 

Middle East/Africa/Oceania

 

4,002

 

297

 

204

 

36

 

 

4,539

 

Japan

 

6,859

 

649

 

1,340

 

 

 

8,848

 

China

 

39,074

 

351

 

1,839

 

 

 

41,264

 

Asia, except Japan and China

 

5,074

 

673

 

1,914

 

137

 

1

 

7,799

 

Brazil

 

6,236

 

40

 

171

 

5,478

 

1,370

 

13,295

 

Net operating revenue

 

75,668

 

2,188

 

15,746

 

6,038

 

1,850

 

101,490

 

 

d)   Investment, intangible and property, plant and equipment by geographic area

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Investments

 

Intangible

 

Property,
plant and
equipment

 

Total

 

Investments

 

Intangible

 

Property,
plant and
equipment

 

Total

 

Brazil

 

9,403

 

12,825

 

125,697

 

147,925

 

9,059

 

11,633

 

108,826

 

129,518

 

Canada

 

8

 

7,964

 

41,346

 

49,318

 

11

 

6,248

 

46,424

 

52,683

 

America, except Brazil and Canada

 

613

 

 

1,781

 

2,394

 

489

 

 

1,730

 

2,219

 

Europe

 

 

 

2,375

 

2,375

 

 

 

1,674

 

1,674

 

Asia

 

1,433

 

 

20,378

 

21,811

 

903

 

 

18,707

 

19,610

 

Australia

 

 

 

290

 

290

 

 

233

 

2,061

 

2,294

 

New Caledonia

 

 

 

13,749

 

13,749

 

 

 

10,996

 

10,996

 

Mozambique

 

 

 

1,727

 

1,727

 

 

 

14,280

 

14,280

 

Oman

 

 

 

3,916

 

3,916

 

 

 

2,808

 

2,808

 

Other regions

 

24

 

 

 

24

 

516

 

 

1

 

517

 

Total

 

11,481

 

20,789

 

211,259

 

243,529

 

10,978

 

18,114

 

207,507

 

236,599

 

 

18



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4.         Relevant event — Dam failure at Samarco Mineração S.A. (“Samarco”)

 

On November 5, 2015, Samarco experienced the failure of an iron ore tailings dam (Fundão) in the state of Minas Gerais - Brazil, which affected communities and ecosystems, including the Rio Doce river.

 

Following the dam failure, the state government of Minas Gerais ordered the suspension of Samarco’s operations. Samarco has been working together with the authorities in order to meet the legal and social requirements to mitigate the environmental and social impacts of the event.

 

a)   Accounting effects at the investment due to the dam failure

 

Samarco is a Brazilian entity jointly controlled by Vale and BHP Billiton Brasil Ltda. (“BHP”), in which each shareholder has a 50% ownership interest.

 

As a consequence of the dam failure, Samarco incurred expenses, wrote off assets and recognized provisions for remediation, which affected its balance sheet and income statement.  Because Samarco is a joint venture, the effects of the dam failure are accounted for under equity method by Vale, in which the balance sheet and income statement impact is limited to Vale´s interest in Samarco´s capital as per the Brazilian Corporation Law.  The dam failure had no effect on Vale’s cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2015.

 

The accounting impact of the investment in Samarco in Vale’s financial statements, including the effects of the dam failure, are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Investments

 

Accounts receivable

 

Related parties

 

Total

 

Balance on December 31, 2014

 

533

 

63

 

822

 

1,418

 

Equity results on income statement

 

(533

)

 

 

(533

)

Dividends received

 

 

 

(459

)

(459

)

Royalties declared

 

 

120

 

 

120

 

Royalties received

 

 

(36

)

 

(36

)

Transfers

 

510

 

(147

)

(363

)

 

Impairment (note 15)

 

(510

)

 

 

(510

)

Balance on December 31, 2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

Under Brazilian legislation and the terms of the joint venture agreement, Vale does not have an obligation to provide funding to Samarco. Additionally, Vale has not received any requests for financial assistance from Samarco. As a result, Vale’s investment in Samarco was reduced to zero and no liability was recognized in Vale’s financial statements. The accounting impact of any future request for funding will be determined when it occurs.

 

b)   Social and environmental remediation - In 2015, Samarco recognized provisions for social and environmental remediation based on current available information. There is a high degree of uncertainty in these provisions since the impact of environmental and social economic assessment is at an early stage.  Eventual unrecognized obligations, considered as contingent liabilities, and future possible exposures, including timing of payments cannot be reliably measured. The key assumptions used in the provision will be reviewed periodically considering the assessment of damage progress, which could results in a material change to the amount of Samarco’s provision in future reporting periods. In addition, the remediation activities have been submitted to the regulators and other government authorities and are still subject to their approval.

 

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c)   Contingencies - In December 2015, the Federal Government, the States of Minas Gerais and Espirito Santo and other entities jointly brought a public civil action against Samarco and its shareholders, Vale and BHP. The plaintiffs seek approximately R$20.2 billion in damages and a number of measures to remediate alleged damages caused by the Fundão dam failure. Due to the preliminary stage of the proceedings, it is not possible to provide a range of possible outcomes or a reliable estimate of potential future exposure for Vale in relation to this claim. In addition, Samarco and its shareholders are named as a defendant in several other lawsuits brought by individuals, corporations and governmental entities seeking damages for personal injury, wrongful death, commercial or economic injury, breach of contract and violations of statutes. Because these pending lawsuits are at the very early stages, it is not possible to determine a range of outcomes or reliable estimates of the potential exposure at this time. Therefore, no provision has been recognized and no contingent liability has been quantified.

 

Vale S.A. and certain of its officers have been named as defendants in civil class action suits in federal court in New York brought by holders of Vale’s securities under U.S. federal securities laws.  The lawsuits allege that Vale made false and misleading statements or omitted to make disclosures concerning the risks and dangers of the operations of Samarco's Fundão dam and assert other causes of action against the defendants for the ownership in and supervision of the Fundão dam.  The plaintiffs have not specified an amount of alleged damages in these actions.  Vale has notified its insurers of the dam failure event and related civil complaints.  Vale intends to defend these actions and mount a full defense against the allegations. The litigation is at a very early stage.  Service has not been completed on all defendants, no lead plaintiff or lead plaintiffs' attorney has been named, and no schedule has been established for the filing of any responses, motions or answers.  As a consequence of the preliminary nature of these suits, it is not possible to determine a range of outcomes or reliable estimates of the potential exposure at this time, and no provision has been recognized.

 

d)   Insurance - Samarco is negotiating with insurers under its operational risk, general liability and engineering risk policies, but these negotiations are still at a preliminary stage. Any payment of insurance proceeds will depend on the coverage definitions under these policies and assessment of the amount of loss.  In light of the uncertainties, no indemnification was recognized in Samarco’s financial statements.

 

5.                            Assets held for sale

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Nacala

 

Energy

 

Nacala

 

Total

 

Assets held for sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

13

 

 

21

 

21

 

Other current assets

 

522

 

 

417

 

417

 

Investments

 

 

 

233

 

 

233

 

Intangible assets, net

 

83

 

 

 

 

Property, plant and equipment, net

 

15,174

 

1,268

 

7,730

 

8,998

 

Total assets

 

15,792

 

1,501

 

8,168

 

9,669

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities associated with assets held for sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Suppliers and contractors

 

365

 

 

143

 

143

 

Other current liabilities

 

51

 

 

151

 

151

 

Total liabilities

 

416

 

 

294

 

294

 

Net assets held for sale

 

15,376

 

1,501

 

7,874

 

9,375

 

 

a)        Coal - Nacala logistic corridor (“Nacala”) - In December 2014, the Company signed an agreement with Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (“Mitsui”) to sell 50% of its stake of 70% in the Nacala corridor. Nacala is a combination of railroad and port concessions under construction located in Mozambique and Malawi. After completion of the transaction, Vale will share control of Nacala with Mitsui and therefore will not consolidate the assets, liabilities and results of those entities. The assets and liabilities were classified as assets held for sale with no impact in the income statement. As at December 2015, completion of the transaction remains dependent upon certain conditions. The Company remains committed to its plan to sell its 50% interest.

 

b)        Other - Energy generation assets - In December 2013, the Company signed agreements with CEMIG Geração e Transmissão S.A. (“CEMIG GT”), as follows:

 

(i) A new entity Aliança Norte Participações S.A., was incorporated and Vale contributed its 9% investment in Norte Energia S.A. (“Norte Energia”), which is the company in charge of construction and operation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric facility. Vale committed to sell 49% and share control of the new entity to CEMIG GT. In the first quarter of 2015, after receiving all regulatory approvals and other customary precedent conditions the Company concluded the transaction and received cash proceeds of R$306, recognizing a gain of R$55 as result on sale or disposal of investment in associates and joint ventures (note 6).

 

(ii) A new entity Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. (“Aliança Geração”) was incorporated and Vale committed to contribute its shares over several power generation assets which use to supply energy for the Company’s operations. In exchange, CEMIG GT committed to contribute its stakes in some of its power generation assets.  In the first quarter of 2015, after receiving all regulatory approvals and other customary precedent conditions, the exchange of assets was completed and Vale holds 55% and shares control of the new entity with CEMIG GT. A long term contract was signed between Vale and Aliança Geração for the energy supply. Due to the completion of this transaction, the Company (i) derecognized the assets held for sale related to this transaction; (ii) recognized as investment its share in the joint venture Aliança Geração; and (iii) recognized a gain of R$546 as results on measurement or sales of non-current assets (note 6) based on the fair value of the assets transferred by CEMIG GT. This transaction has no cash proceeds or disbursements.

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

6.                            Acquisitions and divestitures

 

The effects of divestitures in the income statement are presented as follow:

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shipping assets

 

(494

)

 

 

 

 

Energy generation assets (note 5)

 

546

 

 

 

546

 

 

Mineral rights - CoW Indonesia (note 29(a))

 

 

(441

)

 

 

 

Sociedad Contractual Minera Tres Valles

 

 

 

(508

)

 

 

 

 

52

 

(441

)

(508

)

546

 

 

Results on sale or disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shandong Yankuang International Coking Co., Ltd.

 

241

 

 

 

 

 

Energy generation assets (note 5)

 

55

 

 

 

55

 

 

Vale Florestar Fundo de Investimento em Participações

 

 

(68

)

 

 

(68

)

Log-in Logística Intermodal S.A.

 

 

 

33

 

 

 

Fosbrasil S.A.

 

 

 

65

 

 

 

 

 

296

 

(68

)

98

 

55

 

(68

)

Financial income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Norsk Hydro ASA

 

 

 

491

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

491

 

 

 

 

2015

 

a)        Divestiture of participation in Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. (“MBR”) - The Company and Fundo de Investimento em Participações Multisetorial Plus II, whose shares are held by Banco Bradesco BBI S.A. (related party), completed the sale of class A preferred shares of MBR, representing 36.4% of its share capital. The Company received cash proceeds of R$4 billion and will keep a stake of 62.5% of the total capital of MBR, maintaining its stake in ordinary capital at 98.3%. The participation and rights of the new shareholder were recognized as noncontrolling interest in stockholders’ equity.

 

b)        Divestiture of shipping assets - The Company completed the sale of 12 very large ore carriers with capacity of 400,000 tons each. The Company received cash proceeds of R$4,770 and recognized a loss of R$494 as results on measurement or sale of non-current assets.

 

c)         Integra and Isaac Plains mining complexes - The Company signed agreements to sell its participation in the Integra and Isaac Plains mining complexes which were put into care and maintenance in 2014 (note 15). The transaction had no impact in cash flow.

 

d)        Divestiture of Shandong Yankuang International Coking Co., Ltd. (“Yankuang”) - The Company completed the sale of its participation in Yankuang, a producer of coking coal, methanol and other products. In this transaction, Vale recognized a gain of R$241 as results on sale or disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures.

 

e)         Divestiture of VBG-Vale BSGR Limited (“VBG”) - VBG is the holding company which held the Simandou mining rights located in Guinea. In April 2014, the Government of Guinea revoked VBG mining rights, without any finding of wrongdoing by Vale. During 2014, as a result of the loss of the mining rights, Vale recognized full impairment of the assets related to VBG (note 15). During the first quarter of 2015, the Company sold its stake in VBG to its partner in the project and kept the right to any recoverable amount it may derive from the Simandou project. The transaction had no impact on cash or in the income statement.

 

f)          Acquisition of Facon Construção e Mineração S.A. (“Facon”) - The Company acquired all shares of Facon, a wholly owned subsidiary of Fagundes Construção e Mineração S.A. (“FCM”). FCM is a logistic service provider for Vale Fertilizantes S.A. The Facon business was carved out from FCM with assets and liabilities directly related to the fertilizer business being transferred to Vale Fertilizantes S.A. The purchase price allocation based on the fair value of acquired assets and liabilities was calculated based on studies performed by the Company. Subsequently, Facon was merged into Vale Fertilizantes S.A.

 

Purchase price

 

237

 

Book value of property, plant and equipment

 

203

 

Book value of other assets acquired and liabilities assumed, net

 

(182

)

Adjustment to fair value of property, plant and equipment and mining rights

 

114

 

Goodwill

 

102

 

 

21



Table of Contents

 

 

2014

 

g)             Divestiture of Vale Florestar Fundo de Investimento em Participações (“Vale Florestar”) - The Company signed an agreement with a subsidiary of Suzano Papel e Celulose S.A. for the sale of its entire stake in Vale Florestar. A loss on this transaction of R$68 was recorded as a result on sale or disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures in 2014.

 

2013

 

h)             Divestitures of Sociedad Contractual Minera Tres Valles (“Tres Valles”) - The Company sold its total participation in Tres Valles for US$58. On this transaction, Vale recognized a loss of R$508 presented in the income statement as results on measurement or sale of non-current assets of the year ended as at December 31, 2013. The total loss includes an amount of R$13 transferred from cumulative translation adjustments.

 

i)                Divestitures of Log-In Logística Intermodal S.A. (“Log-in”) - Vale conducted an auction to sell its common shares of Log-in. All the shares were sold for R$233 and a gain of R$33 on this transaction was recorded in the income statement as result on sale or disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures for the year ended as at December 31, 2013.

 

j)                Divestitures of Fosbrasil S.A. (“Fosbrasil”) - The Company entered into an agreement to sale its minority participation in the associate Fosbrasil, producer of purified phosphoric acid, for R$105. On this transaction, Vale recognized a gain of R$65 presented in the income statement as result on sale or disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures for the year ended as at December 31, 2013.

 

k)             Divestitures of Norsk Hydro ASA (“Hydro”) - The Company sold its Hydro common shares for R$4,218. As result of this operation, the Company recognized a gain of R$491 in the income statement as financial income for the year ended as at December 31, 2013, as below:

 

Balance on the date of sale

 

4,309

 

Cumulative translation adjustment

 

(952

)

Results on available for sale investment

 

370

 

 

 

3,727

 

Amount received

 

4,218

 

Gain on sale

 

491

 

 

7.                            Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and bank deposits

 

7,881

 

5,601

 

77

 

41

 

Short-term investments

 

6,141

 

4,954

 

441

 

644

 

 

 

14,022

 

10,555

 

518

 

685

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash, immediately redeemable deposits and short-term investments with an insignificant risk of change in value. They are readily convertible to cash, part in R$, indexed to the Brazilian Interbank Interest rate (“DI Rate”or”CDI”) and part denominated in US$, mainly time deposits.

 

8.                            Accounts receivable

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade receivables

 

5,988

 

8,930

 

36,107

 

30,675

 

Provision for doubtful debts

 

(225

)

(230

)

(81

)

(76

)

 

 

5,763

 

8,700

 

36,026

 

30,599

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade receivables related to the steel sector - %

 

75.32

%

77.79

%

88.83

%

93.98

%

Reversal (provision) for doubtful debts recorded in the income statement

 

44

 

(34

)

(9

)

(4

)

Trade receivables write-offs recorded in the income statement

 

(18

)

(14

)

(5

)

(1

)

 

Trade receivables by segments are presented in note 3(b). No individual customer represents over 10% of receivables or revenues.

 

22



Table of Contents

 

 

9.                            Inventories

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

 

 

2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Product inventory

 

9,968

 

8,845

 

2,655

 

2,436

 

Consumable inventory

 

3,807

 

3,111

 

1,175

 

1,219

 

Total

 

13,775

 

11,956

 

3,830

 

3,655

 

 

Product inventories by segments are presented in note 3(b).

 

As at December 31, 2015 product inventory is stated net of provisions for nickel, coal, phosphate, manganese and iron ore in the amount of R$275 (R$50 as at December 31, 2014), R$1,652 (R$757 as at December 31, 2014), R$8 (R$0 as at December 31, 2014), R$16 (R$0 as at December 31, 2014) and R$72 (R$0 as at December 31, 2014), respectively.

 

10.                     Recoverable taxes

 

Recoverable taxes are presented net of provisions for losses on tax credits.

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Value-added tax

 

2,949

 

2,806

 

1,291

 

1,189

 

Brazilian federal contributions

 

4,392

 

2,682

 

3,480

 

2,006

 

Others

 

97

 

91

 

38

 

58

 

Total

 

7,438

 

5,579

 

4,809

 

3,253

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

5,482

 

4,515

 

3,352

 

2,687

 

Non-current

 

1,956

 

1,064

 

1,457

 

566

 

Total

 

7,438

 

5,579

 

4,809

 

3,253

 

 

11.                     Investments

 

Changes in investments are as follows:

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

Balance at beginning of the year

 

10,978

 

8,397

 

13,044

 

128,615

 

123,370

 

Acquisitions (i)

 

1,836

 

 

 

1,818

 

 

Additions

 

90

 

509

 

784

 

5,265

 

2,565

 

Capitalizations

 

965

 

 

 

 

 

Disposals (ii)

 

241

 

 

(229

)

(4,000

)

 

Translation adjustment

 

642

 

189

 

(50

)

34,229

 

8,302

 

Equity results on income statement

 

(1,507

)

1,141

 

999

 

(36,864

)

(13,026

)

Equity results on statement of comprehensive income and others

 

(21

)

(5

)

(406

)

(460

)

(1,537

)

Dividends declared

 

(271

)

(1,959

)

(1,649

)

(835

)

(3,095

)

Impairment (note 15)

 

(1,727

)

(71

)

 

(510

)

(71

)

Transfer to held for sale - Others (iii)

 

 

2,596

 

(4,096

)

(30

)

2,596

 

Goodwill from intangible assets (Note 11)

 

 

 

 

 

9,987

 

Other

 

255

 

181

 

 

289

 

(476

)

Balance at end of the year

 

11,481

 

10,978

 

8,397

 

127,517

 

128,615

 

 


(i)

Includes Aliança Geração transaction, see note 5.

(ii)

In consolidated refers to Yankuang, see note 6, for the year ended December 31, 2015.

(iii)

Refers to Vale Florestar and VLI for the year ended as at December 31, 2014 and Hydro for the year ended as at December 31, 2013.

 

23



Table of Contents

 

 

Investments (continued)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investments

 

Equity results in net income

 

Dividends received (v)

 

 

 

 

 

% voting

 

As at December 31

 

Year ended December 31

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

% ownership

 

capital

 

2015

 

2014

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

Subsidiaries

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aços Laminados do Pará S.A.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

339

 

332

 

 

 

(5

)

 

 

 

Biopalma da Amazônia S.A.

 

93.90

 

93.90

 

436

 

646

 

(593

)

(267

)

(219

)

 

 

 

Companhia Portuária da Baía de Sepetiba

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

531

 

385

 

456

 

349

 

259

 

188

 

341

 

263

 

Compañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C.

 

40.00

 

51.00

 

679

 

563

 

20

 

10

 

20

 

83

 

 

81

 

Mineração Corumbaense Reunida S.A.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

46

 

1,150

 

(1,184

)

394

 

351

 

147

 

456

 

279

 

Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A.

 

58.93

 

98.32

 

6,549

 

5,201

 

557

 

225

 

(211

)

324

 

 

341

 

Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. - Goodwill

 

 

 

4,060

 

4,060

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Potássio Rio Colorado S.A.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

42

 

1,474

 

5

 

(78

)

(5,883

)

 

 

 

Salobo Metais S.A.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

8,166

 

7,591

 

696

 

142

 

(68

)

 

 

 

Vale International Holdings GmbH

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

13,359

 

7,283

 

2,069

 

(4,238

)

(126

)

 

 

 

Vale Canada Holdings Inc.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

6,206

 

5,127

 

(21

)

(20

)

(16

)

 

 

 

Vale Canada Limited

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

16,794

 

21,769

 

(18,189

)

(566

)

(1,798

)

 

 

 

Vale Fertilizantes S.A.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

14,842

 

13,342

 

(780

)

(2,042

)

(189

)

 

 

 

Vale International S.A.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

25,182

 

21,212

 

(3,056

)

(8,248

)

3,921

 

 

 

 

Vale Malaysia Minerals Sdn. Bhd.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

4,201

 

3,251

 

(467

)

(100

)

70

 

 

 

 

Vale Manganês S.A.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

676

 

721

 

(45

)

57

 

(22

)

 

 

 

Vale Mina do Azul S.A.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

 

 

 

88

 

163

 

 

19

 

 

Vale Moçambique S.A.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

2,108

 

14,480

 

(13,942

)

(378

)

(73

)

 

 

 

Vale Shipping Holding Pte. Ltd.

 

100.00

 

100.00

 

10,945

 

7,432

 

(99

)

528

 

379

 

 

 

 

Others

 

 

 

 

 

875

 

1,618

 

(784

)

(23

)

529

 

538

 

93

 

72

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

116,036

 

117,637

 

(35,357

)

(14,167

)

(2,918

)

1,280

 

909

 

1,036

 

Joint ventures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. (i)

 

55.00

 

55.00

 

1,876

 

 

173

 

 

 

115

 

 

 

Aliança Norte Energia Participações S.A. (i)

 

51.00

 

51.00

 

316

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

California Steel Industries, Inc.

 

50.00

 

50.00

 

613

 

489

 

(90

)

27

 

44

 

 

 

 

Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

50.00

 

50.00

 

242

 

228

 

85

 

72

 

42

 

67

 

39

 

47

 

Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização (i)

 

50.89

 

51.00

 

222

 

213

 

50

 

60

 

3

 

44

 

25

 

20

 

Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização (i)

 

50.90

 

51.00

 

194

 

162

 

69

 

60

 

15

 

36

 

13

 

 

Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização (i)

 

51.00

 

51.11

 

406

 

378

 

152

 

152

 

40

 

102

 

114

 

51

 

Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém (ii)

 

50.00

 

50.00

 

879

 

1,925

 

(1,047

)

(101

)

(24

)

 

 

 

Minas da Serra Geral S.A. (vi)

 

50.00

 

50.00

 

50

 

53

 

(1

)

2

 

 

 

 

 

MRS Logística S.A.

 

48.16

 

46.75

 

1,436

 

1,355

 

143

 

179

 

222

 

87

 

108

 

149

 

Norte Energia S.A. (ii) (iii)

 

 

 

 

241

 

 

(28

)

(4

)

 

 

 

Samarco Mineração S.A. (iv)

 

50.00

 

50.00

 

 

533

 

(533

)

884

 

1,069

 

459

 

906

 

1,323

 

Others

 

 

 

 

 

92

 

43

 

(4

)

11

 

(23

)

2

 

1

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,326

 

5,620

 

(1,007

)

1,318

 

1,384

 

912

 

1,206

 

1,592

 

Associates

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Henan Longyu Energy Resources Co., Ltd.

 

25.00

 

25.00

 

1,194

 

943

 

(13

)

76

 

91

 

109

 

75

 

90

 

Mineração Rio Grande do Norte S.A.

 

40.00

 

40.00

 

364

 

243

 

144

 

17

 

21

 

12

 

21

 

39

 

Teal Minerals Inc.

 

50.00

 

50.00

 

 

514

 

(482

)

(81

)

(53

)

 

 

 

Thyssenkrupp Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico Ltd.

 

26.87

 

26.87

 

 

545

 

(274

)

(142

)

(351

)

 

 

 

VLI S.A.

 

37.60

 

37.60

 

3,038

 

2,945

 

156

 

114

 

 

25

 

 

 

Zhuhai YPM Pellet Co.

 

25.00

 

25.00

 

92

 

64

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

 

 

 

Others

 

 

 

 

 

467

 

104

 

(32

)

(162

)

(94

)

6

 

 

115

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,155

 

5,358

 

(500

)

(177

)

(385

)

152

 

96

 

244

 

Total of joint ventures and associates

 

 

 

 

 

11,481

 

10,978

 

(1,507

)

1,141

 

999

 

1,064

 

1,302

 

1,836

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

127,517

 

128,615

 

(36,864

)

(13,026

)

(1,919

)

2,344

 

2,211

 

2,872

 

 


(i)

Although the Company held majority of the voting capital, the entities are accounted under equity method due to shareholders agreements.

(ii)

Pre-operational stage.

(iii)

The Company’s interest in Norte Energia S.A. is indirectly owned by Aliança Norte Energia Participações S.A. (note 5).

(iv)

Note 4.

(v)

Dividends received by the Parent Company during the years ended at December 31, 2015 and 2014 were R$1,972 and R$2,052, respectively.

(vi)

The Company offered R$51 to acquire the additional 50% interest. The transaction is expected to be completed in 2016.

 

24



Table of Contents

 

 

The information (100% basis) about relevant subsidiaries with noncontrolling interest (in which other investors have participation in the Group’s activities), associates and joint-ventures are as follows:

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

 

 

Assets

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

Current

 

Non-
current

 

Stockholders’
equity

 

Dividends
paid

 

Net income (loss)

 

Subsidiaries that have noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A.

 

2,901

 

11,372

 

733

 

608

 

12,932

 

324

 

911

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Associates and joint ventures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aliança Geração de Energia S.A.

 

255

 

3,572

 

138

 

277

 

3,412

 

209

 

314

 

Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém

 

1,036

 

11,937

 

2,060

 

9,156

 

1,757

 

 

(2,094

)

Henan Longyu Energy Resources Co., Ltd.

 

3,447

 

2,065

 

421

 

311

 

4,780

 

436

 

(51

)

MRS Logística S.A.

 

1,263

 

6,674

 

1,529

 

3,426

 

2,982

 

144

 

297

 

VLI S.A.

 

1,963

 

11,597

 

1,994

 

3,486

 

8,080

 

72

 

414

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Assets

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

Current

 

Non-
current

 

Stockholders’
equity

 

Dividends
paid

 

Net income (loss)

 

Subsidiaries that have noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A.

 

1,150

 

6,758

 

649

 

1,073

 

6,186

 

 

350

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Associates and joint ventures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aliança Geração de Energia S.A.

 

 

 

 

1

 

(1

)

 

(1

)

Henan Longyu Energy Resources Co., Ltd.

 

3,053

 

1,285

 

173

 

392

 

3,773

 

300

 

305

 

MRS Logística S.A.

 

811

 

6,367

 

1,103

 

3,227

 

2,848

 

223

 

376

 

VLI S.A.

 

1,947

 

8,985

 

1,708

 

1,389

 

7,835

 

 

303

 

 

12.                     Noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

Stockholder’s equity

 

Gain (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

Balance on

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

December 31,
2015

 

December 31,
2014

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

Biopalma da Amazônia S.A.

 

24

 

91

 

(73

)

(81

)

(94

)

Compañia Mineradora Miski Mayo S.A.C.

 

1,018

 

753

 

31

 

14

 

30

 

Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A.

 

5,311

 

104

 

255

 

6

 

(1

)

PT Vale Indonesia Tbk

 

2,894

 

1,955

 

19

 

156

 

39

 

Vale Nouvelle Caledonie S.A.S.

 

214

 

467

 

(1,054

)

(845

)

(147

)

Vale Oman Pelletizing LLC

 

262

 

179

 

22

 

17

 

25

 

Outros

 

(1,464

)

(362

)

(984

)

(2

)

(225

)

 

 

8,259

 

3,187

 

(1,784

)

(735

)

(373

)

 

25



Table of Contents

 

 

13.                     Intangibles

 

Changes in intangibles are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Indefinite useful
life

 

Finite useful life

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill (i)

 

Concessions

 

Right of use (ii)

 

Software

 

Total

 

Balance on December 31, 2013

 

9,698

 

4,466

 

594

 

1,338

 

16,096

 

Additions

 

 

2,005

 

259

 

579

 

2,843

 

Disposals

 

 

(17

)

 

 

(17

)

Amortization

 

 

(578

)

(89

)

(455

)

(1,122

)

Impairment (note 15)

 

(1,223

)

 

 

 

(1,223

)

Translation adjustment

 

208

 

 

25

 

 

233

 

Others

 

1,304

 

 

 

 

1,304

 

Total

 

9,987

 

5,876

 

789

 

1,462

 

18,114

 

Cost

 

9,987

 

9,086

 

1,375

 

3,603

 

24,051

 

Accumulated amortization

 

 

(3,210

)

(586

)

(2,141

)

(5,937

)

Balance on December 31, 2014

 

9,987

 

5,876

 

789

 

1,462

 

18,114

 

Additions

 

 

1,770

 

 

397

 

2,167

 

Disposals

 

 

(64

)

 

 

(1

)

(65

)

Amortization

 

 

(498

)

(141

)

(508

)

(1,147

)

Impairment (note 15)

 

(314

)

 

 

 

(314

)

Translation adjustment

 

1,769

 

 

163

 

 

1,932

 

Acquisition of subsidiary (note 6(f))

 

102

 

 

 

 

102

 

Total

 

11,544

 

7,084

 

811

 

1,350

 

20,789

 

Cost

 

11,544

 

10,109

 

1,814

 

3,997

 

27,464

 

Accumulated amortization

 

 

(3,025

)

(1,003

)

(2,647

)

(6,675

)

Balance on December 31, 2015

 

11,544

 

7,084

 

811

 

1,350

 

20,789

 

 


(i)             Goodwill is allocated mainly in iron ore and nickel segments in the amount of R$4,060 e R$7,276, respectively.

(ii)          Refers to the usufruct contract between the Company and noncontrolling stockholders to use the shares of Empreendimentos Brasileiros de Mineração S.A. (owner of Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. shares) and intangible assets identified in the business combination of Vale Canada Limited (“Vale Canada”). The amortization of the right of use will expire in 2037 and Vale Canada’s intangible assets will end in September of 2046. The concessions refer to the agreements with the Brazilian government for the exploration and the development of ports and railways, respectively.

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Indefinite useful
life

 

Finite useful life

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill

 

Concessions

 

Right of use

 

Software

 

Total

 

Balance on December 31, 2013

 

9,698

 

4,466

 

134

 

1,338

 

15,636

 

Additions

 

 

2,005

 

 

579

 

2,584

 

Disposals

 

 

(17

)

 

 

(17

)

Amortization

 

 

(578

)

(5

)

(455

)

(1,038

)

Impairment (note 15)

 

(1,223

)

 

 

 

(1,223

)

Translation adjustment

 

208

 

 

 

 

208

 

Reclassification to investments (i)

 

(9,987

)

 

 

 

(9,987

)

Others

 

1,304

 

 

 

 

1,304

 

Total

 

 

5,876

 

129

 

1,462

 

7,467

 

Cost

 

 

9,086

 

223

 

3,603

 

12,912

 

Accumulated amortization

 

 

(3,210

)

(94

)

(2,141

)

(5,445

)

Balance on December 31, 2014

 

 

5,876

 

129

 

1,462

 

7,467

 

Additions

 

 

1,770

 

 

397

 

2,167

 

Disposals

 

 

(64

)

 

(1

)

(65

)

Amortization

 

 

(498

)

(6

)

(508

)

(1,012

)

Total

 

 

7,084

 

123

 

1,350

 

8,557

 

Cost

 

 

10,109

 

224

 

3,997

 

14,330

 

Accumulated amortization

 

 

(3,025

)

(101

)

(2,647

)

(5,773

)

Balance on December 31, 2015

 

 

7,084

 

123

 

1,350

 

8,557

 

 


(i)        The Parent Company reclassified the total amount of the goodwill from intangible assets to investments for a better presentation of its financial statements, according to the account practices implemented in Brazil. This reclassification in the non-current assets did not impact the stockholders’ equity and the net income of the Parent Company as at December 31, 2014.

 

26



Table of Contents

 

 

14.                     Property, plant and equipment

 

The net book value of consolidated property, plant and equipment pledged to secure judicial claims on December 31, 2015 and 2014 were R$174 and R$179, respectively. For the parent company at December 31, 2015 and 2014 corresponds to R$173 and R$179, respectively.

 

Changes in property, plant and equipment are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Land

 

Building

 

Facilities

 

Equipment

 

Mineral
properties

 

Others

 

Constructions
in progress

 

Total

 

Balance on December 31, 2013

 

2,215

 

18,236

 

25,622

 

19,689

 

38,129

 

24,642

 

62,775

 

191,308

 

Additions (i)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

27,107

 

27,107

 

Disposals (ii)

 

(8

)

(113

)

(24

)

(18

)

(665

)

(70

)

(567

)

(1,465

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

(1,053

)

(1,945

)

(2,413

)

(2,576

)

(1,994

)

 

(9,981

)

Transfer to non-current assets held for sale

 

 

 

(27

)

(129

)

(225

)

(6)

 

(7,344

)

(7,731

)

Impairment (note 15)

 

 

1,407

 

(124

)

296

 

(2,978

)

(43

)

(48

)

(1,490

)

Translation adjustment

 

153

 

(413

)

(536

)

2,208

 

5,595

 

(972

)

3,724

 

9,759

 

Transfers

 

479

 

12,891

 

5,755

 

5,036

 

2,374

 

7,538

 

(34,073

)

 

Total

 

2,839

 

30,955

 

28,721

 

24,669

 

39,654

 

29,095

 

51,574

 

207,507

 

Cost

 

2,839

 

37,569

 

41,831

 

38,200

 

55,687

 

39,543

 

51,574

 

267,243

 

Accumulated depreciation

 

 

(6,614

)

(13,110

)

(13,531

)

(16,033

)

(10,448

)

 

(59,736

)

Balance on December 31, 2014

 

2,839

 

30,955

 

28,721

 

24,669

 

39,654

 

29,095

 

51,574

 

207,507

 

Additions (i)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

32,370

 

32,370

 

Disposals

 

(11

)

(27

)

(141

)

(290

)

(438

)

(5,395

)

(83

)

(6,385

)

Disposal of asset retirament obligation

 

 

 

 

 

(1,294

)

 

 

(1,294

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

(1,823

)

(2,349

)

(3,519

)

(2,869

)

(2,557

)

 

(13,117

)

Transfer to non-current assets held for sale

 

 

 

 

 

(504

)

 

 

(504

)

Impairment (note 15)

 

(49

)

(7,028

)

(3,221

)

(4,228

)

(3,775

)

(7,872

)

(6,684

)

(32,857

)

Translation adjustment

 

222

 

3,258

 

1,947

 

5,207

 

8,492

 

4,711

 

1,385

 

25,222

 

Transfers

 

(12

)

10,203

 

7,421

 

6,692

 

968

 

9,837

 

(35,109

)

 

Acquisition of subsidiary (note 6(f))

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

316

 

 

317

 

Total

 

2,989

 

35,538

 

32,378

 

28,532

 

40,234

 

28,135

 

43,453

 

211,259

 

Cost

 

2,989

 

53,522

 

51,357

 

47,757

 

66,592

 

41,459

 

43,453

 

307,129

 

Accumulated depreciation

 

 

(17,984

)

(18,979

)

(19,225

)

(26,358

)

(13,324

)

 

(95,870

)

Balance on December 31, 2015

 

2,989

 

35,538

 

32,378

 

28,532

 

40,234

 

28,135

 

43,453

 

211,259

 

 


(i) Includes capitalized borrowing costs and asset retirement obligations, see cash flow.

(ii) Includes the disposal of CoW Indonesia (note 29(a)).

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Land

 

Building

 

Facilities

 

Equipment

 

Mineral
properties

 

Others

 

Constructions
in progress

 

Total

 

Balance on December 31, 2013

 

1,322

 

9,449

 

14,350

 

5,641

 

2,366

 

8,680

 

28,897

 

70,705

 

Additions (i)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15,841

 

15,841

 

Additions through internal development

 

 

52

 

5

 

69

 

70

 

32

 

72

 

300

 

Disposals

 

 

(23

)

(2

)

(21

)

 

(10

)

(297

)

(353

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

(350

)

(904

)

(785

)

(322

)

(1,106

)

 

(3,467

)

Impairment (note 15)

 

 

1,515

 

84

 

307

 

2,362

 

27

 

 

4,295

 

Transfers

 

130

 

2,721

 

3,804

 

1,886

 

(80

)

2,197

 

(10,658

)

 

Total

 

1,452

 

13,364

 

17,337

 

7,097

 

4,396

 

9,820

 

33,855

 

87,321

 

Cost

 

1,452

 

15,631

 

22,367

 

11,368

 

5,278

 

16,016

 

33,855

 

105,967

 

Accumulated depreciation

 

 

(2,267

)

(5,030

)

(4,271

)

(882

)

(6,196

)

 

(18,646

)

Balance on December 31, 2014

 

1,452

 

13,364

 

17,337

 

7,097

 

4,396

 

9,820

 

33,855

 

87,321

 

Additions (i)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14,328

 

14,328

 

Disposals

 

(11

)

(10

)

(19

)

(138

)

(4

)

(5

)

 

(187

)

Disposal of asset retirament obligation

 

 

 

 

 

(937

)

 

 

(937

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

(511

)

(924

)

(972

)

(341

)

(1,160

)

 

(3,908

)

Impairment (note 15)

 

 

480

 

23

 

90

 

370

 

(30

)

(663

)

270

 

Transfers

 

231

 

6,223

 

2,962

 

2,294

 

731

 

5,578

 

(18,019

)

 

Total

 

1,672

 

19,546

 

19,379

 

8,371

 

4,215

 

14,203

 

29,501

 

96,887

 

Cost

 

1,672

 

22,405

 

25,195

 

13,401

 

5,462

 

21,235

 

29,501

 

118,871

 

Accumulated depreciation

 

 

(2,859

)

(5,816

)

(5,030

)

(1,247

)

(7,032

)

 

(21,984

)

Balance on December 31, 2015

 

1,672

 

19,546

 

19,379

 

8,371

 

4,215

 

14,203

 

29,501

 

96,887

 

 


(i) Includes capitalized borrowing costs and Asset retirement obligations, see cash flow.

 

27



Table of Contents

 

 

15.                               Impairment and onerous contracts

 

According to the accounting policy described in note 31(l), the Company identified evidence of impairment in relation to certain investments in associates and joint ventures, intangible and property, plant and equipment. The following impairment charges and reversals were recorded:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impairment (reversals)

 

Segments by class of assets

 

Assets or cash-generating unit

 

Recoverable amount

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

Property, plant and equipment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iron ore

 

Midwest system

 

 

2,023

 

 

 

Iron ore

 

Simandou project

 

 

 

2,794

 

 

Iron ore

 

Others

 

 

133

 

 

 

Pellets

 

North system (stopped operations)

 

 

213

 

 

 

Pellets

 

Pelletizing asset

 

 

 

 

427

 

Pellets

 

Others

 

 

12

 

 

 

Other ferrous products and services

 

Others

 

 

80

 

 

 

Coal

 

Mozambique

 

6,751

 

9,302

 

 

 

Coal

 

Australia

 

286

 

2,146

 

787

 

 

Nickel

 

Newfoundland (VNL)

 

9,188

 

13,394

 

 

 

Nickel

 

New Caledonia (VNC)

 

14,545

 

5,660

 

628

 

 

Nickel

 

Onça Puma

 

9,102

 

(976

)

(4,295

)

 

Nickel

 

Others

 

 

102

 

 

 

Copper

 

Others

 

 

138

 

 

 

Potash

 

Potássio Rio Colorado

 

78

 

2,123

 

 

4,963

 

Phosphates

 

Phosphate

 

15,002

 

(1,515

)

1,576

 

 

Others

 

Others

 

 

22

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

32,857

 

1,490

 

5,390

 

Intangible

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Coal

 

Australia

 

 

314

 

 

 

Phosphates

 

Phosphate

 

 

 

1,223

 

 

Impairment of non-current assets

 

 

 

 

 

33,171

 

2,713

 

5,390

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Onerous contracts

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iron ore

 

Midwest system

 

 

 

1,382

 

 

 

Impairment of non-current assets and onerous contracts

 

 

 

34,553

 

2,713

 

5,390

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investments in associates and joint ventures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pellets

 

Samarco Mineração S.A.

 

 

510

 

 

 

Copper

 

Teal Minerals Inc.

 

 

1,217

 

 

 

Others

 

Vale Soluções em Energia S.A.

 

 

 

71

 

 

Impairment of investments in associates and joint ventures

 

 

1,727

 

71

 

 

 

a)        Impairment of non-current assets

 

In accordance with the Company’s accounting policy, each CGU is evaluated at each reporting period to determine whether there are any indicators of impairment. If any such indicators of impairment exist, an estimate of the recoverable amount is performed.

 

In assessing whether an impairment is required, the carrying value of the asset or CGU is compared with its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of the CGU’s fair value less costs to sell (“FVLCS”) and value in use (“ViU”). If an impairment was recognized in previous years and actual circumstances indicate that the impairment is no longer be applicable, an impairment reversal is recognized.

 

The FVLCS is calculated in each CGU and is estimated based on discounted future estimated cash flows, considering market based commodity price, the CGU five-year plans and life of mine plans, mineral reserves and mineral resources, costs and investments based on the best estimate of past performance and sale prices consistent with the projections used in reports published by industry considering the market price when available and appropriate.

 

The determination of FVLCS for each CGU are considered to be Level 3 fair value measurements, as they are derived from valuation techniques that include inputs that are not based on observable market data. The most sensitive assumptions were the discount rate and prices. All assets were tested using FVLCS model, except for North system.

 

These cash flows were discounted using a post-tax discount rate ranging from 6% to 10%. The discount rate was based on the weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) that reflected current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the CGU.

 

The price assumptions for calculating the FVLCS were a range of (in US$ per ton) 48 to 65 for iron ore, 85 to 140 for coal, 13,000 to 20,000 for nickel and 105 to 125 for phosphate.

 

28



Table of Contents

 

 

Iron ore and pellets - The Midwest system is comprised of the Corumbá mines and Paraná and Paraguay Waterway Systems.  In 2015, there was a significant restructuring of operations, which includes the reduction of production and the revision of the freight strategy. With this restructuring, the Midwest system is evaluated as an independent CGU from other iron ore operations. Until 2014, this CGU was part of the iron ore CGU. The reduction of iron ore prices and the logistics cost lead to an impairment of R$2,023. The impairment in the amount of R$213 relates to pelletizing plants that were stopped in North system.

 

For the Simandou project, Vale recognized an impairment of R$2,794 in 2014 related to the revocation of Vale’s former 51%-owned subsidiary VBG-Vale BSGR Limited (“VBG”) mining concessions in Guinea. During the first quarter of 2015, the investment was sold (note 6(e)).

 

For onerous contracts, provision is made for the present value of certain long term contracts where the unavoidable cost of meeting the Company’s obligations is expected to exceed the benefits to be received. In 2015, the Company recognized provision for losses related to fluvial freight in the amount of R$1,382 in other liabilities in the balance sheet.

 

Coal - The reduction in estimated future coal prices combined with the increase of logistics costs decreased the estimated net recoverable amount of Mozambique assets, causing an impairment of R$9,302. The Coal assets in Australia were also impacted by the prices and the revision to the future mining plans in 2015, recording an impairment of R$2,460. The impairment of R$787 registered in 2014 relates to Integra and Isaac Plans which were sold during the fourth quarter of 2015.

 

Nickel - During the impairment test for 2015, the Company identified that the indicators which caused an impairment to be recognized in previous years for Onça Puma were no longer applicable. This was mainly due to the recovery of Onça Puma’s production returning to normal operations for more than two years. Part of the impairment in the amount of R$4,295 registered in 2012 was reversed in 2014. The amount of R$976 was reversed in 2015.

 

In 2015, VNL was identified on a separate CGU (previously part of the Canada Nickel CGU) as there was a change in location of processed ore (feed of Nickel concentrate) from the VNL mine, that is now expected to be processed in Long Horbor instead of Ontario’s Sudbury operations.

 

A reduction of long term nickel price projections, that significantly reduced the recoverable values of the VNC and VNL CGUs, combined with carrying values that reflect significant capital investments in new processing facilities in recent years, resulted in an impairment loss in the amount of US$19,054 for these CGU.

 

Of the total goodwill (note 13), R$7,276, is allocated to the Nickel CGUs which was tested based on FVLCS determined using cash flows based on approved budgets and market assumptions, considering mineral reserves and resources and additional value calculated by experts, costs and investments based on the best estimate of past performance and sales nickel prices using a range from 13,000 to 20,000 (US$ per ton). Cash flows used are designed based on the life of each CGU and considering a discount rates range from 6% to 8%.

 

Fertilizers - The scenario of depreciation of the R$ against the US$ had a favorable impact on the phosphate business in Brazil in 2015, reverting the total amount of the impairment that was previously recognized during 2014 in the amount of R$1,515.

 

The majority of the remaining balance of the assets in PRC were impaired in 2015 as the management does not expect to be able to recover the amounts invested in the project. An impairment charge of R$2,123 and R$4,963 was recognized in 2015 and 2013, respectively.

 

b)        Impairment of investments in associates and joint ventures

 

In 2015, the Company recognized an impairment of R$510 in its investment in Samarco (note 4) and R$1,217 in Teal Minerals Inc. (“Teal”). Teal recognized an impairment of property, plant and equipment due to the revision of future mining plans and the decrease of the price of copper.

 

29



Table of Contents

 

 

16.                     Loans and borrowings

 

a)        Total debt

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

Non-current liabilities

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Debt contracts in the international markets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Floating rates in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US$

 

943

 

950

 

20,203

 

13,531

 

Others currencies

 

 

 

 

7

 

Fixed rates in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US$

 

4,651

 

183

 

50,463

 

35,166

 

EUR

 

 

 

6,376

 

4,841

 

Others currencies

 

56

 

 

659

 

 

Accrued charges

 

1,274

 

887

 

 

 

 

 

6,924

 

2,020

 

77,701

 

53,545

 

Debt contracts in Brazil

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Floating rates in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R$, indexed to TJLP, TR, IPCA, IGP-M and CDI

 

827

 

785

 

18,388

 

14,617

 

Basket of currencies and US$ indexed to LIBOR

 

1,133

 

561

 

5,239

 

3,623

 

Fixed rates in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R$

 

246

 

128

 

1,047

 

964

 

Accrued charges

 

658

 

274

 

503

 

 

 

 

2,864

 

1,748

 

25,177

 

19,204

 

 

 

9,788

 

3,768

 

102,878

 

72,749

 

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

Non-current liabilities

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Debt contracts in the international markets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Floating rates in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US$

 

567

 

670

 

16,829

 

11,721

 

Fixed rates in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US$

 

937

 

159

 

9,020

 

3,984

 

EUR

 

 

 

6,376

 

4,841

 

Accrued charges

 

479

 

338

 

 

 

 

 

1,983

 

1,167

 

32,225

 

20,546

 

Debt contracts in Brazil

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Floating rates in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R$, indexed to TJLP, TR, IPCA, IGP-M and CDI

 

780

 

734

 

17,658

 

13,511

 

Basket of currencies and US$ indexed to LIBOR

 

1,125

 

554

 

5,227

 

3,609

 

Fixed rates in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R$

 

190

 

123

 

876

 

876

 

Accrued charges

 

658

 

275

 

 

 

 

 

2,753

 

1,686

 

23,761

 

17,996

 

 

 

4,736

 

2,853

 

55,986

 

38,542

 

 

The future flows of debt payments (principal and interest) per nature of funding are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Bank loans (i)

 

Capital market
(i)

 

Development
agencies (i)

 

Debt principal (i)

 

Estimated
future payments
of interest(ii)

 

Debt principal
(i)

 

2016

 

1,023

 

3,713

 

3,119

 

7,855

 

5,765

 

3,599

 

2017

 

3,869

 

4,733

 

3,583

 

12,185

 

5,903

 

6,158

 

2018

 

6,710

 

3,188

 

4,133

 

14,031

 

6,063

 

13,326

 

2019

 

2,258

 

3,905

 

4,839

 

11,002

 

5,647

 

6,444

 

2020

 

6,063

 

5,005

 

3,153

 

14,221

 

4,773

 

8,692

 

2021

 

1,129

 

300

 

3,209

 

4,638

 

4,251

 

3,822

 

Between 2022 and 2025

 

3,800

 

12,790

 

3,561

 

20,151

 

10,936

 

11,066

 

2026 onwards

 

345

 

25,315

 

488

 

26,148

 

24,577

 

6,478

 

 

 

25,197

 

58,949

 

26,085

 

110,231

 

67,915

 

59,585

 

 


(i)        Does not include accrued charges.

(ii)     Consists of estimated future payments of interest, calculated based on interest rate curves and foreign exchange rates applicable as at December 31, 2015 and considering that all amortization payments and payments at maturity on loans and borrowings will be made on their contracted payments dates. The amount includes the estimated values of future interest payments (not yet accrued), in addition to interest already recognized in the financial statements.

 

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At December 31, 2015, the average annual interest rates by currency are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

Loans and borrowings in

 

Average interest rate (i)

 

Total debt

 

Average interest rate (i)

 

Total debt

 

US$

 

4.63

%

83,682

 

3.03

%

33,961

 

R$ (ii)

 

10.78

%

21,638

 

10.85

%

20,129

 

EUR (iii)

 

4.06

%

6,632

 

4.06

%

6,632

 

Others currencies

 

5.94

%

714

 

0.00

%

 

 

 

 

 

112,666

 

 

 

60,722

 

 


(i)        In order to determine the average interest rate for debt contracts with floating rates, the Company used the last renegotiated rate at December 31, 2015.

(ii)     R$ denominated debt that bears interest at IPCA, CDI, TR or TJLP, plus spread. For a total of R$14,730, the Company entered into derivative transactions to mitigate the exposure to the cash flow variations of the floating rate debt denominated in R$, resulting in an average cost of 2.07% per year in US$.

(iii)  Eurobonds, for which the Company entered into derivatives to mitigate the exposure to the cash flow variations of the debt denominated in EUR, resulting in an average cost of 4.41% per year in US$.

 

b)        Credit and financing lines

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available amount

 

Type

 

Contractual
currency

 

Date of agreement

 

Period of the
agreement

 

Total amount

 

December 31,
2015

 

Credit lines

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revolving credit facility

 

US$

 

May 2015

 

5 years

 

11,714

 

11,714

 

Revolving credit facility

 

US$

 

July 2013

 

5 years

 

7,810

 

7,810

 

Financing lines

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BNDES (i)

 

R$

 

April 2008

 

10 years

 

7,300

 

1,426

 

BNDES - CLN 150

 

R$

 

September 2012

 

10 years

 

3,883

 

20

 

BNDES - S11D e S11D Logística

 

R$

 

May 2014

 

10 years

 

6,163

 

1,500

 

 


(i)        Memorandum of understanding signature date, however term is considered from the signature date of each contract amendment. This credit line supported or supports the Usina VIII, Onça Puma, Salobo I and II and capital expenditure of Itabira projects.

 

In January 2016 (subsequent event), the Company drew down on US$3,000 of its revolving credit facilities. The amount of US$1,800 was drew down on by Vale International S.A. and US$1,200 (R$4,686) by the Parent Company.

 

c)         Funding

 

In 2015, Vale issued infrastructure debentures in the amount of R$1,350 and export credit notes in the amount of R$1,500.

 

d)        Guarantees

 

As at December 31, 2015 and 2014, loans and borrowings are secured by property, plant and equipment and receivables in the amount of R$1,937 and R$3,485, respectively.

 

The securities issued through Vale’s 100%-owned finance subsidiary Vale Overseas Limited are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Vale.

 

e)         Covenants

 

Some of the Company’s debt agreements with lenders contain financial covenants. The main covenants in those agreements require maintaining certain ratios, such as debt to EBITDA (Earnings before Interest Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) and interest coverage. The Company has not identified any instances of noncompliance as at December 31, 2015 and 2014.

 

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17.                     Asset retirement obligations

 

The Company applies judgment and assumptions when measuring its asset retirement obligation. The accrued amounts of these obligations are not deducted from the potential costs covered by insurance or indemnities.

 

The long term interest rates (per annum, used to discount these obligations to present value and to update the provisions) and the changes in the provision of asset retirement obligations are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Balance at beginning of the year

 

8,949

 

6,194

 

3,195

 

1,946

 

Interest expense

 

214

 

465

 

135

 

201

 

Settlements

 

(298

)

(100

)

(12

)

(23

)

Revisions on cash flows estimates (i)

 

(524

)

2,217

 

(1,944

)

973

 

Translation adjustment

 

1,318

 

173

 

 

 

Incorporation of subsidiary

 

 

 

 

98

 

Balance at end of the year

 

9,659

 

8,949

 

1,374

 

3,195

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

346

 

361

 

83

 

89

 

Non-current

 

9,313

 

8,588

 

1,291

 

3,106

 

 

 

9,659

 

8,949

 

1,374

 

3,195

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Brazil

 

7.28

%

5.51

%

7.28

%

5.51

%

Canada

 

0.59

%

2.05

%

 

 

 

 

Other regions

 

1.12% - 5.91

%

1.61% - 8.81

%

 

 

 

 

 


(i) Includes only the impacts in operating expenses and property, plant and equipment.

 

18.                     Litigation

 

a)        Provision for litigation

 

Vale is party to labor, civil, tax and other ongoing lawsuits, at administrative and court levels. Provisions for losses resulting from lawsuits are estimated and updated by the Company, based on analysis from the Company’s legal consultants.

 

Changes in provision for litigation are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Tax litigation

 

Civil litigation

 

Labor litigation

 

Environmental
litigation

 

Total of litigation
provision

 

Balance on December 31, 2013

 

771

 

498

 

1,653

 

67

 

2,989

 

Additions

 

237

 

98

 

558

 

77

 

970

 

Reversals

 

44

 

(247

)

(318

)

(32

)

(553

)

Payments

 

(94

)

(46

)

(111

)

 

(251

)

Indexation and interest

 

97

 

1

 

98

 

12

 

208

 

Translation adjustment

 

33

 

7

 

(4

)

6

 

42

 

Balance on December 31, 2014

 

1,088

 

311

 

1,876

 

130

 

3,405

 

Additions

 

527

 

276

 

567

 

2

 

1,372

 

Reversals

 

(593

)

(190

)

(463

)

(15

)

(1,261

)

Payments

 

(151

)

(129

)

(225

)

(215

)

(720

)

Indexation and interest

 

54

 

40

 

16

 

126

 

236

 

Translation adjustment

 

127

 

1

 

 

50

 

178

 

Balance on December 31, 2015

 

1,052

 

309

 

1,771

 

78

 

3,210

 

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Tax litigation

 

Civil litigation

 

Labor litigation

 

Environmental
litigation

 

Total of litigation
provision

 

Balance on December 31, 2013

 

280

 

221

 

1,472

 

35

 

2,008

 

Additions

 

217

 

183

 

578

 

72

 

1,050

 

Reversals

 

(23

)

(207

)

(304

)

(32

)

(566

)

Payments

 

(79

)

(42

)

(100

)

7

 

(214

)

Indexation and interest

 

41

 

31

 

86

 

12

 

170

 

Balance on December 31, 2014

 

436

 

186

 

1,732

 

94

 

2,448

 

Additions

 

370

 

173

 

508

 

2

 

1,053

 

Reversals

 

(535

)

(139

)

(418

)

(14

)

(1,106

)

Payments

 

(156

)

(7

)

(211

)

(34

)

(408

)

Indexation and interest

 

217

 

28

 

(49

)

7

 

203

 

Balance on December 31, 2015

 

332

 

241

 

1,562

 

55

 

2,190

 

 

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i.            Provisions for labor litigation - Consist of lawsuits filed by employees and service suppliers, related to employment relationships. The most recurring claims are related to payment of overtime, hours in itinerary, and health and safety. The social security (“INSS”) contingencies are related to legal and administrative disputes between INSS and Vale due to applicability of compulsory social security charges.

 

b)        Contingent liabilities - Contingent liabilities consist of administrative and judicial claims, which expectation of loss is classified as possible, and for which the recognition of a provision is not considered necessary by the Company, based on legal support.

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax litigation

 

20,796

 

16,187

 

15,839

 

13,084

 

Civil litigation

 

5,214

 

3,734

 

4,351

 

2,962

 

Labor litigation

 

7,288

 

5,194

 

6,383

 

4,491

 

Environmental litigation

 

5,393

 

2,981

 

5,224

 

2,881

 

Total

 

38,691

 

28,096

 

31,797

 

23,418

 

 

i.            Tax litigation - The most significant claims relate to pending challenges by the Brazilian federal tax authority concerning the deductibility of Brazilian social contribution payments for income tax purposes and demands by Brazilian state tax authorities for additional payments of the value-added tax on services and circulation of goods (“ICMS”) in relation to the use of ICMS credits from sales and energy transmission.

 

ii.        Civil litigation - Most of these claim have been filed by suppliers for indemnification under construction contracts, primarily relating to certain alleged damages, payments and contractual penalties. A number of other claims involve disputed contractual terms for inflation indexation.

 

iii.    Labor litigation - These claims represent a very large number of individual claims by (i) employees and service providers, primarily involving demands for additional compensation for overtime work, time spent commuting or health and safety conditions; and (ii) the Brazilian federal social security administration (“INSS”) regarding contributions on compensation programs based on profits.

 

iv.     Environmental litigation - The most significant claims concern alleged procedural deficiencies in licensing processes, non-compliance with existing environmental licenses or damage to the environment.

 

c)         Judicial deposits - In addition to the provisions and contingent liabilities, the Company is required by law to make judicial deposits to secure a potential adverse outcome of certain lawsuits. These court-ordered deposits are monetarily adjusted and reported as non-current assets until a judicial decision to draw the deposit occurs.

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax litigation

 

822

 

940

 

531

 

664

 

Civil litigation

 

399

 

333

 

135

 

115

 

Labor litigation

 

2,163

 

2,096

 

1,984

 

1,942

 

Environmental litigation

 

61

 

1

 

57

 

 

Total

 

3,445

 

3,370

 

2,707

 

2,721

 

 

d)        Others

 

In the third quarter of 2015, the Company filed an enforceable action in the amount of R$524 referring to the final court decision in favor of the Company of the accrued interest of compulsory deposits from 1987 to 1993. Currently it is not possible to estimate the economic benefit inflow as the counterparty can appeal on the calculation. Consequently, the asset was not recognized in the financial statements.

 

On April 30, 2014, Rio Tinto plc (“Rio Tinto”) filed a lawsuit against Vale, BSGR, and other defendants in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (“Court”), alleging violations of the U.S. Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) in relation to Rio Tinto’s loss of certain Simandou mining rights, the Government of Guinea’s assignment of those rights to BSGR, and Vale’s subsequent investment in VBG.  In November, 2015 Vale received the decision of the Court, which was for the dismissal of the lawsuit.

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

19.                     Income taxes - Settlement program (“REFIS”)

 

In November 2013, the Company elected to participate in the REFIS, a federal tax settlement program, to settle most of the claims related to the collection of income tax and social contribution on equity gains of foreign subsidiaries and affiliates from 2003 to 2012.

 

In December 31, 2015, the balance of R$17,301 (R$1,348 in current and R$15,953 as non-current) is due in 154 remaining monthly installments, bearing interest at the SELIC rate.

 

20.                     Income taxes

 

a)        Deferred income tax

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taxes losses carryfoward

 

25,181

 

4,348

 

12,294

 

375

 

Temporary differences:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pension plan

 

2,114

 

1,783

 

365

 

311

 

Provision for litigation

 

892

 

970

 

745

 

832

 

Provision for losses of assets

 

2,807

 

2,489

 

1,479

 

1,513

 

Fair value of financial instruments

 

3,215

 

3,563

 

3,215

 

3,059

 

Allocated goodwill

 

(10,067

)

(12,831

)

 

 

Others

 

205

 

1,364

 

(806

)

340

 

 

 

(834

)

(2,662

)

4,998

 

6,055

 

Total

 

24,347

 

1,686

 

17,292

 

6,430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets

 

30,867

 

10,560

 

17,292

 

6,430

 

Liabilities

 

(6,520

)

(8,874

)

 

 

 

 

24,347

 

1,686

 

17,292

 

6,430

 

 

Changes in deferred tax are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Assets

 

Liabilities

 

Total

 

Assets

 

Balance on December 31, 2013

 

10,596

 

7,562

 

3,034

 

7,418

 

Effect in income statement

 

(52

)

196

 

(248

)

(1,089

)

Transfers (including between assets and liabilities)

 

(220

)

930

 

(1,150

)

 

Translation adjustment

 

147

 

295

 

(148

)

 

Subsidiary incorporation

 

 

 

 

12

 

Other comprehensive income

 

89

 

(109

)

198

 

89

 

Balance on December 31, 2014

 

10,560

 

8,874

 

1,686

 

6,430

 

Effect in income statement (i)

 

15,226

 

(5,000

)

20,226

 

10,816

 

Transfers (including between assets and liabilities)

 

548

 

548

 

 

 

Translation adjustment

 

1,042

 

2,049

 

(1,007

)

 

Subsidiary acquisition

 

(31

)

 

(31

)

 

Other comprehensive income

 

3,522

 

49

 

3,473

 

46

 

Balance on December 31, 2015

 

30,867

 

6,520

 

24,347

 

17,292

 

 


(i) From the total effect in the income statement R$16,830 refers to tax losses carryforward.

 

Brazilian corporate tax law was amended at the end of 2014 by the Law 12,973 and became effective for the fiscal year 2015. The change was to provide that profits from foreign subsidiaries will be taxed in Brazil, on an accrual basis, applying the differential between the nominal local tax rate and the Brazilian tax rates (34%). Accordingly, from January 1st, 2015 the results from foreign subsidiaries are recognized in this systematic.

 

In accordance with paragraph 77 of the referred law, the accumulated losses of those subsidiaries, as at December 31, 2014, will be available to offset their future profits. On September 30, 2015, the Company filed the tax return and completed the review of the income tax loss carry-forwards available in each foreign subsidiary as at December 31, 2014. Accordingly, a deferred tax asset related to accumulated losses in certain of those foreign subsidiaries of R$11,729 was recognized as deferred income tax in the income statement.

 

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b)        Income tax reconciliation

 

The total amount presented as income taxes in the income statement is reconciled to the rate established by law, as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

Net income (loss) before income taxes

 

(64,876

)

2,819

 

14,995

 

(55,047

)

3,387

 

Income taxes at statutory rates - 34%

 

22,058

 

(958

)

(5,098

)

18,716

 

(1,152

)

Adjustments that affect the basis of taxes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax benefit from interest on stockholders’ equity

 

1,054

 

2,634

 

2,688

 

1,033

 

2,634

 

Tax incentives

 

204

 

209

 

 

 

206

 

Results of overseas companies taxed by different rates which differs from the parent company rate

 

 

(2,867

)

408

 

 

 

Equity results in income statement

 

(512

)

388

 

373

 

(12,713

)

(4,429

)

Income taxes statement program - REFIS

 

 

 

(11,345

)

 

 

Additions (reversals) of tax loss carry forward

 

5,911

 

(410

)

387

 

4,651

 

 

Unrecognized tax losses of the year

 

(3,116

)

 

 

 

 

Nondeductible effect of impairment

 

(7,190

)

(1,119

)

(1,687

)

 

 

Others

 

470

 

(477

)

(975

)

(853

)

308

 

Income taxes

 

18,879

 

(2,600

)

(15,249

)

10,834

 

(2,433

)

 

c)         Tax incentives

 

In Brazil, Vale has a tax incentive for the partial reduction of income tax due, in the amount equivalent to the portion allocated by tax law to transactions in the North and Northeast regions with iron ore, manganese, copper, and nickel. The incentive is calculated based on the tax profit of the activity (called operating income) and takes into consideration the allocation of operating net income by incentive production levels during the periods specified for each product, generally 10 years, and in the case of the Company, they are expected to expire in 2024. An amount equal to that obtained with the tax saving must be appropriated in a retained earnings reserve account in Stockholders’ equity, and may not be distributed as dividends to stockholders.

 

In addition to those incentives, 30% of the income tax due based on the regional profit needs to be reinvested on the purchase of machinery and equipment, subject to subsequent approval by the regulatory agency responsible, Superintendência do Desenvolvimento da Amazonia (SUDAM) and the Superintendência do Desenvolvimento do Nordeste (SUDENE). When the reinvestment is approved, it is retained in an earnings reserve account, which restricts the distribution as dividends to stockholders.

 

Vale also has tax incentives related to the production of nickel and cobalt from Vale Nouvelle Caledonie SAS (“VNC”). These incentives include the exemption of income tax during the construction phase of the project, and also for a period of 15 years beginning in the first year of commercial production, as defined by applicable law, followed by a 5-year 50% exemption of income tax. VNC is subject to a branch profit tax on its profits (after deducting available tax losses) starting in the first year that commercial production is reached. To date, there has been no net taxable income realized in VNC.

 

In Mozambique, the tax incentives applicable to Vale Moçambique S.A. for the Moatize Coal Mine Project include a 25% reduction of rate for five years counting from the first year the company has taxable profits. Vale also received tax incentives for projects in Oman, Malaysia, Malawi and a logistic project in Mozambique.

 

Vale is subject to the revision of income tax by local tax authorities for up to five years in companies operating in Brazil, ten years for operations in Indonesia and up to seven years for companies with operations in Canada.

 

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21.                     Employee benefits obligations

 

a)        Employee postretirements obligations

 

In Brazil, the management of the pension plans of the Company is the responsibility of Fundação Vale do Rio Doce de Seguridade Social (“Valia”) a nonprofit entity with administrative and financial autonomy. The Brazilian plans are as follows:

 

Benefit plan Vale Mais (“Vale Mais”) and benefit plan Valiaprev (“Valiaprev”) - Certain of the Company’s employees are participants in a plan (Vale Mais e Valiaprev) with components of defined benefit (specific coverage for death, pensions and disability allowances) and components of defined contributions (for programmable benefits). The defined benefits plan is subject to actuarial evaluations. The defined contribution plan represents a fixed amount held on behalf of the participants. Both Vale Mais and Valiaprev were overfunded as at December 31, 2015 and 2014.

 

Defined benefit plan (“Plano BD”) - The Plano BD has been closed to new entrants since the year 2000, when the Vale Mais plan was implemented. It is a plan that has defined benefit characteristics, covering almost exclusively retirees and their beneficiaries. It was overfunded as at December 31, 2015 and 2014 and the contributions made by the Company are not relevant.

 

Abono complementação benefit plan - The Company sponsors a specific group of former employees entitled to receive additional benefits from Valia normal payments plus post-retirement benefit that covers medical, dental and pharmaceutical assistance. The contributions made by the Company finished in 2014. The abono complementação benefit was overfunded as at December 31, 2015 and 2014.

 

Other benefits - The Company sponsors medical plans for employees that meet specific criteria and for employees who use the abono complementação benefit. Although those benefits are not specific retirement plans, actuarial calculations are used to calculate future commitments. As those benefits are related to health care plans they have the nature of underfunded benefits, and are presented as underfunded plans as at December 31, 2015 and 2014.

 

The Foreign plans are managed in accordance with their region. They are divided between plans in Canada, United States of America, United Kingdom, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Japan and Taiwan. Pension plans in Canada are composed of a defined benefit and defined contribution component. Currently the defined benefit plans do not allow new entrants. The foreign defined benefit plans underfunded as at December 31, 2015 and 2014.

 

Employers’ disclosure about pensions and other post-retirement benefits on the status of the defined benefit elements of all plans is provided as follows.

 

i.            Change in benefit obligation

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Benefit obligation as at December 31, 2013

 

9,557

 

10,320

 

3,966

 

9,557

 

516

 

Service costs

 

68

 

225

 

55

 

68

 

 

Interest costs

 

1,116

 

549

 

194

 

1,116

 

59

 

Benefits paid

 

(769

)

(755

)

(174

)

(769

)

(59

)

Participant contributions

 

3

 

1

 

 

3

 

 

Effects of change in financial assumptions

 

(73

)

1,070

 

(189

)

(73

)

16

 

Translation adjustment

 

 

599

 

129

 

 

 

Benefit obligation as at December 31, 2014

 

9,902

 

12,009

 

3,981

 

9,902

 

532

 

Service costs

 

65

 

308

 

92

 

62

 

 

Interest costs

 

1,181

 

591

 

219

 

1,177

 

63

 

Benefits paid

 

(814

)

(874

)

(216

)

(814

)

(70

)

Participant contributions

 

4

 

1

 

 

4

 

 

Transfers

 

31

 

(31

)

 

 

 

Effect of changes in the actuarial assumptions

 

(710

)

(267

)

(119

)

(691

)

30

 

Translation adjustment

 

 

2,670

 

815

 

 

 

Benefit obligation as at December 31, 2015

 

9,659

 

14,407

 

4,772

 

9,640

 

555

 

 

36



Table of Contents

 

 

ii. Evolution of assets fair value

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Fair value of plan assets as at December 31, 2013

 

12,347

 

8,911

 

 

12,347

 

 

Interest income

 

1,471

 

474

 

 

1,471

 

 

Employer contributions

 

310

 

387

 

174

 

310

 

59

 

Participant contributions

 

3

 

1

 

 

3

 

 

Benefits paid

 

(769

)

(755

)

(174

)

(769

)

(59

)

Return on plan assets (excluding interest income)

 

(5

)

398

 

 

(5

)

 

Translation adjustment

 

 

456

 

 

 

 

Fair value of plan assets as at December 31, 2014

 

13,357

 

9,872

 

 

13,357

 

 

Interest income

 

1,616

 

498

 

 

1,615

 

 

Employer contributions

 

208

 

446

 

216

 

201

 

70

 

Participant contributions

 

4

 

1

 

 

4

 

 

Benefits paid

 

(814

)

(874

)

(216

)

(814

)

(70

)

Actual return on plan assets

 

(977

)

(36

)

 

(980

)

 

Transfers

 

19

 

(19

)

 

 

 

Translation adjustment

 

 

2,195

 

 

 

 

Fair value of plan assets as at December 31, 2015

 

13,413

 

12,083

 

 

13,383

 

 

 

iii.   Reconciliation of assets and liabilities recognized in the balance sheet

 

 

 

Plans in Brazil

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Balance at beginning of the year

 

3,455

 

 

 

2,790

 

 

 

Interest income

 

427

 

 

 

335

 

 

 

Changes on asset ceiling and onerous liability

 

(128

)

 

 

330

 

 

 

Balance at end of the year

 

3,754

 

 

 

3,455

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amount recognized in the balance sheet

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Present value of actuarial liabilities

 

(9,659

)

(970

)

(624

)

(9,902

)

(1,028

)

(654

)

Fair value of assets

 

13,413

 

837

 

 

13,357

 

928

 

 

Effect of the asset ceiling

 

(3,754

)

 

 

(3,455

)

 

 

Liabilities provisioned

 

 

(133

)

(624

)

 

(100

)

(654

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

 

(72

)

 

 

(66

)

Non-current liabilities

 

 

(133

)

(552

)

 

(100

)

(588

)

Liabilities provisioned

 

 

(133

)

(624

)

 

(100

)

(654

)

 

 

 

Foreign plan

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Amount recognized in the balance sheet

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Present value of actuarial liabilities

 

 

(13,437

)

(4,149

)

 

(10,981

)

(3,327

)

Fair value of assets

 

 

11,246

 

 

 

8,944

 

 

Liabilities provisioned

 

 

(2,191

)

(4,149

)

 

(2,037

)

(3,327

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

(67

)

(127

)

 

(42

)

(69

)

Non-current liabilities

 

 

(2,124

)

(4,022

)

 

(1,995

)

(3,258

)

Liabilities provisioned

 

 

(2,191

)

(4,149

)

 

(2,037

)

(3,327

)

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Balance at beginning of the year

 

3,455

 

 

 

2,790

 

 

 

Interest income

 

427

 

 

 

335

 

 

 

Changes on asset ceiling and onerous liability

 

(128

)

 

 

 

 

330

 

 

 

Balance at end of the year

 

3,754

 

 

 

3,455

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amount recognized in the balance sheet

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Present value of actuarial liabilities

 

(9,659

)

(14,407

)

(4,773

)

(9,902

)

(12,009

)

(3,981

)

Fair value of assets

 

13,413

 

12,083

 

 

13,357

 

9,872

 

 

Effect of the asset ceiling

 

(3,754

)

 

 

(3,455

)

 

 

Liabilities provisioned

 

 

(2,324

)

(4,773

)

 

(2,137

)

(3,981

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

(67

)

(199

)

 

(42

)

(135

)

Non-current liabilities

 

 

(2,257

)

(4,574

)

 

(2,095

)

(3,846

)

Liabilities provisioned

 

 

(2,324

)

(4,773

)

 

(2,137

)

(3,981

)

 

37



Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

Plans in Brazil

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others
benefits

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others
benefits

 

Balance at beginning of the year

 

3,455

 

 

 

2,790

 

 

 

Interest income

 

427

 

 

 

335

 

 

 

Changes on asset ceiling and onerous liability

 

(139

)

 

 

330

 

 

 

Balance at end of the year

 

3,743

 

 

 

3,455

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amount recognized in the balance sheet

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Present value of actuarial liabilities

 

(9,640

)

 

(555

)

(9,902

)

 

(532

)

Fair value of assets

 

13,383

 

 

 

13,357

 

 

 

Effect of the asset ceiling

 

(3,743

)

 

 

(3,455

)

 

 

Liabilities provisioned

 

 

 

(555

)

 

 

(532

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

 

(72

)

 

 

(66

)

Non-current liabilities

 

 

 

(483

)

 

 

(466

)

Liabilities provisioned

 

 

 

(555

)

 

 

(532

)

 

iv.   Costs recognized in the income statements

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension
plans

 

Underfunded
pension
plans

 

Others
underfunded
pension
plans

 

Overfunded
pension
plans

 

Underfunded
pension
plans

 

Others
underfunded
pension
plans

 

Overfunded
pension
plans

 

Underfunded
pension
plans

 

Others
underfunded
pension
plans

 

Current service cost

 

65

 

308

 

92

 

68

 

225

 

55

 

106

 

210

 

91

 

Interest on expense on liabilities

 

1,181

 

591

 

219

 

1,116

 

549

 

194

 

995

 

475

 

282

 

Interest income on plan assets

 

(1,616

)

(498

)

 

(1,471

)

(474

)

 

(1,131

)

(363

)

 

Interest expense on effect of (asset ceiling)/ onerous liability

 

437

 

 

 

335

 

 

 

154

 

 

 

Total of cost, net

 

67

 

401

 

311

 

48

 

300

 

249

 

124

 

322

 

373

 

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others
underfunded
pension plans

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others
underfunded
pension plans

 

Current service cost

 

62

 

 

 

68

 

 

 

Interest on expense on liabilities

 

1,177

 

 

63

 

1,116

 

 

59

 

Interest income on plan assets

 

(1,615

)

 

 

(1,471

)

 

 

Interest expense on effect of (asset ceiling)/ onerous liability

 

428

 

 

 

335

 

 

 

Total of cost, net

 

52

 

 

63

 

48

 

 

59

 

 

v. Costs recognized in the statement of comprehensive income

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension
plans

 

Underfunded
pension
plans

 

Others
benefits

 

Overfunded
pension
plans

 

Underfunded
pension
plans

 

Others
benefits

 

Overfunded
pension
plans

 

Underfunded
pension
plans

 

Others
benefits

 

Balance at beginning of the year

 

(380

)

(1,515

)

(350

)

(219

)

(926

)

(460

)

(7

)

(1,970

)

(778

)

Effect of changes actuarial assumptions

 

710

 

267

 

119

 

73

 

(1,070

)

189

 

2,290

 

574

 

537

 

Return on plan assets (excluding interest income)

 

(977

)

(36

)

 

(5

)

398

 

 

(1,245

)

731

 

 

Change of asset ceiling / costly liabilities (excluding interest income)

 

170

 

 

 

(312

)

 

 

(911

)

 

 

Others

 

 

8

 

 

 

66

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(97

)

239

 

119

 

(244

)

(606

)

189

 

134

 

1,305

 

537

 

Deferred income tax

 

33

 

(4

)

(33

)

83

 

159

 

(38

)

(42

)

(410

)

(162

)

Others comprehensive income

 

(64

)

235

 

86

 

(161

)

(447

)

151

 

92

 

895

 

375

 

Translation adjustments

 

 

(650

)

(105

)

 

(174

)

(13

)

 

(163

)

(55

)

Transfers/ disposal

 

4

 

(4

)

 

 

32

 

(28

)

(304

)

312

 

(2

)

Accumulated other comprehensive income

 

(440

)

(1,934

)

(369

)

(380

)

(1,515

)

(350

)

(219

)

(926

)

(460

)

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension
plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others
benefits

 

Overfunded
pension
plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others
benefits

 

Balance at beginning of the year

 

(381

)

7

 

(120

)

(219

)

7

 

(110

)

Effect of changes actuarial assumptions

 

691

 

 

(30

)

73

 

 

(16

)

Return on plan assets (excluding interest income)

 

(980

)

 

 

(5

)

 

 

Change of asset ceiling / costly liabilities (excluding interest income)

 

182

 

 

 

(313

)

 

 

 

 

(107

)

 

(30

)

(245

)

 

(16

)

Deferred income tax

 

37

 

 

10

 

83

 

 

6

 

Others comprehensive income

 

(70

)

 

(20

)

(162

)

 

(10

)

Transfers/ disposal

 

7

 

(7

)

 

 

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income

 

(444

)

 

(140

)

(381

)

7

 

(120

)

 

38



Table of Contents

 

 

vi.   Risks related to plans

 

The Administrators of the plans have committed to strategic planning to strengthen internal controls and risk management. This commitment is archive by conducting audits of internal controls, which aim to mitigate operational risks in routine management of market risk and credit activities. Risks are presented as follow:

 

Legal - lawsuits: issuing periodic reports to internal audit and directors contemplating the analysis of lawyers about the possibility of loss (remote, probable or possible), aiming to support the administrative decision regarding provisioning. Contracts, tax and decision-making process: previous legal analysis through technical advice. Analysis and ongoing monitoring of developments in the legal scenario and its dissemination within the institution in order to subsidize the administrative plans, considered the impact of regulatory changes.

 

Actuarial - the annual actuarial valuation of the benefit plans comprises the assessment of costs, revenues and adequacy of plan funding. It also considered the monitoring of biometric, economic and financial assumptions (asset volatility, changes in interest rates, inflation, life expectancy, salaries and other).

 

Market - profitability projections are performed for the various plans and profiles of investments for 10 years in the management study of assets and liabilities. These projections include the risks of investments in various market segments. Furthermore, the risks for short-term market of the plans are monitored monthly through metrics of VaR (Value at Risk) and stress testing. For exclusive investment funds of Valia, the market risk is measured daily by the custodian asset bank.

 

Credit - assessment of the credit quality of issuers by hiring expert consultants to evaluate financial institutions and internal assessment of payment ability of non-financial companies. For assets of non-financial companies is conducted a monitoring of the company until the maturity of the security.

 

vii.  Actuarial and economic assumptions and sensitivity analysis

 

All calculations involve future actuarial projections about some parameters, such as: salaries, interest, inflation, the behavior of INSS benefits, mortality and disability.

 

The economic actuarial assumptions adopted have been formulated considering the long-term period for maturity and should therefore be examined accordingly. In the short term they may not necessarily be realized.

 

In the evaluations were adopted the following assumptions:

 

 

 

Brazil

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others benefits

 

Discount rate to determine benefit obligation

 

13.63

%

13.71

%

13.63

%

12.70

%

12.54

%

12.39

%

Nominal average rate to determine expense/ (income)

 

12.36

%

13.71

%

N/A

 

12.37

%

12.46

%

N/A

 

Nominal average rate of salary increase

 

8.12

%

8.12

%

N/A

 

6.94

%

8.12

%

N/A

 

Nominal average rate of benefit increase

 

6.00

%

6.00

%

6.00

%

6.00

%

6.00

%

6.00

%

Immediate health care cost trend rate

 

N/A

 

N/A

 

9.18

%

N/A

 

N/A

 

9.18

%

Ultimate health care cost trend rate

 

N/A

 

N/A

 

9.18

%

N/A

 

N/A

 

9.18

%

Nominal average rate of price inflation

 

6.00

%

6.00

%

6.00

%

6.00

%

6.00

%

6.00

%

 

 

 

Foreign

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Underfunded pension
plans

 

Others benefits

 

Underfunded pension
plans

 

Others benefits

 

Discount rate to determine benefit obligation

 

4.00

%

3.90

%

3.89

%

4.10

%

Nominal average rate to determine expense/ (income)

 

4.80

%

N/A

 

4.80

%

N/A

 

Nominal average rate of salary increase

 

3.90

%

N/A

 

3.90

%

N/A

 

Nominal average rate of benefit increase

 

3.90

%

3.00

%

3.90

%

3.00

%

Immediate health care cost trend rate

 

N/A

 

6.30

%

N/A

 

7.22

%

Ultimate health care cost trend rate

 

N/A

 

4.50

%

N/A

 

4.49

%

Nominal average rate of price inflation

 

2.00

%

2.00

%

2.00

%

2.00

%

 

39



Table of Contents

 

 

For the sensitivity analysis, the Company considers the effect of 1% in nominal discount rate to determine the actuarial liability. The effects of this change in actuarial liabilities in premise and adopted the average duration of the plan are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2015

 

 

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others
benefits

 

Overfunded
pension plans

 

Underfunded
pension plans

 

Others
benefits

 

Nominal discount rate - 1% increase

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Actuarial liability balance

 

8,836

 

11,807

 

4,160

 

8,836

 

 

520

 

Assumptions made

 

8.33

%

5.01

%

5.35

%

8.33

%

0.00

%

6.36

%

Average duration of the obligation - (years)

 

8.70

 

11.76

 

15.29

 

8.70

 

 

6.57

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nominal discount rate - 1% reduction

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Actuarial liability balance

 

10,602

 

15,264

 

4,071

 

10,602

 

 

596

 

Assumptions made

 

10.01

%

3.01

%

3.90

%

10.01

%

0.00

%

7.34

%

Average duration of the obligation - (years)

 

9.53

 

11.76

 

15.22

 

9.53

 

 

7.08

 

 

viii. Assets of pension plans

 

Brazilian plan assets as at December 31, 2015 and 2014 includes respectively (i) investments in a portfolio of Vale’s stock in the amount of R$15 and R$250; (ii) equity investments from related parties in the amount of R$0 and R$3; and (iii) Brazilian Federal Government securities in the amount of R$11,622 and R$9,512.

 

Foreign plan assets as at December 31, 2015 and 2014 includes Canadian Government securities in the amount of R$2,636 and R$2,263, respectively.

 

ix. Overfunded pension plans

 

Assets by category are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

2

 

1

 

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts Receivable

 

1

 

 

 

1

 

14

 

 

 

14

 

Equity securities

 

1

 

 

 

1

 

1,261

 

 

 

1,261

 

Debt securities - Corporate bonds

 

 

367

 

 

367

 

 

418

 

 

418

 

Debt securities - Government bonds

 

6,478

 

 

 

6,478

 

5,595

 

 

 

5,595

 

Investments funds - Fixed Income

 

7,023

 

 

 

7,023

 

6,035

 

 

 

6,035

 

Investments funds - Equity

 

170

 

 

 

170

 

885

 

 

 

885

 

International investments

 

112

 

 

 

112

 

 

 

 

 

Structured investments - Private Equity funds

 

540

 

 

532

 

1,072

 

 

 

671

 

671

 

Structured investments - Real estate funds

 

 

 

25

 

25

 

 

 

19

 

19

 

Real estate

 

 

 

1,246

 

1,246

 

 

 

1,322

 

1,322

 

Loans to participants

 

 

 

968

 

968

 

 

 

1,070

 

1,070

 

Total

 

14,327

 

368

 

2,771

 

17,466

 

13,790

 

418

 

3,082

 

17,290

 

Funds not related to risk plans

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4,053

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3,933

)

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,413

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,357

 

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

2

 

1

 

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts Receivable

 

1

 

 

 

1

 

14

 

 

 

14

 

Equity securities

 

 

 

 

 

1,261

 

 

 

1,261

 

Debt securities - Corporate bonds

 

 

367

 

 

367

 

 

418

 

 

418

 

Debt securities - Government bonds

 

6,478

 

 

 

6,478

 

5,595

 

 

 

5,595

 

Investments funds - Fixed Income

 

7,018

 

 

 

7,018

 

6,035

 

 

 

6,035

 

Investments funds - Equity

 

170

 

 

 

170

 

885

 

 

 

885

 

International investments

 

112

 

 

 

112

 

 

 

 

 

Structured investments - Private Equity funds

 

540

 

 

511

 

1,051

 

 

 

671

 

671

 

Structured investments - Real estate funds

 

 

 

25

 

25

 

 

 

19

 

19

 

Real estate

 

 

 

1,245

 

1,245

 

 

 

1,322

 

1,322

 

Loans to participants

 

 

 

966

 

966

 

 

 

1,070

 

1,070

 

Total

 

14,321

 

368

 

2,747

 

17,436

 

13,790

 

418

 

3,082

 

17,290

 

Funds not related to risk plans

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4,053

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3,933

)

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,383

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,357

 

 

40



Table of Contents

 

 

Measurement of overfunded plan assets at fair value with no observable market variables (level 3) are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans to

 

 

 

 

 

Private equity funds

 

Real state funds

 

Real state

 

participants

 

Total

 

Balance as at December 31, 2013

 

532

 

19

 

1,282

 

1,009

 

2,842

 

Return on plan assets

 

(28

)

 

131

 

122

 

225

 

Assets purchases, sales and settlements

 

208

 

 

8

 

437

 

653

 

Assets sold during the year

 

(41

)

 

(99

)

(498

)

(638

)

Balance as at December 31, 2014

 

671

 

19

 

1,322

 

1,070

 

3,082

 

Return on plan assets

 

(281

)

3

 

15

 

157

 

(106

)

Assets purchases, sales and settlements

 

162

 

3

 

4

 

133

 

302

 

Assets sold during the year

 

(25

)

 

(95

)

(393

)

(513

)

Transfers in and/ out of Level 3

 

5

 

 

 

1

 

6

 

Balance as at December 31, 2015

 

532

 

25

 

1,246

 

968

 

2,771

 

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans to

 

 

 

 

 

Private equity funds

 

Real state funds

 

Real state

 

participants

 

Total

 

Balance as at December 31, 2013

 

532

 

19

 

1,282

 

1,009

 

2,842

 

Return on plan assets

 

(28

)

 

131

 

122

 

225

 

Assets purchases, sales and settlements

 

208

 

 

8

 

437

 

653

 

Assets sold during the year

 

(41

)

 

(99

)

(498

)

(638

)

Translation adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers in and/ out of Level 3

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance as at December 31, 2014

 

671

 

19

 

1,322

 

1,070

 

3,082

 

Return on plan assets

 

(281

)

3

 

14

 

156

 

(108

)

Assets purchases, sales and settlements

 

146

 

3

 

4

 

133

 

286

 

Assets sold during the year

 

(25

)

 

(95

)

(393

)

(513

)

Balance as at December 31, 2015

 

511

 

25

 

1,245

 

966

 

2,747

 

 

x.              Underfunded pension plans

 

Assets by category are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

191

 

 

191

 

3

 

78

 

 

81

 

Equity securities

 

4,320

 

 

 

4,320

 

4,292

 

25

 

 

4,317

 

Debt securities - Corporate bonds

 

 

47

 

 

47

 

 

1,069

 

 

1,069

 

Debt securities - Government bonds

 

219

 

2,671

 

 

2,890

 

205

 

2,263

 

 

2,468

 

Investments funds - Fixed Income

 

584

 

1,097

 

 

1,681

 

502

 

 

 

502

 

Investments funds - Equity

 

335

 

1,394

 

 

1,729

 

251

 

1,055

 

 

1,306

 

International investments

 

8

 

117

 

 

125

 

 

 

 

 

Structured investments - Private Equity funds

 

 

 

384

 

384

 

 

 

48

 

48

 

Structured investments - Real estate funds

 

 

 

1

 

1

 

 

 

1

 

1

 

Real estate

 

 

 

77

 

77

 

 

 

65

 

65

 

Loans to participants

 

 

 

17

 

17

 

 

 

15

 

15

 

Others

 

 

 

621

 

621

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

5,466

 

5,517

 

1,100

 

12,083

 

5,253

 

4,490

 

129

 

9,872

 

Funds not related to risk plans

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12,083

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9,872

 

 

41



Table of Contents

 

 

Measurement of underfunded plan assets at fair value with no observable market variables (level 3) are as follows:

 

 

 

Private equity
funds

 

Real state funds

 

Real state

 

Loans to
participants

 

Others

 

Total

 

Balance as at December 31, 2013

 

 

 

56

 

 

 

56

 

Return on plan assets

 

 

 

9

 

 

 

9

 

Assets purchases, sales and settlements

 

48

 

1

 

 

15

 

 

64

 

Balance as at December 31, 2014

 

48

 

1

 

65

 

15

 

 

129

 

Return on plan assets

 

 

 

16

 

3

 

 

19

 

Assets purchases, sales and settlements

 

340

 

(1

)

 

 

621

 

960

 

Assets sold during the year

 

(3

)

 

 

 

 

(3

)

Transfers in and/ out of Level 3

 

(1

)

1

 

(4

)

(1

)

 

(5

)

Balance as at December 31, 2015

 

384

 

1

 

77

 

17

 

621

 

1,100

 

 

xi.          Disbursement of future cash flow

 

Vale expects to disburse R$716 in 2016 in relation to pension plans and other benefits.

 

xii.      Expected benefit payments

 

The expected benefit payments, which reflect future services, are as follows:

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

 

 

Overfunded pension plans

 

Underfunded pension
plans

 

Others benefits

 

2016

 

890

 

800

 

224

 

2017

 

941

 

789

 

234

 

2018

 

994

 

781

 

243

 

2019

 

1,050

 

773

 

253

 

2020

 

1,106

 

765

 

263

 

2021 and thereafter

 

6,343

 

4,319

 

1,269

 

 

b)        Profit sharing program (“PLR”)

 

The Company recorded as cost of goods sold and services rendered and other operating expenses related to the PLR R$194 and R$1.164 for the year ended on December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. For the Parent Company, R$107 and RS$937 for the year ended on December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

 

c)         Long-term compensation plan

 

Vale has long-term incentive programs such as Matching and Virtual Shares Programs (“PAV”) for some executives of the Company, covering 3 to 4 year cycles, respectively.

 

For the Matching program, the participants may acquire preferred share of Vale to participate on the plan, through a prescribed financial institution under market conditions and without any benefit being provided by Vale. Since 2014, the participation on the program has been mandatory for the executive officers.

 

Except for the executive officers, the shares purchased by executive have no restrictions and can be sold at any time. If the shares are held for a period of three years, and the participants maintains it employment relationship with Vale during this period, the participant is entitled to receive from Vale a payment in cash equivalent to the market value of their stock holdings under this program.

 

For PAV program, certain eligible executives have the right to receive, during a four year cycle, a monetary value equivalent to market value of a determined number of stocks based on an the Company’s performance measured as an indicator of total return to the Stockholders.

 

Liabilities of the plans are measured at fair value on the date of each issuance of the report, based on market rates. Compensation costs incurred are recognized by the defined vesting period of three years. At December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 the Company recognized in the income statement the amounts of R$113, R$163 and R$198, respectively, related to long term compensation plan.

 

42



Table of Contents

 

 

22.                     Financial instruments classification

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Loans and

 

 

 

Derivatives

 

 

 

Loans and

 

 

 

Derivatives

 

 

 

 

 

receivables

 

At fair value

 

designated

 

 

 

receivables

 

At fair value

 

designated

 

 

 

 

 

 or amortized

 

through net

 

as hedge

 

 

 

or amortized

 

through net

 

as hedge

 

 

 

 

 

cost

 

income

 

accounting

 

Total

 

cost

 

income

 

 accounting

 

Total

 

Financial assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

14,022

 

 

 

14,022

 

10,555

 

 

 

10,555

 

Financial investments

 

109

 

 

 

109

 

392

 

 

 

392

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

 

474

 

 

474

 

 

441

 

 

441

 

Accounts receivable

 

5,763

 

 

 

5,763

 

8,700

 

 

 

8,700

 

Related parties

 

273

 

 

 

273

 

1,537

 

 

 

1,537

 

 

 

20,167

 

474

 

 

20,641

 

21,184

 

441

 

 

21,625

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

 

363

 

 

363

 

 

231

 

 

231

 

Loans

 

732

 

 

 

732

 

609

 

 

 

609

 

Related parties

 

5

 

 

 

5

 

93

 

 

 

93

 

 

 

737

 

363

 

 

1,100

 

702

 

231

 

 

933

 

Total of financial assets

 

20,904

 

837

 

 

21,741

 

21,886

 

672

 

 

22,558

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Suppliers and contractors

 

13,140

 

 

 

13,140

 

11,566

 

 

 

11,566

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

 

7,909

 

198

 

8,107

 

 

2,539

 

1,221

 

3,760

 

Loans and borrowings

 

9,788

 

 

 

9,788

 

3,768

 

 

 

3,768

 

Related parties

 

1,856

 

 

 

1,856

 

813

 

 

 

813

 

 

 

24,784

 

7,909

 

198

 

32,891

 

16,147

 

2,539

 

1,221

 

19,907

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

 

5,581

 

 

5,581

 

 

4,273

 

3

 

4,276

 

Loans and borrowings

 

102,878

 

 

 

102,878

 

72,749

 

 

 

72,749

 

Related parties

 

830

 

 

 

830

 

288

 

 

 

288

 

Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

 

1,336

 

 

1,336

 

 

4,584

 

 

4,584

 

Others (i)

 

 

551

 

 

551

 

 

303

 

 

303

 

 

 

103,708

 

7,468

 

 

111,176

 

73,037

 

9,160

 

3

 

82,200

 

Total of financial liabilities

 

128,492

 

15,377

 

198

 

144,067

 

89,184

 

11,699

 

1,224

 

102,107

 

 


(i) See note 23(a).

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans and

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans and

 

At fair value

 

 

 

receivables

 

At fair value

 

 

 

 

 

receivables or

 

through net

 

 

 

or amortized

 

through net

 

 

 

 

 

amortized cost

 

income

 

Total

 

cost

 

income

 

Total

 

Financial assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

518

 

 

518

 

685

 

 

685

 

Financial investments

 

18

 

 

18

 

392

 

 

392

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

 

196

 

196

 

 

370

 

370

 

Accounts receivable

 

36,026

 

 

36,026

 

30,599

 

 

30,599

 

Related parties

 

834

 

 

834

 

2,227

 

 

2,227

 

 

 

37,396

 

196

 

37,592

 

33,903

 

370

 

34,273

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

 

293

 

293

 

 

29

 

29

 

Loans

 

106

 

 

106

 

104

 

 

104

 

Related parties

 

1,468

 

 

1,468

 

902

 

 

902

 

 

 

1,574

 

293

 

1,867

 

1,006

 

29

 

1,035

 

Total of financial assets

 

38,970

 

489

 

39,459

 

34,909

 

399

 

35,308

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Suppliers and contractors

 

7,084

 

 

7,084

 

6,818

 

 

6,818

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

 

3,559

 

3,559

 

 

948

 

948

 

Loans and borrowings

 

4,736

 

 

4,736

 

2,853

 

 

2,853

 

Related parties

 

6,774

 

 

6,774

 

5,622

 

 

5,622

 

 

 

18,594

 

3,559

 

22,153

 

15,293

 

948

 

16,241

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

 

4,745

 

4,745

 

 

3,866

 

3,866

 

Loans and borrowings

 

55,986

 

 

55,986

 

38,542

 

 

38,542

 

Related parties

 

63,837

 

 

63,837

 

43,606

 

 

43,606

 

Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

 

1,336

 

1,336

 

 

4,584

 

4,584

 

Others (i)

 

 

551

 

551

 

 

303

 

303

 

 

 

119,823

 

6,632

 

126,455

 

82,148

 

8,753

 

90,901

 

Total of financial liabilities

 

138,417

 

10,191

 

148,608

 

97,441

 

9,701

 

107,142

 

 


(i) See note 23(a).

 

43



Table of Contents

 

 

The classification of financial assets and liabilities by currencies are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

 

 

 

 

R$

 

US$

 

CAD

 

AUD

 

EUR

 

currencies

 

Total

 

Financial assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

3,186

 

9,871

 

47

 

211

 

43

 

664

 

14,022

 

Financial investments

 

 

109

 

 

 

 

 

109

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

196

 

278

 

 

 

 

 

474

 

Accounts receivable

 

980

 

4,232

 

488

 

39

 

16

 

8

 

5,763

 

Related parties

 

273

 

 

 

 

 

 

273

 

 

 

4,635

 

14,490

 

535

 

250

 

59

 

672

 

20,641

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

293

 

70

 

 

 

 

 

363

 

Loans

 

105

 

401

 

226

 

 

 

 

732

 

Related parties

 

5

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

403

 

471

 

226

 

 

 

 

1,100

 

Total of assets

 

5,038

 

14,961

 

761

 

250

 

59

 

672

 

21,741

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Suppliers and contractors

 

5,853

 

5,424

 

1,308

 

35

 

449

 

71

 

13,140

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

3,557

 

4,550

 

 

 

 

 

8,107

 

Loans and borrowings

 

1,696

 

7,779

 

55

 

 

258

 

 

9,788

 

Related parties

 

997

 

 

859

 

 

 

 

1,856

 

 

 

12,103

 

17,753

 

2,222

 

35

 

707

 

71

 

32,891

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

4,745

 

836

 

 

 

 

 

5,581

 

Loans and borrowings

 

19,942

 

75,903

 

644

 

15

 

6,374

 

 

102,878

 

Related parties

 

284

 

19

 

 

 

 

 

303

 

Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

1,336

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,336

 

Others

 

551

 

 

 

 

 

 

551

 

 

 

26,858

 

76,758

 

644

 

15

 

6,374

 

 

110,649

 

Total of liabilities

 

38,961

 

94,511

 

2,866

 

50

 

7,081

 

71

 

143,540

 

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

 

 

 

 

R$

 

US$

 

CAD

 

AUD

 

EUR

 

currencies

 

Total

 

Financial assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

2,595

 

7,379

 

58

 

101

 

162

 

260

 

10,555

 

Financial investments

 

392

 

 

 

 

 

 

392

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

369

 

72

 

 

 

 

 

441

 

Accounts receivable

 

1,966

 

6,678

 

32

 

 

21

 

3

 

8,700

 

Related parties

 

1,054

 

483

 

 

 

 

 

1,537

 

 

 

6,376

 

14,612

 

90

 

101

 

183

 

263

 

21,625

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Related parties

 

11

 

82

 

 

 

 

 

93

 

Loans

 

104

 

505

 

 

 

 

 

609

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

29

 

202

 

 

 

 

 

231

 

 

 

144

 

789

 

 

 

 

 

933

 

Total of assets

 

6,520

 

15,401

 

90

 

101

 

183

 

263

 

22,558

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Suppliers and contractors

 

5,798

 

5,690

 

3

 

3

 

72

 

 

11,566

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

948

 

2,812

 

 

 

 

 

3,760

 

Loans and borrowings

 

1,169

 

2,355

 

50

 

 

194

 

 

3,768

 

Related parties

 

810

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

813

 

 

 

8,725

 

10,860

 

53

 

3

 

266

 

 

19,907

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

3,867

 

409

 

 

 

 

 

4,276

 

Loans and borrowings

 

15,582

 

51,764

 

558

 

5

 

4,840

 

 

72,749

 

Related parties

 

288

 

 

 

 

 

 

288

 

Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

4,584

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,584

 

Others

 

303

 

 

 

 

 

 

303

 

 

 

24,624

 

52,173

 

558

 

5

 

4,840

 

 

82,200

 

Total of liabilities

 

33,349

 

63,033

 

611

 

8

 

5,106

 

 

102,107

 

 

44



Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

 

 

 

 

R$

 

US$

 

CAD

 

AUD

 

EUR

 

currencies

 

Total

 

Financial assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

493

 

25

 

 

 

 

 

518

 

Financial investments

 

18

 

 

 

 

 

 

18

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

196

 

 

 

 

 

 

196

 

Accounts receivable

 

(609

)

36,628

 

 

 

7

 

 

36,026

 

Related parties

 

606

 

228

 

 

 

 

 

834

 

 

 

704

 

36,881

 

 

 

7

 

 

37,592

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

293

 

 

 

 

 

 

293

 

Loans

 

106

 

 

 

 

 

 

106

 

Related parties

 

337

 

1,131

 

 

 

 

 

1,468

 

 

 

736

 

1,131

 

 

 

 

 

1,867

 

Total of assets

 

1,440

 

38,012

 

 

 

7

 

 

39,459

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Suppliers and contractors

 

6,148

 

806

 

 

6

 

124

 

 

7,084

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

3,559

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,559

 

Loans and borrowings

 

1,595

 

3,141

 

 

 

 

 

4,736

 

Related parties

 

1,168

 

5,601

 

 

4

 

1

 

 

6,774

 

 

 

12,470

 

9,548

 

 

10

 

125

 

 

22,153

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

4,745

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,745

 

Loans and borrowings

 

18,534

 

30,820

 

 

 

6,632

 

 

55,986

 

Related parties

 

3,912

 

59,925

 

 

 

 

 

63,837

 

Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

1,336

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,336

 

Others

 

551

 

 

 

 

 

 

551

 

 

 

29,078

 

90,745

 

 

 

6,632

 

 

126,455

 

Total of liabilities

 

41,548

 

100,293

 

 

10

 

6,757

 

 

148,608

 

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

 

 

 

 

R$

 

US$

 

CAD

 

AUD

 

EUR

 

currencies

 

Total

 

Financial assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

667

 

18

 

 

 

 

 

685

 

Financial investments

 

392

 

 

 

 

 

 

392

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

370

 

 

 

 

 

 

370

 

Accounts receivable

 

4,795

 

25,787

 

 

 

17

 

 

30,599

 

Related parties

 

1,951

 

276

 

 

 

 

 

2,227

 

 

 

8,175

 

26,081

 

 

 

17

 

 

34,273

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

29

 

 

 

 

 

 

29

 

Loans

 

90

 

14

 

 

 

 

 

104

 

Related parties

 

902

 

 

 

 

 

 

902

 

 

 

1,021

 

14

 

 

 

 

 

1,035

 

Total of assets

 

9,196

 

26,095

 

 

 

17

 

 

35,308

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Suppliers and contractors

 

5,764

 

985

 

2

 

1

 

65

 

1

 

6,818

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

948

 

 

 

 

 

 

948

 

Loans and borrowings

 

1,111

 

1,548

 

 

 

194

 

 

2,853

 

Related parties

 

261

 

4,679

 

3

 

12

 

586

 

81

 

5,622

 

 

 

8,084

 

7,212

 

5

 

13

 

845

 

82

 

16,241

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

3,866

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,866

 

Loans and borrowings

 

14,387

 

19,314

 

 

 

4,841

 

 

38,542

 

Related parties

 

434

 

43,172

 

 

 

 

 

43,606

 

Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

4,584

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,584

 

Others

 

303

 

 

 

 

 

 

303

 

 

 

23,574

 

62,486

 

 

 

4,841

 

 

90,901

 

Total of liabilities

 

31,658

 

69,698

 

5

 

13

 

5,686

 

82

 

107,142

 

 

45



Table of Contents

 

 

23.                     Fair value estimate

 

Due to the short-term cycle, it is assumed that the fair value of cash and cash equivalents balances, financial investments, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their book values. For the measurement and determination of fair value, the Company uses various methods including market, income or cost approaches, in order to estimate the value that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.  The financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value classified and disclosed in accordance with the following levels:

 

Level 1 — unadjusted quoted prices on an active, liquid and visible market for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement date;

 

Level 2 - quoted prices (adjusted or unadjusted) for identical or similar assets or liabilities on active markets; and

 

Level 3 - assets and liabilities, for which quoted prices, do not exist, or where prices or valuation techniques are supported by little or no market activity, unobservable or illiquid.

 

a)        Assets and liabilities measured and recognized at fair value:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

Financial assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

837

 

 

837

 

672

 

 

672

 

Total

 

837

 

 

837

 

672

 

 

672

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

13,688

 

 

13,688

 

8,036

 

 

8,036

 

Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

1,336

 

 

1,336

 

4,584

 

 

4,584

 

Others (minimum return instrument)

 

 

551

 

551

 

 

303

 

303

 

Total

 

15,024

 

551

 

15,575

 

12,620

 

303

 

12,923

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

Financial assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

489

 

 

489

 

399

 

 

399

 

Total

 

489

 

 

489

 

399

 

 

399

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

8,304

 

 

8,304

 

4,814

 

 

4,814

 

Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

1,336

 

 

1,336

 

4,584

 

 

4,584

 

Others (minimun return instrument)

 

 

551

 

551

 

 

303

 

303

 

Total

 

9,640

 

551

 

10,191

 

9,398

 

303

 

9,701

 

 

46



Table of Contents

 

 

Methods and techniques of evaluation

 

i)           Derivative financial instruments

 

Financial instruments are evaluated by calculating their present value through the use of instrument yield curves at the closing dates. The curves and prices used in the calculation for each group of instruments are detailed in the “market curves”.

 

The pricing method used for European options is the Black & Scholes model. In this model, the fair value of the derivative is a function of the volatility in the price of the underlying asset, the exercise price of the option, the interest rate and period to maturity. In the case of options which income is a function of the average price of the underlying asset over the period of the option, the Company uses Turnbull & Wakeman model. In this model, in addition to the factors that influence the option price in the Black-Scholes model, the formation period of the average price is also considered.

 

In the case of swaps, both the present value of the assets and liability are estimated by discounting the cash flow by the interest rate of the currency in which the swap is denominated. The difference between the present value of assets and liability of the swap generates its fair value.

 

For to the TJLP swaps, the calculation of the fair value assumes that TJLP is constant, that is the projections of future cash flow in Brazilian Reais are made on the basis of the last TJLP disclosed.

 

Contracts for the purchase or sale of products, inputs and costs of selling with future settlement are priced using the forward yield curves for each product. Typically, these curves are obtained on the stock exchanges where the products are traded, such as the London Metals Exchange (“LME”), the Commodity Exchange (“COMEX”) or other providers of market prices. When there is no price for the desired maturity, Vale uses an interpolation between the available maturities.

 

ii)       Participative stockholders’ debentures - Consist of the debentures issued during the privatization process (note 29(b)), whose fair values are measured based on the market approach. Reference prices are available on the secondary market.

 

iii)   Minimum return instrument - Refers to a minimum return instrument held by Brookfield which under certain conditions can generate a disbursement obligation to Vale at the end of the sixth year of the completion of the acquisition of interest in VLI (note 6(i)). The Company used internal assumptions in a probability model to calculate the fair value of this instrument.

 

b)        Fair value of financial instruments not measured at fair value

 

The fair value estimate for level 1 is based on market approach considering the secondary market contracts. For loans allocated to level 2, the income approach is adopted and the fair value for both fixed-indexed rate debt and floating rate debt is determined on a discounted cash flows basis using LIBOR future values and Vale’s bonds curve.

 

The fair values and carrying amounts of non-current loans (net of interest) are as follows:

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

Financial liabilities

 

Balance

 

Fair value

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Balance

 

Fair value

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

December 31, 2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Debt principal

 

110,231

 

102,434

 

48,017

 

54,417

 

59,585

 

58,227

 

11,783

 

46,444

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Debt principal

 

75,356

 

78,302

 

42,077

 

36,225

 

40,782

 

46,886

 

9,953

 

36,933

 

 

47



Table of Contents

 

 

24.                     Derivative financial instruments

 

a)        Derivatives effects on balance sheet

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Assets

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

Derivatives designated as economic hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign exchange and interest rate risk

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap

 

269

 

 

364

 

29

 

IPCA swap

 

7

 

64

 

18

 

 

Eurobonds swap

 

 

 

 

109

 

Pre dollar swap

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

276

 

64

 

387

 

138

 

Commodities price risk

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel

 

198

 

41

 

54

 

7

 

 

 

198

 

41

 

54

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

 

258

 

 

86

 

 

 

 

258

 

 

86

 

Total

 

474

 

363

 

441

 

231

 

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

Derivatives designated as economic hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign exchange and interest rate risk

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap

 

3,119

 

4,419

 

1,173

 

3,599

 

IPCA swap

 

82

 

393

 

 

167

 

Eurobonds swap

 

572

 

111

 

24

 

238

 

Pre dollar swap

 

364

 

280

 

81

 

262

 

 

 

4,137

 

5,203

 

1,278

 

4,266

 

Commodities price risk

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel

 

153

 

42

 

60

 

7

 

Bunker oil (i)

 

3,609

 

 

1,201

 

 

 

 

3,762

 

42

 

1,261

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

 

336

 

 

 

 

 

 

336

 

 

 

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bunker oil (i)

 

198

 

 

1,152

 

 

Foreign exchange

 

10

 

 

69

 

3

 

 

 

208

 

 

1,221

 

3

 

Total

 

8,107

 

5,581

 

3,760

 

4,276

 

 


(i) As at December 31, 2015 and 2014, includes R$397 and R$402, respectively, of transactions in which the financial settlement occurs subsequently of the closing month.

 

48



Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Assets

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

Derivatives designated as economic hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign exchange and interest rate risk

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap

 

193

 

 

354

 

29

 

IPCA swap

 

3

 

64

 

11

 

 

Pre dollar swap

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

196

 

64

 

370

 

29

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

 

229

 

 

 

Total

 

196

 

293

 

370

 

29

 

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

Derivatives designated as economic hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign exchange and interest rate risk

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap

 

3,112

 

3,943

 

867

 

3,535

 

IPCA swap

 

82

 

186

 

 

70

 

Pre dollar swap

 

365

 

280

 

81

 

261

 

 

 

3,559

 

4,409

 

948

 

3,866

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

 

336

 

 

 

Total

 

3,559

 

4,745

 

948

 

3,866

 

 

b)        Effects of derivatives on the income statement, cash flow and other comprehensive income

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Gain (loss) recognized in the
income statement

 

Financial settlement
inflows(outflows)

 

Gain(loss) recognized in other
comprehensive income

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

Derivatives designated as economic hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign exchange and interest rate risk

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap

 

(3,644

)

(1,160

)

(1,961

)

(867

)

(51

)

(385

)

 

 

 

IPCA swap

 

(167

)

(142

)

 

20

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eurobonds swap

 

(353

)

(385

)

209

 

(39

)

24

 

(10

)

 

 

 

Pre dollar swap

 

(462

)

(73

)

(120

)

(158

)

16

 

33

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4,626

)

(1,760

)

(1,872

)

(1,044

)

(11

)

(362

)

 

 

 

Commodities price risk

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel

 

(166

)

21

 

(4

)

(212

)

29

 

(9

)

 

 

 

Bunker oil

 

(2,662

)

(1,372

)

(129

)

(866

)

(236

)

(141

)

 

 

 

 

 

(2,828

)

(1,351

)

(133

)

(1,078

)

(207

)

(150

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

(494

)

(10

)

(123

)

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

(494

)

(10

)

(123

)

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bunker oil

 

(1,483

)

(203

)

(92

)

(1,513

)

(203

)

(92

)

1,409

 

(1,067

)

(14

)

Nickel

 

 

 

27

 

 

 

26

 

 

 

(26

)

Foreign exchange

 

(136

)

(100

)

(28

)

(136

)

(100

)

(28

)

66

 

27

 

(54

)

 

 

(1,619

)

(303

)

(93

)

(1,649

)

(303

)

(94

)

1,475

 

(1,040

)

(94

)

Total

 

(9,567

)

(3,424

)

(2,221

)

(3,771

)

(521

)

(605

)

1,475

 

(1,040

)

(94

)

 

Related to the effects of derivatives in the income statement, the Company recognized as cost of goods sold and services rendered and financial expense the amounts of R$1,483 and R$8,084, respectively, for the year ended December 2015.

 

49



Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

Parent company

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Gain (loss) recognized in the
income statement

 

Financial settlement
inflows(outflows)

 

Gain(loss) recognized in
other comprehensive
income

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2015

 

2014

 

2015

 

2014

 

Derivatives designated as economic hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign exchange and interest rate risk

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap

 

(3,467

)

(1,119

)

(622

)

(96

)

 

 

IPCA swap

 

(132

)

(59

)

11

 

 

 

 

Pre dollar swap

 

(465

)

(72

)

(158

)

15

 

 

 

 

 

(4,064

)

(1,250

)

(769

)

(81

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

(413

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(413

)

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flow hedge accounting from entities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bunker oil

 

 

 

 

 

1,409

 

(1,067

)

Foreign exchange

 

 

 

 

 

66

 

27

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,475

 

(1,040

)

Total

 

(4,477

)

(1,250

)

(769

)

(81

)

1,475

 

(1,040

)

 

The maturities dates of the derivative financial instruments are as follows:

 

 

 

Maturity dates

Currencies and interest rates

 

July 2023

Bunker oil

 

December 2016

Nickel

 

February 2018

Others

 

December 2027

 

Additional information about derivatives financial instruments

 

The risk of the derivatives portfolio is measured using the delta-Normal parametric approach, and considers that the future distribution of the risk factors and its correlations tends to present the same statistic properties verified in the historical data. The value at risk estimate considers a 95% confidence level for a one-business day time horizon.

 

There was no cash amount deposited as margin call regarding derivative positions on December 31, 2015. The derivative positions described in this document did not have initial costs associated.

 

The following tables detail the derivatives positions for Vale and its controlled companies as of December 31, 2015, with the following information: notional amount, fair value (including credit risk), gains or losses in the period, value at risk and the fair value breakdown by year of maturity.

 

a)        Foreign exchange and interest rates derivative positions

 

(i)       Protection programs for the R$ denominated debt instruments

 

In order to reduce cash flow volatility, swap transactions were implemented to convert into US$ the cash flows from certain debt instruments denominated in R$ with interest rates linked mainly to CDI, TJLP and IPCA. In those swaps, Vale pays fixed or floating rates in US$ and receives payments in R$ linked to the interest rates of the protected debt instruments.

 

The swap transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected items are the cash flows from debt instruments linked to R$. These programs transform into US$ the obligations linked to R$ to achieve a currency offset in the Company’s cash flows, by matching its receivables - mainly linked to US$ - with its payables.

 

50



Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

Notional

 

 

 

 

 

Fair value

 

Financial settlement
Inflows (Outflows)

 

Value at Risk

 

Fair value by year

 

Flow

 

December 31, 2015 

 

December 31, 2014

 

Index

 

Average rate

 

December 31, 2015 

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2015

 

2016

 

2017

 

2018

 

2019+

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CDI vs. US$ fixed rate swap

 

 

 

 

 

(3,059

)

(1,453

)

(374

)

158

 

(1,920

)

(199

)

(940

)

 

Receivable

 

R$

5,239

 

R$

4,511

 

CDI

 

108.33

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payable

 

US$

2,288

 

US$

2,284

 

Fix

 

3.39

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CDI vs. US$ floating rate swap

 

 

 

 

 

 

(220

)

(203

)

 

 

 

 

 

Receivable

 

 

R$

428

 

CDI

 

0.00

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payable

 

 

US$

250

 

Libor +

 

0.00

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TJLP vs. US$ fixed rate swap

 

 

 

 

 

(3,965

)

(2,531

)

(339

)

263

 

(913

)

(1,112

)

(552

)

(1,388

)

Receivable

 

R$

5,484

 

R$

6,247

 

TJLP +

 

1.32

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payable

 

US$

2,611

 

US$

3,051

 

Fix

 

1.69

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TJLP vs. US$ floating rate swap

 

 

 

 

 

(245

)

(175

)

(4

)

16

 

(17

)

(23

)

(26

)

(179

)

Receivable

 

R$

267

 

R$

295

 

TJLP +

 

0.93

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payable

 

US$

156

 

US$

173

 

Libor +

 

-1.21

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap

 

 

 

 

 

(644

)

(337

)

(155

)

73

 

(364

)

(36

)

10

 

(254

)

Receivable

 

R$

1,356

 

R$

735

 

Fix

 

6.82

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payable

 

US$

528

 

US$

395

 

Fix

 

-0.74

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IPCA vs. US$ fixed rate swap

 

 

 

 

 

(411

)

(150

)

19

 

41

 

6

 

4

 

1

 

(422

)

Receivable

 

R$

1,000

 

R$

1,000

 

IPCA +

 

6.55

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payable

 

US$

434

 

US$

434

 

Fix

 

3.98

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IPCA vs. CDI swap

 

 

 

 

 

6

 

 

 

1

 

(81

)

(82

)

(60

)

230

 

Receivable

 

R$

1,350

 

R$

0

 

IPCA +

 

6.62

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payable

 

R$

1,350

 

R$

0

 

CDI

 

98.58

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(ii)   Protection program for EUR denominated debt instruments

 

In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, swap transactions were implemented to convert into US$ the cash flows from certain debt instruments issued in Euros by Vale. In those swaps, Vale receives fixed rates in EUR and pays fixed rates in US$.

 

The swap transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected items are the cash flows from debt instruments linked to EUR. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to EUR/US$ exchange rate.

 

 

 

Notional

 

 

 

 

 

Fair value

 

Financial settlement
Inflows (Outflows)

 

Value at Risk

 

Fair value by year

 

Flow

 

December 31, 2015 

 

December 31, 2014

 

Index

 

Average rate

 

December 31, 2015 

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2015

 

2016

 

2017

 

2018

 

2019+

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EUR fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap

 

 

 

 

 

(683

)

(154

)

(38

)

56

 

(572

)

(20

)

(17

)

(74

)

Receivable

 

1,000

 

1,000

 

Fix

 

4.06

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payable

 

US$

1,302

 

US$

1,302

 

Fix

 

4.51

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(iii)    Foreign exchange hedging program for disbursements in CAD

 

In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, forward transactions were implemented to mitigate the foreign exchange exposure that arises from the currency mismatch between revenues denominated in US$ and disbursements denominated in CAD.

 

The forward transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected item is part of the CAD denominated disbursements. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to CAD/US$ exchange rate. This program is classified under the hedge accounting requirements.

 

 

 

Notional

 

Bought /

 

Average rate

 

Fair value

 

Financial settlement
Inflows (Outflows)

 

Value at Risk

 

Fair value
by year

 

Flow

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Sold

 

(CAD / USD)

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2015

 

2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forward

 

CAD

10

 

CAD

230

 

B

 

1.028

 

(10

)

(73

)

 

0.3

 

(10

)

 

51



Table of Contents

 

 

b)        Commodities derivative positions

 

(i)       Bunker Oil purchase cash flows protection program

 

In order to reduce the impact of bunker oil price fluctuation on maritime freight hiring/supply and, consequently, reducing the company’s cash flow volatility, bunker oil derivatives were implemented. These transactions are usually executed through forward purchases and zero cost-collars.

 

The derivative transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected item is part of the Vale’s costs linked to bunker oil prices. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to bunker oil prices changes. Part of this program is classified under the hedge accounting requirements.

 

 

 

Notional (ton)

 

Bought /

 

Average strike

 

Fair value

 

Financial Settlement
Inflows (Outflows)

 

Value at Risk

 

Fair value
by year

 

Flow

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Sold

 

(US$/ton)

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2015

 

2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bunker Oil protection

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forwards

 

1,867,500

 

2,205,000

 

B

 

508

 

(2,252

)

(964

)

(586

)

42

 

(2,252

)

Call options

 

2,041,500

 

 

B

 

385

 

0.1

 

 

 

0.03

 

0.1

 

Put options

 

2,041,500

 

 

S

 

314

 

(1,158

)

 

(228

)

40

 

(1,158

)

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3,410

)

(964

)

 

 

 

 

(3,410

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bunker Oil hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forwards

 

0

 

1,950,000

 

B

 

0

 

 

(987

)

(1,491

)

 

 

 

(ii)   Protection programs for base metals raw materials and products

 

In the operational protection program for nickel sales at fixed prices, derivatives transactions were implemented to convert into floating prices the contracts with clients that required a fixed price, in order to keep nickel revenues exposed to nickel price fluctuations. Those operations are usually implemented through the purchase of nickel forwards, which are unwind before the original maturity in order to match the settlement dates of the commercial contracts in which the prices were fixed.

 

In the operational protection program for the purchase of raw materials and products, derivatives transactions were implemented, usually through the sale of nickel and copper forward or futures, in order to reduce the mismatch between the pricing period of purchases (concentrate, cathode, sinter, scrap and others) and the pricing period of the final product sales to the clients.

 

The derivative transactions are negotiated at London Metal Exchange or over-the-counter and the protected item is part of Vale’s revenues and costs linked to nickel and copper prices. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to nickel and copper prices changes.

 

 

 

Notional (ton)

 

Bought /

 

Average strike

 

Fair value

 

Financial Settlement
Inflows (Outflows)

 

Value at Risk

 

Fair value by year

 

Flow

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Sold

 

(US$/ton)

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2015

 

2016

 

2017

 

2018

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fixed prices sales protection

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel forwards

 

16,917

 

11,264

 

B

 

11,821

 

(180

)

(65

)

(215

)

19

 

(144

)

(37

)

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Raw materials purchase protection

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel forwards

 

118

 

140

 

S

 

9,603

 

0.4

 

0.4

 

2.9

 

0.1

 

0.4

 

 

 

Copper forwards

 

385

 

360

 

S

 

4,938

 

0.4

 

0.3

 

2.2

 

0.1

 

0.4

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0.7

 

0.7

 

 

 

 

 

0.7

 

 

 

 

c)         Silver Wheaton Corp. warrants

 

The company owns warrants of Silver Wheaton Corp. (SLW), a Canadian company with stocks negotiated in Toronto Stock Exchange and New York Stock Exchange. Such warrants configure American call options and were received as part of the payment regarding the sale of 25% of gold payable flows produced as a sub product from Salobo copper mine during its life and 70% of gold payable flows produced as a sub product from some nickel mines in Sudbury during 20 years.

 

 

 

Notional (quantity)

 

Bought /

 

Average strike

 

Fair value

 

Financial Settlement
Inflows (Outflows)

 

Value at Risk

 

Fair value
by year

 

Flow

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Sold

 

(US$/share)

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2015

 

2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Call options

 

10,000,000

 

10,000,000

 

B

 

65

 

28

 

86

 

 

3

 

28

 

 

52



Table of Contents

 

 

d)        Call options from debentures

 

The company has debentures in which lenders have call options of a specified quantity of Ferrovia Norte Sul ordinary shares, later changed to VLI SA shares. The call option’s strike price is given by the debentures’ remaining notional in each exercise date.

 

 

 

Notional (quantity)

 

Bought /

 

Average strike

 

Fair value

 

Financial Settlement
Inflows (Outflows)

 

Value at Risk

 

Fair value
by year

 

Flow

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Sold

 

(R$/share)

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2015

 

2027

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Call options

 

140,239

 

 

S

 

8,570

 

(152

)

 

 

9

 

(152

)

 

e)         Options related to Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. (“MBR”) shares

 

The Company entered into a contract that has options related to MBR shares. Under certain restrict and contingent conditions, which are beyond the buyer’s control, such as illegality due to changes in the law, the contract has a clause that gives the buyer the right to sell back its stake to the Company. It this case, the Company could settle through cash or shares. On the other hand, the Company has the right to buy back this non-controlling interest in the subsidiary.

 

 

 

Notional (quantity, in millions)

 

Bought /

 

Average strike

 

Fair value

 

Financial Settlement
Inflows (Outflows)

 

Value at Risk

 

Fair value

by year

 

Flow

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Sold

 

(R$/ação)

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2015

 

2016+

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options

 

2,139

 

 

B/S

 

1.8

 

57

 

 

 

23

 

57

 

 

f)          Embedded derivatives in commercial contracts

 

The Company has some nickel concentrate and raw materials purchase agreements in which there are provisions based on nickel and copper future prices behavior. These provisions are considered as embedded derivatives.

 

 

 

Notional (ton)

 

Bought /

 

Average strike

 

Fair value

 

Financial Settlement
Inflows (Outflows)

 

Value at Risk

 

Fair value
by year

 

Flow

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

Sold

 

(US$/ton)

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2015

 

2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel Forward

 

3,877

 

4,491

 

S

 

9,468

 

11.7

 

(1.5

)

 

 

 

 

9.0

 

Copper Forward

 

5,939

 

6,310

 

S

 

4,961

 

7.7

 

3.0

 

 

 

 

 

1.2

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

19.4

 

1.5

 

 

6.5

 

10.2

 

 

The Company has also a natural gas purchase agreement in which there´s a clause that defines that a premium can be charged if the Company’s pellet sales prices trade above a pre-defined level. This clause is considered an embedded derivative and both his fair value and value at risk were not material as of December 31, 2015.

 

g)        Sensitivity analysis of derivative financial instruments

 

The following tables present the potential value of the instruments given hypothetical stress scenarios for the main market risk factors that impact the derivatives positions. The scenarios were defined as follows:

 

·                                          Scenario I: fair value calculation considering market prices as of December 31, 2015

·                                          Scenario II: fair value estimated considering a 25% deterioration in the associated risk variables

·                                          Scenario III: fair value estimated considering a 50% deterioration in the associated risk variables

 

53



Table of Contents

 

 

Instrument

 

Instrument’s main risk events

 

Scenario I

 

Scenario II

 

Scenario III

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CDI vs. US$ fixed rate swap

 

R$ depreciation

 

(3,059

)

(5,345

)

(7,632

)

 

 

US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease

 

(3,059

)

(3,116

)

(3,174

)

 

 

Brazilian interest rate increase

 

(3,059

)

(3,075

)

(3,091

)

Protected item: R$ denominated debt

 

R$ depreciation

 

n.a.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TJLP vs. US$ fixed rate swap

 

R$ depreciation

 

(3,965

)

(6,431

)

(8,898

)

 

 

US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease

 

(3,965

)

(4,125

)

(4,296

)

 

 

Brazilian interest rate increase

 

(3,965

)

(4,273

)

(4,543

)

 

 

TJLP interest rate decrease

 

(3,965

)

(4,126

)

(4,298

)

Protected item: R$ denominated debt

 

 

 

n.a.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TJLP vs. US$ floating rate swap

 

R$ depreciation

 

(245

)

(383

)

(521

)

 

 

US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease

 

(245

)

(259

)

(275

)

 

 

Brazilian interest rate increase

 

(245

)

(264

)

(281

)

 

 

TJLP interest rate decrease

 

(245

)

(255

)

(266

)

Protected item: R$ denominated debt

 

R$ depreciation

 

n.a.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap

 

R$ depreciation

 

(644

)

(1,165

)

(1,686

)

 

 

US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease

 

(644

)

(702

)

(766

)

 

 

Brazilian interest rate increase

 

(644

)

(760

)

(855

)

Protected item: R$ denominated debt

 

R$ depreciation

 

n.a.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IPCA vs. US$ fixed rate swap

 

R$ depreciation

 

(411

)

(871

)

(1,331

)

 

 

US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease

 

(411

)

(448

)

(489

)

 

 

Brazilian interest rate increase

 

(411

)

(519

)

(613

)

 

 

IPCA index decrease

 

(411

)

(469

)

(525

)

Protected item: R$ denominated debt

 

R$ depreciation

 

n.a.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IPCA vs. CDI swap

 

Brazilian interest rate increase

 

6

 

(152

)

(286

)

 

 

IPCA index decrease

 

6

 

(78

)

(158

)

Protected item: R$ denominated debt linked to IPCA

 

IPCA index decrease

 

n.a.

 

78

 

158

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EUR fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap

 

EUR depreciation

 

(683

)

(1,908

)

(3,134

)

 

 

Euribor increase

 

(683

)

(839

)

(730

)

 

 

US$ Libor decrease

 

(683

)

(765

)

(853

)

Protected item: EUR denominated debt

 

EUR depreciation

 

n.a.

 

1,908

 

3,134

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CAD Forward

 

CAD depreciation

 

(10

)

(20

)

(29

)

Protected item: Disbursement in CAD

 

CAD depreciation

 

n.a.

 

20

 

29

 

 

Instrument

 

Instrument’s main risk events

 

Scenario I

 

Scenario II

 

Scenario III

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bunker Oil protection

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forwards and options

 

Bunker Oil price decrease

 

(3,410

)

(4,052

)

(4,695

)

Protected item: Part of costs linked to bunker oil prices

 

Bunker Oil price decrease

 

n.a.

 

4,052

 

4,695

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bunker Oil hedge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forwards

 

Bunker Oil price decrease

 

 

 

 

Protected item: Part of costs linked to bunker oil prices

 

Bunker Oil price decrease

 

n.a.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel sales fixed price protection

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forwards

 

Nickel price decrease

 

(180

)

(326

)

(471

)

Protected item: Part of nickel revenues with fixed prices

 

Nickel price fluctuation

 

n.a.

 

326

 

471

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase protection program

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nickel forwards

 

Nickel price increase

 

0.4

 

(0.6

)

(1.7

)

Protected item: Part of costs linked to nickel prices

 

Nickel price increase

 

n.a.

 

0.6

 

1.7

 

Copper forwards

 

Copper price increase

 

0.4

 

(1.4

)

(3.2

)

Protected item: Part of costs linked to copper prices

 

Copper price increase

 

n.a.

 

1.4

 

3.2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SLW warrants

 

SLW stock price decrease

 

28

 

12

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

VLI call options

 

VLI stock value increase

 

(152

)

(244

)

(335

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options regarding non-controlling interest in subsidiary

 

Subsidiary stock value increase

 

57

 

(110

)

(229

)

 

54



Table of Contents

 

 

Instrument

 

Main risks

 

Scenario I

 

Scenario II

 

Scenario III

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase (nickel)

 

Nickel price increase

 

12

 

(21

)

(54

)

Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase (copper)

 

Copper price increase

 

8

 

(19

)

(46

)

 

h)        Financial counterparties’ ratings

 

The transactions of derivative instruments, cash and cash equivalents as well as investments are held with financial institutions whose exposure limits are periodically reviewed and approved by the delegated authority. The financial institutions credit risk is performed through a methodology that considers, among other information, ratings provided by international rating agencies.

 

The table below presents the ratings in foreign currency published by agencies Moody’s and S&P regarding the main financial institutions that we had outstanding positions as of December 31, 2015.

 

Long term ratings by counterparty

 

Moody’s

 

S&P

ANZ Australia and New Zealand Banking

 

Aa2

 

AA-

Banco Bradesco

 

Baa3

 

BB+

Banco de Credito del Peru

 

Baa1

 

BBB

Banco do Brasil

 

Baa3

 

BB+

Banco do Nordeste

 

Ba1

 

BB+

Banco Safra

 

Baa3

 

BB+

Banco Santander

 

Baa3

 

BB+

Banco Votorantim

 

Ba1

 

BB+

Bank of America

 

Baa1

 

BBB+

Bank of Nova Scotia

 

Aa2

 

A+

Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ

 

A2

 

A

Banpara

 

Ba3

 

BB

Barclays

 

Baa3

 

BBB

BBVA

 

A3

 

BBB+

BNP Paribas

 

A1

 

A+

BTG Pactual

 

Ba2

 

BB-

Caixa Economica Federal

 

Baa3

 

BB+

Citigroup

 

Baa1

 

BBB+

Credit Agricole

 

A2

 

A

Deutsche Bank

 

A3

 

BBB+

Goldman Sachs

 

A3

 

BBB+

HSBC

 

A1

 

A

Intesa Sanpaolo Spa

 

Baa1

 

BBB-

Itau Unibanco

 

Ba1

 

BB+

JP Morgan Chase & Co

 

A3

 

A-

Macquarie Group Ltd

 

A3

 

BBB

Morgan Stanley

 

A3

 

BBB+

National Australia Bank NAB

 

Aa2

 

AA-

Royal Bank of Canada

 

Aa3

 

AA-

Societe Generale

 

A2

 

A

Standard Bank Group

 

Baa3

 

-

Standard Chartered

 

Aa3

 

A-

 

55



Table of Contents

 

 

i)           Market curves

 

The curves used on the pricing of derivatives instruments were developed based on data from BM&F, Central Bank of Brazil, London Metals Exchange and Bloomberg.

 

(i)       Products

 

Nickel

 

Maturity

 

Price (US$/ton)

 

Maturity

 

Price (US$/ton)

 

Maturity

 

Price (US$/ton)

 

SPOT

 

8,665

 

JUN16

 

8,857

 

DEC16

 

8,907

 

JAN16

 

8,793

 

JUL16

 

8,868

 

DEC17

 

9,007

 

FEB16

 

8,807

 

AUG16

 

8,878

 

DEC18

 

9,106

 

MAR16

 

8,820

 

SEP16

 

8,885

 

DEC19

 

9,166

 

APR16

 

8,831

 

OCT16

 

8,892

 

 

 

 

 

MAY16

 

8,846

 

NOV16

 

8,900

 

 

 

 

 

 

Copper

 

Maturity

 

Price (US$/lb)

 

Maturity

 

Price (US$/lb)

 

Maturity

 

Price (US$/lb)

 

SPOT

 

2.14

 

JUN16

 

2.13

 

DEC16

 

2.13

 

JAN16

 

2.14

 

JUL16

 

2.13

 

DEC17

 

2.14

 

FEB16

 

2.14

 

AUG16

 

2.13

 

DEC18

 

2.15

 

MAR16

 

2.14

 

SEP16

 

2.13

 

DEC19

 

2.16

 

APR16

 

2.13

 

OCT16

 

2.13

 

 

 

 

 

MAY16

 

2.13

 

NOV16

 

2.13

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bunker Oil

 

Maturity

 

Price (US$/ton)

 

Maturity

 

Price (US$/ton)

 

Maturity

 

Price (US$/ton)

 

SPOT

 

160

 

JUN16

 

181

 

DEC16

 

209

 

JAN16

 

162

 

JUL16

 

186

 

DEC17

 

249

 

FEB16

 

164

 

AUG16

 

191

 

DEC18

 

301

 

MAR16

 

167

 

SEP16

 

196

 

DEC19

 

374

 

APR16

 

171

 

OCT16

 

201

 

 

 

 

 

MAY16

 

176

 

NOV16

 

205

 

 

 

 

 

 

56



Table of Contents

 

 

(ii)   Foreign exchange and interest rates

 

US$-Brazil Interest Rate

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

02/01/16

 

2.03

 

12/01/16

 

4.07

 

10/01/18

 

4.27

 

03/01/16

 

2.28

 

01/02/17

 

4.15

 

01/02/19

 

4.28

 

04/01/16

 

2.63

 

02/01/17

 

4.13

 

04/01/19

 

4.19

 

05/02/16

 

2.79

 

03/01/17

 

4.16

 

07/01/19

 

4.18

 

06/01/16

 

3.00

 

04/03/17

 

4.26

 

10/01/19

 

4.23

 

07/01/16

 

3.24

 

07/03/17

 

4.26

 

01/02/20

 

4.31

 

08/01/16

 

3.55

 

10/02/17

 

4.22

 

04/01/20

 

4.26

 

09/01/16

 

3.80

 

01/02/18

 

4.35

 

07/01/20

 

4.25

 

10/03/16

 

3.96

 

04/02/18

 

4.18

 

10/01/20

 

4.17

 

11/01/16

 

4.05

 

07/02/18

 

4.36

 

01/04/21

 

4.43

 

 

US$ Interest Rate

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

1M

 

0.43

 

6M

 

0.78

 

11M

 

0.86

 

2M

 

0.51

 

7M

 

0.80

 

12M

 

0.86

 

3M

 

0.61

 

8M

 

0.82

 

2Y

 

1.19

 

4M

 

0.69

 

9M

 

0.84

 

3Y

 

1.45

 

5M

 

0.75

 

10M

 

0.85

 

4Y

 

1.64

 

 

TJLP

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

02/01/16

 

7.00

 

12/01/16

 

7.00

 

10/01/18

 

7.00

 

03/01/16

 

7.00

 

01/02/17

 

7.00

 

01/02/19

 

7.00

 

04/01/16

 

7.00

 

02/01/17

 

7.00

 

04/01/19

 

7.00

 

05/02/16

 

7.00

 

03/01/17

 

7.00

 

07/01/19

 

7.00

 

06/01/16

 

7.00

 

04/03/17

 

7.00

 

10/01/19

 

7.00

 

07/01/16

 

7.00

 

07/03/17

 

7.00

 

01/02/20

 

7.00

 

08/01/16

 

7.00

 

10/02/17

 

7.00

 

04/01/20

 

7.00

 

09/01/16

 

7.00

 

01/02/18

 

7.00

 

07/01/20

 

7.00

 

10/03/16

 

7.00

 

04/02/18

 

7.00

 

10/01/20

 

7.00

 

11/01/16

 

7.00

 

07/02/18

 

7.00

 

01/04/21

 

7.00

 

 

57



Table of Contents

 

 

BRL Interest Rate

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

02/01/16

 

14.34

 

12/01/16

 

15.82

 

10/01/18

 

16.70

 

03/01/16

 

14.48

 

01/02/17

 

15.88

 

01/02/19

 

16.71

 

04/01/16

 

14.75

 

02/01/17

 

15.98

 

04/01/19

 

16.71

 

05/02/16

 

15.01

 

03/01/17

 

16.05

 

07/01/19

 

16.71

 

06/01/16

 

15.14

 

04/03/17

 

16.14

 

10/01/19

 

16.70

 

07/01/16

 

15.19

 

07/03/17

 

16.33

 

01/02/20

 

16.68

 

08/01/16

 

15.39

 

10/02/17

 

16.48

 

04/01/20

 

16.67

 

09/01/16

 

15.55

 

01/02/18

 

16.53

 

07/01/20

 

16.65

 

10/03/16

 

15.67

 

04/02/18

 

16.63

 

10/01/20

 

16.64

 

11/01/16

 

15.75

 

07/02/18

 

16.69

 

01/04/21

 

16.62

 

 

Implicit Inflation (IPCA)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

02/01/16

 

7.70

 

12/01/16

 

9.08

 

10/01/18

 

9.06

 

03/01/16

 

7.83

 

01/02/17

 

9.14

 

01/02/19

 

9.01

 

04/01/16

 

8.08

 

02/01/17

 

9.15

 

04/01/19

 

8.96

 

05/02/16

 

8.32

 

03/01/17

 

9.16

 

07/01/19

 

8.92

 

06/01/16

 

8.45

 

04/03/17

 

9.17

 

10/01/19

 

8.87

 

07/01/16

 

8.50

 

07/03/17

 

9.20

 

01/02/20

 

8.83

 

08/01/16

 

8.69

 

10/02/17

 

9.19

 

04/01/20

 

8.78

 

09/01/16

 

8.84

 

01/02/18

 

9.14

 

07/01/20

 

8.75

 

10/03/16

 

8.95

 

04/02/18

 

9.14

 

10/01/20

 

8.71

 

11/01/16

 

9.02

 

07/02/18

 

9.12

 

01/04/21

 

8.68

 

 

EUR Interest Rate

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

1M

 

-0.21

 

6M

 

-0.08

 

11M

 

-0.06

 

2M

 

-0.16

 

7M

 

-0.07

 

12M

 

-0.06

 

3M

 

-0.13

 

8M

 

-0.07

 

2Y

 

0.03

 

4M

 

-0.11

 

9M

 

-0.06

 

3Y

 

0.06

 

5M

 

-0.09

 

10M

 

-0.06

 

4Y

 

0.19

 

 

CAD Interest Rate

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

Maturity

 

Rate (% p.a.)

 

1M

 

0.88

 

6M

 

0.96

 

11M

 

0.81

 

2M

 

0.87

 

7M

 

0.92

 

12M

 

0.79

 

3M

 

0.87

 

8M

 

0.88

 

2Y

 

0.83

 

4M

 

0.92

 

9M

 

0.85

 

3Y

 

0.95

 

5M

 

0.95

 

10M

 

0.83

 

4Y

 

1.08

 

 

Currencies - Ending rates

 

CAD/US$

 

0.7212

 

US$/BRL

 

3.9048

 

EUR/US$

 

1.0934

 

 

58



Table of Contents

 

 

25.                     Stockholders’ equity

 

a)        Share capital

 

Stockholders’ equity is represented by common shares (“ON”) and preferred non-redeemable shares (“PNA”) without par value. Preferred shares have the same rights as common shares, with the exception of voting rights to elect members of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may, regardless of changes to bylaws, issue new shares (authorized capital), including the capitalization of profits and reserves to the extent authorized.

 

At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the share capital was R$77,300 corresponding to 5,244,316,120 shares issued and fully paid without par value.

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

Stockholders

 

ON

 

PNA

 

Total

 

Valepar S.A.

 

1,716,435,045

 

20,340,000

 

1,736,775,045

 

Brazilian Government (Golden Share)

 

 

12

 

12

 

Foreign investors - ADRs

 

814,888,084

 

664,356,644

 

1,479,244,728

 

FMP - FGTS

 

80,275,389

 

 

80,275,389

 

PIBB - BNDES

 

1,391,867

 

1,546,759

 

2,938,626

 

BNDESPar

 

206,378,882

 

66,185,272

 

272,564,154

 

Foreign institutional investors in local market

 

250,366,203

 

659,351,871

 

909,718,074

 

Institutional investors

 

77,393,251

 

146,982,509

 

224,375,760

 

Retail investors in Brazil

 

38,524,279

 

408,958,859

 

447,483,138

 

Shares outstanding

 

3,185,653,000

 

1,967,721,926

 

5,153,374,926

 

Shares in treasury

 

31,535,402

 

59,405,792

 

90,941,194

 

Total issued shares

 

3,217,188,402

 

2,027,127,718

 

5,244,316,120

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amounts per class of shares (in millions)

 

47,421

 

29,879

 

77,300

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total authorized shares

 

7,200,000,000

 

3,600,000,000

 

10,800,000,000

 

 

b)        Profit reserves

 

The amount of profit reserves are distributed as follow:

 

 

 

Investments reserve

 

Legal reserve

 

Tax incentive reserve

 

Total of profit
reserves

 

Balance on December 31, 2013

 

58,725

 

8,084

 

2,453

 

69,262

 

Capitalization of reserves

 

(28

)

 

(2,272

)

(2,300

)

Cancellation of treasury stock

 

(5,092

)

 

 

(5,092

)

Realization of reserves

 

(8,994

)

 

 

(8,994

)

Allocation of income

 

 

47

 

162

 

209

 

Balance on December 31, 2014

 

44,611

 

8,131

 

343

 

53,085

 

Dividends and interest on capital of Vale’s stockholders

 

(5,026

)

 

 

(5,026

)

Allocation of loss

 

(39,585

)

(4,285

)

(343

)

(44,213

)

Balance on December 31, 2015

 

 

3,846

 

––

 

3,846

 

 

Investment reserve - aims to ensure the maintenance and development of activities that comprise the Company’s operations in an amount not exceeding 50% of distributable annual net income, limited to the total capital.

 

Legal reserve - is a requirement for all Brazilian public companies and represents the appropriation of 5% of annual net income based on Brazilian law, up to 20% of the capital.

 

Tax incentive reserve - results from the option to designate a portion of the income tax for investments in projects approved by the Brazilian Government as well as tax incentives (note 20).

 

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c)         Unrealized fair value gain (losses)

 

 

 

Retirement benefit
obligations

 

Cash flow hedge

 

Available-for-sale
financial
instruments

 

Conversion shares

 

Total gain (losses)

 

Balance December 31, 2013

 

(1,605

)

(108

)

(4

)

(1,098

)

(2,815

)

Other comprehensive income

 

(453

)

(1,044

)

 

 

(1,497

)

Translation adjustment

 

(187

)

(52

)

 

(2

)

(241

)

Balance December 31, 2014

 

(2,245

)

(1,204

)

(4

)

(1,100

)

(4,553

)

Other comprehensive income

 

260

 

1,458

 

2

 

 

1,720

 

Translation adjustment

 

(758

)

(279

)

(2

)

(1

)

(1,040

)

Balance December 31, 2015

 

(2,743

)

(25

)

(4

)

(1,101

)

(3,873

)

 

d)        Basic and diluted earnings per share

 

Basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows:

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

Net income (loss) attributable to Vale’s stockholders

 

(44,213

)

954

 

115

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted earnings per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) available to preferred stockholders

 

(16,882

)

364

 

43

 

Income (loss) available to common stockholders

 

(27,331

)

590

 

72

 

Total

 

(44,213

)

954

 

115

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (thousands of shares) - preferred shares

 

1,967,722

 

1,967,722

 

1,967,722

 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (thousands of shares) - common shares

 

3,185,653

 

3,185,653

 

3,185,653

 

Total

 

5,153,375

 

5,153,375

 

5,153,375

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted earnings per share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred share

 

(8.58

)

0.19

 

0.02

 

Common share

 

(8.58

)

0.19

 

0.02

 

 

e)         Remuneration to the Company’s stockholders

 

Vale’s by-laws determine the minimum remuneration to stockholders of 25% of net income, after adjustments from Brazil’s legal requirements. The minimum remuneration includes the rights of stockholders Class “A” of preferred shares which provides priority to receive of 3% of the equity or 6% on the portion of capital formed by these classes of shares, whichever higher.

 

The proposal of stockholders’ remuneration was calculated as follows:

 

 

 

2015

 

Loss

 

(44,213

)

Realization of reserves

 

5,026

 

Allocation of loss

 

44,213

 

 

 

5,026

 

Remuneration:

 

 

 

Mandatory minimum (includes the rights of the preferred shares)

 

 

Additional remuneration

 

5,026

 

 

 

5,026

 

Remuneration by nature:

 

 

 

Interest on capital

 

3,101

 

Dividends

 

1,925

 

 

 

5,026

 

 

 

 

 

Total remuneration per share

 

0.975370524

 

 

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The amounts paid to stockholders, by nature of remuneration, are as follows:

 

 

 

Dividends

 

Interest on capital

 

Total

 

Amount per share

 

Amounts paid in 2013

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

First installment - April

 

792

 

3,661

 

4,453

 

0.864045420

 

Second installment - October

 

621

 

4,245

 

4,866

 

0.944337462

 

Total

 

1,413

 

7,906

 

9,319

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amounts paid in 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

First installment - April

 

 

4,632

 

4,632

 

0.898904129

 

Second installment - October

 

1,752

 

3,355

 

5,107

 

0.990876867

 

Total

 

1,752

 

7,987

 

9,739

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amounts paid in 2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

First installment - April

 

 

3,101

 

3,101

 

0.601760991

 

Second installment - October

 

1,925

 

 

1,925

 

0.373609533

 

Total

 

1,925

 

3,101

 

5,026

 

 

 

 

In January, 2016 (subsequent event), Vale announced that, in compliance with its dividend policy and due to price volatility in mineral commodities, the Executive Board has approved and will submit to the Board of Directors a proposal for a minimum dividend equal to zero for 2016. As the scenario is clearly defined and there is sufficient cash flow, the Board of Directors may decide on the distribution of remuneration to shareholders.

 

26.                     Costs and expenses by nature

 

a)        Cost of goods sold and services rendered

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

Personnel

 

7,770

 

7,273

 

7,060

 

3,597

 

3,228

 

Material and service

 

12,834

 

12,775

 

13,236

 

5,619

 

5,951

 

Fuel oil and gas

 

4,339

 

3,842

 

3,889

 

2,590

 

2,481

 

Maintenance

 

8,754

 

5,652

 

4,098

 

5,397

 

4,579

 

Energy

 

1,892

 

1,416

 

1,430

 

926

 

674

 

Acquisition of products

 

2,531

 

3,800

 

3,056

 

684

 

1,071

 

Depreciation and depletion

 

11,803

 

9,086

 

8,031

 

4,147

 

3,291

 

Freight

 

11,877

 

8,514

 

6,979

 

 

 

Others

 

6,858

 

6,729

 

4,732

 

4,562

 

4,818

 

Total

 

68,658

 

59,087

 

52,511

 

27,522

 

26,093

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of goods sold

 

66,933

 

56,863

 

48,450

 

26,467

 

24,693

 

Cost of services rendered

 

1,725

 

2,224

 

4,061

 

1,055

 

1,400

 

Total

 

68,658

 

59,087

 

52,511

 

27,522

 

26,093

 

 

b)        Selling and administrative expenses

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

Personnel

 

870

 

1,030

 

1,062

 

509

 

597

 

Services (consulting, infrastructure and others)

 

378

 

465

 

722

 

194

 

292

 

Advertising and publicity

 

39

 

97

 

97

 

30

 

85

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

445

 

522

 

413

 

321

 

330

 

Travel expenses

 

37

 

56

 

40

 

19

 

31

 

Taxes and rents

 

52

 

66

 

54

 

22

 

18

 

Others

 

322

 

367

 

416

 

46

 

88

 

Total

 

2,143

 

2,603

 

2,804

 

1,141

 

1,441

 

 

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c)         Others operational expenses (incomes), net

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

Provision for litigation

 

111

 

417

 

(225

)

(53

)

484

 

Provision for loss with VAT credits (ICMS)

 

728

 

338

 

383

 

767

 

593

 

Provision for profit sharing program

 

64

 

299

 

471

 

41

 

227

 

Provision for disposal of materials and inventories (i)

 

505

 

476

 

348

 

74

 

37

 

Gold stream transaction

 

(722

)

 

(492

)

 

 

VAT – settlement program

 

 

 

389

 

 

 

Results on sale or disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangible

 

295

 

232

 

213

 

165

 

198

 

Fundação Vale S.A.

 

40

 

33

 

57

 

41

 

34

 

Others (ii)

 

(435

)

765

 

1,013

 

(1,107

)

423

 

Total

 

586

 

2,560

 

2,157

 

(72

)

1,996

 

 


(i) Includes depreciation in the amount of R$200 for the year ended December 31, 2015.

(ii) The Company reviewed its mining plans, extending the life of some of its assets and the scope of work, and the excess of R$1,281 between the difference of the liability reduction and the related asset retirement obligation in property, plant and equipment was recognized as other expenses.

 

27.                     Financial result

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

Financial expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans and borrowings gross interest

 

(5,518

)

(4,080

)

(3,398

)

(5,295

)

(3,449

)

Capitalized loans and borrowing costs

 

2,531

 

1,387

 

519

 

1,258

 

738

 

Labor, tax and civil lawsuits

 

(193

)

(218

)

(242

)

(127

)

(206

)

Derivative financial instruments

 

(11,969

)

(4,885

)

(3,031

)

(7,471

)

(2,496

)

Indexation and exchange rate variation (a)

 

(46,887

)

(11,716

)

(10,056

)

(45,899

)

(9,711

)

Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

3,039

 

(665

)

(800

)

3,039

 

(665

)

Expenses of REFIS

 

(1,795

)

(1,603

)

(6,039

)

(1,758

)

(1,570

)

Others

 

(1,913

)

(1,640

)

(1,190

)

(697

)

(1,136

)

 

 

(62,705

)

(23,420

)

(24,237

)

(56,950

)

(18,495

)

Financial income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Short-term investments

 

552

 

449

 

224

 

276

 

322

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

3,885

 

1,461

 

810

 

2,994

 

1,246

 

Indexation and exchange rate variation (b)

 

21,376

 

6,271

 

3,572

 

22,445

 

5,599

 

Others

 

354

 

486

 

1,189

 

107

 

212

 

 

 

26,167

 

8,667

 

5,795

 

25,822

 

7,379

 

Financial results, net

 

(36,538

)

(14,753

)

(18,442

)

(31,128

)

(11,116

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Summary of indexation and exchange rate variation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans and borrowings

 

(34,630

)

(8,131

)

(7,314

)

(12,954

)

(2,517

)

Related parties

 

(3

)

1

 

23

 

(20,756

)

(2,743

)

Others

 

9,122

 

2,685

 

807

 

10,256

 

1,148

 

Net (a) + (b)

 

(25,511

)

(5,445

)

(6,484

)

(23,454

)

(4,112

)

 

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28.                     Deferred revenue - Gold stream

 

In 2013, the Company entered into a gold stream transaction (“original transaction”) with Silver Wheaton Corp. (“SLW”) to sell 25% of the gold extracted during the life of the mine as a by-product of Salobo copper mine (“Salobo transaction”) and 70% of the gold extracted during the next 20 years as a by-product of the Sudbury nickel mines (“Sudbury transaction”). The Company received up-front cash proceeds of US$1,900 (R$4,060).

 

The original transaction was amended in March, 2015 to include an additional 25% of gold extracted during the life of the mine as a by-product of Salobo copper mine (“amended transaction”). The Company received up-front cash proceeds of US$900 (R$2,826). The Company may also receive an additional cash payment contingent on its decision to expand the capacity to process Salobo copper ores until 2036. The additional amount could range from US$88 to US$720 depending on timing and size of the expansion.

 

As the gold is delivered to SLW, Vale receives a payment equal to the lesser of: (i) US$400 per ounce of refined gold delivered (which payment will be subject to an annual increase of 1% per year commencing on January 1, 2017 for the original and amended transactions and each January 1 thereafter) and (ii) the reference market price on the date of delivery.

 

This transaction was bifurcated into two identifiable components: (i) the sale of the mineral rights and, (ii) the services for gold extraction on the portion in which Vale operates as an agent for SLW gold extraction.

 

The result of the sale of the mineral rights of R$722 was recognized in the income statement under other operating expenses, net. The portion related to the provision of future services for gold extraction was recorded as deferred revenue (liability) in the amount of R$1,670 and will be recognized in the income statement as the service is rendered and the gold extracted. During the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company recognized in income statement R$$361 and R$$151, respectively, related to rendered services of the original and amended transactions.

 

The deferred revenue is recognized based on the units of gold extracted compared to the total of proven and probable gold reserves negotiated with SLW. Defining the gain on sale of mineral interest and the deferred revenue portion of the transaction requires the use of critical accounting estimates as follow:

 

· Discount rates used to measure the present value of future inflows and outflows;

· Allocation of costs between copper and gold based on relative prices;

· Expected margin for the independent elements (sale of mineral rights and service for gold extraction) based on Company’s best estimate.

 

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29.                     Commitments

 

a)        Base metals operations

 

i)           Nickel Operations – New Caledonia

 

In regards to the construction and installation of the nickel plant in New Caledonia, Vale Canada Limited (“Vale Canada”) provided guarantees in respect of a special financing arrangement, structured under French tax law, to BNP Paribas (agent for the benefit of certain French institutional tax investors). The guarantees relate to lease finance payments due from Vale Nouvelle-Calédonie S.A.S. (“VNC”) to a special purpose company held by the French tax investors in respect of certain assets of the plant.  Consistent with VNC’s commitments under the financing structure, these assets were substantially complete as at December 31, 2012. Vale Canada has committed that these assets will operate for a five year period following substantial completion. Vale Canada believes the likelihood of the guarantees being called upon is remote.

 

In October 2012, Vale Canada entered into an agreement with Sumic Nickel Netherland B.V. (“Sumic”), a shareholder in VNC, to amend the shareholders’ agreement to reflect Sumic’s agreement to the dilution of their interest in VNC from 21% to 14.5%. Sumic originally held a put option to sell to Vale Canada the shares they own in VNC if the defined cost of the initial project exceeded a certain limit and an agreement could not be reached on how to proceed with the project.  In October 2012, the trigger for the put option changed from a cost threshold to a production test and later the put option date was extended to December 31, 2015.  VNC did not achieve the production test by December 31, 2015 and Sumic’s put option was automatically triggered. Consequently, Sumic will sell its shares in VNC to Vale Canada in 2016.  As the put option was automatically triggered in December 2015, Vale recognized in its equity the amount related to 14.5% of VNC and the liabilities for Sumic as related parties (note 30).

 

ii)       Nickel Operations — Indonesia

 

In October 2014, Vale subsidiary PT Vale Indonesia Tbk (“PTVI”), a public company in Indonesia, renegotiated its agreement with the Government to operate (known as the Contract of Work (“CoW”)). The renegotiation included an undertaking by PTVI to further divest 20% of its shares to Indonesian participants (approximately 20% of PTVI’s shares already being registered on the Indonesian stock exchange) within five years. This undertaking will be fulfilled by PTVI’s existing major shareholders, being Vale Canada and Sumitomo Metal Mining, Co., Ltd., on a pro rata basis. The renegotiated CoW impacted 2014 income statement, recorded as a loss of R$441 as results on measurement or sales of non-current assets.

 

iii)   Nickel Operations — Canada

 

The subsidiaries Vale Canada, Vale Newfoundland & Labrador Limited (“VNLL”) and the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador (the “Province”) signed a Development Agreement under rights and obligations with respect to the development and operation of the Voisey’s Bay mine along with certain other obligations with respect to processing in the Province and the export of nickel and copper concentrate. On December 19, 2014, the Sixth Amendment to the Development Agreement was executed.  The Sixth Amendment includes operational and other key commitments in the Development Agreement.  As such, under the Development Agreement, as amended, VNLL has a potential obligation secured by letters of credit and other security, which may become due and payable in the event that certain commitments in relation to the construction of the underground mine are delayed or not met.

 

In the course of the operations the Company has provided other letters of credit and guarantees in the amount of R$3,9 billion that are associated with items such as environment reclamation, asset retirement obligation commitments, insurance, electricity commitments, post-retirement benefits, community service commitments and import and export duties.

 

b)        Participative stockholders’ debentures

 

At the time of its privatization in 1997, Vale issued debentures to then-existing stockholders, including the Brazilian Government. The debentures’ terms were set to ensure that pre-privatization stockholders would participate in potential future benefits that might be obtained from exploiting mineral resources.

 

A total of 388,559,056 debentures were issued with a par value of R$0.01 (one cent of Brazilian Real), whose value will be inflation-indexed the General Market Price Index (“IGP-M”), as set out in the Issue Deed. The Company paid as semiannual remuneration the amount of R$207 and R$285, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

 

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c)         Operating lease obligations

 

The future payment commitments for operating lease are as follows:

 

2016

 

187

 

2017

 

196

 

2018

 

206

 

2019

 

177

 

2020 and thereafter

 

186

 

Total minimum payments required

 

952

 

 

d)        Guarantees provided

 

At December 31, 2015, corporate guarantees provided by Vale (within the limit of its direct or indirect interest) for the companies Norte Energia S.A. and Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém S.A. totaled R$1,070 and R$4,576, respectively. Due to the conclusion of the energy generation assets transaction (note 5), the guarantee of Norte Energia S.A. is shared with Cemig GT.

 

30.                     Related parties

 

Transactions with related parties are made by the Company at arm´s-length, observing the price and usual market conditions and therefore do not generate any undue benefit to their counterparties or loss to the Company.

 

In the normal course of operations, Vale enters into contracts with related parties (subsidiaries, associates, joint ventures and stockholders), related to the sale and purchase of products and services, loans, leasing of assets, sale of raw material and railway transportation services.

 

The balances of these related party transactions and their effects on the financial statements are as follows:

 

 

 

Assets

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Cash and
cash
equivalents

 

Derivative
financial
instruments

 

Accounts
receivable

 

Related
parties

 

Cash and
cash
equivalents

 

Derivative
financial
instruments

 

Accounts
receivable

 

Related
parties

 

Banco Bradesco S.A.

 

144

 

258

 

 

 

159

 

64

 

 

 

Banco do Brasil S.A.

 

1,544

 

62

 

 

 

1,134

 

93

 

 

 

Baovale Mineração S.A.

 

 

 

 

4

 

 

 

10

 

24

 

Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

 

 

Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

3

 

14

 

 

 

 

 

Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

33

 

 

 

 

 

Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

35

 

 

 

 

 

Consórcio de Rebocadores Baia de São Marcos

 

 

 

60

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A.

 

 

 

12

 

 

 

 

24

 

 

Mitsui & Co., Ltd.

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

25

 

 

MRS Logística S.A.

 

 

 

 

65

 

 

 

9

 

64

 

Samarco Mineração S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

63

 

822

 

Teal Minerals Inc.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

573

 

VLI Multimodal S.A.

 

 

 

36

 

 

 

 

67

 

 

VLI Operações Portuárias S.A.

 

 

 

99

 

 

 

 

69

 

 

VLI S.A.

 

 

 

 

39

 

 

 

25

 

 

Others

 

 

 

91

 

66

 

 

 

278

 

147

 

Total

 

1,688

 

320

 

306

 

278

 

1,293

 

157

 

570

 

1,630

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Suppliers
and
contractors

 

Derivative
financial
instruments

 

Related
parties

 

Loans and
borrowings

 

Suppliers
and
contractors

 

Derivative
financial
instruments

 

Related
parties

 

Loans and
borrowings

 

Aliança Geração de Energia S.A.

 

43

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Banco Bradesco S.A.

 

 

800

 

 

1,445

 

 

409

 

 

27

 

Banco do Brasil S.A.

 

 

976

 

 

10,250

 

 

356

 

 

6,694

 

Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (“BNDES”)

 

 

152

 

 

15,877

 

 

 

 

12,527

 

Baovale Mineração S.A.

 

29

 

 

 

 

10

 

 

 

 

BNDES Participações S.A.

 

 

 

 

1,449

 

 

 

 

1,565

 

Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

15

 

 

273

 

 

3

 

 

227

 

 

Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

143

 

 

26

 

 

85

 

 

 

 

Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

12

 

 

252

 

 

2

 

 

125

 

 

Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

34

 

 

436

 

 

5

 

 

389

 

 

Consórcio Rebocadores Baia de São Marcos

 

30

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ferrovia Centro Atlântica S.A.

 

 

 

266

 

 

 

 

261

 

 

Mitsui & Co., Ltd.

 

41

 

 

 

 

 

25

 

 

 

 

MRS Logística S.A.

 

91

 

 

 

 

67

 

 

 

 

Sumic Nickel Netherland B.V.

 

 

 

1,374

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

93

 

 

59

 

 

89

 

 

99

 

 

Total

 

531

 

1,928

 

2,686

 

29,021

 

286

 

765

 

1,101

 

20,813

 

 

 

 

Assets

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Cash and
cash
equivalents

 

Accounts
receivable

 

Derivative
financial
instruments

 

Related
parties

 

Cash and
cash
equivalents

 

Accounts
receivable

 

Derivative
financial
instruments

 

Related
parties

 

Aliança Geração de Energia S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

 

 

24

 

Banco Bradesco S.A.

 

44

 

 

258

 

 

45

 

 

64

 

 

Banco do Brasil S.A.

 

217

 

 

62

 

 

433

 

 

93

 

 

Biopalma da Amazônia S.A.

 

 

 

 

1,360

 

 

 

 

992

 

Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

 

 

Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

14

 

 

 

 

 

Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

33

 

 

 

 

 

Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

35

 

 

 

 

 

Companhia Portuária Baía de Sepetiba

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

119

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mineração Brasileiras Reunidas S.A.

 

 

 

 

161

 

 

 

 

352

 

Mineração Corumbaense Reunidas S.A.

 

 

51

 

 

 

 

37

 

 

226

 

MRS Logística S.A.

 

 

 

 

27

 

 

9

 

 

28

 

Salobo Metais S.A.

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

155

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Samarco Mineração S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

63

 

 

822

 

Vale International S.A.

 

 

36,518

 

 

 

331

 

 

30,019

 

 

276

 

VLI Multimodal S.A.

 

 

36

 

 

 

 

67

 

 

 

VLI Operações Portuárias S.A.

 

 

99

 

 

 

 

69

 

 

 

VLI S.A.

 

 

 

 

39

 

 

25

 

 

 

Others

 

 

230

 

 

6

 

 

267

 

 

409

 

Total

 

261

 

36,956

 

320

 

2,302

 

478

 

30,566

 

157

 

3,129

 

 

 

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

December 31, 2015

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Suppliers
and
contractors

 

Derivative
financial
instruments

 

Related
parties

 

Loans and
borrowings

 

Suppliers
and
contractors

 

Derivative
financial
instruments

 

Related
parties

 

Loans and
borrowings

 

Aliança Geração de Energia S.A.

 

43

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Banco Bradesco S.A.

 

 

800

 

 

1,445

 

 

409

 

 

27

 

Banco do Brasil S.A.

 

 

976

 

 

10,250

 

 

356

 

 

6,694

 

Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (“BNDES”)

 

 

152

 

 

14,405

 

 

 

 

11,639

 

Baovale Mineração S.A.

 

29

 

 

 

 

10

 

 

 

 

BNDES Participações S.A.

 

 

 

 

1,449

 

 

 

 

1,565

 

Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

15

 

 

 

 

3

 

 

 

 

Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

143

 

 

 

 

85

 

 

 

 

Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

12

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

34

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

Companhia Portuária Baía de Sepetiba

 

484

 

 

 

 

148

 

 

 

 

Ferrovia Centro Atlântica S.A.

 

 

 

266

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mineração Brasileiras Reunidas S.A.

 

510

 

 

3,172

 

 

 

 

261

 

 

Mitsui & Co., Ltd.

 

 

 

 

 

28

 

 

 

 

MRS Logística S.A.

 

91

 

 

 

 

67

 

 

 

 

Vale International S.A.

 

5

 

 

66,814

 

 

314

 

 

48,532

 

 

Others

 

257

 

 

359

 

 

93

 

 

435

 

 

Total

 

1,623

 

1,928

 

70,611

 

26,472

 

755

 

765

 

49,228

 

14,928

 

 

66



Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Net operating revenue

 

Costs and expenses

 

Financial result

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

Aliança Geração de Energia S.A.

 

44

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Banco Bradesco S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(218

)

(55

)

(7

)

Banco do Brasil S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,390

)

(155

)

 

Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (“BNDES”)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,331

)

(470

)

(388

)

Baovale Mineração S.A.

 

 

 

 

78

 

47

 

49

 

 

 

 

BNDES Participações S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(178

)

(95

)

(100

)

California Steel Industries, Inc.

 

 

420

 

458

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

270

 

230

 

134

 

 

 

 

Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

168

 

108

 

53

 

 

 

 

Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

224

 

115

 

58

 

 

 

 

Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

365

 

369

 

112

 

 

 

 

Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico

 

 

 

 

 

495

 

489

 

 

 

 

Ferrovia Centro Atlântico S.A.

 

156

 

140

 

 

128

 

 

 

(5

)

 

 

Mitsui & Co., Ltd.

 

612

 

260

 

261

 

 

93

 

8

 

 

 

 

MRS Logística S.A.

 

 

 

 

1,620

 

1,407

 

1,324

 

 

 

 

Samarco Mineração S.A.

 

407

 

491

 

936

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Teal Minerals Inc.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

39

 

 

 

VLI Operações Portuárias S.A.

 

205

 

474

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

VLI S.A.

 

630

 

351

 

 

 

 

 

 

18

 

 

Others

 

183

 

246

 

181

 

149

 

209

 

48

 

(9

)

46

 

49

 

Total

 

2,237

 

2,382

 

1,836

 

3,002

 

3,073

 

2,275

 

(3,092

)

(711

)

(446

)

 

 

 

Parent Company

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

Net operating revenue

 

Costs and expenses

 

Financial result

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2015

 

2014

 

2015

 

2014

 

Banco Bradesco S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

(219

)

(56

)

Banco do Brasil S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

(1,390

)

(286

)

Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (“BNDES”)

 

 

 

 

 

(1,295

)

(464

)

Baovale Mineração S.A.

 

 

 

78

 

47

 

 

 

Biopalma da Amazônia S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

517

 

158

 

BNDES Participações S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

(178

)

(95

)

Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

270

 

230

 

 

 

Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

168

 

108

 

 

 

Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

234

 

115

 

 

 

Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

 

 

 

369

 

 

 

Companhia Portuária Baía de Sepetiba

 

 

 

892

 

625

 

 

 

Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico

 

 

 

365

 

 

 

 

Ferrovia Centro Atlântica S.A.

 

156

 

140

 

128

 

144

 

 

 

Mineração Brasileiras Reunidas S.A.

 

 

 

1,133

 

724

 

(172

)

 

MRS Logística S.A.

 

 

 

1,620

 

1,407

 

 

 

Samarco Mineração S.A.

 

408

 

491

 

 

 

 

 

Vale Energia S.A.

 

 

 

242

 

137

 

 

 

Vale International S.A.

 

37,251

 

48,050

 

 

 

(15,021

)

(4,288

)

VLI Operações Portuárias S.A.

 

205

 

474

 

 

 

 

 

VLI S.A.

 

754

 

351

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

146

 

232

 

21

 

52

 

(14

)

136

 

Total

 

38,920

 

49,738

 

5,151

 

3,958

 

(17,772

)

(4,895

)

 

The key management personnel remuneration is as follows:

 

 

 

Year ended December 31

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

Short-term benefits

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wages or pro-labor

 

25

 

25

 

23

 

Direct and indirect benefits

 

19

 

17

 

14

 

Bonus

 

24

 

28

 

19

 

 

 

68

 

70

 

56

 

Long-term benefits

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares based

 

2

 

2

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Termination of position

 

19

 

 

1

 

 

 

89

 

72

 

59

 

 

67



Table of Contents

 

 

31.                     Summary of the main accounting policies

 

a)        Functional currency and presentation currency

 

The financial statements of the Group and its associates and joint ventures are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (“functional currency”), which in the case of the Parent Company is the Brazilian real (“BRL” or “R$”). For presentation purposes, these financial statements are presented in R$.

 

Operations in other currencies are translated into the functional currency using the actual exchange rates in force on the respective transactions dates. The foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the translation at the exchange rates in force at the end of the year are recognized in the income statement as financial expense or income.

 

The income statement and balance sheet of the Group’s entities which functional currency is different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows: (i) assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity (except components described in item (iii)) are translated at the closing rate at the balance sheet date; (ii) income and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates, except for specific transactions that, considering their significance, are translated at the rate at the transaction date and; (iii) capital, capital reserves and treasury stock are translated at the rate at the date of each transaction. All resulting exchange differences are recognized in the comprehensive income as cumulative translation adjustment, and transferred to the income statement when the operations are realized.

 

The exchange rates used by the Group for major currencies to translate its operations are as follows:

 

 

 

Exchange rates used for conversions into R$

 

 

 

Closing rate

 

Average rate for the year ended

 

 

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

2015

 

2014

 

2013

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US dollar (“US$”)

 

3.9048

 

2.6562

 

2.3426

 

3.3387

 

2.3547

 

2.1605

 

Canadian dollar (“CAD”)

 

2.8171

 

2.2920

 

2.2031

 

2.6020

 

2.1308

 

2.0954

 

Australian dollar (“AUD”)

 

2.8532

 

2.1765

 

2.0941

 

2.4979

 

2.1205

 

2.0821

 

Euro (“EUR” or “€”)

 

4.2504

 

3.2270

 

3.2265

 

3.6999

 

3.1205

 

2.8716

 

 

b)        Consolidation and investments in associates and joint ventures

 

The financial statements reflect the assets, liabilities and transactions of the Parent Company and its direct and indirect controlled entities (“subsidiaries”). Intercompany balances and transactions, which include unrealized profits, are eliminated. Subsidiaries over which control is achieved through other means, such as stockholders agreement, are also consolidated even if the Company does not own a majority of the voting capital.

 

For entities over which the Company has joint control (“joint ventures”) or significant influence, but not control (“associates”), the investments are accounted for using the equity method. In the individual financial statements, investments in subsidiaries are also measured using the equity method. For interests in joint arrangements operations (“joint operations”), the Company recognizes its share of assets, liabilities and net income.

 

Unrealized gains on downstream or upstream transactions between the Company and its associates and joint ventures are eliminated fully or proportionately to the extent of the Company.

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

The composition of the Group (relevant entities based on its operations for the Group) and its non-consolidated entities are as follows:

 

 

 

Location

 

Principal activity

 

% ownership

 

% Voting capital

 

% Noncontrolling
interest or other
investors

 

Direct and indirect subsidiaries

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Companhia Portuária da Baía de Sepetiba

 

Brazil

 

Iron ore

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

0.0

%

Compañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C.

 

Peru

 

Fertilizers

 

40.0

%

51.0

%

60.0

%

Mineração Corumbaense Reunida S.A.

 

Brazil

 

Iron ore and manganese

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

0.0

%

Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A.

 

Brazil

 

Iron ore

 

62.5

%

98.3

%

37.5

%

Salobo Metais S.A.

 

Brazil

 

Copper

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

0.0

%

Vale International Holdings GmbH

 

Austria

 

Holding and research

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

0.0

%

Vale Canada Holdings Inc.

 

Canada

 

Holding

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

0.0

%

Vale Canada Limited

 

Canada

 

Nickel

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

0.0

%

Vale Fertilizantes S.A.

 

Brazil

 

Fertilizers

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

0.0

%

Vale International S.A.

 

Switzerland

 

Trading and holding

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

0.0

%

Vale Malaysia Minerals Sdn. Bhd.

 

Malaysia

 

Iron ore

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

0.0

%

Vale Manganês S.A.

 

Brazil

 

Manganese and ferroalloys

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

0.0

%

Vale Moçambique S.A.

 

Mozambique

 

Coal

 

95.0

%

95.0

%

5.0

%

Vale Nouvelle Caledonie S.A.S.

 

New Caledonia

 

Nickel

 

80.5

%

80.5

%

19.5

%

Vale Shipping Holding Pte. Ltd.

 

Singapore

 

Iron ore

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

0.0

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Direct and indirect associates and joint ventures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aliança Geração de Energia S.A.

 

Brazil

 

Energy

 

55.0

%

55.0

%

45.0

%

Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

Brazil

 

Pellets

 

50.0

%

50.0

%

50.0

%

Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

Brazil

 

Pellets

 

50.9

%

51.0

%

49.1

%

Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

Brazil

 

Pellets

 

50.9

%

51.0

%

49.1

%

Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização

 

Brazil

 

Pellets

 

51.0

%

51.1

%

49.0

%

Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém

 

Brazil

 

Steel

 

50.0

%

50.0

%

50.0

%

Henan Longyu Energy Resources Co., Ltd.

 

China

 

Coal

 

25.0

%

25.0

%

75.0

%

MRS Logística S.A.

 

Brazil

 

Iron ore

 

40.0

%

40.0

%

60.0

%

Samarco Mineração S.A.

 

Brazil

 

Pellets

 

50.0

%

50.0

%

50.0

%

VLI S.A.

 

Brazil

 

Logistics

 

37.6

%

37.6

%

62.4

%

 

The accounting practices of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures are consistent with the policies adopted by the Parent Company.

 

c)         Noncontrolling interests

 

Investments held by investors in Vale’s subsidiaries are classified as noncontrolling interests. The Company treats transactions with noncontrolling interests as transactions with equity owners of the Group.

 

For purchases of noncontrolling interests, the difference between any amount paid and the portion acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in stockholders’ equity. Gains or losses on disposals of noncontrolling interest are also recorded in stockholders’ equity.

 

d)        Segment information

 

The Company discloses in note 3, segment information in accordance with the principles and concepts used by the chief operating decision makers in evaluating performance and allocating resources. The information is analyzed by operating segment as follows:

 

i.            Ferrous minerals

 

Ferrous minerals comprises the production and extraction of ferrous minerals, as iron ore, pellets and its logistic services (railroads, ports and terminals), manganese and ferroalloys, and others ferrous products and services.

 

ii.        Coal

 

Coal comprises the extraction of coal and its logistic services (railroads, ports and terminals).

 

iii.    Base metals

 

Base metals include the production and extraction of non-ferrous minerals, and are presented as nickel and its by-products (ferro-nickel, copper, precious metals and others) and copper (copper concentrated).

 

69



Table of Contents

 

 

iv.     Fertilizers

 

Fertilizers include the production of the three major groups of nutrients (potash, phosphate and nitrogen) and other fertilizers products.

 

v.         Others

 

The segments of others comprise sales and expenses of other products, services and investments in joint ventures and associate in other businesses.

 

e)         Accounts receivables

 

Account receivables are financial instruments classified in the category loan and receivables and represent the total amount due from sale of products and services rendered by the Company. The receivables are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost, net of impairment losses, when applicable.

 

f)          Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or the net realizable value. The inventory production cost is determined on the basis of variable and fixed costs, direct and indirect costs of production, using the average cost method. An allowance for losses on obsolete or slow-moving inventory is recognized.

 

g)        Assets and liabilities held for sale

 

When the Company is committed to sale assets which (i) are available for immediate disposal; (ii) the sale is highly probable; and (iii) the carrying amount of these assets will be recovered through the sale rather than the continuing use, these assets and related liabilities are classified as assets and liabilities held for sale. The assets and related liabilities which are classified as held for sale are described in note 5.

 

The non-current assets and related liabilities held for sale are recognized as current assets and are measured at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.

 

h)        Stripping Costs

 

The cost associated with the removal of overburden and other waste materials (“stripping costs”) incurred during the development of mines, before production takes place, are capitalized as part of the depreciable cost of developing the mining property. These costs are subsequently amortized over the useful life of the mine.

 

Post-production stripping costs are included in the cost of inventory, except when a new project is developed to permit access to a significant body of ore. In such cases, the cost is capitalized as a non-current asset and is amortized during the extraction of the body of ore, over the useful life of the body of ore.

 

Stripping costs are measured at fixed and variable costs directly and indirectly attributable to its removal and, when applicable, net of any impairment losses measured in same basis adopted for the cash generating unit of which it is part.

 

i)           Intangibles

 

Intangibles are carried at the acquisition cost, net of amortization and impairment.

 

Intangibles with finite useful lives are amortized over their effective use and are tested for impairment whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. Assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized and are tested for impairment at least annually.

 

The Company holds railway concessions which are valid over a certain period of time. Those assets are classified as intangible assets and amortized over the shorter of their useful lives and the concession term at the end of which they will be returned to the government.

 

Intangibles acquired in a business combination are recognized separately from goodwill.

 

70



Table of Contents

 

 

The estimated useful lives are as follows:

 

 

 

Useful life

Concessions

 

3 to 12 years

Right of use

 

22 to 31 years

Software

 

3 to 5 years

 

j)           Property, plant and equipment

 

Property, plant and equipment are evaluated at the cost of acquisition or construction, net of amortization and impairment.

 

Mining assets developed internally are determined by (i) direct and indirect costs attributed to build the mine site  and plant, (ii) financial charges incurred during the construction period, (iii) depreciation of other fixed assets used into building, (iv) estimated decommissioning and site restoration expenses, and (iv) other capitalized expenditures occurred during the development phase (phase when the project demonstrates its economic benefit to the Company, and the Company has ability and intention to complete the project).

 

The depletion of mining assets is determined based on the ratio between production and total proven and probable mineral reserves. Property, plant and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives, from the date on which the assets become available for their intended use, except for land which is not depreciated.

 

The estimated useful lives are as follows:

 

 

 

Useful life

Buildings

 

15 to 50 years

Facilities

 

8 to 50 years

Equipment

 

3 to 33 years

Mining assets

 

Production

Others:

 

 

Locomotives

 

12.5 to 25 years

Wagon

 

33 to 44 years

Railway equipment

 

5 to 50 years

Ships

 

5 to 20 years

Others

 

2 to 50 years

 

The residual values and useful lives of assets are reviewed at the end of each fiscal year and adjusted if necessary.

 

Significant industrial maintenance costs, including spare parts, assembly services, and others, are recorded in property, plant and equipment and depreciated through the next programmed maintenance overhaul.

 

k)        Research and evaluation

 

i.            Exploration and evaluation expenditures

 

Expenditures on mining research are accounted for as operating expenses until the effective proof of economic feasibility and commercial viability of a given field can be demonstrated. From then on, the expenditures incurred are capitalized as mine development costs.

 

ii.        Expenditures on feasibility studies, new technologies and others research

 

The Company also conducts feasibility studies for many businesses which it operates including researching new technologies to optimize the mining process. After these costs are proven to generate future benefits to the Company, the expenditures incurred are capitalized.

 

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l)           Impairment of assets

 

The Company assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is evidence that the carrying amount of financial assets measured through amortized cost and long-live non-financial asset should be impaired.

 

For financial assets measured through amortized cost, Vale compares the carrying amount with the expected cash flows of the asset, and when appropriate, the carrying value is adjusted to reflect the present value of future cash flows.

 

For long-lived non-financial assets (such as intangible or property plant and equipment), when impairment indication are identified, a test is conducted by comparing the recoverable value of these assets grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows of the cash-generating unit (“CGU”) to which the asset belongs to their carrying amount. If the Company identifies the need for impairment, it is applied to each asset’s cash-generating unit. The recoverable amount is the higher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell.

 

The Company determines its cash flows based on approved budgets, considering mineral reserves and mineral resources calculated by internal experts, costs and investments based on the best estimate of past performance and approved budgets, sale prices consistent with the projections used in reports published by industry considering the market price when available and appropriate. Cash flows used are based on the life of each cash-generating unit (consumption of reserve units in the case of minerals) and considering discount rates that reflect specific risks relating to the relevant assets in each cash-generating unit, depending on their composition and location.

 

Regardless the indication of impairment of its carrying value, goodwill balances arising from business combinations, intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and land are tested for impairment at least once a year.

 

Non-current assets (excluding goodwill) which the Company recognized impairment are reviewed whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the impairment may no longer be applicable. In such cases, an impairment reversal will be recognized.

 

m)    Suppliers and contractors

 

Accounts payable to suppliers and contractors are obligations to pay for goods and services that were acquired in the ordinary course of business. They are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method.

 

The Company has transactions with payment terms up to 360 days. Under these circumstances, some suppliers discounts their receivables with financial institutions to a range of Libor+0.4% p.a. to Libor+1.3% p.a. These operations amount to R$1,056 and R$749 at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and are adjusted to present value, which the accrued interest is recognized as interest expense in the income statement.

 

n)        Loans and borrowings

 

Loans and borrowings are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred and are subsequently carried at amortized cost and updated using the effective interest rate method. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the Income statement over the period of the loan, using the effective interest rate method. The fees paid in obtaining the loan are recognized as transaction costs.

 

Loans and borrowing costs are capitalized as part of property, plants and equipment if those costs are directly related to a qualified asset. The capitalization occurs until the qualified asset is ready for its intended use. The average capitalization rate is 46%. Borrowing costs that are not capitalized are recognized in the income statement in the period in which they are incurred.

 

o)        Leases

 

The Company classifies its contracts as a finance leases or operating leases based on the substance of the contract as to whether it is linked to the transfer of substantially all risks and benefits of the assets ownership to the Company during their useful life.

 

For finance leases, the lower of the fair value of the leased asset and the present value of minimum lease payments is recorded in tangible fixed assets and the corresponding obligation recorded in liabilities. For operating leases, payments are recognized on a straight line basis during the term of the contract as a cost or expense in the income statement.

 

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p)        Provisions

 

Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation (legal or constructive) resulting from a past event, and it is probable that the settlement of this obligation will result in an outflow of resources, and the amount of the obligation can be reasonably estimated. Provisions are reviewed and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate at the end of each reporting period. Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditure expected to be required to settle an obligation using a pre-tax rate, which reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. The increase in the obligation due to the passage of time is recognized as interest expense.

 

i.            Provision for asset retirement obligations

 

The provision made by the Company refers to costs related to mine closure and reclamation, with the completion of mining activities and decommissioning of assets related to mine. When the provision is recognized, the corresponding cost is capitalized as part of property plant and equipment and is depreciated on the same basis over the related asset and recorded in the income statement.

 

The long-term liability is subsequently measured using a long-term risk free discount rate applicable to the liability and recorded in the income statement as financial expenses until the Company makes payments related to mine closure and decommissioning of assets mining.

 

ii.        Provision for litigation

 

The provision refers to litigation and fines incurred by the Company. A provision is recognized when the obligation is considered probable and can be measured. The accounting counterpart for the obligation is an expense in income statement. This obligation is updated according to the evolution of the judicial process or interest incurred and can be reversed if the estimate of loss is not considered probable or settled when the obligation is paid.

 

q)        Employee benefits

 

i.            Current benefits — wages, vacations and related taxes

 

Payments of benefits such as wages or accrued vacation, as well the related social security taxes over those benefits are recognized monthly in income, on an accruals basis.

 

ii.        Current benefits — profit sharing program

 

The Company has a profit sharing program based on the performance goals achievement of the Company and its employees. The Company recognizes the provision based on the recurring measurement of the compliance with goals and results, using the accrual basis and recognition of present obligation arising from past events in the estimated outflow of resources in the future. The  provision is recorded as cost of goods sold and services rendered or operating expenses in accordance with the activity of each employee.

 

iii.    Non-current benefits — long-term incentive programs

 

The Company has established a procedure for awarding certain eligible executives (Matching and Virtual Shares Programs) with the goal of encouraging employee retention and optimum performance. Plan liabilities are measured at each reporting date, at their fair values, based on market prices. Obligations are measured at each reporting date, at fair values based on market prices. The compensation costs incurred are recognized in income during the vesting period as defined.

 

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iv.     Non-current benefits — pension costs and other post-retirement benefits

 

The Company has several retirement plans for its employees.

 

For defined contribution plans, the Company’s obligations are limited to a monthly contribution linked to a pre-defined percentage of the remuneration of employees enrolled in to these plans.

 

For defined benefit plans, actuarial calculations are periodically obtained for liabilities determined in accordance with the Projected Unit Credit Method in order to estimate the Company’s obligation. The liability recognized in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at that date, less the fair value of plan assets. The Company recognized in the income statement the costs of services, the interest expense of the obligations and the interest income of the plan assets. The remeasurement of gains and losses, return on plan assets (excluding the amount of interest on return of assets, which is recognized in income for the year) and changes in the effect of the ceiling of the active and onerous liabilities are recognized in comprehensive income for the year.

 

For overfunded plans, the Company does not recognize any assets or benefits in the balance sheet or income statement until such time as the use of the surplus is clearly defined. For underfunded plans, the Company recognizes actuarial liabilities and results arising from the actuarial valuation.

 

r)         Derivative financial instruments and hedge operations

 

Derivatives transactions in which are not qualified as hedge accounting are classified and presented as economic hedge, as the Company uses derivative instruments to manage its financial risks as a way of hedging against these risks. Derivative financial instruments are recognized as assets or liabilities in the balance sheet and are measured at their fair values. Changes in the fair values of derivatives are recorded in income statement or in stockholders’ equity when the transaction is eligible to be characterized as effective hedge accounting.

 

On the beginning of the hedge accounting operations, the Company documents the relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items with the objective of risk management and strategy for carrying out hedging operations. The Company also documents, both initially and on a continuously basis, that its assessment of whether the derivatives used in hedging transactions are highly effective.

 

The effective components of changes in the fair values of derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges are recorded as unrealized fair value gain or losses and recognized in stockholders’ equity; and their non-effective components recorded in income statement. The amounts recorded in the statement of comprehensive income, will only be transferred to income statement (costs, operating expenses or financial expenses) when the hedged item is actually realized.

 

s)          Financial instruments classification

 

The Company classifies its financial instruments in accordance with the purpose for which they were acquired, and determines the classification and initial recognition according to the following categories:

 

i.            Financial assets

 

Measured at fair value through net income — Financial assets held for trading acquired for the purpose of selling in the short-term. These instruments are measured at fair value, except for derivative financial instruments not classified as hedge accounting, considering the inclusion of the credit risk of counterparties on the calculation of the instruments.

 

Loans and receivables — Non-derivative financial instruments with fixed or defined payments, which are not quoted in an active market, are initially measured at fair value and subsequently at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

 

Held to maturity — Non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturities for which the Company has the intent and ability to hold them to maturity, are initially measured at fair value and subsequently at amortized cost.

 

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Available for sale — Non-derivative financial assets not classified in another category of financial instrument. Financial instruments in this category are measured at fair value, with changes in fair value until the moment of realization then recorded in the stockholders’ equity. On realization of the financial asset, its fair value is reclassified to income statement.

 

ii.        Financial liabilities

 

Measured at fair value through net income — Financial liabilities with the purpose of trading (repurchase) or which are initially measured at fair value by the Company, being irreversibly this method of classification.

 

Measured at amortized cost — Non-derivative financial liabilities with fixed and determinable payments and fixed maturities, which were not classified as measured at fair value through the income statement.

 

t)           Share capital

 

The Company repurchases its shares to hold in treasury for future sale or cancellation. These shares are recorded in a specific account as a reduction of stockholders´ equity at their acquisition value and carried at cost. These programs are approved by the Board of Directors with a determined terms and numbers of type of shares.

 

Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are recognized in stockholders’ equity as a deduction from the amount raised, net of taxes.

 

u)        Government grants and support

 

Government grants and support are accounted for when Company has reasonably complied with conditions set by the government in relation to the grants. The Company recognizes the grants in the income statement as a reduction in tax expense according to the nature of the item, and classified through retained earnings in stockholders’ equity during allocation of net income.

 

v)        Revenue recognition

 

Revenue is recognized when Vale transfers to its customers all of the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the product sold or when services are rendered. Net revenue excludes any applicable sales taxes and is recognized at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable to the extent that it is probable that economic benefits will flow to Vale and the revenues and costs can be reliably measured.

 

Depending on the contract, sales can be recognized when the product is available at the loading port, loaded on the ship or delivered to the destination. Service revenues are recognized in the amount by which the services are rendered and accepted by the customer.

 

In some cases, the sale price is determined on a provisional basis at the date of sale and the final selling price is subject to escalation clauses through date of final pricing. Revenue from the sale of provisionally priced products is recognized when the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the customer and the revenue can be measured reliably. At this date, the amount of revenue to be recognized is estimated based on the forward price of the product sold and later adjusted to reflect the final price.

 

Amounts billed to customers for shipping related to products sold by the Company are recognized as revenue when the Company is responsible for shipping. Shipping costs are recognized as operating costs.

 

w)      Current and deferred income taxes

 

Income taxes are recognized in the income statement, except for items recognized directly in stockholders’ equity.

 

The provision for income tax is calculated individually for each entity in the Group based on Brazilian tax rates, on an accrual basis, by applying the differential between the nominal local tax rates (based on rules in force in the location of the entity) and the Brazilian rate. The recognition of deferred taxes are based on temporary differences between carrying value and the tax basis of assets and liabilities as well as taxes losses carry forwards. The deferred income taxes assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against fiscal current liabilities and when the deferred income taxes assets and liabilities are related to income taxes recorded by the same taxation authority on the same taxable entity.

 

Deferred tax assets arising from tax losses, negative social contribution basis and temporary differences are registered taking into consideration the analysis of future performance, based on economic and financial projections, prepared based on internal assumptions and macroeconomic, trade and tax scenarios that may be subject to changes in future.

 

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x)        Basic and diluted earnings per share

 

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the income attributable to the stockholders of the Company, after accounting for the remuneration to the holders of equity securities, by the weighted average number of shares outstanding (total shares less treasury shares).

 

Diluted earnings per share are calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the conversion of all dilutive potential shares. The Company does not have mandatory convertible securities that could result in the dilution of the earning per share.

 

y)        Stockholder´s remuneration

 

The stockholder’s remuneration is paid on dividends and interest on capital. This remuneration is recognized as a liability in the financial statements of the Company based on bylaws. Any amount above the minimum compulsory remuneration approved by the bylaws shall only be recognized in current liabilities on the date that is approved by stockholders.

 

The Company is permitted to distribute interest attributable to stockholders’ equity. The calculation is based on the stockholders’ equity amounts as stated in the statutory accounting records and the interest rate applied may not exceed the Brazilian Government Long-term Interest Rate (“TJLP”) determined by the Central Bank of Brazil. Also, such interest may not exceed 50% of the net income for the year or 50% of retained earnings plus profit reserves as determined by Brazilian corporate law.

 

The benefit to the Company, as opposed to making a dividend payment, is a reduction in the income tax burden because this interest charge is tax deductible in Brazil. Income tax of 15% is withheld on behalf of the stockholders relative to the interest distribution. Under Brazilian law, interest attributed to stockholders’ equity is considered as part of the annual minimum mandatory dividend (note 25 (e)). This notional interest distribution is treated for accounting purposes as a deduction from stockholders’ equity in a manner similar to a dividend and the tax credit recorded in income.

 

z)         Value added statements

 

The Company prepares its consolidated and parent company value added statement in accordance with the accounting practices adopted in Brazil, applicable to public companies, which are submitted as part of the financial statements in accordance with Brazilian accounting practices. For IFRS purposes, this statement is presented as additional information, without prejudice to the set of financial statements.

 

32.                     Critical accounting estimates and judgments

 

The preparation of financial statements requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates and judgments by the management of the Company. These estimates are based on the best knowledge and information existing at the balance sheet date. Changes in facts and circumstances may lead to the revision of these estimates. Actual future results may differ from the estimates.

 

The significant estimates and assumptions used by Company in these financial statements are as follow:

 

a)        Mineral reserves and mine useful life

 

The estimates of proven and probable reserves are regularly evaluated and updated. These reserves are determined using generally accepted geological estimates. The calculation of reserves requires the Company to take positions on expected future conditions that are uncertain, including future ore prices, exchange rates, inflation rates, mining technology, availability of permits and production costs. Changes in some of these assumptions could have a significant impact on the proven and probable reserves of the Company.

 

The estimated volume of mineral reserves is used as basis for the calculation of depletion of the mines, and also for the estimated useful life which is a major factor to quantify the provision for asset retirement obligation and environmental recovery of mines. Any changes to the estimates of the volume of mine reserves and the useful lives of assets may have a significant impact on the depreciation, depletion and amortization charges included in cost of goods sold and calculation of impairment test. Changes in the estimated useful life of the mine have a significant impact on the estimates of environmental provision and impairment analysis.

 

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b)        Asset retirement obligation

 

The Company recognizes an obligation under the fair value for asset retirement obligations in the period in which they occur. The Company considers the accounting estimates related to closure costs of a mine as a critical accounting policy because they involve significant values for the provision and are estimated using several assumptions, such as interest rate, useful life of the asset considering the current state of closure and the projected date of depletion of each mine. The estimates are reviewed annually.

 

c)         Impairment

 

The Company tests impairment of tangible (whether there is evidence of impairment) and intangible (annually) assets segregated by cash-generating units using discounted cash flow models that depends on several estimates, which are influenced by market conditions prevailing at the time the impairment test is performed.

 

d)        Litigation losses

 

Provisions are recorded when the possibility of loss relating to legal proceedings or contingent liabilities is considered probable by the Company’s legal department and its legal advisors.

 

The provisions are recorded when the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. By their nature, litigations will be resolved when one or more future event occurs or fails to occur. Typically, the occurrence or not of such events is outside the Company’s control. Legal uncertainties involve the exercise of significant estimates and judgments of management regarding the results of future events.

 

e)         Post-retirement benefits for employees

 

The amount recognized and disclosed depend on a number of factors that are determined based on actuarial calculations using various assumptions in order to determine costs and liabilities. One of these assumptions is selection and use of the discount rate. Any changes to these assumptions will affect the amount recognized.

 

At the end of each year the Company and external actuaries review the assumptions that will be used for the following year. These assumptions are used in determining the fair values of assets and liabilities, costs and expenses and the future values of estimated cash outflows, which are recorded in the plan obligations.

 

f)          Fair values of derivatives and others financial instruments

 

The fair values of financial instruments that are not traded in active markets are determined using valuation techniques. Vale uses its own judgment to choose between the various methods. Assumptions are based on the market conditions, at the end of the year.

 

An analysis of the impact if actual results are different from management’s estimates is present on note 24 (sensibility analysis).

 

g)        Deferred income taxes

 

The Company recognizes the effects of deferred taxes arising from tax losses and temporary differences and derecognizes when believes that tax credits recoverable are not probable. Deferred tax liabilities are fully recognized.

 

The determination of the recognition of income tax or deferred income tax, assets and liabilities, and any derecognition of tax credits requires the use of estimates. For each tax asset, the Company assesses the probability that some or all of the tax assets may not be recoverable. The impairment recorded in relation to the accumulated tax losses depends on the assessment of the probability of the generation of future taxable profits based on production and sales planning, commodity prices, operational costs, restructuring plans, reclamation costs and planned capital costs.

 

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33.                     Risk management

 

Vale considers that an effective risk management is a key objective to support its growth plan, strategic planning and financial flexibility. Therefore, Vale has developed its risk management strategy in order to provide an integrated approach of the risks the company is exposed to. To do that, Vale evaluates not only the impact in the results of the business caused by variables traded in financial markets (market risk) and those arising from liquidity risk, but also the risk from counterparties obligations (credit risk), those relating to inadequate or failed internal processes, people, systems or external events (operational risk), among others.

 

a)        Risk management policy

 

The Board of Directors established a risk management policy in order to support the Company’s growth plan, strategic planning and Company’s business continuity, besides to improve its capital structure and management of the Group, ensure adequate degree of flexibility in financial management while maintaining the level of robustness required for investment grade and to strengthen its corporate governance practices.

 

The corporate risk management policy determines that Vale should measure and monitor regularly its corporate risk on a consolidated approach in order to guarantee that the overall risk level of the Company remains aligned with the guidelines defined by the Board of Directors and the Executive Board.

 

The Executive Risk Management Committee, created by the Board of Directors, is responsible for supporting the Executive Board in the risk assessments and for issuing opinion regarding the Company’s risk management. It’s also responsible for the supervision and revision of the principles and instruments of corporate risks management.

 

The Executive Board is responsible for the approval of the policy deployment into norms, rules and responsibilities and for reporting to the Board of Directors about such procedures.

 

The risk management norms and instructions complement the corporate risk management policy and define practices, processes, controls, roles and responsibilities in the Company risk management function.

 

The Company may, when necessary, allocate specific risk limits to management activities, including but not limited to, market risk limit, corporate and sovereign credit limit, in accordance with the acceptable corporate risk limit.

 

b)        Liquidity risk management

 

The liquidity risk arises from the possibility that Vale might not perform on its obligations at the due dates, as well as face difficulties to meet its cash requirements due to market liquidity constraints.

 

To mitigate such risk, Vale has a revolving credit facility to assist the short term liquidity management and to enable more efficiency in cash management, being consistent with the strategic focus on cost of capital reduction. The revolving credit facilities available today were acquired from a syndicate of several global commercial banks.

 

c)         Credit risk management

 

Vale’s exposure to credit risk arises from trade receivables, derivative transactions, guarantees, payment to suppliers and cash investments. Vale’s credit risk management process provides a framework for assessing and managing counterparties’ credit risk and for maintaining Vale’s risk at an acceptable level.

 

(i)       Commercial credit risk management

 

For the commercial credit exposure, which arises from sales to final customers, the risk management area, in accordance with the current delegation level, approves or request the approval of credit risk limits for each counterparty.

 

Vale attributes an internal credit risk rating for each counterparty using its own quantitative methodology for credit risk analysis, which is based on market prices, external credit ratings and financial information of the counterparty, as well as qualitative information regarding the counterparties’ strategic position and history of commercial relations.

 

As at 31 December 2015, 56% of accounts receivable due to Vale commercial sales had insignificant or low risk, 35% had moderate risk and 9% high risk.

 

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Based on the counterparty’s credit risk or based on Vale´s consolidated credit risk profile, risk mitigation strategies may be used to manage the Company`s credit risk. The main credit risk mitigation strategies include non-recourse discount of receivables, insurance instruments, letters of credit, corporate and bank guarantees, mortgages, among others.

 

Vale has a diversified accounts receivable portfolio from a geographical standpoint, with China, Europe, Brazil and Japan the regions with more significant exposures. According to each region, different guarantees can be used to enhance the credit quality of the receivables.

 

Vale controls its account receivables portfolio through Credit and Cash Collection committees, in which representatives from risk management, cash collection and commercial departments monitor periodically each counterparty`s exposure. Finally, Vale has an automatic control that blocks additional sales to customers in default with Vale.

 

(ii)   Treasury credit risk management

 

To manage the credit exposure arising from cash investments and derivative instruments, Vale’s Board of Executive Officers approves, on an annual basis, credit limits by counterparty. Furthermore, Vale controls the portfolio diversification, the overall credit risk of the treasury portfolio and the each counterparty risk by monitoring market credit risk information.

 

d)        Market risk management

 

Vale is exposed to the behavior of several market risk factors that can impact its cash flow. The assessment of this potential impact arising from the volatility of risk factors and their correlations is performed periodically to support the decision making process and the growth strategy of the Company, ensure its financial flexibility and monitor the volatility of future cash flows.

 

When necessary, market risk mitigation strategies are evaluated and implemented in line with these objectives. Some strategies may incorporate financial instruments, including derivatives. The portfolios of the financial instruments are monitored on a monthly basis, enabling financial results surveillance and its impact on cash flow.

 

Considering the nature of Vale’s business and operations, the main market risk factors which the Company is exposed to are:

 

· Foreign exchange and Interest rates;

· Product prices and input costs.

 

e)         Foreign exchange and interest rate risk

 

Vale’s cash flow is subjected to volatility of several currencies, once its product prices are predominantly indexed to US dollar, while most of the costs, disbursements and investments are indexed to other currencies, mainly Brazilian real and Canadian dollar.

 

In order to reduce the potential impact that arises from this currency mismatch, derivatives instruments may be used as a risk mitigation strategy.

 

Vale implemented hedge transactions to protect its cash flow against the market risks that arises from its debt obligations — mainly currency volatility. The hedges cover most of the debts in Brazilian reais and Euros. Vale uses swap transactions to convert debt linked to Brazilian real and Euros into US dollar that have similar - or sometimes shorter - settlement dates than the final maturity of the debt instruments. Their notional amounts are similar to the principal and interest payments, subject to liquidity market conditions.

 

Swaps with shorter settlement dates are renegotiated through time so that their final maturity matches - or becomes closer - to the debts` final maturity. At each settlement date, the results of the swap transactions partially offset the impact of the foreign exchange rate in Vale’s obligations, contributing to stabilize the cash disbursements in US dollar.

 

In the case of debt instruments denominated in Brazilian real, in the event of an appreciation (or depreciation) of the Brazilian Real against the US Dollar, the negative (or positive) impact on Vale`s debt service (interest and/or principal payment) measured in US dollars will be partially offset by the positive (or negative) effect from the swaps, regardless of the US$/R$ exchange rate on the payment date. The same rationale is applicable to debts denominated in other currencies and their respective swaps.

 

Vale has also exposure to interest rates risks over loans and borrowings. The US Dollar floating rate debt in the portfolio consists mainly of loans including export pre-payments, commercial banks and multilateral organizations loans. In general, such debt instruments are indexed to the LIBOR (London Interbank Offer Rate in US dollar). Vale has part of its debt in Brazilian reais floating rates, but use swap transactions to convert most of it to US Dollar fixed rates. After considering the interest rate swaps, the great majority of its debt is fixed rate.

 

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f)          Risk of product and input prices

 

Vale is also exposed to market risks including commodities price and input price volatilities. In accordance with risk management policy, risk mitigation strategies involving commodities can be used to adjust the cash flow risk profile and reduce Vale’s cash flow volatility. For this kind of risk mitigation strategy, Vale uses predominantly forwards, futures or zero-cost collars.

 

g)        Operational risk management

 

The operational risk management is the structured approach that Vale uses to manage uncertainty related to possible inadequate or failure in internal processes, people, systems and external events, in accordance with the principles and guidelines of ISO 31000.

 

The main operational risks are periodically monitored, ensuring the effectiveness of preventive and mitigating key controls in place and the execution of the risk treatment strategy (implementation of new or improved controls, changes in the risk environment, risk sharing by contracting insurance, provisioning of resources, etc.).

 

Therefore, the Company seeks to have a clear view of its major risks, the best cost-benefit mitigation plans and the effectiveness of the controls in place, monitoring the potential impact of operational risk and allocating capital efficiently.

 

h)        Capital management

 

Vale’s policy aims at establishing a capital structure that will ensure the continuity of your business in the long term. Within this perspective, the Company has been able to deliver value to stockholders through dividend payments and capital gain, and at the same time maintain a debt profile suitable for its activities, with an amortization well distributed over the years, thus avoiding a concentration in one specific period.

 

i)           Insurance

 

Vale issues several types of insurance policies, such as operational risk policy, engineering risks insurance (projects), civil responsibility, life insurance policy for their employees, among others. The coverage of these policies is similar to the ones used in general by the mining industry and is issued in line with the objectives defined by the Company, with the corporate risk management policy and the limitation imposed by the insurance and reinsurance global market. In general, the company’s assets directly related with its operations are included in the coverage of insurance policies.

 

Insurance management is performed with the support of existing insurance committees in the various operational areas of the Company. Among the management instruments, Vale uses captive reinsurance to balance the price on reinsurance contracts with market, as well as enable access to key international markets of insurance and reinsurance.

 

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Members of the Board of Directors, Fiscal Council, Advisory Committees and Executive Officers

 

Board of Directors

 

 

 

 

Governance and Sustainability Committee

Dan Antonio Marinho Conrado

 

Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes

Chairman

 

Arthur Prado Silva

 

 

Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho

Sérgio Alexandre Figueiredo Clemente

 

Ricardo Rodrigues Morgado

Vice-President

 

Ricardo Simonsen

 

 

 

Marcel Juviniano Barros

 

Fiscal Council

Gueitiro Matsuo Genso

 

 

Tarcísio José Massote de Godoy

 

Marcelo Amaral Moraes

Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes

 

Chairman

Hiroyuki Kato

 

 

Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho

 

Marcelo Barbosa Saintive

Luciano Galvão Coutinho

 

Cláudio José Zucco

Lucio Azevedo

 

Aníbal Moreira dos Santos

Alberto Guth

 

Raphael Manhães Martins

 

 

 

Alternate

 

Alternate

Arthur Prado Silva

 

Paulo Fontoura Valle

Moacir Nachbar Junior

 

Marcos Tadeu Siqueira

Francisco Ferreira Alexandre

 

Oswaldo Mário Pego de Amorim Azevedo

Gilberto Antonio Vieira

 

Pedro Paulo de Souza

Robson Rocha

 

 

Luiz Mauricio Leuzinger

 

 

Yoshitomo Nishimitsu

 

Executive Officers

Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho

 

 

Victor Guilherme Tito

 

Murilo Pinto de Oliveira Ferreira

Carlos Roberto de Assis Ferreira

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

Advisory Committees of the Board of Directors

 

Vânia Lucia Chaves Somavilla

 

 

Executive Officer (Human Resources, Health & Safety, Sustainability and Energy)

Controlling Committee

 

 

Eduardo Cesar Pasa

 

Luciano Siani Pires

Moacir Nachbar Junior

 

Executive Officer (Finance and Investors Relations)

Oswaldo Mário Pego de Amorim Azevedo

 

 

Marcos Paulo Pereira da Silva

 

Roger Allan Downey

 

 

Executive Officer (Fertilizers, Coal and Strategy)

Executive Development Committee

 

 

Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho

 

Gerd Peter Poppinga

Marcel Juviniano Barros

 

Executive Officer (Ferrous)

Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes

 

 

Tatiana Boavista Barros Heil

 

Galib Abrahão Chaim

 

 

Executive Officer (Capital Projects Implementation)

Strategic Committee

 

 

Murilo Pinto de Oliveira Ferreira

 

Humberto Ramos de Freitas

Dan Antonio Marinho Conrado

 

Executive Officer (Logistics and Mineral Research)

Gueitiro Matsuo Genso

 

 

Luiz Carlos Trabuco Cappi

 

Jennifer Anne Maki

Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho

 

Executive Officer (Base Metals)

Luciano Galvão Coutinho

 

 

 

 

 

Finance Committee

 

 

Gilmar Dalilo Cezar Wanderley

 

 

Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes

 

Marcelo Botelho Rodrigues

Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho

 

Global Controller Director

Tatiana Boavista Barros Heil

 

 

 

 

Murilo Muller

 

 

Controllership Director

 

 

 

 

 

Dioni Brasil

 

 

Accounting Manager

 

 

TC-CRC-RJ 083305/O-8

 

81



Table of Contents

 

Signatures

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

Vale S.A.

 

(Registrant)

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rogerio T. Nogueira

Date: February 25, 2016

 

Rogerio T. Nogueira

 

 

Director of Investor Relations

 

82