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Table of Contents
ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
ITEM 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549



FORM 10-K

(Mark One)    

ý

 

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2012

Or

o

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from            to            

Commission file number 1-4423



HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware   94-1081436
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. employer
identification no.)

3000 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, California

 

94304
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (650) 857-1501

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

 

Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share   New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None



          Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ý No o

          Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No ý

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No o

          Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ý

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ý   Accelerated filer o   Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller
reporting company)
  Smaller reporting company o

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No ý

          The aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock held by non-affiliates was $48,466,819,000 based on the last sale price of common stock on April 30, 2012.

          The number of shares of HP common stock outstanding as of November 30, 2012 was 1,948,148,051 shares.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION
  10-K PART
Portions of the Registrant's proxy statement related to its 2013 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after Registrant's fiscal year end of October 31, 2012 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Report.   III


Table of Contents


Hewlett-Packard Company

Form 10-K

For the Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2012


Table of Contents

 
   
  Page  

 

PART I

       

Item 1.

 

Business

    3  

Item 1A.

 

Risk Factors

    16  

Item 1B.

 

Unresolved Staff Comments

    34  

Item 2.

 

Properties

    34  

Item 3.

 

Legal Proceedings

    35  

Item 4.

 

Mine Safety Disclosures

    35  

 

PART II

       

Item 5.

 

Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

    36  

Item 6.

 

Selected Financial Data

    38  

Item 7.

 

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

    39  

Item 7A.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

    72  

Item 8.

 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

    74  

Item 9.

 

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

    169  

Item 9A.

 

Controls and Procedures

    169  

Item 9B.

 

Other Information

    169  

 

PART III

       

Item 10.

 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

    170  

Item 11.

 

Executive Compensation

    170  

Item 12.

 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

    170  

Item 13.

 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

    170  

Item 14.

 

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

    171  

 

PART IV

       

Item 15.

 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

    172  

Table of Contents

Forward-Looking Statements

        This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Item 7, contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. If the risks or uncertainties ever materialize or the assumptions prove incorrect, the results of Hewlett-Packard Company and its consolidated subsidiaries ("HP") may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements and assumptions. All statements other than statements of historical fact are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements, including but not limited to any projections of revenue, margins, expenses, earnings, earnings per share, tax provisions, cash flows, benefit obligations, share repurchases, currency exchange rates other financial items; any projections of the amount, timing or impact of cost savings or restructuring charges; any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations, including the execution of restructuring plans and any resulting cost savings or revenue or profitability improvements; any statements concerning the expected development, performance, market share or competitive performance relating to products or services; any statements regarding current or future macroeconomic trends or events and the impact of those trends and events on HP and its financial performance; any statements regarding pending investigations, claims or disputes; any statements of expectation or belief; and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Risks, uncertainties and assumptions include the impact of macroeconomic and geopolitical trends and events; the competitive pressures faced by HP's businesses; the development and transition of new products and services and the enhancement of existing products and services to meet customer needs and respond to emerging technological trends; the execution and performance of contracts by HP and its suppliers, customers and partners; the protection of HP's intellectual property assets, including intellectual property licensed from third parties; integration and other risks associated with business combination and investment transactions; the hiring and retention of key employees; assumptions related to pension and other post-retirement costs and retirement programs; the execution, timing and results of restructuring plans, including estimates and assumptions related to the cost and the anticipated benefits of implementing those plans; the resolution of pending investigations, claims and disputes; and other risks that are described herein, including but not limited to the items discussed in "Risk Factors" in Item 1A of this report, and that are otherwise described or updated from time to time in HP's Securities and Exchange Commission reports. HP assumes no obligation and does not intend to update these forward-looking statements.


PART I

ITEM 1. Business.

        HP is a leading global provider of products, technologies, software, solutions and services to individual consumers, small- and medium-sized businesses ("SMBs") and large enterprises, including customers in the government, health and education sectors. Our offerings span:

        HP was incorporated in 1947 under the laws of the State of California as the successor to a partnership founded in 1939 by William R. Hewlett and David Packard. Effective in May 1998, we changed our state of incorporation from California to Delaware.

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HP Products and Services; Segment Information

        Our operations are organized into seven business segments: Personal Systems (formerly known as the Personal Systems Group or "PSG"); Printing (formerly known as the Imaging and Printing Group or "IPG"); Services; Enterprise Servers, Storage and Networking ("ESSN"); Software; HP Financial Services ("HPFS"); and Corporate Investments. In each of the past three fiscal years, notebooks, desktops, printing supplies and infrastructure technology outsourcing services each accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated net revenue. In fiscal 2012 and 2011, industry standard servers also accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated net revenue.

        As part of a realignment of the structure of our business in fiscal 2012, we have structured the Personal Systems segment and the Printing segment beneath a newly formed Printing and Personal Systems Group ("PPS"). While PPS is not a financial reporting segment, we sometimes provide financial data aggregating the segments within it in order to provide a supplementary view of our business.

        A summary of our net revenue, earnings from operations and assets for our segments and business units is found in Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference. A discussion of factors potentially affecting our operations is set forth in "Risk Factors" in Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Printing and Personal Systems Group

        The mission of PPS is to leverage the respective strengths of the Personal Systems business and the Printing business in creating a single, unified business that is customer-focused and poised to capitalize on rapidly shifting industry trends. Each of the business segments within PPS is described in detail below.

Personal Systems

        Personal Systems provides commercial personal computers ("PCs"), consumer PCs, workstations, calculators and other related accessories, software and services for the commercial and consumer markets. We group commercial notebooks, commercial desktops and workstations into commercial clients and consumer notebooks and consumer desktops into consumer clients when describing our performance in these markets. Like the broader PC market, Personal Systems continues to experience a shift toward mobile products such as notebooks. Both commercial and consumer PCs are based predominately on the Windows operating system and use Intel Corporation ("Intel") and Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. ("AMD") processors.

        Commercial PCs.    Commercial PCs are optimized for commercial uses, including enterprise and SMB customers, and for connectivity and manageability in networked environments. Commercial PCs include the HP ProBook and the HP EliteBook lines of notebooks and the Compaq Pro, Compaq Elite, HP Pro and HP Elite lines of business desktops, as well as the All-in-One TouchSmart and Omni PCs, HP Mini-Note PCs, retail POS systems, HP Thin Clients and HP Slate Tablet PCs.

        Consumer PCs.    Consumer PCs include the HP Pavilion, HP Elite, Envy and Compaq Presario series of multi-media consumer notebooks, desktops and mini notebooks, including the TouchSmart line of touch-enabled all-in-one notebooks and desktops.

        Workstations.    Workstations are individual computing products designed for users demanding enhanced performance, such as computer animation, engineering design and other programs requiring high-resolution graphics. Personal Systems provides workstations that run on both Windows and Linux-based operating systems.

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Printing

        Printing provides consumer and commercial printer hardware, supplies, media and scanning devices. Printing is also focused on imaging solutions in the commercial markets. These solutions range from managed print services to capturing high-value pages in areas such as industrial applications, outdoor signage, and the graphic arts business.

        Inkjet and Web Solutions.    Inkjet and Web Solutions delivers HP's consumer and SMB inkjet solutions (hardware, supplies, media, web-connected hardware and services). It includes single-function and all-in-one inkjet printers targeted toward consumers and SMBs, as well as Snapfish and ePrintCenter.

        LaserJet and Enterprise Solutions.    LaserJet and Enterprise Solutions delivers products, services and solutions to the SMB and enterprise segments, including LaserJet printers and supplies, multi-function devices, scanners, web-connected hardware and services and enterprise software solutions, such as Exstream Software and Web Jetadmin.

        Managed Enterprise Solutions.    Managed Enterprise Solutions include managed print service products, support and solutions delivered to enterprise customers partnering with third-party software providers to offer workflow solutions in the enterprise environment.

        Graphics Solutions.    Graphics Solutions include large format printing (Designjet and Scitex) and supplies, Indigo digital presses and supplies, inkjet high-speed production solutions and supplies, specialty printing systems and graphics services. Graphic Solutions targets print service providers, architects, engineers, designers, photofinishers, and industrial solution providers.

Services

        Services provides consulting, outsourcing and technology services across infrastructure, applications and business process domains. Services delivers to its clients by leveraging investments in consulting and support professionals, infrastructure technology, applications, standardized methodologies and global supply and delivery. Our services businesses also create opportunities for us to sell additional hardware and software by offering solutions that encompass both products and services. Services is divided into three main business units: infrastructure technology outsourcing, technology services and application and business services.

        Infrastructure Technology Outsourcing.    Infrastructure Technology Outsourcing delivers comprehensive services that streamline and optimize our clients' infrastructure to efficiently enhance performance, reduce costs, mitigate risk and enable business change. These services encompass the data center, IT security, cloud-based computing, workplace technology, network, unified communications and enterprise service management. We also offer a set of managed services, providing a cross-section of our broader infrastructure services for smaller discrete engagements.

        Technology Services.    Technology Services provides technology consulting and support services for transforming IT and converging and supporting IT infrastructure. The technology consulting portfolio includes strategic IT advisory services, cloud consulting services, unified communications solutions, data center transformation services and education consulting services. In addition to warranty support across our product lines, support services includes HP Foundation Care, our portfolio of reactive hardware and software support services; HP Proactive Care, which includes advanced remote system-monitoring tools, continuous onsite rapid response and direct access to our technical experts and resources; HP Datacenter Care for flexible customer support for HP and multivendor systems; and Lifecycle Event services, which are event-based services offering our technology expertise and consulting for each phase of the technology life cycle. Our technology services offerings are available in the form of service contracts, pre-packaged offerings (HP Care Pack services) or on an individual basis.

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        Application and Business Services.    Application and Business Services helps clients develop, revitalize and manage their applications and information assets. This full application life cycle approach encompasses application development, testing, modernization, system integration, maintenance and management for both packaged and custom-built applications. The Application and Business Services portfolio also includes intellectual property-based industry solutions, services and technologies to help clients better manage critical business processes. We also offer services for customer relationship management, finance and administration, human resources, payroll and document processing.

Enterprise Servers, Storage and Networking

        ESSN provides server, storage and networking products that fulfill a wide range of customer needs and market requirements. Our Converged Infrastructure portfolio of servers, storage and networking combined with our Cloud Service Automation software suite creates the HP CloudSystem. This integrated solution enables enterprise and service-provider clients to deliver infrastructure, platform and software-as-a-service in a private, public or hybrid cloud environment. By providing a broad portfolio of server, storage and networking solutions, ESSN aims to optimize the combined product solutions required by different customers and provide solutions for a wide range of operating environments, spanning both the enterprise and the SMB markets.

        Industry Standard Servers.    Industry Standard Servers offers primarily entry-level and mid-range ProLiant servers, which run primarily Windows, Linux and virtualization platforms from Microsoft, VMware, Inc. and other major vendors and leverage Intel and AMD x86 processors. The business spans a range of product lines that include pedestal-tower servers, density-optimized rack servers and our BladeSystem family of server blades. Industry Standard Servers also provides hyperscale solutions for large distributed computing companies who buy and deploy compute nodes at a massive scale.

        Business Critical Systems.    Business Critical Systems delivers our mission-critical Converged Infrastructure with a portfolio of HP Integrity servers based on the Intel Itanium processor that run the HP-UX and OpenVMS operating systems, as well as HP Integrity NonStop solutions. Our Integrity servers feature scalable blades built on a blade infrastructure with our unique Blade Link technology and the Superdome 2 server solution. Business Critical Systems also offers our scale-up x86 ProLiant servers for scalability of systems with more than four industry standard processors. In addition, we continue to support the HP9000 servers and HP AlphaServers by offering customers the opportunity to upgrade these legacy systems to current HP Integrity systems.

        Storage.    Our storage offerings include storage platforms for high-end, mid-range and small business environments. Our flagship product is the HP 3PAR StoreServ Storage Platform, which is designed for virtualization, cloud and IT-as-a-service. The Storage business has a broad range of products including storage area networks, network attached storage, storage management software and virtualization technologies, StoreOnce data deduplication solutions, tape drives and tape libraries. These offerings enable customers to optimize their existing storage systems, build new virtualization solutions and plan their transition to cloud computing.

        Networking.    Our switch, router and wireless LAN products deliver open, scalable, secure, agile and consistent solutions for the data center, campus and branch networks. Our networking solutions are based on our FlexNetwork architecture, which is designed to enable simplified server virtualization, unified communications and multi-media application delivery for the enterprise.

Software

        Software provides enterprise information management solutions for both structured and unstructured data, IT management software, and security intelligence/risk management solutions. Solutions are delivered in the form of traditional software licenses, software-as-a-service, hybrid or

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appliance deployment models. Augmented by support and professional services, our software solutions allow IT organizations to gain customer insight and optimize infrastructure, operations, application life cycles, application quality, security, IT services and business processes. In addition, these solutions help businesses proactively safeguard digital assets, comply with corporate and regulatory policies, and control internal and external security risks.

HP Financial Services

        HPFS supports and enhances our global product and service solutions, providing a broad range of value-added financial life cycle management services. HPFS enables our worldwide customers to acquire complete IT solutions, including hardware, software and services. HPFS offers leasing, financing, utility programs and asset recovery services, as well as financial asset management services for large global and enterprise customers. HPFS also provides an array of specialized financial services to SMBs and educational and governmental entities. HPFS offers innovative, customized and flexible alternatives to balance unique customer cash flow, technology obsolescence and capacity needs.

Corporate Investments

        Corporate Investments includes business intelligence solutions, HP Labs, the webOS business and certain business incubation projects. Business intelligence solutions enable businesses to standardize on consistent data management schemes, connect and share data across the enterprise and apply analytics.

Sales, Marketing and Distribution

        We manage our business and report our financial results based on the business segments described above. Our customers are organized by consumer and commercial customer groups, and purchases of HP products and services may be fulfilled directly by HP or indirectly through a variety of partners, including:

        The mix of HP's business by channel or direct sales differs substantially by business and region. We believe that customer buying patterns and different regional market conditions require us to tailor our sales, marketing and distribution efforts accordingly. HP is focused on driving the depth and breadth of its coverage in addition to efficiencies and productivity gains in both its direct and indirect businesses. So, while each HP business segment manages the execution of its own go-to-market and distribution

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strategy, the business segments collaborate to ensure strategic and process alignment where appropriate.

        For large enterprise customers, HP typically assigns an account manager, generally from ESSN or Services, to manage the customer relationship across HP. The account manager is supported by a team of specialists with product and services expertise. For other customers and for consumers, PPS manages direct online sales as well as channel relationships with retailers, while also leading coordination across the businesses for relationships with commercial resellers targeting SMBs.

Manufacturing and Materials

        We utilize a significant number of outsourced manufacturers ("OMs") around the world to manufacture HP-designed products. The use of OMs is intended to generate cost efficiencies and reduce time to market for HP-designed products. We use multiple OMs to maintain flexibility in our supply chain and manufacturing processes. In some circumstances, third-party OEMs manufacture products that we purchase and resell under the HP brand. In addition to our use of OMs, we currently manufacture a limited number of finished products from components and subassemblies that we acquire from a wide range of vendors.

        We utilize two primary methods of fulfilling demand for products: building products to order and configuring products to order. We build products to order to maximize manufacturing and logistics efficiencies by producing high volumes of basic product configurations. Configuring products to order permits configuration of units to the particular hardware and software customization requirements of customers. Our inventory management and distribution practices in both building products to order and configuring products to order seek to minimize inventory holding periods by taking delivery of the inventory and manufacturing immediately prior to the sale or distribution of products to our customers.

        We purchase materials, supplies and product subassemblies from a substantial number of vendors. For most of our products, we have existing alternate sources of supply, or such sources are readily available. However, we do rely on sole sources for laser printer engines, LaserJet supplies and parts for products with short life cycles (although some of these sources have operations in multiple locations in the event of a disruption). We are dependent upon Intel as a supplier of processors and Microsoft Corporation ("Microsoft") for various software products. However, we believe that disruptions with these suppliers would result in industry-wide dislocations and therefore would not disproportionately disadvantage us relative to our competitors. For processors, we also have a relationship with AMD, and we have continued to see solid acceptance of AMD processors in the market.

        Like other participants in the high technology industry, we ordinarily acquire materials and components through a combination of blanket and scheduled purchase orders to support our requirements for periods averaging 90 to 120 days. From time to time, we experience significant price volatility and supply constraints for certain components that are not available from multiple sources. Frequently, we are able to obtain scarce components for somewhat higher prices on the open market, which may have an impact on gross margin but does not disrupt production. We also acquire component inventory in anticipation of supply constraints or enter into longer-term pricing commitments with vendors to improve the priority, price and availability of supply. See "Risk Factors—We depend on third-party suppliers, and our revenue and gross margin could suffer if we fail to manage suppliers properly," in Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference.

International

        Our products and services are available worldwide. We believe this geographic diversity allows us to meet demand on a worldwide basis for both consumer and enterprise customers, draws on business and technical expertise from a worldwide workforce, provides stability to our operations, allows us to drive economies of scale, provides revenue streams to offset geographic economic trends and offers us

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an opportunity to access new markets for maturing products. In addition, we believe that future growth is dependent in part on our ability to develop products and sales models that target developing countries. In this regard, we believe that our broad geographic presence gives us a solid base upon which to build such future growth.

        A summary of our domestic and international net revenue and net property, plant and equipment is set forth in Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference. Approximately 65% of our overall net revenue in fiscal 2012 came from outside the United States. The substantial majority of our net revenue originating outside the United States was from customers other than foreign governments.

        For a discussion of risks attendant to HP's foreign operations, see "Risk Factors—Due to the international nature of our business, political or economic changes or other factors could harm our future revenue, costs and expenses and financial condition," in Item 1A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk" in Item 7A and Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which are incorporated herein by reference.

Research and Development

        We are committed to innovation as a key element of HP's culture. Our development efforts are focused on designing and developing products, services and solutions that anticipate customers' changing needs and desires and emerging technological trends. Our efforts also are focused on identifying the areas where we believe we can make a unique contribution and the areas where partnering with other leading technology companies will leverage our cost structure and maximize our customers' experiences.

        HP Labs, together with the various research and development groups within the five principal business segments, are responsible for our research and development efforts. HP Labs is part of our Corporate Investments segment.

        Expenditures for research and development were $3.4 billion in fiscal 2012, $3.3 billion in fiscal 2011 and $3.0 billion in fiscal 2010. We anticipate that we will continue to have significant research and development expenditures in the future to provide a continuing flow of innovative, high-quality products and services to maintain and enhance our competitive position.

        For a discussion of risks attendant to our research and development activities, see "Risk Factors—If we cannot successfully execute on our strategy and continue to develop, manufacture and market products, services and solutions that meet customer requirements for innovation and quality, our revenue and gross margin may suffer," in Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Patents

        Our general policy has been to seek patent protection for those inventions and improvements likely to be incorporated into our products and services or where proprietary rights will improve our competitive position. At October 31, 2012 and 2011, our worldwide patent portfolio included over 36,000 patents, which represented a slight decrease over the number of patents in our patent portfolio at the end of fiscal 2010.

        Patents generally have a term of twenty years from the time they are filed. As our patent portfolio has been built over time, the remaining terms on the individual patents vary. We believe that our patents and applications are important for maintaining the competitive differentiation of our products and services, enhancing our ability to access technology of third parties, and maximizing our return on research and development investments. No single patent is in itself essential to HP as a whole or to any of HP's business segments.

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        In addition to developing our patents, we license intellectual property from third parties as we deem appropriate. We have also granted and continue to grant to others licenses under patents owned by us when we consider these arrangements to be in our interest. These license arrangements include a number of cross-licenses with third parties.

        For a discussion of risks attendant to intellectual property rights, see "Risk Factors—Our revenue, cost of sales, and expenses may suffer if we cannot continue to license or enforce the intellectual property rights on which our businesses depend or if third parties assert that we violate their intellectual property rights," in Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Backlog

        We believe that backlog is not a meaningful indicator of future business prospects due to the diversity of our products and services portfolio, including the large volume of products delivered from shelf or channel partner inventories and the shortening of product life cycles. Therefore, we believe that backlog information is not material to an understanding of our overall business.

Seasonality

        General economic conditions have an impact on our business and financial results. From time to time, the markets in which we sell our products experience weak economic conditions that may negatively affect sales. We experience some seasonal trends in the sale of our products and services. For example, European sales often are weaker in the summer months and consumer sales often are stronger in the fourth calendar quarter. Demand during the spring and early summer months also may be adversely impacted by market anticipation of seasonal trends. See "Risk Factors—Our sales cycle makes planning and inventory management difficult and future financial results less predictable," in Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Competition

        We encounter aggressive competition in all areas of our business activity. We compete primarily on the basis of technology, performance, price, quality, reliability, brand, reputation, distribution, range of products and services, ease of use of our products, account relationships, customer training, service and support, security, availability of application Software, and Internet infrastructure offerings.

        The markets for each of our business segments are characterized by vigorous competition among major corporations with long-established positions and a large number of new and rapidly growing firms. Product life cycles are short, and to remain competitive we must develop new products and services, periodically enhance our existing products and services and compete effectively on the basis of the factors listed above. In addition, we compete with many of our current and potential partners, including OEMs that design, manufacture and often market their products under their own brand names. Our successful management of these competitive partner relationships will continue to be critical to our future success. Moreover, we anticipate that we will have to continue to adjust prices on many of our products and services to stay competitive.

        On a revenue basis we are the largest company offering our range of personal computing and other access devices, consulting, outsourcing and technology services, imaging and printing-related products and services, and enterprise information technology infrastructure. We are the leader or among the leaders in each of our principal business segments.

        The competitive environments in which each segment operates are described below:

        Personal Systems.    The areas in which Personal Systems operates are intensely competitive and are characterized by price competition and inventory depreciation. Our primary competitors for the branded personal computers are Lenovo Group Limited, Dell Inc., Acer Inc., ASUSTeK

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Computer Inc., Apple Inc. and Toshiba Corporation. In particular regions, we also experience competition from local companies and from generically-branded or "white box" manufacturers. Our competitive advantages include our broad product portfolio, our innovation and research and development capabilities, our brand and procurement leverage, our ability to cross-sell our portfolio of offerings, our extensive service and support offerings and the availability of our broad-based distribution of products from retail and commercial channels to direct sales.

        Printing.    The markets for printer hardware and associated supplies are highly competitive. Printing's key customer segments each face competitive pressure from the market, specific to pricing and the introduction of new products. Key competitors include Canon U.S.A., Inc., Lexmark International, Inc., Xerox Corporation, Seiko Epson Corporation, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. and Brother Industries, Ltd. In addition, independent suppliers offer refill and remanufactured alternatives for HP original inkjet and toner supplies, which are often available for lower prices and generally offer lower print quality and reliability. Other companies also have developed and marketed new compatible cartridges for HP's laser and inkjet products, particularly outside of the United States where intellectual property protection is inadequate or ineffective. Printing is focused on growth through innovation and growing high-usage unit share by expanding color printing in the office, growing long-term high-value recurring business, accelerating the transition from analog to digital printing in graphics, commercial and production environments, driving web and mobile content solutions through our installed base of web-connected ePrinters and growing cloud-based, document centric commercial solutions and services. Our competitive advantages include our comprehensive solutions for the home, the office and the publishing environments, our innovation and research and development capabilities, our brand and the availability of our broad-based distribution of products from retail and commercial channels to direct sales.

        Services.    Our services businesses, including HP Enterprise Services and Technology Services, compete in IT support services, consulting and integration, infrastructure technology outsourcing, business process outsourcing and application services. The IT support services and consulting and integration markets have been under significant pressure as our customers have reduced their IT budgets. However, this trend has benefited the outsourcing services business as customers drive toward lower IT management costs to enable more strategic investments. Our competitors include IBM Global Services, Computer Sciences Corporation, systems integration firms such as Accenture Ltd. and offshore companies such as Fujitsu Limited and India-based competitors Wipro Limited, Infosys Limited and Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. We also compete with other traditional hardware providers, such as Dell Inc., which are increasingly offering services to support their products. Many of our competitors are able to offer a wide range of global services, and some of our competitors enjoy significant brand recognition. Our services businesses team with many companies to offer services, and those arrangements allow us to extend our reach and augment our capabilities. Our competitive advantages include our deep technology expertise, such as multi-vendor environments, virtualization and automation, our strong track record of collaboration with clients and partners, and the combination of our expertise in infrastructure management with skilled global resources on platforms from SAP, Oracle and Microsoft, among others.

        Enterprise Servers, Storage and Networking.    The areas in which ESSN operates are intensely competitive and are characterized by rapid and ongoing technological innovation and price competition. Our competitors range from broad solution providers such as International Business Machines Corporation ("IBM") to more focused competitors such as EMC Corporation and NetApp, Inc. in storage, Cisco Systems, Inc. and Juniper Networks, Inc. in networking, and Dell Inc. in industry standard servers. We believe that our important competitive advantages in this segment include the six technology components of our converged infrastructure initiatives: IT systems, power and cooling, security, management, virtualization and automation. We believe that our competitive advantages also

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include our global reach and our significant intellectual property portfolio and research and development capabilities.

        Software.    The areas in which Software operates are fueled by rapidly changing customer requirements and technologies. We market enterprise IT management software in competition with IBM, CA, Inc., BMC Software, Inc. and others. Our information management solutions, including unstructured data analytics, information governance and digital marketing offerings, compete with products from companies like Adobe Systems Incorporated, IBM, EMC Corporation, Open Text Corporation, Oracle Corporation and Symantec Corporation. We also deliver enterprise security/risk intelligence solutions that compete with products from Symantec Corporation, IBM, Cisco Systems, Inc., and McAfee, Inc. As new delivery mechanisms such as software-as-a-service come on the scene, we are also confronting less traditional competitors. Our differentiation lies in the breadth and depth of our software and services portfolio and the scope of our market coverage.

        HP Financial Services.    In our financing business, our competitors are captive financing companies, mainly IBM Global Financing, as well as banks and financial institutions. We believe our competitive advantage in this business over banks and financial institutions is our ability to finance products, services and total solutions.

        For a discussion of risks attendant to these competitive factors, see "Risk Factors—Competitive pressures could harm our revenue, gross margin and prospects," in Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Environment

        Our operations are subject to regulation under various federal, state, local and foreign laws concerning the environment, including laws addressing the discharge of pollutants into the air and water, the management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes, and the cleanup of contaminated sites. We could incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines and civil or criminal sanctions, and third-party damage or personal injury claims, if we were to violate or become liable under environmental laws.

        Many of our products are subject to various federal, state, local and foreign laws governing chemical substances in products and their safe use, including laws regulating the manufacture and distribution of chemical substances and laws restricting the presence of certain substances in electronics products. Some of our products also are, or may in the future be, subject to requirements applicable to their energy consumption. In addition, we face increasing complexity in our product design and procurement operations as we adjust to new and future requirements relating to the chemical and materials composition of our products, their safe use, and their energy efficiency, including requirements relating to climate change. We also are subject to legislation in an increasing number of jurisdictions that makes producers of electrical goods, including computers and printers, financially responsible for specified collection, recycling, treatment and disposal of past and future covered products (sometimes referred to as "product take-back legislation"). In the event our products become non-compliant with these laws, they could be restricted from entering certain jurisdictions, and we could face other sanctions, including fines.

        Our operations and ultimately our products are expected to become increasingly subject to federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations and international treaties relating to climate change. As these laws, regulations and treaties and similar initiatives and programs are adopted and implemented throughout the world, we will be required to comply or potentially face market access limitations or other sanctions, including fines. However, we believe that technology will be fundamental to finding solutions to achieve compliance with and manage those requirements, and we are collaborating with industry, business groups and governments to find and promote ways that HP technology can be used to address climate change and to facilitate compliance with these related laws, regulations and treaties.

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        We are committed to maintaining compliance with all environmental laws applicable to our operations, products and services and to reducing our environmental impact across all aspects of our business. We meet this commitment with a comprehensive environmental, health and safety policy, strict environmental management of our operations and worldwide environmental programs and services.

        The liability for environmental remediation and other environmental costs is accrued when HP considers it probable and can reasonably estimate the costs. Environmental costs and accruals are presently not material to our operations or financial position. Although there is no assurance that existing or future environmental laws applicable to our operations or products will not have a material adverse effect on HP's operations or financial condition, we do not currently anticipate material capital expenditures for environmental control facilities.

        For a discussion of risks attendant to these environmental factors, see "Risk Factors—Unforeseen environmental costs could impact our future net earnings," in Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Executive Officers:

R. Todd Bradley; age 54; Executive Vice President, Printing and Personal Systems Group

        Mr. Bradley has served as Executive Vice President of HP's Printing and Personal Systems Group since March 2012. Previously, Mr. Bradley served as Executive Vice President of HP's Personal Systems Group from June 2005 to March 2012.

David A. Donatelli; age 47; Executive Vice President and General Manager, Enterprise Group

        Mr. Donatelli has served as Executive Vice President and General Manager of HP's Enterprise Group since its formation in March 2012 after having served in the same role for HP's Enterprise Servers, Storage and Networking business since May 2009 and for HP's Technology Services business since June 2011. Previously, Mr. Donatelli served as President of the storage division of EMC Corporation, an information technology company, from September 2007 to April 2009.

Henry Gomez; age 49; Executive Vice President and Chief Communications Officer

        Mr. Gomez has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Communications Officer since January 2012. Previously, he ran HSG Communications, a consulting business that he founded in September 2008. He also served on the leadership team of Meg Whitman's gubernatorial campaign from 2008 to December 2010. For most of the previous decade, he worked at eBay in a variety of roles including Senior Vice President for Corporate Communications and President of Skype. Mr. Gomez also serves as a director of BJ's Restaurants, Inc.

John M. Hinshaw; age 42; Executive Vice President, Technology and Operations

        Mr. Hinshaw has served as Executive Vice President, Technology and Operations since November 2011. Previously, Mr. Hinshaw served as Vice President and General Manager of Information Solutions at The Boeing Company, an aerospace company, from January 2011 to October 2011 and as Global Chief Information Officer for Boeing from June 2007 to December 2010.

Martin J. Homlish; age 60; Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer

        Mr. Homlish has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer since May 2011. Previously, he served as Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer at SAP AG, a software company, from 2000 until April 2011.

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Abdo George Kadifa; age 53; Executive Vice President, HP Software

        Mr. Kadifa has served as Executive Vice President of HP Software since May 2012. Previously, he served as a director of Silver Lake, a private equity firm, from June 2007 to May 2012.

Tracy S. Keogh; age 51; Executive Vice President, Human Resources

        Ms. Keogh has served as Executive Vice President, Human Resources since April 2011. Previously, Ms. Keogh served as Senior Vice President of Human Resources at Hewitt Associates, a provider of human resources consulting services, from May 2007 until March 2011.

Catherine A. Lesjak; age 53; Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

        Ms. Lesjak has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since January 2007. Ms. Lesjak served as HP's interim Chief Executive Officer from August 2010 until November 2010.

Marc A. Levine; age 52; Senior Vice President, Controller and Principal Accounting Officer

        Mr. Levine has served as Senior Vice President, Controller and Principal Accounting Officer since March 2012. Previously, he served as Senior Vice President of Finance and Chief Operating Officer for HP's enterprise services business from April 2010 to March 2012. Prior to that, Mr. Levine served as Vice President of Finance for HP's Enterprise Business from December 2006 to March 2010.

John N. McMullen; age 54; Senior Vice President and Treasurer

        Mr. McMullen has served as Senior Vice President and Treasurer since March 2007. Mr. McMullen also serves as a director of Vocera Communications, Inc.

Michael G. Nefkens; age 43; Executive Vice President, Enterprise Services

        Mr. Nefkens has served as Executive Vice President, Enterprise Services, since December 2012. Previously, he served in that role in an acting capacity since August 2012. Prior to that, Mr. Nefkens served as Senior Vice President and General Manager of Enterprise Services in the EMEA region from November 2009 to August 2012, after having served in client-facing roles for some of Enterprise Services' largest clients since joining the business in 2001.

John F. Schultz; age 48; Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

        Mr. Schultz has served as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since April 2012. Previously, he served as HP's Deputy General Counsel for Litigation, Investigations and Global Functions from September 2008 to April 2012. From March 2005 to September 2008, Mr. Schultz was a partner in the litigation practice at Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, where, among other clients, he supported HP as external counsel on a variety of litigation and regulatory matters.

William L. Veghte; age 45; Chief Operating Officer

        Mr. Veghte has served as Chief Operating Officer since May 2012. Previously, Mr. Veghte served as Executive Vice President of HP Software from May 2010 to May 2012. Prior to joining HP, Mr. Veghte served as Senior Vice President of the Windows business group at Microsoft Corporation, a software company, from February 2008 until January 2010 after having served in various other positions at Microsoft since joining the company in 1990, including Vice President, North America from August 2004 to February 2008.

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Margaret C. Whitman; age 56; President and Chief Executive Officer

        Ms. Whitman has served as President and Chief Executive Officer since September 2011. She has also served as a member of the Board of Directors of HP since January 2011. From March 2011 to September 2011, Ms. Whitman served as a part-time strategic advisor to Kleiner, Perkins, Caulfield & Byers, a private equity firm. Previously, Ms. Whitman served as President and Chief Executive Officer of eBay Inc., an online marketplace and payments company, from 1998 to March 2008. Ms. Whitman also serves as a director of The Procter & Gamble Company and Zipcar, Inc.

Employees

        We had approximately 331,800 employees worldwide as of October 31, 2012.

Available Information

        Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to reports filed or furnished pursuant to Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are available on our website at http://www.hp.com/investor/home, as soon as reasonably practicable after HP electronically files such reports with, or furnishes those reports to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. HP's Corporate Governance Guidelines, Board of Directors committee charters (including the charters of the Audit Committee, HR and Compensation Committee, and Nominating and Governance Committee) and code of ethics entitled "Standards of Business Conduct" also are available at that same location on our website. Stockholders may request free copies of these documents from:

Hewlett-Packard Company
Attention: Investor Relations
3000 Hanover Street
Palo Alto, CA 94304
http://www.hp.com/investor/informationrequest

Additional Information

        Microsoft® and Windows® are U.S.-registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Intel®, Itanium®, Intel Itanium® and Pentium® are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the United States and other countries.

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ITEM 1A. Risk Factors.

        Because of the following factors, as well as other variables affecting our operating results, past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods.

If we are unsuccessful at addressing our business challenges, our business and results of operations may be adversely affected and our ability to invest in and grow our business could be limited.

        There are many challenges facing our business. Many of those challenges relate to structural and execution issues, including the following: we need to align our costs with our revenue trajectory; we need to address our underinvestment in R&D and in our internal IT systems in recent years, which has made us less competitive, effective and efficient; we need to implement the data gathering and reporting tools and systems needed to track and report on all key business performance metrics so as to most effectively manage a company of our size, scale and diversity; and we need to rebuild our business relationships with our channel partners. We are also facing dynamic market trends, such as the growth of mobility, the increasing demand for hyperscale computing infrastructure, the shift to software-as-a-service and the transition towards cloud computing, and we need to develop products and services that position us to win in a very competitive marketplace. Furthermore, we face a series of significant macroeconomic challenges, including broad-based weakness in consumer spending, weak demand in the SMB and enterprise sectors in Europe, and declining growth in some emerging markets, particularly China.

        We are working to address these challenges. During fiscal 2012, we implemented some leadership and organizational changes, including consolidating our personal computer and printing businesses under the same senior executive leadership, merging our global accounts sales organization into ESSN, and centralizing all of our marketing and communications activities. We also began implementing cost reduction initiatives, including the company-wide restructuring plan discussed below. In addition, we began making significant changes to our sales force to improve our go-to-market selling activities and reduce cost, and we renewed our focus on developing new products, services and solutions. We also began working to optimize our supply chain, reduce the number of stock keeping units (SKUs) and platforms, refine our real estate strategy, improve our business processes and implement consistent pricing and promotions. During fiscal 2013, we will be focused on working through the anticipated disruptions expected to accompany the changes made in fiscal 2012 and continuing to implement our cost reduction and operational initiatives. We may experience delays in the anticipated timing of activities related to these efforts and higher than expected or unanticipated costs in implementing them. In addition, we are vulnerable to increased risks associated with implementing these changes given our large portfolio of businesses, the broad range of geographic regions in which we and our customers and partners operate, and the number of acquisitions that we have completed in recent years. If we do not succeed in these efforts, or if these efforts are more costly or time-consuming than expected, our business and results of operations may be adversely affected, which could limit our ability to invest in and grow our business.

        In May 2012, we announced a company-wide restructuring plan expected to be implemented through the end of fiscal 2014. The restructuring plan includes both voluntary early retirement programs and non-voluntary workforce reductions and is expected to result in 29,000 employees exiting the company by the end of that period. Significant risks associated with these actions and other workforce management issues that may impair our ability to achieve anticipated cost reductions or that may otherwise harm our business include delays in implementation of anticipated workforce reductions in highly regulated locations outside of the United States, particularly in Europe and Asia, decreases in employee morale and the failure to meet operational targets due to the loss of employees. In addition, our ability to achieve the anticipated cost savings and other benefits from these actions within the expected time frame is subject to many estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions

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are subject to significant economic, competitive and other uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. If these estimates and assumptions are incorrect, if we experience delays, or if other unforeseen events occur, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Competitive pressures could harm our revenue, gross margin and prospects.

        We encounter aggressive competition from numerous and varied competitors in all areas of our business, and our competitors may target our key market segments. We compete primarily on the basis of technology, performance, price, quality, reliability, brand, reputation, distribution, range of products and services, ease of use of our products, account relationships, customer training, service and support, security, availability of application software, and Internet infrastructure offerings. If our products, services, support and cost structure do not enable us to compete successfully based on any of those criteria, our operations, results and prospects could be harmed.

        We have a large portfolio of businesses and must allocate resources across all of those businesses while competing with companies that have much smaller portfolios or specialize in one or more of these product lines. As a result, we may invest less in certain areas of our businesses than our competitors do, and these competitors may have greater financial, technical and marketing resources available to them than our businesses that compete against them. Industry consolidation also may affect competition by creating larger, more homogeneous and potentially stronger competitors in the markets in which we compete, and our competitors also may affect our business by entering into exclusive arrangements with existing or potential customers or suppliers.

        Companies with whom we have alliances in some areas may be competitors in other areas. For example, in the second quarter of fiscal 2011, an alliance partner that also markets a line of competing servers announced that it intended to cease software development for our Itanium-based servers, which has resulted in orders for our servers being canceled or delayed. While we have obtained a court ruling finding that the alliance partner has an obligation to continue developing software for our Itanium-based servers, we may continue to experience reduced demand. In addition, companies with whom we have alliances also may acquire or form alliances with our competitors, thereby reducing their business with us. Any inability to effectively manage these complicated relationships with alliance partners could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

        We may have to continue lowering the prices of many of our products and services to stay competitive, while at the same time trying to maintain or improve revenue and gross margin. The markets in which we do business are highly competitive, and we encounter aggressive price competition for all of our products and services from numerous companies globally. In addition, competitors in some of the markets in which we compete who have a greater presence in lower-cost jurisdictions may be able to offer lower prices than we are able to offer. Our results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected by these and other industry-wide pricing pressures.

        Because our business model is based on providing innovative and high quality products, we may spend a proportionately greater amount on research and development than some of our competitors. If we cannot proportionately decrease our cost structure on a timely basis in response to competitive price pressures, our gross margin and, therefore, our profitability could be adversely affected. In addition, if our pricing and other factors are not sufficiently competitive, or if there is an adverse reaction to our product decisions, we may lose market share in certain areas, which could adversely affect our revenue and prospects.

        Even if we are able to maintain or increase market share for a particular product, revenue could decline because the product is in a maturing industry. Revenue and margins also could decline due to increased competition from other types of products. For example, growing demand for an increasing array of mobile computing devices and the development of cloud-based solutions may reduce demand for some of our existing hardware products. In addition, refill and remanufactured alternatives for some

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of HP's LaserJet toner and inkjet cartridges compete with HP's supplies business. Other companies have also developed and marketed new compatible cartridges for HP's LaserJet and inkjet products, particularly in jurisdictions outside of the United States where adequate intellectual property protection may not exist.

If we cannot successfully execute on our strategy and continue to develop, manufacture and market products, services and solutions that meet customer requirements for innovation and quality, our revenue and gross margin may suffer.

        Our long-term strategy is focused on leveraging our portfolio of hardware, software and services as we adapt to a changing/hybrid model of IT delivery and consumption driven by the growing adoption of cloud computing and increased demand for integrated IT solutions. To successfully execute on this strategy, we need to continue to further evolve the focus of our organization towards the delivery of integrated IT solutions for our customers and to invest and expand into cloud computing, security, and information management and analytics. Any failure to successfully execute this strategy could adversely affect our operating results.

        The process of developing new high technology products, software services and solutions and enhancing existing hardware and software products, services and solutions is complex, costly and uncertain, and any failure by us to anticipate customers' changing needs and emerging technological trends accurately could significantly harm our market share and results of operations. For example, as we transition to an environment characterized by cloud-based computing and software being delivered as a service, we must continue to successfully develop and deploy cloud-based solutions for our customers. We must make long-term investments, develop or obtain, and protect appropriate intellectual property and commit significant resources before knowing whether our predictions will accurately reflect customer demand for our products, services and solutions. In addition, after we develop a product, we must be able to manufacture appropriate volumes quickly and at low costs. To accomplish this, we must accurately forecast volumes, mixes of products and configurations that meet customer requirements, and we may not succeed at doing so within a given product's life cycle or at all. Any delay in the development, production or marketing of a new product, service or solution could result in us not being among the first to market, which could further harm our competitive position.

        In the course of conducting our business, we must adequately address quality issues associated with our products, services and solutions, including defects in our engineering, design and manufacturing processes and unsatisfactory performance under service contracts, as well as defects in third-party components included in our products and unsatisfactory performance by third-party contractors. In order to address quality issues, we work extensively with our customers and suppliers and engage in product testing to determine the causes of problems and to determine appropriate solutions. However, the products, services and solutions that we offer are complex, and our regular testing and quality control efforts may not be effective in controlling or detecting all quality issues or errata, particularly with respect to faulty components manufactured by third parties. If we are unable to determine the cause, find an appropriate solution or offer a temporary fix (or "patch") to address quality issues with our products, we may delay shipment to customers, which would delay revenue recognition and could adversely affect our revenue and reported results. Addressing quality issues can be expensive and may result in additional warranty, replacement and other costs, adversely affecting our profits. If new or existing customers have difficulty operating our products or are dissatisfied with our services or solutions, our operating margins could be adversely affected, and we could face possible claims if we fail to meet our customers' expectations. In addition, quality issues can impair our relationships with new or existing customers and adversely affect our brand and reputation, which could, in turn, adversely affect our operating results.

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Economic weakness and uncertainty could adversely affect our revenue, gross margin and expenses.

        Our revenue and gross margin depend significantly on worldwide economic conditions and the demand for technology hardware, software and services in the markets in which we compete. Economic weakness and uncertainty have resulted, and may result in the future, in decreased revenue, gross margin, earnings or growth rates and in increased difficulty in managing inventory levels. For example, in recent periods we have experienced macroeconomic challenges across many geographic regions, particularly in the United States and Western Europe, broad-based weakness in consumer demand, decelerating growth in China, the impact of the continuing uncertainties associated with the debt crisis in certain countries in the European Union and austerity measures being implemented or contemplated by various countries in the Europe, Middle East and Africa region. In addition, sustained uncertainty about current global economic conditions may adversely affect demand for our products, services and solutions. Economic weakness and uncertainty also make it more difficult for us to make accurate forecasts of revenue, gross margin and expenses.

        We also have experienced, and may experience in the future, gross margin declines in certain businesses, reflecting the effect of items such as competitive pricing pressures, inventory write-downs and increases in component and manufacturing costs resulting from higher labor and material costs borne by our manufacturers and suppliers that, as a result of competitive pricing pressures or other factors, we are unable to pass on to our customers. In addition, our business may be disrupted if we are unable to obtain equipment, parts or components from our suppliers—and our suppliers from their suppliers—due to the insolvency of key suppliers or the inability of key suppliers to obtain credit.

        Economic weakness and uncertainty could cause our expenses to vary materially from our expectations. Any financial turmoil affecting the banking system and financial markets or any significant financial services institution failures could negatively impact our treasury operations, as the financial condition of such parties may deteriorate rapidly and without notice in times of market volatility and disruption. Poor financial performance of asset markets combined with lower interest rates and the adverse effects of fluctuating currency exchange rates could lead to higher pension and post-retirement benefit expenses. Other income and expense could vary materially from expectations depending on changes in interest rates, borrowing costs, currency exchange rates, hedging expenses and the fair value of derivative instruments. Economic downturns also may lead to restructuring actions and associated expenses.

We depend on third-party suppliers, and our revenue and gross margin could suffer if we fail to manage suppliers properly.

        Our operations depend on our ability to anticipate our needs for components, products and services, as well as our suppliers' ability to deliver sufficient quantities of quality components, products and services at reasonable prices in time for us to meet critical schedules. Given the wide variety of systems, products and services that we offer, the large number of our suppliers and contract manufacturers that are located around the world, and the long lead times required to manufacture, assemble and deliver certain components and products, problems could arise in production, planning, and inventory management that could seriously harm us. In addition, our ongoing efforts to optimize the efficiency of our supply chain could cause supply disruptions and be more expensive, time-consuming and resource intensive than expected. Other supplier problems that we could face include component shortages, excess supply, risks related to the terms of our contracts with suppliers, risks associated with contingent workers, and risks related to our relationships with single source suppliers, as described below.

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Business disruptions could seriously harm our future revenue and financial condition and increase our costs and expenses.

        Our worldwide operations could be disrupted by earthquakes, telecommunications failures, power or water shortages, tsunamis, floods, hurricanes, typhoons, fires, extreme weather conditions, medical epidemics or pandemics and other natural or manmade disasters or catastrophic events, for which we are predominantly self-insured. The occurrence of any of these business disruptions could result in significant losses, seriously harm our revenue, profitability and financial condition, adversely affect our competitive position, increase our costs and expenses, and require substantial expenditures and recovery time in order to fully resume operations. Our corporate headquarters and a portion of our research and development activities are located in California, and other critical business operations and some of our suppliers are located in California and Asia, near major earthquake faults known for seismic activity. In addition, six of our principal worldwide IT data centers are located in the southern United States, making our operations more vulnerable to natural disasters or other business disruptions occurring in that geographical area. The manufacture of product components, the final assembly of our products and other critical operations are concentrated in certain geographic locations, including Shanghai, Singapore and India. We also rely on major logistics hubs primarily in Asia to manufacture and distribute our products and in the southwestern United States to import products into the Americas region. Our operations could be adversely affected if manufacturing, logistics or other operations in these locations are disrupted for any reason, including natural disasters, information technology system failures, military actions or economic, business, labor, environmental, public health, regulatory or political issues. The ultimate impact on us, our significant suppliers and our general infrastructure of being located near locations more vulnerable to the occurrence of the aforementioned business disruptions, such as near major earthquake faults, and being consolidated in certain geographical areas is unknown and remains uncertain.

System security risks, data protection breaches, cyber attacks and systems integration issues could disrupt our internal operations or information technology services provided to customers, and any such disruption could reduce our expected revenue, increase our expenses, damage our reputation and adversely affect our stock price.

        Experienced computer programmers and hackers may be able to penetrate our network security and misappropriate or compromise our confidential information or that of third parties, create system disruptions or cause shutdowns. Computer programmers and hackers also may be able to develop and deploy viruses, worms, and other malicious software programs that attack our products or otherwise exploit any security vulnerabilities of our products. In addition, sophisticated hardware and operating

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system software and applications that we produce or procure from third parties may contain defects in design or manufacture, including "bugs" and other problems that could unexpectedly interfere with the operation of the system. The costs to us to eliminate or alleviate cyber or other security problems, bugs, viruses, worms, malicious software programs and security vulnerabilities could be significant, and our efforts to address these problems may not be successful and could result in interruptions, delays, cessation of service and loss of existing or potential customers that may impede our sales, manufacturing, distribution or other critical functions.

        We manage and store various proprietary information and sensitive or confidential data relating to our business. In addition, our outsourcing services business routinely processes, stores and transmits large amounts of data for our clients, including sensitive and personally identifiable information. Breaches of our security measures or the accidental loss, inadvertent disclosure or unapproved dissemination of proprietary information or sensitive or confidential data about us, our clients or customers, including the potential loss or disclosure of such information or data as a result of fraud, trickery or other forms of deception, could expose us, our customers or the individuals affected to a risk of loss or misuse of this information, result in litigation and potential liability for us, damage our brand and reputation or otherwise harm our business. We also could lose existing or potential customers of outsourcing services or other IT solutions or incur significant expenses in connection with our customers' system failures or any actual or perceived security vulnerabilities in our products. In addition, the cost and operational consequences of implementing further data protection measures could be significant.

        Portions of our IT infrastructure also may experience interruptions, delays or cessations of service or produce errors in connection with systems integration or migration work that takes place from time to time. We may not be successful in implementing new systems and transitioning data, which could cause business disruptions and be more expensive, time-consuming, disruptive and resource intensive. Such disruptions could adversely impact our ability to fulfill orders and respond to customer requests and interrupt other processes. Delayed sales, lower margins or lost customers resulting from these disruptions have adversely affected, and in the future could adversely affect, our financial results, stock price and reputation.

The revenue and profitability of our operations have historically varied, which makes our future financial results less predictable.

        Our revenue, gross margin and profit vary among our products and services, customer groups and geographic markets and therefore will likely be different in future periods than our current results. Our revenue depends on the overall demand for our products and services. Delays or reductions in IT spending could materially adversely affect demand for our products and services, which could result in a significant decline in revenues. Overall gross margins and profitability in any given period are dependent partially on the product, service, customer and geographic mix reflected in that period's net revenue. Competition, lawsuits, investigations and other risks affecting those businesses therefore may have a significant impact on our overall gross margin and profitability. Certain segments have a higher fixed cost structure and more variation in gross margins across their business units and product portfolios than others and may therefore experience significant operating profit volatility on a quarterly basis. In addition, newer geographic markets may be relatively less profitable due to investments associated with entering those markets and local pricing pressures, and we may have difficulty establishing and maintaining the operating infrastructure necessary to support the high growth rate associated with some of those markets. Market trends, industry shifts, competitive pressures, commoditization of products, seasonal rebates, increased component or shipping costs, regulatory impacts and other factors may result in reductions in revenue or pressure on gross margins of certain segments in a given period, which may necessitate adjustments to our operations. Moreover, the execution of our efforts to address the challenges facing our business could increase the level of

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variability in our financial results, as the rate at which we are able to realize the benefits from those efforts may vary from period to period.

HP's stock price has historically fluctuated and may continue to fluctuate, which may make future prices of HP's stock difficult to predict.

        HP's stock price, like that of other technology companies, can be volatile. Some of the factors that could affect our stock price are:

        General or industry specific market conditions or stock market performance or domestic or international macroeconomic and geopolitical factors unrelated to HP's performance also may affect the price of HP stock. For these reasons, investors should not rely on recent or historical trends to predict future stock prices, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. In addition, as discussed in Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, we are involved in several securities class action litigation matters. Additional volatility in the price of our securities could result in the filing of additional securities class action litigation matters, which could result in substantial costs and the diversion of management time and resources.

Our revenue, cost of sales, and expenses may suffer if we cannot continue to license or enforce the intellectual property rights on which our businesses depend or if third parties assert that we violate their intellectual property rights.

        We rely upon patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws in the United States, similar laws in other countries, and agreements with our employees, customers, suppliers and other parties, to establish and maintain intellectual property rights in the products and services we sell, provide or otherwise use in our operations. However, any of our intellectual property rights could be challenged, invalidated, infringed or circumvented, or such intellectual property rights may not be sufficient to permit us to take advantage of current market trends or to otherwise provide competitive advantages, either of which could result in costly product redesign efforts, discontinuance of certain product offerings or other harm to our competitive position. Further, the laws of certain countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Therefore, in certain

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jurisdictions we may be unable to protect our proprietary technology adequately against unauthorized third-party copying or use; this, too, could adversely affect our competitive position.

        Because of the rapid pace of technological change in the information technology industry, much of our business and many of our products rely on key technologies developed or licensed by third parties. We may not be able to obtain or continue to obtain licenses and technologies from these third parties at all or on reasonable terms, or such third parties may demand cross-licenses to our intellectual property. In addition, it is possible that as a consequence of a merger or acquisition, third parties may obtain licenses to some of our intellectual property rights or our business may be subject to certain restrictions that were not in place prior to the transaction. Consequently, we may lose a competitive advantage with respect to these intellectual property rights or we may be required to enter into costly arrangements in order to terminate or limit these rights.

        Third parties also may claim that we or customers indemnified by us are infringing upon their intellectual property rights. For example, individuals and groups frequently purchase intellectual property assets for the purpose of asserting claims of infringement and attempting to extract settlements from companies such as HP and their customers. The number of these claims has increased significantly in recent periods and may continue to increase in the future. If we cannot or do not license infringed intellectual property at all or on reasonable terms, or if we are required to substitute similar technology from another source, our operations could be adversely affected. Even if we believe that intellectual property claims are without merit, they can be time-consuming and costly to defend against and may divert management's attention and resources away from our business. Claims of intellectual property infringement also might require us to redesign affected products, enter into costly settlement or license agreements, pay costly damage awards, or face a temporary or permanent injunction prohibiting us from importing, marketing or selling certain of our products. Even if we have an agreement to indemnify us against such costs, the indemnifying party may be unable or unwilling to uphold its contractual obligations to us.

        Finally, our results of operations and cash flows have been and could continue to be affected in certain periods and on an ongoing basis by the imposition, accrual and payment of copyright levies or similar fees. In certain countries (primarily in Europe), proceedings are ongoing or have been concluded involving HP in which groups representing copyright owners have sought to impose upon and collect from HP levies upon equipment (such as PCs, MFDs and printers) alleged to be copying devices under applicable laws. Other such groups have also sought to modify existing levy schemes to increase the amount of the levies that can be collected from HP. Other countries that have not imposed levies on these types of devices are expected to extend existing levy schemes, and countries that do not currently have levy schemes may decide to impose copyright levies on these types of devices. The total amount of the copyright levies will depend on the types of products determined to be subject to the levy, the number of units of those products sold during the period covered by the levy, and the per unit fee for each type of product, all of which are affected by several factors, including the outcome of ongoing litigation involving HP and other industry participants and possible action by the legislative bodies in the applicable countries, and could be substantial. Consequently, the ultimate impact of these copyright levies or similar fees, and the ability of HP to recover such amounts through increased prices, remains uncertain.

Due to the international nature of our business, political or economic changes or other factors could harm our future revenue, costs and expenses and financial condition.

        Sales outside the United States make up approximately 65% of our net revenue. In addition, an increasing portion of our business activity is being conducted in emerging markets, including Brazil,

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Russia, India and China. Our future revenue, gross margin, expenses and financial condition could suffer due to a variety of international factors, including:

        The factors described above also could disrupt our product and component manufacturing and key suppliers located outside of the United States. For example, we rely on manufacturers in Taiwan for the production of notebook computers and other suppliers in Asia for product assembly and manufacture.

        As approximately 65% of our sales are from countries outside of the United States, other currencies, including the euro, the British pound, Chinese yuan renminbi and the Japanese yen, can have an impact on HP's results (expressed in U.S. dollars). In particular, the uncertainty with respect to the ability of certain European countries to continue to service their sovereign debt obligations and the related European financial restructuring efforts may cause the value of the euro to fluctuate. Currency variations also contribute to variations in sales of products and services in impacted jurisdictions. For example, in the event that one or more European countries were to replace the euro with another currency, HP sales into such countries, or into Europe generally, would likely be adversely affected until stable exchange rates are established. Accordingly, fluctuations in foreign currency rates, most notably the strengthening of the dollar against the euro, could adversely affect our revenue growth in future periods. In addition, currency variations can adversely affect margins on sales of our products in countries outside of the United States and margins on sales of products that include components obtained from suppliers located outside of the United States. We use a combination of forward contracts and options designated as cash flow hedges to protect against foreign currency exchange rate risks. The effectiveness of our hedges depends on our ability to accurately forecast future cash flows, which is particularly difficult during periods of uncertain demand for our products and services and highly volatile exchange rates. As a result, we could incur significant losses from our hedging activities if our forecasts are incorrect. In addition, our hedging activities may be ineffective or may not offset any or more than a portion of the adverse financial impact resulting from currency variations. Gains or

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losses associated with hedging activities also may impact our revenue and to a lesser extent our cost of sales and financial condition.

        In many foreign countries, particularly in those with developing economies, it is common to engage in business practices that are prohibited by laws and regulations applicable to us, such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. For example, as discussed in Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the German Public Prosecutor's Office, the U.S. Department of Justice and the SEC have been investigating allegations that certain current and former employees of HP engaged in bribery, embezzlement and tax evasion or were involved in kickbacks or other improper payments. Although we implement policies and procedures designed to facilitate compliance with these laws, our employees, contractors and agents, as well as those companies to which we outsource certain of our business operations, may take actions in violation of our policies. Any such violation could have an adverse effect on our business and reputation.

If we fail to manage the distribution of our products and services properly, our revenue, gross margin and profitability could suffer.

        We use a variety of distribution methods to sell our products and services, including third-party resellers and distributors and both direct and indirect sales to enterprise accounts and consumers. Successfully managing the interaction of our direct and indirect channel efforts to reach various potential customer segments for our products and services is a complex process. Moreover, since each distribution method has distinct risks and gross margins, our failure to implement the most advantageous balance in the delivery model for our products and services could adversely affect our revenue and gross margins and therefore our profitability. Other distribution risks are described below.

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If we do not effectively manage our product and services transitions, our revenue may suffer.

        Many of the markets in which we compete are characterized by rapid technological advances in hardware performance and software features and functionality, frequent introduction of new products, short product life cycles, and continual improvement in product price characteristics relative to product performance. To maintain our competitive position in these markets, we must successfully develop and introduce new products and services. Among the risks associated with the introduction of new products and services are: delays in development or manufacturing, variations in costs, delays in customer purchases or reductions in the price of existing products in anticipation of new introductions, difficulty in predicting customer demand for the new offerings and challenges of effectively managing inventory levels so that they are in line with anticipated demand; risks associated with customer qualification and evaluation of new products; and the risk that new products may have quality or other defects or may not be supported adequately by application software. If we do not make an effective transition from existing products and services to future offerings, our revenue may decline.

        Our revenue and gross margin also may suffer as a result of the timing of product or service introductions by our suppliers and competitors. This is especially challenging when a product has a short life cycle or a competitor introduces a new product just before our own product introduction. Furthermore, sales of our new products and services may replace sales or result in discounting of some of our current offerings, offsetting the benefit of even a successful introduction. There also may be overlaps in the current products and services of HP and portfolios acquired through mergers and acquisitions that we must manage. In addition, it may be difficult to ensure performance of new customer contracts in accordance with our revenue, margin and cost estimates and to achieve operational efficiencies embedded in our estimates. Given the competitive nature of our industry, if any of these risks materializes, future demand for our products and services and our results of operations may suffer.

Our revenue and profitability could suffer if we do not manage the risks associated with our services business properly.

        The risks that accompany our services business differ from those of our other businesses and include the following:

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If we fail to comply with our customer contracts or government contracting regulations, our revenue could suffer.

        Our contracts with our customers may include unique and specialized performance requirements. In particular, our contracts with federal, state, provincial and local governmental customers are subject to various procurement regulations, contract provisions and other requirements relating to their formation, administration and performance. Any failure by us to comply with the specific provisions in our customer contracts or any violation of government contracting regulations could result in the imposition of various civil and criminal penalties, which may include termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments and, in the case of our government contracts, fines and suspension from future government contracting. In addition, we have in the past been, and may in the future be, subject to qui tam litigation brought by private individuals on behalf of the government relating to our government contracts, which could include claims for up to treble damages. Further, any negative publicity related to our customer contracts or any proceedings surrounding them, regardless of its accuracy, may damage our business by affecting our ability to compete for new contracts. If our customer contracts are terminated, if we are suspended or disbarred from government work, or if our ability to compete for new contracts is adversely affected, we could suffer a reduction in expected revenue.

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Failure to maintain our credit ratings could adversely affect our liquidity, capital position, borrowing costs and access to capital markets.

        Our credit risk is evaluated by three independent rating agencies. Those rating agencies, Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, Fitch Ratings Services and Moody's Investors Service, downgraded our ratings on November 30, 2011, December 2, 2011 and January 20, 2012, respectively. In addition, Fitch Ratings Services and Moody's Investors Service downgraded our ratings a second time on October 5, 2012 and November 27, 2012, respectively. Our credit ratings remain under negative outlook by Moody's Investors Service. These downgrades have increased the cost of borrowing under our credit facilities, have reduced market capacity for our commercial paper, and may require the posting of additional collateral under some of our derivative contracts. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain our current credit ratings, and any additional actual or anticipated changes or downgrades in our credit ratings, including any announcement that our ratings are under further review for a downgrade, may further impact us in a similar manner and may have a negative impact on our liquidity, capital position and access to capital markets.

We make estimates and assumptions in connection with the preparation of HP's Consolidated Financial Statements, and any changes to those estimates and assumptions could adversely affect our results of operations.

        In connection with the preparation of HP's Consolidated Financial Statements, we use certain estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and other factors. Our most critical accounting estimates are described in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in this report. In addition, as discussed in Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, we make certain estimates, including decisions related to provisions for legal proceedings and other contingencies. While we believe that these estimates and assumptions are reasonable under the circumstances, they are subject to significant uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. Should any of these estimates and assumptions change or prove to have been incorrect, it could adversely affect our results of operations.

Unanticipated changes in HP's tax provisions, the adoption of new tax legislation or exposure to additional tax liabilities could affect our profitability.

        We are subject to income and other taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Our tax liabilities are affected by the amounts we charge for inventory, services, licenses, funding and other items in intercompany transactions. We are subject to ongoing tax audits in various jurisdictions. Tax authorities may disagree with our intercompany charges, cross-jurisdictional transfer pricing or other matters and assess additional taxes. We regularly assess the likely outcomes of these audits in order to determine the appropriateness of our tax provision. However, there can be no assurance that we will accurately predict the outcomes of these audits, and the amounts ultimately paid upon resolution of audits could be materially different from the amounts previously included in our income tax expense and therefore could have a material impact on our tax provision, net income and cash flows. In addition, our effective tax rate in the future could be adversely affected by changes to our operating structure, changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, changes in tax laws and the discovery of new information in the course of our tax return preparation process. In particular, the carrying value of deferred tax assets, which are predominantly in the United States, is dependent on our ability to generate future taxable income in the United States. In addition, President Obama's administration has announced proposals for other U.S. tax legislation that, if adopted, could adversely affect our tax rate. There are also other tax proposals that have been introduced, that are being considered, or that have been enacted by the United States Congress or the legislative bodies in foreign jurisdictions that could affect our tax rate, the carrying value of deferred tax assets, or our other tax liabilities. Any of these changes could affect our profitability.

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Our sales cycle makes planning and inventory management difficult and future financial results less predictable.

        In some of our segments, our quarterly sales often have reflected a pattern in which a disproportionate percentage of each quarter's total sales occurs towards the end of such quarter. This uneven sales pattern makes prediction of revenue, earnings, cash flow from operations and working capital for each financial period difficult, increases the risk of unanticipated variations in quarterly results and financial condition and places pressure on our inventory management and logistics systems. If predicted demand is substantially greater than orders, there will be excess inventory. Alternatively, if orders substantially exceed predicted demand, we may not be able to fulfill all of the orders received in the last few weeks of each quarter. Other developments late in a quarter, such as a systems failure, component pricing movements, component shortages or global logistics disruptions, could adversely impact inventory levels and results of operations in a manner that is disproportionate to the number of days in the quarter affected.

        We experience some seasonal trends in the sale of our products that also may produce variations in quarterly results and financial condition. For example, sales to governments (particularly sales to the U.S. government) are often stronger in the third calendar quarter, consumer sales are often stronger in the fourth calendar quarter, and many customers whose fiscal and calendar years are the same spend their remaining capital budget authorizations in the fourth calendar quarter prior to new budget constraints in the first calendar quarter of the following year. European sales are often weaker during the summer months. Demand during the spring and early summer also may be adversely impacted by market anticipation of seasonal trends. Moreover, to the extent that we introduce new products in anticipation of seasonal demand trends, our discounting of existing products may adversely affect our gross margin prior to or shortly after such product launches. Typically, our third fiscal quarter is our weakest and our fourth fiscal quarter is our strongest. Many of the factors that create and affect seasonal trends are beyond our control.

In order to be successful, we must attract, retain, train, motivate, develop and transition key employees, and failure to do so could seriously harm us.

        In order to be successful, we must attract, retain, train, motivate, develop and transition qualified executives and other key employees, including those in managerial, technical, sales, marketing and IT support positions. Identifying, developing internally or hiring externally, training and retaining qualified executives, engineers, skilled solutions providers in the IT support business and qualified sales representatives are critical to our future, and competition for experienced employees in the IT industry can be intense. In order to attract and retain executives and other key employees in a competitive marketplace, we must provide a competitive compensation package, including cash- and share-based compensation. Our share-based incentive awards include stock options, restricted stock units and performance-based restricted units, some of which contain conditions relating to HP's stock price performance and HP's long-term financial performance that make the future value of those awards uncertain. In addition, the value of all of our share-based incentive awards depends on HP's stock price, which declined by nearly 50% during fiscal 2012. If the anticipated value of such share-based incentive awards does not materialize, if our share-based compensation otherwise ceases to be viewed as a valuable benefit, if our total compensation package is not viewed as being competitive, or if we do not obtain the shareholder approval needed to continue granting share-based incentive awards in the amounts we believe are necessary, our ability to attract, retain, and motivate executives and key employees could be weakened. The failure to successfully hire executives and key employees or the loss of any executives and key employees could have a significant impact on our operations. Further, changes in our management team may be disruptive to our business, and any failure to successfully transition and assimilate key new hires or promoted employees could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

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Terrorist acts, conflicts, wars and geopolitical uncertainties may seriously harm our business and revenue, costs and expenses and financial condition and stock price.

        Terrorist acts, conflicts or wars (wherever located around the world) may cause damage or disruption to HP, our employees, facilities, partners, suppliers, distributors, resellers or customers or adversely affect our ability to manage logistics, operate our transportation and communication systems or conduct certain other critical business operations. The potential for future attacks, the national and international responses to attacks or perceived threats to national security, and other actual or potential conflicts or wars, including the ongoing military operations in Afghanistan, have created many economic and political uncertainties. In addition, as a major multinational company with headquarters and significant operations located in the United States, actions against or by the United States may impact our business or employees. Although it is impossible to predict the occurrences or consequences of any such events, if they occur, they could result in a decrease in demand for our products, make it difficult or impossible to provide services or deliver products to our customers or to receive components from our suppliers, create delays and inefficiencies in our supply chain and result in the need to impose employee travel restrictions. We are predominantly uninsured for losses and interruptions caused by terrorist acts, conflicts and wars.

Any failure by us to identify, manage, complete and integrate acquisitions, divestitures and other significant transactions successfully could harm our financial results, business and prospects, and the costs, expenses and other financial and operational effects associated with managing, completing and integrating acquisitions may result in financial results that are different than expected.

        As part of our business strategy, we frequently acquire companies or businesses, divest businesses or assets, enter into strategic alliances and joint ventures and make investments to further our business (collectively, "business combination and investment transactions"). In order to pursue this strategy successfully, we must identify candidates for and successfully complete business combination and investment transactions, some of which may be large or complex, and manage post-closing issues such as the integration of acquired businesses, products, services or employees. Risks associated with business combination and investment transactions include the following, any of which could adversely affect our revenue, gross margin and profitability:

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        HP has incurred and will incur additional depreciation and amortization expense over the useful lives of certain assets acquired in connection with business combination and investment transactions, and, to the extent that the value of goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite lives acquired in connection with a business combination and investment transaction becomes impaired, we may be required to incur additional material charges relating to the impairment of those assets. For example, as discussed in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, in our third fiscal quarter of 2012, we recorded an $8.0 billion impairment charge relating to the goodwill associated with our enterprise services reporting unit within our Services segment and a $1.2 billion impairment charge as a result of an asset impairment analysis of the "Compaq" trade name acquired in 2002. In addition, in our fourth fiscal quarter of 2012, we recorded an $8.8 billion impairment charge relating to the goodwill and intangible assets associated with our Autonomy Corporation plc ("Autonomy") reporting unit within our Software segment. If there are future changes in our stock price or significant changes in the business climate or operating results of our reporting units, we may incur additional goodwill impairment charges.

        Integration issues are often complex, time-consuming and expensive and, without proper planning and implementation, could significantly disrupt our business, including the business acquired as a result of any business combination and investment transaction. The challenges involved in integration include:

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        We also continue to evaluate the potential disposition of assets and businesses that may no longer help us meet our objectives. When we decide to sell assets or a business, we may encounter difficulty in finding buyers or alternative exit strategies on acceptable terms in a timely manner, which could delay the achievement of our strategic objectives. We may also dispose of a business at a price or on terms that are less desirable than we had anticipated. In addition, we may experience greater dis-synergies than expected, and the impact of the divestiture on our revenue growth may be larger than projected. After reaching an agreement with a buyer or seller for the acquisition or disposition of a business, we are subject to satisfaction of pre-closing conditions as well as to necessary regulatory and governmental approvals on acceptable terms, which may prevent us from completing the transaction. Dispositions may also involve continued financial involvement in the divested business, such as through continuing equity ownership, guarantees, indemnities or other financial obligations. Under these arrangements, performance by the divested businesses or other conditions outside of our control could affect our future financial results.

Unforeseen environmental costs could impact our future net earnings.

        We are subject to various federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations concerning environmental protection, including laws addressing the discharge of pollutants into the air and water, the management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes, the cleanup of contaminated sites, the content of our products and the recycling, treatment and disposal of our products, including batteries. In particular, we face increasing complexity in our product design and procurement operations as we adjust to new and future requirements relating to the chemical and materials composition of our products, their safe use, the energy consumption associated with those products, climate change laws and regulations, and product take-back legislation. We could incur substantial costs, our products could be restricted from entering certain jurisdictions, and we could face other sanctions, if we were to violate or become liable under environmental laws or if our products become non-compliant with environmental laws. Our potential exposure includes fines and civil or criminal sanctions, third-party property damage, personal injury claims and clean up costs. Further, liability under some environmental laws relating to contaminated sites can be imposed retroactively, on a joint and several basis, and without any finding of noncompliance or fault. The amount and timing of costs under environmental laws are difficult to predict.

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Some anti-takeover provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, as well as provisions of Delaware law, could impair a takeover attempt.

        We have provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, each of which could have the effect of rendering more difficult or discouraging an acquisition of HP deemed undesirable by our Board of Directors. These include provisions:

        These provisions, alone or together, could deter or delay hostile takeovers, proxy contests and changes in control or management of HP. As a Delaware corporation, HP also is subject to provisions of Delaware law, including Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which prevents some stockholders from engaging in certain business combinations without approval of the holders of substantially all of HP's outstanding common stock.

        Any provision of our certificate of incorporation or bylaws or Delaware law that has the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control of HP could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of HP common stock and also could affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for HP common stock.


ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

        None.


ITEM 2. Properties.

        As of October 31, 2012, we owned or leased a total of approximately 67 million square feet of space worldwide. We owned 45% of this space and leased the remaining 55%. Included in these amounts are 8 million square feet of vacated space, of which 2 million square feet is leased to non-HP interests. We believe that our existing properties are in good condition and are suitable for the conduct of our business.

        As of October 31, 2012, HP core data centers, manufacturing plants, research and development facilities, and warehouse operations occupied 28 million square feet. We own 51% of our data center, manufacturing, research and development, and warehouse space and lease the remaining 49%. The remainder of our space is used for administrative and support activities and occupies 31 million square feet. We own 38% of our administrative and support space and lease the remaining 62%. As of October 31, 2012, we have completed our fiscal 2008 restructuring plan to reduce our real estate costs and increase our productive utilization by consolidating into several hundred HP core real estate locations worldwide. We will continue to take real estate portfolio optimization actions in support of the fiscal 2012 restructuring plan.

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        As mentioned above in Item 1. Business, we have seven business segments: Personal Systems, Printing, Services, ESSN, Software, HPFS and Corporate Investments. Because of the interrelation of these segments, a majority of these segments use substantially all of the properties at least in part, and we retain the flexibility to use each of the properties in whole or in part for each of the segments.

Principal Executive Offices

        Our principal executive offices, including our global headquarters, are located at 3000 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, California, United States of America.

Headquarters of Geographic Operations

        The locations of our headquarters of geographic operations at October 31, 2012 were as follows:

Americas
  Europe, Middle East, Africa
  Asia Pacific
Houston, United States
Miami, United States
Mississauga, Canada
  Geneva, Switzerland   Singapore
Tokyo, Japan

Product Development and Manufacturing

        The locations of our major product development, manufacturing, and HP Labs at October 31, 2012 were as follows:

Americas   Europe, Middle East, Africa   Hewlett-Packard Laboratories
         
Houston, Texas
 
Corvallis, Oregon
  
Roseville and San Diego, California
  
Aguadilla, Puerto Rico
  
Indianapolis, Indiana
  
Boise, Idaho
  
Andover, Massachusetts
  
La Vergne, Tennessee
  
Des Moines, Iowa
 
Fort Collins, Colorado
 
Sandston, Virginia
  Leixlip, Ireland
 
Kiryat Gat, Ness Ziona, and Netanya, Israel
 
Erskine, United Kingdom
 
Sant Cugat del Valles, Spain
  
  
Asia Pacific
  
Singapore
  
Chongqing and Shanghai, China
  
Udham Singh Nagar, India
  
Tokyo, Japan
  Bangalore, India
 
Beijing, China
 
Bristol, United Kingdom
 
Fusionopolis, Singapore
 
Haifa, Israel
 
Palo Alto, United States
 
St. Petersburg, Russia
  


ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings.

        Information with respect to this item may be found in Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference.


ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

        Not applicable.

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PART II

ITEM 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

        Information regarding the market prices of HP common stock and the markets for that stock may be found in the "Quarterly Summary" in Item 8 and on the cover page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, respectively, which are incorporated herein by reference. We have declared and paid cash dividends each fiscal year since 1965. In fiscal 2012, we declared dividends of $0.24 per share and $0.26 per share in the first and third quarters, respectively, and paid dividends of $0.12 per share in each of the first and second quarters and $0.13 per share in each of the third and fourth quarters. In fiscal 2011, we declared dividends of $0.16 per share and $0.24 per share in the first and third quarters, respectively, and paid dividends of $0.08 per share in each of the first and second quarters and $0.12 per share in each of the third and fourth quarters. As of November 30, 2012, there were approximately 104,900 stockholders of record. Additional information concerning dividends may be found in "Selected Financial Data" in Item 6 and in Item 8, which are incorporated herein by reference.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

        There were no unregistered sales of equity securities in fiscal 2012.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period
  Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
  Average
Price Paid
per Share
  Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans or Programs
  Approximate
Dollar Value of Shares
that May Yet Be
Purchased under the
Plans or Programs
 
 
  In thousands, except per share amounts
 

Month #1
(August 2012)

    1,176   $ 18.63     1,176   $ 9,278,462  

Month #2
(September 2012)

   
2,453
 
$

17.66
   
2,453
 
$

9,235,126
 

Month #3
(October 2012)

   
3,933
 
$

15.03
   
3,933
 
$

9,176,011
 
                       

Total

   
7,562
 
$

16.45
   
7,562
       
                       

        HP repurchased shares in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 under an ongoing program to return cash to stockholders when sufficient liquidity exists, the shares are trading at a discount relative to estimated intrinsic value, and there is no alternative investment opportunity expected to generate a higher risk-adjusted return on investment. This program, which does not have a specific expiration date, authorizes repurchases in the open market or in private transactions. All shares repurchased in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 were purchased in open market transactions. As of October 31, 2012, HP had remaining authorization of $9.2 billion for future share repurchases under the $10.0 billion repurchase authorization approved by HP's Board of Directors on July 21, 2011.

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Stock Performance Graph and Cumulative Total Return

        The graph below shows the cumulative total stockholder return assuming the investment of $100 on the date specified (and the reinvestment of dividends thereafter) in each of HP common stock, the S&P 500 Index, and the S&P Information Technology Index.(1) The comparisons in the graph below are based upon historical data and are not indicative of, or intended to forecast, future performance of our common stock.

GRAPHIC

 
  10/07   10/08   10/09   10/10   10/11   10/12  

Hewlett-Packard Company

    100.00     74.57     93.31     83.23     53.35     28.41  

S&P 500

    100.00     63.90     70.17     81.76     88.37     101.81  

S&P Information Technology

    100.00     58.79     77.31     91.41     99.43     110.08  

(1)
The stock performance graph does not include HP's peer group because peer group information is represented and included in the S&P Information Technology Index.

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ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data.

        The information set forth below is not necessarily indicative of results of future operations and should be read in conjunction with Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K, which are incorporated herein by reference, in order to understand further the factors that may affect the comparability of the financial data presented below.


HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Selected Financial Data

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010   2009   2008  
 
  In millions, except per share amounts
 

Net revenue

  $ 120,357   $ 127,245   $ 126,033   $ 114,552   $ 118,364  

(Loss) earnings from operations(1)

  $ (11,057 ) $ 9,677   $ 11,479   $ 10,136   $ 10,473  

Net (loss) earnings

  $ (12,650 ) $ 7,074   $ 8,761   $ 7,660   $ 8,329  

Net (loss) earnings per share

                               

Basic

  $ (6.41 ) $ 3.38   $ 3.78   $ 3.21   $ 3.35  

Diluted

  $ (6.41 ) $ 3.32   $ 3.69   $ 3.14   $ 3.25  

Cash dividends declared per share

  $ 0.50   $ 0.40   $ 0.32   $ 0.32   $ 0.32  

At year-end:

                               

Total assets

  $ 108,768   $ 129,517   $ 124,503   $ 114,799   $ 113,331  

Long-term debt

  $ 21,789   $ 22,551   $ 15,258   $ 13,980   $ 7,676  

(1)
(Loss) earnings from operations include the following items, which may materially affect the comparability of the earnings data presented:

   
  2012   2011   2010   2009   2008  
   
  In millions
 
 

Amortization of purchased intangible assets

  $ 1,784   $ 1,607   $ 1,484   $ 1,578   $ 1,012  
 

Impairment of goodwill and purchased intangible assets

    18,035     885              
 

Wind down of webOS device business

    (36 )   755              
 

Wind down of non-strategic businesses

    108                  
 

Restructuring charges

    2,266     645     1,144     640     270  
 

Acquisition-related charges

    45     182     293     242     41  
                         
 

Total charges before taxes

  $ 22,202   $ 4,074   $ 2,921   $ 2,460   $ 1,323  
                         
 

Total charges, net of taxes

  $ 20,685   $ 3,130   $ 2,105   $ 1,733   $ 973  
                         

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ITEM 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.


HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

        The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this document.

OVERVIEW

        We are a leading global provider of products, technologies, software, solutions and services to individual consumers, small- and medium-sized businesses, and large enterprises, including customers in the government, health and education sectors. Our offerings span:

        We have seven business segments for financial reporting purposes: Personal Systems (formerly known as the Personal Systems Group or "PSG"); Printing (formerly known as the Imaging and Printing Group or "IPG"); Services; Enterprise Servers, Storage and Networking ("ESSN"); Software; HP Financial Services ("HPFS"); and Corporate Investments.

        Our strategy and operations are currently focused on the following initiatives:

        The core of our business is our hardware and infrastructure products, which include our PC, server, storage, networking, and imaging and printing products. Our software business provides enterprise IT management software, information management solutions and security intelligence/risk management solutions delivered in the form of traditional software licenses or as software-as-a-service that allow us to differentiate our hardware products and deploy them in a manner that helps our customers solve problems and meets our customers' needs to manage their infrastructure, operations, application life cycles, application quality and security, business processes, and structured and unstructured data. Our Converged Infrastructure portfolio of servers, storage and networking combined with our Cloud Service Automation software suite enables enterprise and service provider clients to deliver infrastructure, platform and software-as-a-service in a private, public or hybrid cloud environment. Layered on top of our hardware and software businesses is our services business, which provides opportunities to drive usage of HP products and solutions, enables us to implement and manage all the technologies upon which our customers rely, and gives us a platform to be more solution-oriented, particularly in our focus areas of cloud, security and analytics, and to be a better strategic partner with our customers.

        We offer one of the IT industry's broadest portfolios of products and services, and we are leveraging that portfolio to our strategic advantage. For example, we are able to provide servers, storage and networking products packaged with services that can be delivered to customers in the

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

manner of their choosing, be it in-house, outsourced as a service via the Internet, or via a hybrid environment. Our portfolio of management software completes the package by allowing our customers to manage their IT operations in an efficient and cost-effective manner. In addition, we are working to optimize our supply chain by eliminating complexity, reducing fixed costs, and leveraging our scale to ensure the availability of components at favorable prices even during shortages. We are also expanding our use of industry standard components in our enterprise products to further leverage our scale.

        Our business has experienced a multi-quarter decline in revenue and operating margins. This decline in financial performance reflects a series of challenges facing our business. Many of those challenges relate to structural and execution issues, including the following: we need to align our costs with our revenue trajectory; we need to address our underinvestment in R&D and in our internal IT systems in recent years, which has made us less competitive, effective and efficient; we need to implement the data gathering and reporting tools and systems needed to track and report on all key business performance metrics so as to most effectively manage a company of our size, scale and diversity; and we need to rebuild our business relationships with our channel partners. We are also facing dynamic market trends, such as the growth of mobility, the increasing demand for hyperscale computing infrastructure, the shift to software-as-a-service and the transition towards cloud computing, and we need to develop products and services that position us to win in a very competitive marketplace. Furthermore, we face a series of significant macroeconomic challenges, including broad-based weakness in consumer spending, weak demand in the SMB and enterprise sectors in Europe, and declining growth in some emerging markets, particularly China.

        We are addressing these challenges through consistency of leadership, focus, execution and, most importantly, superior products, services and solutions. During fiscal 2012, we implemented some leadership and organizational changes, including consolidating our personal computer and printing businesses under the same senior executive leadership, merging our global accounts sales organization into ESSN, and centralizing all of our marketing and communications activities. We also began implementing cost-reduction initiatives, including a company-wide restructuring plan we expect to be implemented through the end of fiscal 2014. In addition, we began making significant changes to our sales force to improve our go-to-market selling activities and reduce cost, and we renewed our focus on developing new products, services and solutions. We also began working to optimize our supply chain, reduce the number of stock keeping units (SKUs) and platforms, refine our real estate strategy, improve our business processes and implement consistent pricing and promotions. During fiscal 2013, we will be focused on working through the anticipated disruptions expected to accompany the changes made in fiscal 2012 and continuing to implement our cost-reduction and operational initiatives.

        The cost-reduction and operational efficiency initiatives discussed above are also intended to facilitate increased investment in our business. These efforts will include optimizing our supply chain, reducing the number of stock keeping units (SKUs) and platforms, continuing to refine our real estate strategy, simplifying our go-to-market, improving business processes and implementing consistent pricing and promotions. We expect to invest savings from these efforts across our businesses, including investing to respond to market trends and customer expectations, strengthen our position in our core markets, accelerate growth in adjacent markets, and drive leadership in the three strategic areas of cloud computing, security and information management. Over time, we expect these investments to allow us to expand in higher margin and higher growth industry segments and further strengthen our

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HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

portfolio of hardware, software and services to solve customer problems. However, the rate at which we are able to invest in our business and the returns that we are able to achieve from these investments will be affected by many factors, including the efforts to address the execution, industry and macroeconomic challenges facing our business as discussed above. As a result, we may experience delays in the anticipated timing of activities related to these efforts, and the anticipated benefits of these efforts may not materialize.

        The following provides an overview of our key fiscal 2012 financial metrics:

 
  HP(1)
Consolidated
  Personal
Systems
  Printing   Services   ESSN   Software   HPFS  
 
  In millions, except per share amounts
 

Net revenue

  $ 120,357   $ 35,650   $ 24,487   $ 34,922   $ 20,491   $ 4,060   $ 3,819  

Year-over-year net revenue % (decrease) increase

    (5.4 )%   (9.9 )%   (6.5 )%   (2.2 )%   (7.1 )%   20.6 %   6.2 %

(Loss) earnings from operations

  $ (11,057 ) $ 1,706   $ 3,585   $ 4,095   $ 2,132   $ 827   $ 388  

(Loss) earnings from operations as a % of net revenue

    (9.2 )%   4.8 %   14.6 %   11.7 %   10.4 %   20.4 %   10.2 %

Net loss

  $ (12,650 )                                    

Net loss per share

                                           

Basic

  $ (6.41 )                                    

Diluted

  $ (6.41 )                                    

(1)
HP consolidated net revenue includes a reduction of approximately $3.2 billion primarily related to the elimination of intersegment net revenue and revenue from our Corporate Investments segment. HP consolidated (loss) earnings from operations includes amounts related to the impairment of goodwill and purchased intangible assets, restructuring charges, amortization of purchased intangible assets, corporate and unallocated costs and eliminations, unallocated costs related to certain stock-based compensation expenses, acquisition-related charges, and a loss from the Corporate Investments segment.

        Cash and cash equivalents at October 31, 2012 totaled $11.3 billion, an increase of $3.3 billion from the October 31, 2011 balance of $8.0 billion. The increase for fiscal 2012 was due primarily to $10.6 billion of cash provided from operations, the effect of which was partially offset by $3.1 billion net investment in property, plant and equipment, $2.6 billion of cash used to repurchase common stock and pay dividends and $2.0 billion from the net repayment of debt.

        We intend the discussion of our financial condition and results of operations that follows to provide information that will assist in understanding our Consolidated Financial Statements, the changes in certain key items in those financial statements from year to year, and the primary factors that accounted for those changes, as well as how certain accounting principles, policies and estimates affect our Consolidated Financial Statements.

        The discussion of results of operations at the consolidated level is followed by a more detailed discussion of results of operations by segment.

        For a further discussion of trends, uncertainties and other factors that could impact our operating results, see the section entitled "Risk Factors" in Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

General

        The Consolidated Financial Statements of HP are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), which require management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, net revenue and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Senior management has discussed the development, selection and disclosure of these estimates with the Audit Committee of HP's Board of Directors. Management believes that the accounting estimates employed and the resulting balances are reasonable; however, actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

        The summary of significant accounting policies is included in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference. An accounting policy is deemed to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, if different estimates reasonably could have been used, or if changes in the estimate that are reasonably possible could materially impact the financial statements. Management believes the following critical accounting policies reflect the significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Revenue Recognition

        We enter into contracts to sell our products and services, and, while the majority of our sales agreements contain standard terms and conditions, there are agreements that contain multiple elements or non-standard terms and conditions. As a result, significant contract interpretation is sometimes required to determine the appropriate accounting, including whether the deliverables specified in a multiple element arrangement should be treated as separate units of accounting for revenue recognition purposes, and, if so, how the price should be allocated among the elements and when to recognize revenue for each element. We recognize revenue for delivered elements as separate units of accounting only when the delivered elements have standalone value, uncertainties regarding customer acceptance are resolved and there are no customer-negotiated refund or return rights for the delivered elements. For elements with no standalone value, we recognize revenue consistent with the pattern of the associated deliverables. If the arrangement includes a customer-negotiated refund or return right relative to the delivered item and the delivery and performance of the undelivered item is considered probable and substantially in our control, the delivered element constitutes a separate unit of accounting. Changes in the allocation of the sales price between elements may impact the timing of revenue recognition but will not change the total revenue recognized on the contract.

        We recognize revenue as work progresses on certain fixed-price contracts, such as consulting arrangements. Using a proportional performance method, we estimate the total expected labor costs in order to determine the amount of revenue earned to date. We follow this basis because reasonably dependable estimates of the labor costs applicable to various stages of a contract can be made. Total contract profit is subject to revisions throughout the life of the contract. We record changes in revenue to income, as a result of revisions to cost estimates, and overall contract losses where applicable, in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        We recognize revenue on certain design and build (design, development and/or constructions of software and/or systems) projects using the percentage-of-completion method. We use the cost-to-cost method of measurement towards completion as determined by the percentage of cost incurred to date to the total estimated costs of the project. In circumstances when reasonable and reliable cost estimates for a project cannot be made, we recognize revenue using the completed contract method.

        We record estimated reductions to revenue for customer and distributor programs and incentive offerings, including price protection, promotions, other volume-based incentives and expected returns. Future market conditions and product transitions may require us to take actions to increase customer incentive offerings, possibly resulting in an incremental reduction of revenue at the time the incentive is offered. Additionally, certain incentive programs require us to estimate, based on historical experience and the specific terms and conditions of the incentive, the number of customers who will actually redeem the incentive.

        Under our revenue recognition policies, we establish the selling prices used for each deliverable based on the vendor-specific objective evidence ("VSOE"), if available, third-party evidence, if VSOE is not available, or estimated selling price if neither VSOE nor third-party evidence is available. We establish VSOE of selling price using the price charged for a deliverable when sold separately and, in rare instances, using the price established by management having the relevant authority. Third-party evidence of selling price is established by evaluating largely similar and interchangeable competitor products or services in standalone sales to similarly situated customers. The best estimate of selling price ("ESP") is established considering internal factors such as margin objectives, pricing practices and controls, customer segment pricing strategies and the product life cycle. Consideration is also given to market conditions such as competitor pricing strategies and industry technology life cycles. When determining ESP, we apply management judgment to establish margin objectives and pricing strategies and to evaluate market conditions and product life cycles. We may modify or develop new go-to-market practices in the future. As these go-to-market strategies evolve, we may modify our pricing practices in the future, which may result in changes in selling prices, impacting both VSOE and ESP. The aforementioned factors may result in a different allocation of revenue to the deliverables in multiple element arrangements from the current fiscal year, which may change the pattern and timing of revenue recognition for these elements but will not change the total revenue recognized for the arrangement.

Warranty Provision

        We provide for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time we recognize revenue. We evaluate our warranty obligations on a product group basis. Our standard product warranty terms generally include post-sales support and repairs or replacement of a product at no additional charge for a specified period of time. While we engage in extensive product quality programs and processes, including actively monitoring and evaluating the quality of our component suppliers, we base our estimated warranty obligation upon warranty terms, ongoing product failure rates, repair costs, product call rates, average cost per call, and current period product shipments. If actual product failure rates, repair rates or any other post sales support costs were to differ from our estimates, we would be required to make revisions to the estimated warranty liability. Warranty terms generally range from 90 days to three years for parts and labor, depending upon the product. Over the last three fiscal years, the annual warranty provision and actual warranty costs have averaged approximately 3.1% of annual net product revenue.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Business Combinations

        We allocate the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed and intangible assets acquired, including in-process research and development ("IPR&D"), based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets.

        Critical estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include but are not limited to future expected cash flows from customer contracts, customer lists, distribution agreements, and acquired developed technologies and patents; expected costs to develop IPR&D into commercially viable products and estimating cash flows from projects when completed; brand awareness and market position, as well as assumptions about the period of time the brand will continue to be used in our product portfolio; and discount rates. Management's estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates.

        Other estimates associated with the accounting for acquisitions may change as additional information becomes available regarding the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as more fully discussed in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Valuation of Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets

        We review goodwill and purchased intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment annually and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. The provisions of the accounting standard for goodwill and other intangibles allows us to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. For our annual goodwill impairment test in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, we performed a quantitative test for all of our reporting units. Due to the recent trading values of our stock price, we believed it was appropriate to have recent fair values for each of our reporting units in order to assess the reasonableness of the sum of these fair values as compared to our market capitalization. In the first step, we compare the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. We determine the fair value of our reporting units using a weighting of fair values derived most significantly from the income approach and to a lesser extent the market approach. Under the income approach, we calculate the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on management's estimates of revenue growth rates and operating margins, taking into consideration industry and market conditions. The discount rate used is based on the weighted-average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with business-specific characteristics and the uncertainty related to the business's ability to execute on the projected cash flows. Under the market approach, we estimate the fair value based on market multiples of revenue and earnings derived from comparable publicly-traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit. The weighting of the fair value derived from the market approach ranges from 0% to 50% depending on the level of comparability of these publicly-traded companies to the reporting unit. When market comparables are not meaningful or not available, we may estimate the fair value of a reporting unit using only the income approach. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of the net assets assigned to that unit, goodwill is not impaired and no further testing is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

carrying value, then we must perform the second step of the impairment test to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. In the second step, the reporting unit's fair value is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit, including any unrecognized intangible assets, in a hypothetical analysis that calculates the implied fair value of goodwill in the same manner as if the reporting unit was being acquired in a business combination. If the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill is less than the carrying value, the difference is recorded as an impairment loss. We also compare the fair value of purchased intangible assets with indefinite lives to their carrying value. We estimate the fair value of these intangible assets using an income approach. We recognize an impairment loss when the estimated fair value of intangible assets with indefinite lives is less than the carrying value.

        We review purchased intangible assets with finite lives for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these intangible assets is assessed based on the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount, the purchased intangible assets with finite lives are considered to be impaired. The amount of the impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying amount of these assets and the fair value.

        In order to assess the reasonableness of the calculated fair values of our reporting units, we also compare the sum of the reporting units' fair values to our market capitalization and calculate an implied control premium (the excess of the sum of the reporting units' fair values over the market capitalization). We evaluate the control premium by comparing it to control premiums of recent comparable transactions. If the implied control premium is not reasonable in light of these recent transactions, we will reevaluate our fair value estimates of the reporting units by adjusting the discount rates and/or other assumptions. As a result, when there is a significant decline in our stock price, as occurred during fiscal 2012, this reevaluation could correlate to lower estimated fair values for certain or all of our reporting units.

        Except for Services, Software and Corporate Investments, our reporting units are consistent with the reportable segments identified in Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference. The enterprise services ("ES") and technology services ("TS") businesses are the reporting units within the Services segment. ES includes the Infrastructure Technology Outsourcing ("ITO") and Application and Business Services ("ABS") business units. The Software segment includes two reporting units, which are Autonomy Corporation plc ("Autonomy") and the legacy HP software business. The webOS business is also a separate reporting unit within the Corporate Investments segment.

        Determining the fair value of a reporting unit or an indefinite-lived purchased intangible asset is judgmental in nature and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include revenue growth rates and operating margins used to calculate projected future cash flows, risk-adjusted discount rates, assumed royalty rates, future economic and market conditions and determination of appropriate market comparables. We base our fair value estimates on assumptions we believe to be reasonable but they are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Actual future results may differ from those estimates. In addition, we make certain judgments and assumptions in allocating shared assets and liabilities to determine the carrying values for each of our reporting units.

        During fiscal 2012, we determined that sufficient indicators of potential impairment existed to require an interim goodwill impairment analysis for the ES reporting unit. As a result, we recorded an

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

impairment charge within the Services segment as discussed in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference.

        Our annual goodwill impairment analysis, which we performed during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, resulted in an impairment charge for goodwill and intangible assets related to the Autonomy reporting unit within the Software segment as discussed in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference. Other than the impairment charges discussed for the ES and Autonomy reporting units during fiscal 2012, there was no impairment for HP's remaining reporting units. The excess of fair value over carrying value for each of our reporting units as of August 1, 2012, the annual testing date, ranged from approximately 9% to approximately 330% of carrying value. The Autonomy and the legacy HP software reporting units have the lowest excess of fair value over carrying value at 10% and 9%, respectively.

        In order to evaluate the sensitivity of the fair value calculations on the goodwill impairment test, we applied a hypothetical 10% decrease to the fair values of each reporting unit. This hypothetical 10% decrease resulted in the Autonomy and the legacy HP software reporting units having fair values below their carrying values of 1% and 2%, respectively. For the remaining reporting units, excess fair values over carrying values range from approximately 25% to approximately 290% of the carrying values.

        We will continue to evaluate goodwill on an annual basis as of the beginning of our fourth fiscal quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances, such as significant adverse changes in business climate or operating results, changes in management's business strategy or further significant declines in our stock price, indicate that there may be a potential indicator of impairment.

        During the third quarter of fiscal 2012, we approved a change to our branding strategy for personal computers which triggered an interim impairment review of the "Compaq" trade name indefinite-lived intangible asset. As a result, we recorded an impairment charge within the Personal Systems Group as discussed in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference. In conjunction with the change in branding strategy, we also revised our assumption as to the useful life of the "Compaq" trade name, which resulted in a reclassification of the asset from an indefinite-lived intangible to a finite-lived intangible with a remaining useful life of approximately five years.

Restructuring

        We have engaged, and may continue to engage, in restructuring actions, which require management to utilize significant estimates related to the timing and the expenses for severance and other employee separation costs, including enhanced early retirement programs, realizable values of assets made redundant or obsolete, lease cancellation and other exit costs. We accrue for severance and other employee separation costs under these actions when it is probable that benefits will be paid and the amount is reasonably estimable. The rates used in determining severance accruals are based upon existing plans, historical experiences, and negotiated settlements. If the actual amounts differ from our estimates, the amount of the restructuring charges could be materially impacted. For a full description of our restructuring actions, refer to our discussions of restructuring in the Results of Operations section and Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which are incorporated herein by reference.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

        We recognize stock-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards, net of an estimated forfeiture rate. We recognize compensation cost for only those shares expected to meet the

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

service and performance vesting conditions on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. These compensation costs are determined at the aggregate grant level for service-based awards and at the individual vesting tranche level for awards with performance and/or market conditions.

        Determining the appropriate fair value model and calculating the fair value of share-based payment awards requires subjective assumptions, including the expected life of the share-based payment awards and stock price volatility. We utilize the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value the service-based stock options granted under our principal option plans. To implement this model, we examined our historical pattern of option exercises to determine if there were any discernable activity patterns based on certain employee populations. From this analysis, we identified three employee populations to which to apply the Black-Scholes model. We determined that implied volatility calculated based on actively traded options on HP common stock is a better indicator of expected volatility and future stock price trends than historical volatility.

        We issued performance-based restricted units ("PRUs") representing hypothetical shares of HP common stock. Each PRU award reflected a target number of shares that may be issued to the award recipient. We determine the actual number of shares the recipient receives at the end of a three-year performance period based on results achieved versus goals. The performance goals for PRUs granted in fiscal year 2012 are based on our annual cash flow from operations as a percentage of revenue and on our annual revenue growth. The performance goals for PRUs granted prior to fiscal year 2012 are based on our annual cash flow from operations as a percentage of revenue and on a market condition based on total shareholder return ("TSR") relative to the S&P 500 over the performance period. We use our closing stock price on the measurement date to estimate the fair value of the PRU awards granted in fiscal year 2012. We use historic volatility for PRU awards granted prior to fiscal year 2012, as implied volatility cannot be used when simulating multivariate prices for companies in the S&P 500. We estimate the fair value of PRUs granted prior to fiscal year 2012 using the Monte Carlo simulation model, as the TSR modifier contains a market condition. We update the estimated expense, net of forfeitures, for the cash flow and revenue growth performance against the goal for that year at the end of each reporting period.

        The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of share-based payment awards represent management's best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, if factors change and we use different assumptions, our stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future. In addition, we are required to estimate the expected forfeiture rate and recognize expense only for those shares expected to meet the service and performance vesting conditions. If our actual forfeiture rate is materially different from our estimate, the stock-based compensation expense could be significantly different from what we have recorded in the current period. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 for a further discussion on stock-based compensation.

Taxes on Earnings

        We calculate our current and deferred tax provisions based on estimates and assumptions that could differ from the final positions reflected in our income tax returns filed during the subsequent year. We record adjustments based on filed returns when we have identified and finalized them, which is generally in the third and fourth quarters of the subsequent year for U.S. federal and state provisions, respectively.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which we expect the differences to reverse. We record a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that we are more likely than not to realize.

        We have considered future market growth, forecasted earnings, future taxable income, the mix of earnings in the jurisdictions in which we operate and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in determining the need for a valuation allowance. In the event we were to determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets in the future, we would increase the valuation allowance and make a corresponding charge to earnings in the period in which we make such determination. Likewise, if we later determine that we are more likely than not to realize the net deferred tax assets, we would reverse the applicable portion of the previously provided valuation allowance. In order for us to realize our deferred tax assets, we must be able to generate sufficient taxable income in the tax jurisdictions in which the deferred tax assets are located.

        Our effective tax rate includes the impact of certain undistributed foreign earnings for which we have not provided U.S. taxes because we plan to reinvest such earnings indefinitely outside the United States. We plan foreign earnings remittance amounts based on projected cash flow needs as well as the working capital and long-term investment requirements of our foreign subsidiaries and our domestic operations. Based on these assumptions, we estimate the amount we will distribute to the United States and provide the U.S. federal taxes due on these amounts. Further, as a result of certain employment actions and capital investments we have undertaken, income from manufacturing activities in certain countries is subject to reduced tax rates, and in some cases is wholly exempt from taxes, for fiscal years through 2024. Material changes in our estimates of cash, working capital and long-term investment requirements in the various jurisdictions in which we do business could impact our effective tax rate.

        We are subject to income taxes in the United States and approximately 80 foreign countries, and we are subject to routine corporate income tax audits in many of these jurisdictions. We believe that our tax return positions are fully supported, but tax authorities are likely to challenge certain positions, which may not be fully sustained. However, our income tax expense includes amounts intended to satisfy income tax assessments that result from these challenges. Determining the income tax expense for these potential assessments and recording the related assets and liabilities requires management judgments and estimates. We evaluate our uncertain tax positions in accordance with the guidance for accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. We believe that our reserve for uncertain tax positions, including related interest, is adequate. The amounts ultimately paid upon resolution of audits could be materially different from the amounts previously included in our income tax expense and therefore could have a material impact on our tax provision, net income and cash flows. Our reserve for uncertain tax positions is attributable primarily to uncertainties concerning the tax treatment of our international operations, including the allocation of income among different jurisdictions, and related interest. We review our reserves quarterly, and we may adjust such reserves because of proposed assessments by tax authorities, changes in facts and circumstances, issuance of new regulations or new case law, previously unavailable information obtained during the course of an examination, negotiations between tax authorities of different countries concerning our transfer prices, execution of Advanced Pricing Agreements, resolution with respect to individual audit issues, the resolution of entire audits, or the expiration of statutes of limitations.

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Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 for a further discussion on taxes on earnings.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

        We determine our allowance for doubtful accounts using a combination of factors to ensure that we have not overstated our trade and financing receivables balances due to uncollectibility. We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for all customers based on a variety of factors, including the use of third-party credit risk models that generate quantitative measures of default probabilities based on market factors, the financial condition of customers, the length of time receivables are past due, trends in overall weighted-average risk rating of the total portfolio, macroeconomic conditions, significant one-time events and historical experience. Also, we record specific provisions for individual accounts when we become aware of specific customer circumstances, such as in the case of bankruptcy filings or deterioration in the customer's operating results or financial position. If the circumstances related to the customer change, we would further adjust our estimates of the recoverability of receivables either upward or downward. The annual provision for doubtful accounts has averaged approximately 0.10% of net revenue over the last three fiscal years. Using our third-party credit risk model at October 31, 2012, a 50-basis-point deterioration in the weighted-average default probabilities of our significant customers would have resulted in an approximately $23 million increase to our trade allowance at the end of fiscal year 2012.

Inventory

        We state our inventory at the lower of cost or market. We make adjustments to reduce the cost of inventory to its net realizable value, if required, at the product group level for estimated excess, obsolescence or impaired balances. Factors influencing these adjustments include changes in demand, rapid technological changes, product life cycle and development plans, component cost trends, product pricing, physical deterioration and quality issues. Revisions to these adjustments would be required if these factors differ from our estimates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

        We measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value based on valuation techniques using the best information available, which may include quoted market prices, market comparables and discounted cash flow projections. Financial instruments are primarily comprised of time deposits, money market funds, corporate and other debt securities, equity securities and other investments in common stock and common stock equivalents and derivative instruments.

        Cash Equivalents and Investments: We hold time deposits, money market funds, mutual funds, other debt securities primarily consisting of corporate and foreign government notes and bonds, and common stock and equivalents. In general, and where applicable, we use quoted prices in active markets for identical assets to determine fair value. If quoted prices in active markets for identical assets are not available to determine fair value, then we use quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly. If quoted prices for identical or similar assets are not available, we use internally developed valuation models, whose inputs include bid prices, and third party valuations utilizing underlying asset assumptions.

        Derivative Instruments: As discussed in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, we mainly hold non-speculative forwards, swaps and options to hedge certain foreign currency

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Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

and interest rate exposures. When active market quotes are not available, we use industry standard valuation models. Where applicable, these models project future cash flows and discount the future amounts to a present value using market-based observable inputs including interest rate curves, credit risk, foreign exchange rates, and forward and spot prices for currencies. In certain cases, market-based observable inputs are not available and, in those cases, we use management judgment to develop assumptions which are used to determine fair value.

Retirement Benefits

        Our pension and other post-retirement benefit costs and obligations are dependent on various assumptions. Our major assumptions relate primarily to discount rates, salary growth and long-term return on plan assets. We base the discount rate assumption on current investment yields of high-quality fixed-income investments during the retirement benefits maturity period. The salary growth assumptions reflect our long-term actual experience and future and near-term outlook. Long-term return on plan assets is determined based on historical portfolio results and management's expectations related to the future economic environment, as well as target asset allocations. Actual results in any given year will often differ from actuarial assumptions because of economic and other factors.

        Our major assumptions vary by plan and the weighted-average rates used are set forth in Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference. Each assumption has different sensitivity characteristics, and, in general, changes, if any, have moved in the same direction over the last several years. For fiscal 2012, changes in the weighted-average rates for the HP benefit plans would have had the following impact on our net periodic benefit cost:

Loss Contingencies

        We are involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations and proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. We record a provision for a liability when we believe that it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment is required to determine both probability and the estimated amount. We review these provisions at least quarterly and adjust these provisions to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel and updated information. Litigation is inherently unpredictable and is subject to significant uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. Should any of these estimates and assumptions change or prove to have been incorrect, it could have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows. See Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 for a further discussion of litigation and contingencies.

CONSTANT CURRENCY PRESENTATION

        Revenue from our international operations has historically represented, and we expect will continue to represent, a majority of our overall net revenue. As a result, our revenue growth has been

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

impacted, and we expect will continue to be impacted, by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. In order to provide a framework for assessing how each of our business segments performed excluding the impact of foreign currency fluctuations, we present the year-over-year percentage change in revenue performance on a constant currency basis, which assumes no change in the exchange rate from the prior-year period. This constant currency disclosure is provided in addition to, and not as a substitute for, the year-over-year percentage change in revenue on an as-reported basis.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

        The following discussion compares the historical results of operations for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010. Unless otherwise noted, all comparative performance data included below reflect year-over-year comparisons.

        Results of operations in dollars and as a percentage of net revenue were as follows for the following fiscal years ended October 31:

 
  2012   2011(1)   2010(1)  
 
  In millions
 

Net revenue

  $ 120,357     100.0 % $ 127,245     100.0 % $ 126,033     100.0 %

Cost of sales(2)

    92,385     76.8 %   97,418     76.6 %   95,852     76.1 %
                           

Gross profit

    27,972     23.2 %   29,827     23.4 %   30,181     23.9 %

Research and development

    3,399     2.8 %   3,254     2.6 %   2,959     2.3 %

Selling, general and administrative

    13,500     11.2 %   13,577     10.6 %   12,822     10.2 %

Amortization of purchased intangible assets

    1,784     1.5 %   1,607     1.3 %   1,484     1.2 %

Impairment of goodwill and purchased intangibles assets(3)

    18,035     15.0 %   885     0.7 %        

Restructuring charges

    2,266     1.9 %   645     0.5 %   1,144     0.9 %

Acquisition-related charges

    45         182     0.1 %   293     0.2 %
                           

(Loss) earnings from operations

    (11,057 )   (9.2 )%   9,677     7.6 %   11,479     9.1 %

Interest and other, net(4)

    (876 )   (0.8 )%   (695 )   (0.5 )%   (505 )   (0.4 )%
                           

(Loss) earnings before taxes

    (11,933 )   (10.0 )%   8,982     7.1 %   10,974     8.7 %

Provision for taxes

    (717 )   (0.5 )%   (1,908 )   (1.5 )%   (2,213 )   (1.7 )%
                           

Net (loss) earnings

  $ (12,650 )   (10.5 )% $ 7,074     5.6 % $ 8,761     7.0 %
                           

(1)
In connection with organizational realignments implemented in the first quarter of fiscal 2012, certain costs previously reported as Cost of sales have been reclassified as Selling, general and administrative expenses to better align those costs with the functional areas that benefit from those expenditures.

(2)
Cost of products, cost of services and financing interest.

(3)
For the period ended October 31, 2012, represents a goodwill and intangible asset impairment charge of $8.8 billion associated with the Autonomy reporting unit within the Software segment, a goodwill impairment charge of $8.0 billion associated with the ES reporting unit within the Services segment and an intangible asset impairment charge of $1.2 billion associated with the "Compaq" trade name within the Personal Systems segment. For the period ended October 31, 2011, includes impairment charges to goodwill and purchased intangible assets associated with the

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Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

(4)
For fiscal 2011, includes $276 million of charges in connection with the acquisition of Autonomy, which is primarily comprised of the $265 million net cost of British pound options bought to limit foreign exchange rate risk.

Net Revenue

        The components of the weighted net revenue change were as follows for the following fiscal years ended October 31:

 
  2012   2011(1)  
 
  Percentage Points
 

Personal Systems

    (3.1 )   (0.9 )

Printing

    (1.3 )    

Enterprise Servers, Storage and Networking

    (1.2 )   1.5  

Services

    (0.6 )   0.3  

Corporate Investments/Other

    0.1     (0.7 )

HP Financial Services

    0.2     0.4  

Software

    0.5     0.4  
           

Total HP

    (5.4 )   1.0  
           

(1)
Reflects certain reclassifications made to historical results to conform to the current year presentation as noted in Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8.

        In fiscal 2012, total HP net revenue decreased 5.4% (decreased 4.4% on a constant currency basis). U.S. net revenue decreased 4.5% to $42.1 billion, while net revenue from outside of the United States decreased 5.9% to $78.2 billion. HP's revenue decreased due primarily to a weak customer demand environment resulting in volume declines in our hardware businesses and printing supplies coupled with contractual rate declines on ongoing contracts in Services. The Software segment contributed favorably to the total HP net revenue change as a result of the acquisition of Autonomy in October 2011. An analysis of the change in net revenue for each business segment is included under "Segment Information" below.

        In fiscal 2011, total HP net revenue increased 1.0% (decreased 0.9% on a constant currency basis). U.S. net revenue decreased 1.0% to $44.1 billion, while net revenue from outside of the United States increased 2.0% to $83.1 billion. As reflected in the table above, the ESSN segment was the largest contributor to HP net revenue growth as a result of balanced growth across all regions. ESSN segment net revenue growth was helped by the strong performance in products related to our 3PAR Inc. ("3PAR") and 3Com Corporation ("3Com") acquisitions. An analysis of the change in net revenue for each business segment is included under "Segment Information" below.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Gross Margin

        In fiscal 2012, total HP gross margin decreased by 0.2 percentage points. Gross margins were impacted by continued margin pressure in Services and competitive pricing in our hardware businesses, along with an unfavorable mix of lower-margin revenue in ESSN and unfavorable currency impacts.

        Personal Systems gross margin decreased in fiscal 2012. The decrease was driven by higher component costs combined with an unfavorable currency impact. These negative impacts to gross margin were partially offset by lower warranty and logistics costs, benefits from insurance proceeds related to flooding in Thailand in July 2011 and an increased level of component vendor rebates.

        Printing gross margin declined in fiscal 2012 due to an unfavorable currency impact driven by the strength of the Japanese yen and from lower ink supplies volumes as a result of demand declines in all regions. These effects were partially offset by our focus on higher-end inkjet printers combined with a higher mix of supplies.

        Services gross margin decreased in fiscal 2012 due primarily to lower than expected revenue, contractual rate declines on ongoing contracts, a lower than expected resource utilization rate and additional costs associated with certain contract deliverable delays. These effects were partially offset by a continued focus on operating improvements and cost initiatives that favorably impacted the cost structure of all business units.

        ESSN gross margin decreased in fiscal 2012 due primarily to competitive pricing pressures, particularly in Industry Standard Servers ("ISS") and, to a lesser extent, in Networking.

        Software gross margin decreased in fiscal 2012 due primarily to a lower mix of license revenue, the effect of which was partially offset by a highly profitable software deal entered into in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012.

        HPFS gross margin increased in fiscal 2012 due primarily to lower bad debt expense, the effect of which was partially offset by lower margins on end-of-term activities, including buyouts and lease extensions.

        In fiscal 2011, total HP gross margin decreased by 0.5 percentage points. The decline was driven by a lower gross margin in the Services, Printing and Corporate Investments segments, the effect of which was partially offset by a favorable commodity pricing environment in the Personal Systems and ESSN segments, and a favorable mix from higher Software and Networking revenue.

        Personal Systems gross margin increased in fiscal 2011 primarily as a result of a favorable commodity pricing environment, combined with lower warranty costs.

        Printing gross margin declined in fiscal 2011 due primarily to increased logistics costs and supply chain constraints in LaserJet printer engines and toner as a result of the earthquake and tsunami in Japan, and an unfavorable currency impact driven primarily by the strength of the yen. In addition, Printing gross margin declined due to a continuing mix shift in Consumer Hardware and Commercial Hardware toward lower price point products, coupled with a lower mix of supplies revenue. These effects were partially offset by reductions in Printing's cost structure as a result of continued efforts to optimize our supply chain.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        Services gross margin decreased in fiscal 2011 due primarily to lower than expected revenue, rate concessions arising from recent contract renewals, a lower than expected resource utilization rate and a higher mix of lower-margin Infrastructure Technology Outsourcing revenue. These effects were partially offset by a continued focus on operating improvements and cost initiatives that favorably impacted the cost structure of both our enterprise services and technology services businesses.

        ESSN gross margin increased in fiscal 2011 primarily as a result of lower product costs and a higher mix of networking products, the effect of which was partially offset by price declines as a result of competitive pressure.

        Software gross margin decreased in fiscal 2011 due primarily to rate declines in licenses and services.

        HPFS gross margin decreased in fiscal 2011 due primarily to lower portfolio margins from a higher mix of operating leases, the effect of which was partially offset by lower bad debt expense as a percentage of revenue and higher margins on lease extensions and buyouts.

        Corporate Investments gross margin decreased in fiscal 2011 primarily as a result of the impact of the wind down of the webOS device business, which resulted in expenses for supplier-related obligations, sales incentive programs and inventory write downs.

Operating Expenses

        Total research and development ("R&D") expense increased in fiscal 2012 due primarily to additional expense from the acquisition of Autonomy and innovation-focused spending for storage, networking and HP converged cloud. These effects were partially offset by the elimination of R&D expense associated with the former webOS device business. In fiscal 2012, R&D expense increased for ESSN, Software, Personal Systems, Printing and Services and decreased for Corporate Investments.

        Total R&D expense increased in fiscal 2011 due primarily to additional expenses from acquired companies. In fiscal 2011, R&D expense increased for ESSN, Corporate Investments and Software and decreased for Services and Personal Systems. The increase for ESSN was driven by acquisition investments and innovation-focused spend in networking and storage products. The increase for Corporate Investments was due to investments in the development of webOS and webOS devices during the first three quarters of fiscal 2011.

        Total selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expense decreased in fiscal 2012 due primarily to lower marketing costs. Included in SG&A was $103 million in net gains from the sale of real estate. In fiscal 2012, SG&A expense as a percentage of net revenue was mostly flat for each of our segments except for Corporate Investments, which experienced a decrease.

        Total SG&A expense increased in fiscal 2011 due primarily to higher field selling costs as a result of our investments in sales resources to grow revenue. The increase in fiscal 2011 was partially offset by $334 million in net gains on the sale of real estate and a $77 million net gain on the divestiture of our Halo video collaboration products business. In fiscal 2011, SG&A expense as a percentage of net revenue increased for each of our segments except for HPFS, Services and Printing, each of which experienced a decrease.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        In fiscal 2012, we recorded goodwill impairment charges of $8.0 billion and $5.7 billion associated with the Services segment and the acquisition of Autonomy, respectively. In addition, we recorded intangible asset impairment charges of $3.1 billion and $1.2 billion associated with the acquisition of Autonomy and the "Compaq" trade name, respectively.

        In fiscal 2011, we recorded $885 million impairment charges to goodwill and purchased intangible assets associated with the acquisition of Palm, Inc. on July 1, 2010 as a result of the decision announced on August 18, 2011 to wind down the webOS device business.

        For more information on our impairment charges, see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference.

        The increase in restructuring costs for fiscal 2012 was due primarily to charges of $2.1 billion for the restructuring plan announced in May 2012 (the "2012 Plan"), the effect of which was partially offset by lower charges in the fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2010 ES restructuring plans. Restructuring charges for fiscal 2012 were $2.3 billion. These charges included $2.1 billion costs related to the 2012 Plan, $106 million costs related to our fiscal 2008 restructuring plan and $75 million costs related to our fiscal 2010 ES restructuring plan.

        The decrease in restructuring costs for fiscal 2011 was due primarily to lower charges in the fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2010 ES restructuring plans. Restructuring charges for fiscal 2011 were $645 million. These charges included $326 million of severance and facility costs related to our fiscal 2008 restructuring plan, $266 million of severance and facility costs related to our fiscal 2010 ES restructuring plan and $33 million related to the decision to wind down the webOS device business.

        Restructuring charges for fiscal 2010 were $1.1 billion. These charges included $650 million of severance and facility costs related to our fiscal 2010 ES restructuring plan, $429 million of severance and facility costs related to our fiscal 2008 restructuring plan, $46 million and $18 million associated with the Palm and 3Com restructuring plans, respectively, and an increase of $1 million related to adjustments to other restructuring plans.

        For more information on our restructuring charges, see Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference.

        As part of our ongoing business operations, we incurred workforce rebalancing charges for severance and related costs within certain business segments. Workforce rebalancing activities are considered part of normal operations as we continue to optimize our cost structure. Workforce rebalancing costs are included in our business segment results, and we expect to incur additional workforce rebalancing costs in the future.

        The increase in amortization expense in fiscal 2012 was due primarily to amortization expenses related to the intangible assets purchased as part of the Autonomy acquisition. This increase was partially offset by decreased amortization expenses related to certain intangible assets associated with prior acquisitions reaching the end of their amortization periods.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        The increase in amortization expense in fiscal 2011 was due primarily to increased amortization of purchased intangible assets from acquisitions completed during fiscal 2010. This increase was partially offset by decreased amortization expenses related to certain intangible assets associated with prior acquisitions reaching the end of their amortization periods.

        For more information on our amortization of purchased intangibles assets, see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference.

        In fiscal 2012, we recorded acquisition-related charges of $45 million. The decrease in acquisition-related charges was due primarily to lower consulting and integration costs associated with the Autonomy acquisition, fewer acquisitions, and lower retention bonuses associated with acquisitions completed in fiscal 2011 and 2010.

        In fiscal 2011, we recorded acquisition-related charges of $182 million. The decrease in acquisition-related charges was due primarily to lower consulting, integration and acquisition costs associated with the Electronic Data Systems Corporation and 3Com acquisitions, the effect of which was partially offset by consulting and integration costs associated with the Autonomy acquisition.

Interest and Other, Net

        Interest and other, net expense increased by $181 million in fiscal 2012. The increase was driven primarily by higher interest expense due to higher average debt balances and higher currency transaction losses.

        Interest and other, net expense increased by $190 million in fiscal 2011. The increase was driven by $276 million of charges incurred in connection with the acquisition of Autonomy, which is primarily comprised of the $265 million net cost of British pound options bought to limit foreign exchange rate risk. The increase was also as a result of higher interest expenses due to higher average debt balances, the effect of which was partially offset by lower litigation costs and lower currency transaction losses.

Provision for Taxes

        Our effective tax rates were (6.0)%, 21.2% and 20.2% in fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Our effective tax rate generally differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% due to favorable tax rates associated with certain earnings from our operations in lower-tax jurisdictions throughout the world. The jurisdictions with favorable tax rates that have the most significant effective tax rate impact in the periods presented include Singapore, the Netherlands, China, Ireland and Puerto Rico. We plan to reinvest some of the earnings of these jurisdictions indefinitely outside the United States and therefore have not provided U.S. taxes on those indefinitely reinvested earnings.

        In addition to the above factors, the overall tax rates in fiscal 2012 and 2011 were impacted by nondeductible goodwill impairments and increases in valuation allowances against certain deferred tax assets.

        For a full reconciliation of our effective tax rate to the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% and further explanation of our provision for taxes, see Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Segment Information

        A description of the products and services, as well as financial data, for each segment can be found in Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference. We have realigned segment financial data for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2011 and 2010 to reflect changes in HP's organizational structure that occurred at the beginning of the first quarter of fiscal 2012. We describe these changes more fully in Note 19. We have presented the business segments in this Annual Report on Form 10-K based on the distinct nature of various businesses such as customer base, homogeneity of products and technology. The discussions below include the results of each of our segments.

        Effective November 1, 2012, we created the Enterprise Group segment consisting of the business units within our ESSN segment and our TS business unit, which is a part of our existing Services segment. The remaining business units in our Services segment, ITO and ABS, will comprise a new Enterprise Services segment.

Printing and Personal Systems Group

        Printing and Personal Systems segments were realigned beneath a newly formed Printing and Personal Systems Group during fiscal 2012. We describe the results of the business segments within the Printing and Personal Systems Group in more detail below.

Personal Systems

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions
 

Net revenue

  $ 35,650   $ 39,574   $ 40,741  

Earnings from operations

  $ 1,706   $ 2,350   $ 2,032  

Earnings from operations as a % of net revenue

    4.8 %   5.9 %   5.0 %

        The components of the weighted net revenue change by Personal Systems business units were as follows for the following fiscal years ended October 31:

 
  2012   2011  
 
  Percentage Points
 

Notebook PCs

    (6.3 )   (3.2 )

Desktop PCs

    (3.4 )   (0.7 )

Workstations

    (0.2 )   1.1  

Other

        (0.1 )
           

Total Personal Systems

    (9.9 )   (2.9 )
           

        Personal Systems net revenue decreased 9.9% (decreased 8.8% when adjusted for currency) in fiscal 2012. The revenue decline was due primarily to a decline in unit volumes, the effect of which was partially offset by a nominal increase in average selling prices ("ASPs"). ASPs increased due primarily to a mix shift toward higher-end models, the effect of which was partially offset by unfavorable currency impacts. Unit volume was down 11% due primarily to continued demand weakness in both the consumer and commercial markets. In fiscal 2012, net revenue from Notebook PCs decreased 12% while net revenue from Desktop PCs decreased 9% as a result of the overall market decline.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Workstations revenue decreased 3% due to weak demand in the commercial PC market. In fiscal 2012, net revenue for consumer clients decreased 15% while commercial client revenue decreased 6%.

        Personal Systems earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue decreased 1.1 percentage points in fiscal 2012. The decrease was due primarily to a gross margin decline resulting from higher component costs combined with an unfavorable currency impact. These negative impacts to gross margin were partially offset by lower warranty and logistics costs, benefits from insurance proceeds related to flooding in Thailand in July 2011 and an increased level of component vendor rebates. In addition, operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue increased due primarily to the decline in revenue coupled with increased investments in research and development, the effects of which were partially offset by a decrease in administrative expenses.

        Personal Systems net revenue decreased 2.9% (decreased 4.7% when adjusted for currency) in fiscal 2011 due primarily to softness in the consumer PC markets, the effect of which was partially offset by strength in commercial businesses. Unit volume was up 2% due primarily to the continued commercial refresh cycle, the effect of which was partially offset by a decline in volume in the consumer business. In fiscal 2011, Workstations revenue increased 24% due to the ongoing corporate refresh cycle and strength in the commercial PC market. Net revenue from Desktop PCs decreased 2% while Notebook PCs revenue decreased 6% as a result of consumer market softness. In fiscal 2011, net revenue for consumer clients decreased 15% while commercial client revenue increased 9%. Net revenue in Other decreased 7% due primarily to the wind down of the handheld business and decreased sales of consumer warranty extensions. For fiscal 2011, the favorable impact on Personal Systems net revenue from unit increases was offset by a 5% decrease in ASPs due primarily to the competitive pricing environment.

        Personal Systems earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue increased 0.9 percentage points in fiscal 2011. The increase was driven by improvements in gross margin resulting primarily from a favorable component pricing environment and lower warranty costs. Partially offsetting the increase in gross margin was an increase in operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue due primarily to unfavorable currency impact and increased selling costs.

Printing

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions
 

Net revenue

  $ 24,487   $ 26,176   $ 26,176  

Earnings from operations

  $ 3,585   $ 3,927   $ 4,357  

Earnings from operations as a % of net revenue

    14.6 %   15.0 %   16.6 %

        The components of the weighted net revenue change by Printing business units were as follows for the following fiscal years ended October 31:

 
  2012   2011  
 
  Percentage Points
 

Supplies

    (3.9 )   0.0  

Consumer Hardware

    (1.5 )   0.0  

Commercial Hardware

    (1.1 )   0.0  
           

Total Printing

    (6.5 )   0.0  
           

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        Printing net revenue decreased 6.5% (decreased 6.3% when adjusted for currency) in fiscal 2012, driven by broad-based consumer demand weakness in all regions. Printer unit volume declined 15%, while average revenue per unit increased by 8%. Net revenue for Supplies decreased 6% in fiscal 2012 driven by demand declines in all regions, the effects of which were partially offset by growth in large format printing supplies. Net revenue for Consumer Hardware decreased 14% in fiscal 2012, due primarily to a decline in consumer demand. Inkjet unit volume reductions of 18% were partially offset by a higher mix of high value inkjet units reflecting an increase in average revenue per unit of 6%. Net revenue for Commercial Hardware decreased 5% in fiscal 2012. The net revenue decline was driven by volume declines of 8%, due primarily to a weak worldwide demand environment impacting our LaserJet printer business. These negative impacts were offset by higher average revenue per unit of 2% and net revenue growth in both large format printers and our managed print services business.

        Printing earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue decreased by 0.4 percentage points in fiscal 2012. Gross margin declined in fiscal 2012 due to an unfavorable currency impact driven by the strength of the Japanese yen and from lower ink supplies volumes as a result of demand declines in all regions. These effects were partially offset by our focus on higher-end inkjet printers combined with a higher mix of supplies. Operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue increased due to the decline in revenue and investments in research and development, the effects of which were partially offset by declines in marketing and administrative expenses.

        Printing net revenue remained flat (decreased 1.0% when adjusted for currency) in fiscal 2011. Net revenue for Commercial Hardware increased 3% in fiscal 2011 due primarily to double-digit net revenue growth in the graphics business, coupled with strong performance in transactional laser products in emerging geographies. These effects were partially offset by supply chain constraints in LaserJet printers as a result of the earthquake and tsunami in Japan. Net revenue for Supplies decreased 1% in fiscal 2011, driven by slower demand, particularly in Europe. These effects were partially offset by growth in large format printing supplies. Net revenue for Consumer Hardware decreased 4% in fiscal 2011, driven primarily by overall reductions in consumer electronics spending and competitive pricing pressures reflected in a mix shift towards lower-priced products and a decline in the average revenue per unit of 6%.

        Printing earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue decreased by 1.6 percentage points in fiscal 2011, due primarily to a decline in gross margin, the effect of which was partially offset by lower operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue. The gross margin decline in fiscal 2011 was due primarily to increased logistics costs and supply chain constraints in LaserJet printers as a result of the Japan earthquake and tsunami, an unfavorable currency impact driven primarily by the strength of the yen, a continued mix shift in Consumer Hardware and Commercial Hardware to lower price point products coupled with a lower mix of supplies. These effects were partially offset by reductions in Printing's cost structure as a result of continued efforts to optimize our supply chain. The decrease in operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue in fiscal 2011 was due primarily to reduced marketing and administrative expenses, the effect of which was partially offset by higher field selling cost expenses.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Services

 
  For fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions
 

Net revenue

  $ 34,922   $ 35,702   $ 35,276  

Earnings from operations

  $ 4,095   $ 5,203   $ 5,714  

Earnings from operations as a % of net revenue

    11.7 %   14.6 %   16.2 %

        The components of the weighted net revenue change by Services business units were as follows for the following fiscal years ended October 31:

 
  2012   2011  
 
  Percentage Points
 

Infrastructure Technology Outsourcing

    (1.5 )   0.7  

Application and Business Services

    (0.5 )   (0.3 )

Technology Services

    (0.2 )   0.8  
           

Total Services

    (2.2 )   1.2  
           

        Services net revenue decreased 2.2% (decreased 0.5% when adjusted for currency) in fiscal 2012 due to revenue decreases in all business units. ITO net revenue decreased by 3% in fiscal 2012. Contractual rate declines on ongoing contracts, increased deal selectivity designed to meet threshold margins and strategic fit, and an unfavorable currency impact contributed to the decrease in revenues. These effects were partially offset by an increase in product-related revenue and increased revenue from cloud and security offerings. The deal selectivity and contractual rate declines mentioned above are expected to adversely affect revenue in future periods. ABS net revenue decreased by 2% in fiscal 2012. The decrease was driven by declines in short-term project work combined with an unfavorable currency impact, the effect of which was partially offset by increases in sales of cloud and information management and analytics offerings. TS net revenue decreased by 1% in fiscal 2012, due primarily to revenue declines in our support business driven by an unfavorable currency impact. Support contract renewals remained steady while declines in third-party hardware support were offset by growth in project services.

        Services earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue decreased by 2.9 percentage points in fiscal 2012. The decrease was due primarily to a gross margin decline driven by lower than expected revenue, contractual rate declines on ongoing contracts, a lower than expected resource utilization rate and additional costs associated with certain contract deliverable delays. These effects were partially offset by a continued focus on operating improvements and cost initiatives that favorably impacted the cost structure of all business units.

        Services net revenue increased 1.2% (decreased 1.3% when adjusted for currency) in fiscal 2011 due to revenue increases in ITO and TS business units. ITO net revenue increased by 2% in fiscal 2011. An increase in product-related revenue and a favorable currency impact were partially offset by a shortfall in short-term project contracts with existing clients. TS net revenue increased by 3% in fiscal 2011, due primarily to growth in our consulting business and a favorable currency impact, the effect of which was partially offset by reduced sales of third-party hardware. ABS net revenue decreased by 1% in fiscal 2011. The decrease was driven by the ExcellerateHRO divestiture completed at the end of the third quarter of fiscal 2010, declines in short-term project work and weakness in public sector spending. These effects were partially offset by a favorable currency impact.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        Services earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue decreased by 1.6 percentage points in fiscal 2011. Operating margin decreased due primarily to lower than expected revenue, rate concessions arising from recent contract renewals, a lower than expected resource utilization rate and a higher mix of lower-margin Infrastructure Technology Outsourcing revenue. The decrease in operating margin was partially offset by a reduction in bad debt expense and a continued focus on operating improvements and cost initiatives that favorably impacted the cost structure of both our enterprise services and technology services businesses.

Enterprise Servers, Storage and Networking

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions
 

Net revenue

  $ 20,491   $ 22,064   $ 20,246  

Earnings from operations

  $ 2,132   $ 2,997   $ 2,814  

Earnings from operations as a % of net revenue

    10.4 %   13.6 %   13.9 %

        The components of the weighted net revenue change by ESSN business units were as follows for the following fiscal years ended October 31:

 
  2012   2011  
 
  Percentage Points
 

Industry Standard Servers

    (4.2 )   4.7  

Business Critical Systems ("BCS")

    (2.2 )   (1.0 )

Storage

    (1.1 )   1.3  

Networking

    0.4     4.0  
           

Total ESSN

    (7.1 )   9.0  
           

        ESSN net revenue decreased 7.1% (6.4% when adjusted for currency) in fiscal 2012 due primarily to revenue decreases in ISS, BCS and Storage. In fiscal 2012, ISS net revenue decreased by 7% driven by declines in unit volume and average unit prices. The declines were due primarily to competitive pricing pressures and macroeconomic challenges in EMEA. These effects were partially offset by increased demand for public and private cloud offerings. BCS net revenue decreased by 23% in fiscal 2012 mainly as a result of lower demand for our Itanium-based servers, the impact of which was slightly offset by growth in NonStop servers. Storage net revenue decreased 6% in fiscal 2012, due primarily to revenue declines in storage tape and networking products, the effect of which was partially offset by strong growth in 3PAR products and StoreOnce data deduplication solutions. Networking net revenue increased 4% in fiscal 2012 due to higher market demand for our core data center products, the effect of which was partially offset by competitive pricing pressures and the divestiture of our video surveillance business.

        ESSN earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue decreased by 3.2 percentage points in fiscal 2012 driven by a decrease in gross margin coupled with an increase in operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue. The decrease in gross margin was due primarily to competitive pricing pressures, particularly in ISS and, to a lesser extent, in Networking. The increase in operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue was driven by an increase in research and development costs and field selling costs, the effect of which was partially offset by lower administrative and marketing expenses.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        ESSN net revenue increased 9.0% (7.0% when adjusted for currency) in fiscal 2011 due to growth in Networking and ISS. Total revenue from server and storage blades increased by 11% in fiscal 2011. ISS net revenue increased by 8% in fiscal 2011, driven primarily by unit volume growth coupled with increased average unit prices due to favorable demand for the latest generation of ISS products. The revenue increase was also driven by expansion in our converged infrastructure solutions and strong demand from public and private cloud customers. Networking net revenue increased by 50% due largely to our acquisition of 3Com in April 2010, strong market demand for our core data center products and the impact of our continued investments in sales coverage. Storage net revenue increased by 7% in fiscal 2011 driven primarily by strong performance in products related to our acquisition of 3PAR in September 2010 and growth in scale out storage arrays, entry-level arrays and StoreOnce data deduplication products. BCS net revenue decreased by 9% in fiscal 2011 mainly as a result of orders being delayed or cancelled following an announcement by an alliance partner that it intends to cease software development for our Itanium-based servers. The impact from reduced sales of Itanium-based servers was partially offset by higher demand for the latest generation of BCS scale-up x86 products and growth in NonStop servers.

        ESSN earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue decreased by 0.3 percentage points in fiscal 2011 driven by an increase in operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue, the effect of which was partially offset by an increase in gross margin. The increase in operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue was due primarily to additional expenses associated with acquisitions and investments in R&D and sales coverage. The gross margin increase was driven by lower product costs and a higher mix of networking products, the effect of which was partially offset by price declines as a result of competitive pressure.

Software

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions
 

Net revenue

  $ 4,060   $ 3,367   $ 2,812  

Earnings from operations

  $ 827   $ 722   $ 787  

Earnings from operations as a % of net revenue

    20.4 %   21.4 %   28.0 %

        Software net revenue increased 20.6% (21.3% when adjusted for currency) in fiscal 2012 due to revenues from acquired companies, primarily Autonomy, which was acquired in October, 2011. In fiscal 2012, net revenue from services, support and licenses increased by 71%, 16% and 8%, respectively.

        Software earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue decreased by 1.0 percentage points in fiscal 2012 due primarily to a decrease in gross margin and a slight increase in operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue. The gross margin decline was due primarily to a lower mix of license revenue, the effect of which was partially offset by a highly profitable software deal entered into in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012.

        Software net revenue increased 19.7% (18.1% when adjusted for currency) in fiscal 2011 due to revenues from acquired companies as well as growth in the organic business. The revenue growth was driven by good performance from our security and management suite offerings. In fiscal 2011, net revenue from services, licenses and support increased by 26%, 23% and 16%, respectively.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        Software earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue decreased by 6.6 percentage points in fiscal 2011. The operating margin decline was due primarily to the impact of deferred revenue write-downs and integration costs associated with acquisitions and investments in sales coverage and R&D, the effect of which was partially offset by the capitalization of certain software development costs.

HP Financial Services

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions
 

Net revenue

  $ 3,819   $ 3,596   $ 3,047  

Earnings from operations

  $ 388   $ 348   $ 281  

Earnings from operations as a % of net revenue

    10.2 %   9.7 %   9.2 %

        HPFS net revenue increased by 6.2% in fiscal 2012. The net revenue increase was due primarily to portfolio growth, along with higher buyout activity and higher end-of-lease revenue from residual expirations in line with portfolio growth. The effects of these changes were partially offset by unfavorable currency movements.

        HPFS earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue increased by 0.5 percentage points in fiscal 2012. The increase was due primarily to an increase in gross margin. The increase in gross margin was due primarily to lower bad debt expense, the effect of which was partially offset by lower margins on end-of-term activities, including buyouts and lease extensions. Operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue were flat due to our continued focus on cost efficiencies.

        HPFS net revenue increased by 18.0% in fiscal 2011. The net revenue increase was due primarily to portfolio growth as a result of higher customer demand, a higher operating lease mix due to higher service-led financing volume, higher end-of-lease revenue from residual expirations in line with portfolio growth, and higher early buyout revenue and favorable currency movements.

        HPFS earnings from operations as a percentage of net revenue increased by 0.5 percentage points in fiscal 2011 due primarily to a decrease in operating expenses as a percentage of revenue, the effect of which was partially offset by a decrease in gross margin. The decrease in operating expenses was due primarily to continued improvement in cost efficiencies. The decrease in gross margin was the result of lower portfolio margins from a higher mix of operating leases, the effect of which was partially offset by lower bad debt expense as a percentage of revenue and higher margins on lease extensions and buyouts.

Financing Originations

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions
 

Total financing originations

  $ 6,590   $ 6,765   $ 5,987  

        New financing originations, which represent the amount of financing provided to customers for equipment and related software and services, including intercompany activity, decreased 2.6% and increased 13.0% in fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011, respectively. The decrease was driven by lower financing associated with HP product sales and services offerings, along with unfavorable currency impact.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Portfolio Assets and Ratios

        HPFS maintains a strategy to generate a competitive return on equity by effectively leveraging its portfolio against the risks associated with interest rates and credit. The HPFS business model is asset intensive and uses certain internal metrics to measure its performance against other financial services companies, including a segment balance sheet that is derived from our internal management reporting system. The accounting policies used to derive these amounts are substantially the same as those used by the consolidated company. However, certain intercompany loans and accounts that are reflected in the segment balances are eliminated in our Consolidated Financial Statements.

        The portfolio assets and ratios derived from the segment balance sheet for HPFS were as follows for the following fiscal years ended October 31:

 
  2012   2011  
 
  In millions
 

Portfolio assets(1)

  $ 13,054   $ 12,699  
           

Allowance for doubtful accounts(2)

    149     130  

Operating lease equipment reserve

    81     84  
           

Total reserves

    230     214  
           

Net portfolio assets

  $ 12,824   $ 12,485  
           

Reserve coverage

    1.8 %   1.7 %

Debt to equity ratio(3)

    7.0x     7.0x  

(1)
Portfolio assets include gross financing receivables of approximately $7.7 billion and $7.3 billion at October 31, 2012 and October 31, 2011, respectively, and net equipment under operating leases of $2.4 billion and $2.7 billion at October 31, 2012 and October 31, 2011, respectively, as disclosed in Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference. Portfolio assets also include capitalized profit on intercompany equipment transactions of approximately $0.9 billion and $1.0 billion at October 31, 2012 and October 31, 2011, respectively, and intercompany leases of approximately $2.1 billion and $1.7 billion at October 31, 2012 and October 31, 2011, respectively, both of which are eliminated in consolidation.

(2)
Allowance for doubtful accounts includes both the short-term and the long-term portions of the allowance on financing receivables.

(3)
HPFS debt consists of intercompany equity that is treated as debt for segment reporting purposes, intercompany debt and debt issued directly by HPFS. At October 31, 2012 and 2011, debt allocated to HPFS totalled $11.3 billion and $10.8 billion, respectively. The allocated intercompany debt to equity ratio above is comparable to that of other similar financing companies.

        At October 31, 2012 and 2011, HPFS cash balances were approximately $700 million and $500 million, respectively.

        Net portfolio assets at October 31, 2012 increased 2.7% from October 31, 2011. The increase resulted from higher levels of new financing originations in fiscal 2012, the effect of which was partially offset by an unfavorable currency impact. The overall percentage of portfolio asset reserves increased as a percentage of the portfolio assets.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        HPFS recorded net bad debt expenses of $54 million and $60 million in fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011, respectively.

Corporate Investments

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions
 

Net revenue

  $ 108   $ 208   $ 214  

Loss from operations

  $ (238 ) $ (1,619 ) $ (358 )

Loss from operations as a % of net revenue

    (220.4 )%   (778.4 )%   (167.3 )%

        Net revenue in Corporate Investments in fiscal 2012 relates primarily to business intelligence solutions and the former webOS device business. In fiscal 2012, the revenue decrease was a result of lower sales due to the wind down of the webOS device business announced in August 2011.

        Corporate Investments reported a smaller loss from operations in fiscal 2012 due primarily to the absence in the current period of charges recognized in the prior period related to the wind down of the webOS device business. The loss from operations in Corporate Investments was also due to expenses carried in the segment associated with corporate strategy, global alliances and HP Labs.

        Net revenue in Corporate Investments in fiscal 2011 relates primarily to mobile devices associated with the Palm acquisition, business intelligence solutions and licensing of HP technology to third parties. In fiscal 2011, the revenue decrease was due primarily to lower business intelligence solutions revenue, the effect of which was partially offset by revenue from webOS devices. Business intelligence solutions revenue declined mainly due to lower revenue from consulting services.

        Corporate Investments reported a higher loss from operations in fiscal 2011 due to $755 million of expenses primarily for supplier-related obligations and sales incentive programs related to winding down the webOS device business. The loss from operations in Corporate Investments was also due to expenses carried in the segment associated with corporate development, global alliances and HP Labs, which expenses increased from fiscal 2010 and were partially offset by a gain on the divestiture of HP's Halo video collaboration products business.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

        Our cash balances are held in numerous locations throughout the world, with substantially all of those amounts held outside of the United States. Amounts held outside of the United States are generally utilized to support non-U.S. liquidity needs, although a portion of those amounts may from time to time be subject to short-term intercompany loans into the United States. Most of the amounts held outside of the United States could be repatriated to the United States but, under current law, would be subject to United States federal income taxes, less applicable foreign tax credits. Repatriation of some foreign balances is restricted by local laws. Except for foreign earnings that are considered indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States, we have provided for the U.S. federal tax liability on these earnings for financial statement purposes. Repatriation could result in additional income tax payments in future years. Where local restrictions prevent an efficient intercompany transfer of funds, our intent is that cash balances would remain outside of the United States and we would meet liquidity needs through ongoing cash flows, external borrowings, or both. We utilize a variety of tax planning and financing strategies in an effort to ensure that our worldwide cash is available in the locations in which it is needed. We do not expect restrictions or potential taxes on repatriation of amounts held

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

outside of the United States to have a material effect on HP's overall liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

LIQUIDITY

        We use cash generated by operations as our primary source of liquidity; we believe that internally generated cash flows are generally sufficient to support business operations, capital expenditures and the payment of stockholder dividends, in addition to discretionary investments and share repurchases. We are able to supplement this near-term liquidity, if necessary, with broad access to capital markets and credit line facilities made available by various foreign and domestic financial institutions. Our liquidity is subject to various risks including the market risks identified in the section entitled "Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures about Market Risk" in Item 7A.

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In billions
 

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 11.3   $ 8.0   $ 10.9  

Total debt

  $ 28.4   $ 30.6   $ 22.3  

Available borrowing resources(1)(2)

  $ 17.4   $ 14.6   $ 13.8  

(1)
In addition to these available borrowing resources, we are able to offer for sale, from time to time, in one or more offerings, an unspecified amount of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares and warrants under a shelf registration statement filed with the SEC in May 2012 (the "2012 Shelf Registration Statement").

(2)
Available borrowing resources does not include £2.2 billion ($3.6 billion) in borrowing resources under our 364-day senior unsecured bridge term loan agreement that was entered into in August 2011 and terminated in November 2011.

        Our cash position remains strong, and we expect that our cash balances, anticipated cash flow generated from operations and access to capital markets will be sufficient to cover cash outlays expected in fiscal 2013.

Cash Flows

        The following table summarizes the key cash flow metrics from our consolidated statements of cash flow:

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions
 

Net cash provided by operating activities

  $ 10,571   $ 12,639   $ 11,922  

Net cash used in investing activities

    (3,453 )   (13,959 )   (11,359 )

Net cash used in financing activities

    (3,860 )   (1,566 )   (2,913 )
               

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

  $ 3,258   $ (2,886 ) $ (2,350 )
               

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by approximately $2.1 billion for fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011. The decrease was due primarily to lower net earnings and higher utilization of cash resources for payment of accounts payable, the impact of which was partially offset by lower investment in inventory and higher cash generated from collections of accounts and financing receivables. Net cash provided by operating activities increased by approximately $0.7 billion for fiscal 2011 as compared to fiscal 2010. The increase was due primarily to higher cash generated through the utilization of operating assets, primarily accounts and financing receivables, and lower utilization of cash resources for payment of accounts payable, the impact of which was partially offset by decreases in net earnings and cash utilized as a result of higher inventory levels.

        Our key working capital metrics are as follows:

 
  October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  

Days of sales outstanding in accounts receivable

    49     51     50  

Days of supply in inventory

    25     27     23  

Days of purchases outstanding in accounts payable

    (53 )   (52 )   (52 )
               

Cash conversion cycle

    21     26     21  
               

        Days of sales outstanding in accounts receivable ("DSO") measures the average number of days our receivables are outstanding. DSO is calculated by dividing ending accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, by a 90-day average net revenue. Our accounts receivable balance was $16.4 billion as of October 31, 2012.

        Days of supply in inventory ("DOS") measures the average number of days from procurement to sale of our product. DOS is calculated by dividing ending inventory by a 90-day average cost of goods sold. Our inventory balance was $6.3 billion as of October 31, 2012.

        Days of purchases outstanding in accounts payable ("DPO") measures the average number of days our accounts payable balances are outstanding. DPO is calculated by dividing ending accounts payable by a 90-day average cost of goods sold. Our accounts payable balance was $13.4 billion as of October 31, 2012.

        Our working capital requirements depend upon our effective management of the cash conversion cycle, which represents effectively the number of days that elapse from the day we pay for the purchase of raw materials to the collection of cash from our customers. The cash conversion cycle is the sum of DSO and DOS less DPO.

        The cash conversion cycle for fiscal 2012 decreased by five days compared to fiscal 2011. The decrease in DSO was due primarily to improved collections, an increase in cash discounts and a decline in extended payment terms. Additionally our DSO benefited from the current-period DSO calculation containing a full quarter of revenue from our Autonomy acquisition versus the approximately one month of revenue that was included in the prior-period DSO calculation. These favorable impacts to DSO were partially offset by revenue linearity. The decrease in DOS was due to lower inventory balances in most segments as of October 31, 2012. The increase in DPO was primarily due to improved purchasing linearity.

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        The cash conversion cycle for fiscal 2011 increased by five days as compared to fiscal 2010. The increase in DSO was primarily the result of unfavorable impact on receivables from the Autonomy acquisition, extended payment terms and an increase in unbilled and aged accounts receivables, the effect of which was offset by a favorable currency impact due to the strengthening U.S. dollar. The increase in DOS was a result of higher inventory levels at October 31, 2011 due primarily to a macro economic slowdown impacting our consumer businesses, the timing of shipments in our commercial hardware businesses and strategic purchases of certain components. DPO remained flat year over year.

Investing Activities

        Net cash used in investing activities decreased by $10.5 billion for fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011, due primarily to lower investments in acquisitions in 2012. Net cash used in investing activities increased by approximately $2.6 billion for fiscal 2011 as compared to fiscal 2010, due primarily to higher investments in acquisitions in 2011.

Financing Activities

        Net cash used in financing activities increased by approximately $2.3 billion for fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011. The increase was due primarily to lower net proceeds from the issuance of U.S. Dollar Global Notes and an increase in net repayment of commercial paper, the impact of which was partially offset by lower cash paid for repurchases of our common stock. Net cash used in financing activities decreased by approximately $1.3 billion for fiscal 2011 as compared to fiscal 2010. The decrease was due primarily to higher net proceeds from the issuance of debt and a decrease in cash paid for repurchases of our common stock, the impact of which was partially offset by higher net repayment of commercial paper and a decrease in cash received from the issuance of common stock under employee stock plans.

        For more information on our share repurchase programs, see Item 5 and Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which are incorporated herein by reference.

CAPITAL RESOURCES

Debt Levels

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions, except
interest rates and ratios

 

Short-term debt

  $ 6,647   $ 8,083   $ 7,046  

Long-term debt

  $ 21,789   $ 22,551   $ 15,258  

Debt-equity ratio

    1.25x     0.79x     0.55x  

Weighted-average interest rate

    2.95 %   2.4 %   2.0 %

        We maintain debt levels that we establish through consideration of a number of factors, including cash flow expectations, cash requirements for operations, cash needed to support our financing business, investment plans (including acquisitions), share repurchase activities, overall cost of capital, and targeted capital structure.

        Short-term debt and long-term debt decreased by $1.4 billion and $0.8 billion, respectively, for fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011. The net decrease in total debt is due primarily to fewer acquisitions, and lower levels of share repurchases coupled with maturities in some obligations. In fiscal

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

2011, short-term debt and long-term debt increased by $1.0 billion and $7.3 billion, respectively, as compared to fiscal 2010. The net increase in total debt is due primarily to investments in acquisitions and share repurchases.

        During fiscal 2013, $5.5 billion of U.S. Dollar Global Notes will mature. We expect to have sufficient cash, cash from operations and access to capital markets to repay those maturing global notes.

        Our debt-equity ratio is calculated as the carrying value of debt divided by the carrying value of equity. Our debt-equity ratio increased by 0.46x in fiscal 2012, due primarily to a decrease in shareholders equity by $16.2 billion at the end of fiscal 2012. Our debt-equity ratio increased by 0.24x in fiscal 2011, due primarily to the issuance of $11.6 billion of U.S Dollar Global Notes and a decrease in shareholders equity by $1.8 billion at the end of fiscal 2011.

        Our weighted-average interest rate reflects the average effective rate on our borrowings prevailing during the year; it factors in the impact of swapping some of our global notes with fixed interest rates for global notes with floating interest rates. For more information on our interest rate swaps, see Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference. The low weighted-average interest rate over the past three years is a result of a combination of lower market interest rates and swapping some of our fixed-interest obligations associated with some of our fixed-rate U.S. Dollar Global Notes for variable-rate obligations through interest rate swaps in a declining rate environment.

        For more information on our borrowings, see Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Available Borrowing Resources

        At October 31, 2012, we had the following resources available to obtain short-term or long-term financings if we need additional liquidity:

 
  At October 31, 2012  
 
  In millions
 

2012 Shelf Registration Statement(1)

  Unspecified  

Commercial paper programs(1)

  $16,135  

Uncommitted lines of credit(1)

  $  1,301  

(1)
For more information on our available borrowings resources, see Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Credit Ratings

        Our credit risk is evaluated by three independent rating agencies based upon publicly available information as well as information obtained in our ongoing discussions with them. The ratings as of October 31, 2012 were:

 
  Standard & Poor's
Ratings Services
  Moody's Investors
Service
  Fitch Ratings
Services

Short-term debt ratings

  A-2   Prime-2   F2

Long-term debt ratings

  BBB+   A3   A-

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Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

        Our credit ratings were downgraded by Fitch Ratings Services to F2 and A- in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012. Moody's Investors Service subsequently downgraded our long-term debt from A3 to Baa1 in November 2012. Our credit ratings remain under negative outlook by Moody's Investors Service. While we do not have any rating downgrade triggers that would accelerate the maturity of a material amount of our debt, these downgrades have increased the cost of borrowing under our credit facilities, have reduced market capacity for our commercial paper, and may require the posting of additional collateral under some of our derivative contracts. In addition, any further downgrade in our credit ratings by any of the three rating agencies may further impact us in a similar manner, and, depending on the extent of the downgrade, could have a negative impact on our liquidity and capital position. We will rely on alternative sources of funding, including drawdowns under our credit facilities or the issuance of debt or other securities under our existing shelf registration statement, if necessary, to offset reductions in the market capacity for our commercial paper.

CONTRACTUAL AND OTHER OBLIGATIONS

        The impact that we expect our contractual and other obligations as of October 31, 2012 to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods is as follows:

 
   
  Payments Due by Period  
 
  Total   1 Year or
Less
  1-3 Years   3-5 Years   More than
5 Years
 
 
  In millions
 

Principal payments on long-term debt(1)

  $ 26,811   $ 5,638   $ 7,411   $ 5,824   $ 7,938  

Interest payments on long-term debt(2)

    5,346     600     1,035     815     2,896  

Operating lease obligations

    3,242     752     1,141     556     793  

Purchase obligations(3)

    1,632     1,131     448     53      

Capital lease obligations

    354     59     251     11     33  
                       

Total

  $ 37,385   $ 8,180   $ 10,286   $ 7,259   $ 11,660  
                       

(1)
Amounts represent the expected principal cash payments relating to our long-term debt and do not include any fair value adjustments or discounts and premiums.

(2)
Amounts represent the expected interest cash payments relating to our long-term debt. We have outstanding interest rate swap agreements accounted for as fair value hedges that have the economic effect of modifying the fixed-interest obligations associated with some of our fixed global notes for variable rate obligations. The impact of these interest rate swaps was factored into the calculation of the future interest payments on long-term debt.

(3)
Purchase obligations include agreements to purchase goods or services that are enforceable and legally binding on us and that specify all significant terms, including fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction. These purchase obligations are related principally to inventory and other items. Purchase obligations exclude agreements that are cancellable without penalty. Purchase obligations also exclude open purchase orders that are routine arrangements entered into in the ordinary course of business, as they are difficult to quantify in a meaningful way. Even though open purchase orders are considered enforceable and legally binding, the terms generally allow us the option to cancel, reschedule, and adjust our requirements based on our business needs prior to the delivery of goods or performance of services.

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HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Income Tax Obligations

        In addition to the above, at October 31, 2012, we had approximately $2.3 billion of recorded liabilities and related interest and penalties pertaining to uncertainty in income tax positions, which will be partially offset by $338 million of deferred tax assets and interest receivable. These liabilities and related interest and penalties include $81 million expected to be paid within one year. For the remaining amount, we are unable to make a reasonable estimate as to when cash settlement with the tax authorities might occur due to the uncertainties related to these tax matters. See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference, for additional information on taxes.

Restructuring Funding Commitments

        As a result of our approved restructuring plans, we expect future cash expenditures of approximately $2.7 billion. We expect to make cash payments of approximately $1.6 billion in fiscal 2013 with remaining cash payments through fiscal 2016. In addition to these cash expenditures, we expect to fund approximately $833 million of the enhanced early retirement program ("EER") announced in May 2012 through use of our U.S. pension plan assets. The use of plan assets to fund the U.S. EER in fiscal 2012 did not cause us to increase our funding to our U.S. pension plan. See Note 8 and Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which are incorporated herein by reference, for additional information on our restructuring plans and pension activities, respectively. We expect to use a combination of cash from operations and our available borrowing resources to meet our near-term funding commitments.

Guarantees and Indemnifications

        See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference, for additional information on liabilities that may arise from guarantees and indemnifications.

Litigation and Contingencies

        See Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference, for additional information on liabilities that may arise from litigation and contingencies.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

        As part of our ongoing business, we have not participated in transactions that generate material relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities ("SPEs"), which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. As of October 31, 2012, we are not involved in any material unconsolidated SPEs.

        HP has third-party financing arrangements in order to facilitate the working capital requirements of certain partners consisting of revolving short-term financing. The total aggregate capacity of the facilities was $1.5 billion as of October 31, 2012, including a $0.9 billion partial recourse facility entered into in May 2011 and an aggregate capacity of $0.6 billion in non-recourse facilities. For more information on our revolving trade receivables-based facilities, see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, which is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

        In the normal course of business, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate, interest rate and equity price risks that could impact our financial position and results of operations. Our risk management strategy with respect to these three market risks may include the use of derivative financial instruments. We use derivative contracts only to manage existing underlying exposures of HP. Accordingly, we do not use derivative contracts for speculative purposes. Our risks, risk management strategy and a sensitivity analysis estimating the effects of changes in fair values for each of these exposures are outlined below.

        Actual gains and losses in the future may differ materially from the sensitivity analyses based on changes in the timing and amount of interest rate, foreign currency exchange rate and equity price movements and our actual exposures and hedges.

Foreign currency exchange rate risk

        We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk inherent in our sales commitments, anticipated sales, anticipated purchases and assets, liabilities and debt denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We transact business in approximately 75 currencies worldwide, of which the most significant foreign currencies to our operations for fiscal 2012 were the euro, the Japanese yen, Chinese yuan renminbi and the British pound. For most currencies, we are a net receiver of the foreign currency and therefore benefit from a weaker U.S. dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger U.S. dollar relative to the foreign currency. Even where we are a net receiver, a weaker U.S. dollar may adversely affect certain expense figures taken alone. We use a combination of forward contracts and options designated as cash flow hedges to protect against the foreign currency exchange rate risks inherent in our forecasted net revenue and, to a lesser extent, cost of sales and inter-company lease loans denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. In addition, when debt is denominated in a foreign currency, we may use swaps to exchange the foreign currency principal and interest obligations for U.S. dollar-denominated amounts to manage the exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We also use other derivatives not designated as hedging instruments consisting primarily of forward contracts to hedge foreign currency balance sheet exposures. For these types of derivatives and hedges we recognize the gains and losses on these foreign currency forward contracts in the same period as the remeasurement losses and gains of the related foreign currency-denominated exposures. Alternatively, we may choose not to hedge the foreign currency risk associated with our foreign currency exposures, primarily if such exposure acts as a natural foreign currency hedge for other offsetting amounts denominated in the same currency or the currency is difficult or too expensive to hedge.

        We have performed sensitivity analyses as of October 31, 2012 and 2011, using a modeling technique that measures the change in the fair values arising from a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in the levels of foreign currency exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar, with all other variables held constant. The analyses cover all of our foreign currency contracts offset by the underlying exposures. The foreign currency exchange rates we used were based on market rates in effect at October 31, 2012 and 2011. The sensitivity analyses indicated that a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in foreign currency exchange rates would result in a foreign exchange loss of $71 million and $96 million at October 31, 2012 and October 31, 2011, respectively.

Interest rate risk

        We also are exposed to interest rate risk related to our debt and investment portfolios and financing receivables. We issue long-term debt in either U.S. dollars or foreign currencies based on market conditions at the time of financing. We then often use interest rate and/or currency swaps to modify the market risk exposures in connection with the debt to achieve U.S. dollar LIBOR-based

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floating interest expense. The swap transactions generally involve the exchange of fixed for floating interest payments. However, we may choose not to swap fixed for floating interest payments or may terminate a previously executed swap if we believe a larger proportion of fixed-rate debt would be beneficial. In order to hedge the fair value of certain fixed-rate investments, we may enter into interest rate swaps that convert fixed interest returns into variable interest returns. We may use cash flow hedges to hedge the variability of LIBOR-based interest income received on certain variable-rate investments. We may also enter into interest rate swaps that convert variable rate interest returns into fixed-rate interest returns.

        We have performed sensitivity analyses as of October 31, 2012 and 2011, using a modeling technique that measures the change in the fair values arising from a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in the levels of interest rates across the entire yield curve, with all other variables held constant. The analyses cover our debt, investment instruments, financing receivables and interest rate swaps. The analyses use actual or approximate maturities for the debt, investments, interest rate swaps and financing receivables. The discount rates we used were based on the market interest rates in effect at October 31, 2012 and 2011. The sensitivity analyses indicated that a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in interest rates would result in a loss in the fair values of our debt, investment instruments and financing receivables, net of interest rate swap positions, of $121 million at October 31, 2012 and $145 million at October 31, 2011.

Equity price risk

        We are also exposed to equity price risk inherent in our portfolio of publicly traded equity securities, which had an estimated fair value of $59 million at October 31, 2012 and $118 million at October 31, 2011. We monitor our equity investments for impairment on a periodic basis. Generally, we do not attempt to reduce or eliminate our market exposure on these equity securities. However, we may use derivative transactions to hedge certain positions from time to time. We do not purchase our equity securities with the intent to use them for speculative purposes. A hypothetical 30% adverse change in the stock prices of our publicly traded equity securities would result in a loss in the fair values of our marketable equity securities of approximately $18 million and $35 million at October 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The aggregate cost of investments in privately-held companies, and other investments was $59 million at October 31, 2012 and $57 million at October 31, 2011.

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ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Table of Contents

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

    75  

Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

   
77
 

Consolidated Statements of Earnings

   
78
 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

   
79
 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

   
80
 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

   
81
 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

   
82
 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   
83
 

Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

   
83
 

Note 2: Stock-Based Compensation

   
92
 

Note 3: Net Earnings Per Share

   
99
 

Note 4: Balance Sheet Details

   
100
 

Note 5: Supplemental Cash Flow Information

   
103
 

Note 6: Acquisitions

   
103
 

Note 7: Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets

   
104
 

Note 8: Restructuring Charges

   
109
 

Note 9: Fair Value

   
113
 

Note 10: Financial Instruments

   
116
 

Note 11: Financing Receivables and Operating Leases

   
122
 

Note 12: Guarantees

   
125
 

Note 13: Borrowings

   
126
 

Note 14: Taxes on Earnings

   
130
 

Note 15: Stockholders' Equity

   
135
 

Note 16: Retirement and Post-Retirement Benefit Plans

   
137
 

Note 17: Commitments

   
148
 

Note 18: Litigation and Contingencies

   
149
 

Note 19: Segment Information

   
160
 

Quarterly Summary

   
168
 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
    Hewlett-Packard Company

        We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Hewlett-Packard Company and subsidiaries as of October 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 2012. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

        We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Hewlett-Packard Company and subsidiaries at October 31, 2012 and 2011, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 2012, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

        We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Hewlett-Packard Company's internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated December 27, 2012, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP  

San Jose, California
December 27, 2012

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
    Hewlett-Packard Company

        We have audited Hewlett-Packard Company's internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Hewlett-Packard Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

        We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

        Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

        In our opinion, Hewlett-Packard Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2012, based on the COSO criteria.

        We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Hewlett-Packard Company and subsidiaries as of October 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 2012, and our report dated December 27, 2012, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP  

San Jose, California
December 27, 2012

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Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

        HP's management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for HP. HP's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. HP's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of HP; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of HP are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of HP; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of HP's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

        Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

        HP's management assessed the effectiveness of HP's internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2012, utilizing the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control—Integrated Framework. Based on the assessment by HP's management, we determined that HP's internal control over financial reporting was effective as of October 31, 2012. The effectiveness of HP's internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2012 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, HP's independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears on page 76 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

/s/ MARGARET C. WHITMAN

Margaret C. Whitman
President and Chief Executive Officer
December 27, 2012
  /s/ CATHERINE A. LESJAK

Catherine A. Lesjak
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
December 27, 2012

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HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Earnings

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions, except per share amounts
 

Net revenue:

                   

Products

  $ 77,887   $ 84,757   $ 84,799  

Services

    42,008     42,039     40,816  

Financing income

    462     449     418  
               

Total net revenue

    120,357     127,245     126,033  
               

Costs and expenses:

                   

Cost of products

    59,468     65,167     65,064  

Cost of services

    32,600     31,945     30,486  

Financing interest

    317     306     302  

Research and development

    3,399     3,254     2,959  

Selling, general and administrative

    13,500     13,577     12,822  

Amortization of purchased intangible assets

    1,784     1,607     1,484  

Impairment of goodwill and purchased intangible assets

    18,035     885      

Restructuring charges

    2,266     645     1,144  

Acquisition-related charges

    45     182     293  
               

Total operating expenses

    131,414     117,568     114,554  
               

(Loss) earnings from operations

    (11,057 )   9,677     11,479  
               

Interest and other, net

    (876 )   (695 )   (505 )
               

(Loss) earnings before taxes

    (11,933 )   8,982     10,974  

Provision for taxes

    (717 )   (1,908 )   (2,213 )
               

Net (loss) earnings

  $ (12,650 ) $ 7,074   $ 8,761  
               

Net (loss) earnings per share:

                   

Basic

  $ (6.41 ) $ 3.38   $ 3.78  
               

Diluted

  $ (6.41 ) $ 3.32   $ 3.69  
               

Weighted-average shares used to compute net (loss) earnings per share:

                   

Basic

    1,974     2,094     2,319  
               

Diluted

    1,974     2,128     2,372  
               

   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

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HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

 
  For the fiscal years ended
October 31
 
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions
 

Net (loss) earnings

  $ (12,650 ) $ 7,074   $ 8,761  
               

Other comprehensive (loss) income before tax:

                   

Change in unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities

    25     17     25  
               

Change in unrealized gains / losses on cash flow hedges:

                   

Unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period

    335     (374 )   369  

(Gains) losses reclassified into earnings

    (399 )   658     (431 )
               

    (64 )   284     (62 )
               

Change in unrealized components of defined benefit plans:

                   

Losses arising during the period

    (2,457 )   (289 )   (858 )

Amortization of actuarial loss and prior service benefit

    172     174     157  

Curtailments, settlements and other

    122     2     16  
               

    (2,163 )   (113 )   (685 )
               

Change in cumulative translation adjustment

    (47 )   66     59  
               

Other comprehensive (loss) income before taxes

    (2,249 )   254     (663 )

Benefit for taxes

    188     85     73  
               

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax

    (2,061 )   339     (590 )
               

Comprehensive (loss) income

  $ (14,711 ) $ 7,413   $ 8,171  
               

   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

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HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 
  October 31  
 
  2012   2011  
 
  In millions, except
par value

 

ASSETS

             

Current assets:

             

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 11,301   $ 8,043  

Accounts receivable

    16,407     18,224  

Financing receivables

    3,252     3,162  

Inventory

    6,317     7,490  

Other current assets

    13,360     14,102  
           

Total current assets

    50,637     51,021  
           

Property, plant and equipment

    11,954     12,292  

Long-term financing receivables and other assets

    10,593     10,755  

Goodwill

    31,069     44,551  

Purchased intangible assets

    4,515     10,898  
           

Total assets

  $ 108,768   $ 129,517  
           

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

             

Current liabilities:

             

Notes payable and short-term borrowings

  $ 6,647   $ 8,083  

Accounts payable

    13,350     14,750  

Employee compensation and benefits

    4,058     3,999  

Taxes on earnings

    846     1,048  

Deferred revenue

    7,494     7,449  

Accrued restructuring

    771     654  

Other accrued liabilities

    13,500     14,459  
           

Total current liabilities

    46,666     50,442  
           

Long-term debt

    21,789     22,551  

Other liabilities

    17,480     17,520  

Commitments and contingencies

             

Stockholders' equity:

             

HP stockholders' equity

             

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value (300 shares authorized; none issued)

         

Common stock, $0.01 par value (9,600 shares authorized; 1,963 and 1,991 shares issued and outstanding, respectively)

    20     20  

Additional paid-in capital

    6,454     6,837  

Retained earnings

    21,521     35,266  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

    (5,559 )   (3,498 )
           

Total HP stockholders' equity

    22,436     38,625  

Non-controlling interests

    397     379  
           

Total stockholders' equity

    22,833     39,004  
           

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

  $ 108,768   $ 129,517  
           

   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

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HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 
  For the fiscal years ended October 31  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  In millions
 

Cash flows from operating activities:

                   

Net (loss) earnings

  $ (12,650 ) $ 7,074   $ 8,761  

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:

                   

Depreciation and amortization

    5,095     4,984     4,820  

Impairment of goodwill and purchased intangible assets

    18,035     885      

Stock-based compensation expense

    635     685     668  

Provision for doubtful accounts—accounts and financing receivables

    142     81     156  

Provision for inventory

    277     217     189  

Restructuring charges

    2,266     645     1,144  

Deferred taxes on earnings

    (711 )   166     197  

Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation

    (12 )   (163 )   (294 )

Other, net

    265     (46 )   169  

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

                   

Accounts and financing receivables

    1,269     (227 )   (2,398 )

Inventory

    890     (1,252 )   (270 )

Accounts payable

    (1,414 )   275     (698 )

Taxes on earnings

    (320 )   610     723  

Restructuring

    (840 )   (1,002 )   (1,334 )

Other assets and liabilities

    (2,356 )   (293 )   89  
               

Net cash provided by operating activities

    10,571     12,639     11,922  
               

Cash flows from investing activities:

                   

Investment in property, plant and equipment

    (3,706 )   (4,539 )   (4,133 )

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

    617     999     602  

Purchases of available-for-sale securities and other investments

    (972 )   (96 )   (51 )

Maturities and sales of available-for-sale securities and other investments

    662     68     200  

Payments in connection with business acquisitions, net of cash acquired

    (141 )   (10,480 )   (8,102 )

Proceeds from business divestiture, net

    87     89     125  
               

Net cash used in investing activities

    (3,453 )   (13,959 )   (11,359 )
               

Cash flows from financing activities:

                   

(Payments) issuance of commercial paper and notes payable, net

    (2,775 )   (1,270 )   4,156  

Issuance of debt

    5,154     11,942     3,156  

Payment of debt

    (4,333 )   (2,336 )   (1,323 )

Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans

    716     896     2,617  

Repurchase of common stock

    (1,619 )   (10,117 )   (11,042 )

Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation

    12     163     294  

Cash dividends paid

    (1,015 )   (844 )   (771 )
               

Net cash used in financing activities

    (3,860 )   (1,566 )   (2,913 )
               

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

    3,258     (2,886 )   (2,350 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

    8,043     10,929     13,279  
               

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

  $ 11,301   $ 8,043   $ 10,929  
               

   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

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HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

 
  Common Stock    
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
  Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
   
   
   
 
 
  Number of
Shares
  Par Value   Additional
Paid-in
Capital
  Retained
Earnings
  Total HP
Stockholders'
Equity
  Non-
controlling
Interests
  Total  
 
  In millions, except number of shares in thousands
 

Balance October 31, 2009

    2,364,809   $ 24   $ 13,804   $ 29,936   $ (3,247 ) $ 40,517   $ 247   $ 40,764  

Net earnings

                      8,761           8,761           8,761  

Other comprehensive loss

                            (590 )   (590 )         (590 )
                                               

Comprehensive income

                                  8,171           8,171  
                                               

Issuance of common stock in connection with employee stock plans and other

    80,335     1     2,606                 2,607           2,607  

Repurchases of common stock

    (241,246 )   (3 )   (5,809 )   (5,259 )         (11,071 )         (11,071 )

Net excess tax benefits from employee stock plans

                300                 300           300  

Cash dividends declared

                      (743 )         (743 )         (743 )

Stock-based compensation expense

                668                 668           668  

Changes in non-controlling interest

                                        85     85  
                                   

Balance October 31, 2010

    2,203,898   $ 22   $ 11,569   $ 32,695   $ (3,837 ) $ 40,449   $ 332   $ 40,781  

Net earnings

                      7,074           7,074           7,074  

Other comprehensive income

                            339     339           339  
                                               

Comprehensive income

                                  7,413           7,413  
                                               

Issuance of common stock in connection with employee stock plans and other

    45,461     1     751                 752           752  

Repurchases of common stock

    (258,853 )   (3 )   (6,296 )   (3,669 )         (9,968 )         (9,968 )

Net excess tax benefits from employee stock plans

                128                 128           128  

Cash dividends declared

                      (834 )         (834 )         (834 )

Stock-based compensation expense

                685                 685           685  

Changes in non-controlling interest

                                        47     47  
                                   

Balance October 31, 2011

    1,990,506   $ 20   $ 6,837   $ 35,266   $ (3,498 ) $ 38,625   $ 379   $ 39,004  

Net loss

                      (12,650 )         (12,650 )         (12,650 )

Other comprehensive loss

                            (2,061 )   (2,061 )         (2,061 )
                                               

Comprehensive loss

                                  (14,711 )         (14,711 )
                                               

Issuance of common stock in connection with employee stock plans and other

    39,068           682     1           683           683  

Repurchases of common stock

    (66,736 )         (1,525 )   (101 )         (1,626 )         (1,626 )

Net excess tax benefits from employee stock plans

                (175 )               (175 )         (175 )

Cash dividends declared

                      (995 )         (995 )         (995 )

Stock-based compensation expense

                635                 635           635  

Changes in non-controlling interest

                                        18     18  
                                   

Balance October 31, 2012

    1,962,838   $ 20   $ 6,454   $ 21,521   $ (5,559 ) $ 22,436   $ 397   $ 22,833  
                                   

   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

        The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Hewlett-Packard Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and its controlled majority-owned subsidiaries (collectively, "HP"). HP accounts for equity investments in companies over which HP has the ability to exercise significant influence but does not hold a controlling interest under the equity method, and HP records its proportionate share of income or losses in interest and other, net in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings. HP has eliminated all significant intercompany accounts and transactions.

Reclassifications and Segment Reorganization

        In connection with organizational realignments implemented in the first quarter of fiscal 2012, certain costs previously reported as cost of sales have been reclassified as selling, general and administrative expenses to better align those costs with the functional areas that benefit from those expenditures. HP has made certain segment and business unit realignments in order to optimize its operating structure. Reclassifications of prior year financial information have been made to conform to the current year presentation. None of the changes impacts HP's previously reported consolidated net revenue, earnings from operations, net earnings or net earnings per share. See Note 19 for a further discussion of HP's segment reorganization.

Use of Estimates

        The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in HP's Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

        Net revenue is derived primarily from the sale of products and services. The following revenue recognition policies define the manner in which HP accounts for sales transactions.

        HP recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of a sales arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services are rendered, the sales price or fee is fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured. Additionally, HP recognizes hardware revenue on sales to channel partners, including resellers, distributors or value-added solution providers at the time of sale when the channel partners have economic substance apart from HP, and HP has completed its obligations related to the sale.

        HP's revenue recognition policies provide that, when a sales arrangement contains multiple elements, such as hardware and software products, licenses and/or services, HP allocates revenue to each element based on a selling price hierarchy. The selling price for a deliverable is based on its vendor specific objective evidence ("VSOE"), if available, third party evidence ("TPE") if VSOE is not available, or estimated selling price ("ESP") if neither VSOE nor TPE is available. In multiple element arrangements where more-than-incidental software deliverables are included, revenue is allocated to each separate unit of accounting for each of the non-software deliverables and to the software deliverables as a group using the relative selling prices of each of the deliverables in the arrangement based on the aforementioned selling price hierarchy. If the arrangement contains more than one

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Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

software deliverable, the arrangement consideration allocated to the software deliverables as a group is then allocated to each software deliverable using the guidance for recognizing software revenue.

        HP limits the amount of revenue recognition for delivered elements to the amount that is not contingent on the future delivery of products or services, future performance obligations or subject to customer-specified return or refund privileges.

        HP evaluates each deliverable in an arrangement to determine whether it represents a separate unit of accounting. A deliverable constitutes a separate unit of accounting when it has standalone value and there are no customer-negotiated refund or return rights for the delivered elements. If the arrangement includes a customer-negotiated refund or return right relative to the delivered item, and the delivery and performance of the undelivered item is considered probable and substantially in HP's control, the delivered element constitutes a separate unit of accounting. In instances when the aforementioned criteria are not met, the deliverable is combined with the undelivered elements and the allocation of the arrangement consideration and revenue recognition is determined for the combined unit as a single unit. Allocation of the consideration is determined at arrangement inception on the basis of each unit's relative selling price.

        HP establishes VSOE of selling price using the price charged for a deliverable when sold separately and, in rare instances, using the price established by management having the relevant authority. TPE of selling price is established by evaluating largely similar and interchangeable competitor products or services in standalone sales to similarly situated customers. The best estimate of selling price is established considering internal factors such as margin objectives, pricing practices and controls, customer segment pricing strategies and the product life cycle. Consideration is also given to market conditions, such as competitor pricing strategies and industry technology life cycles.

        In instances when revenue is derived from sales of third-party vendor services, revenue is recorded on a gross basis when HP is a principal to the transaction and net of costs when HP is acting as an agent between the customer and the vendor. Several factors are considered to determine whether HP is a principal or an agent, most notably whether HP is the primary obligor to the customer, has established its own pricing, and has inventory and credit risks.

        HP reports revenue net of any required taxes collected from customers and remitted to government authorities, with the collected taxes recorded as current liabilities until remitted to the relevant government authority.

        Under HP's standard terms and conditions of sale, HP transfers title and risk of loss to the customer at the time product is delivered to the customer and revenue is recognized accordingly, unless customer acceptance is uncertain or significant obligations remain. HP reduces revenue for estimated customer returns, price protection, rebates and other programs offered under sales agreements established by HP with its distributors and resellers. HP records revenue from the sale of equipment under sales-type leases as product revenue at the inception of the lease. HP accrues the estimated cost of post-sale obligations, including basic product warranties, based on historical experience, at the time HP recognizes revenue.

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Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

        In accordance with the specific guidance for recognizing software revenue, where applicable, HP recognizes revenue from perpetual software licenses at the inception of the license term, assuming all revenue recognition criteria have been met. Term-based software license revenue is recognized on a subscription basis over the term of the license entitlement. HP uses the residual method to allocate revenue to software licenses at the inception of the license term when VSOE of fair value for all undelivered elements exists, such as post-contract support, and all other revenue recognition criteria have been satisfied. Revenue generated from maintenance and unspecified upgrades or updates on a when-and-if-available basis is recognized over the period during which such items are delivered. HP recognizes revenue for software hosting or software-as-a-service (SaaS) arrangements as the service is delivered, generally on a straight-line basis, over the contractual period of performance. In software hosting arrangements where software licenses are sold, the associated software revenue is recognized according to whether perpetual licenses or term licenses are sold, subject to the above guidance. In SaaS arrangements where software licenses are not sold, the entire arrangement is recognized on a subscription basis over the term of the arrangement.

        HP recognizes revenue from fixed-price support or maintenance contracts, including extended warranty contracts and software post-contract customer support agreements, ratably over the contract period and recognizes the costs associated with these contracts as incurred. For time and material contracts, HP recognizes revenue and costs as services are rendered. HP recognizes revenue from fixed-price consulting arrangements over the contract period on a proportional performance basis, as determined by the relationship of actual labor costs incurred to date to the estimated total contract labor costs, with estimates regularly revised during the life of the contract. HP recognizes revenue on certain design and build (design, development and/or construction of software and/or systems) projects using the percentage-of-completion method. HP uses the cost-to-cost method of measurement towards completion as determined by the percentage of cost incurred to date to the total estimated costs of the project. HP uses the completed contract method if reasonable and reliable cost estimates for a project cannot be made.

        Outsourcing services revenue is generally recognized when the service is provided and the amount earned is not contingent upon any future event. If the service is provided evenly during the contract term but service billings are uneven, revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term. HP recognizes revenue from operating leases on a straight-line basis as service revenue over the rental period.

        HP recognizes costs associated with outsourcing contracts as incurred, unless such costs relate to the startup phase of the outsourcing contract which generally has no standalone value, in which case HP defers and subsequently amortizes these set-up costs over the contractual services period. Deferred contract costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining original term unless an accelerated method is deemed more appropriate. Based on actual and projected contract financial performance indicators, the recoverability of deferred contract costs associated with a particular contract is analyzed on a periodic basis using the undiscounted estimated cash flows of the whole contract over its remaining contract term. If such undiscounted cash flows are insufficient to recover the long-lived assets and deferred contract costs, the deferred contract costs are written down based on a discounted cash flow model. If a cash flow deficiency remains after reducing the balance of the

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Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

deferred contract costs to zero, any remaining long-lived assets related to that contract are evaluated for impairment. HP recognizes losses on consulting and outsourcing arrangements in the period in which such contractual losses become probable and estimable.

        HP records amounts invoiced to customers in excess of revenue recognized as deferred revenue until the revenue recognition criteria are met. HP records revenue that is earned and recognized in excess of amounts invoiced on fixed-price contracts as trade receivables.

        Sales-type and direct-financing leases produce financing income, which HP recognizes at consistent rates of return over the lease term.

        Deferred revenue represents amounts received in advance for product support contracts, software customer support contracts, outsourcing start-up services work, consulting and integration projects, product sales or leasing income. The product support contracts include stand-alone product support packages, routine maintenance service contracts, upgrades or extensions to standard product warranty, as well as high availability services for complex, global, networked, multi-vendor environments. HP defers these service amounts at the time HP bills the customer, and HP then generally recognizes the amounts ratably over the support contract life or as HP delivers the services. HP also defers and subsequently amortizes certain costs related to start-up activities that enable the performance of the customer's long-term services contract. Deferred contract costs, including start-up and other unbilled costs, are generally amortized on a straight-line basis over the contract term unless specific customer contract terms and conditions indicate a more accelerated method is more appropriate.

Shipping and Handling

        HP includes costs related to shipping and handling in cost of sales for all periods presented.

Advertising

        HP expenses advertising costs as incurred or when the advertising is first run. Such costs totaled approximately $1.0 billion in fiscal 2012, $1.2 billion in fiscal 2011 and $1.0 billion in fiscal 2010.

Stock-Based Compensation

        Stock-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards granted is determined based on the grant-date fair value. HP recognizes these compensation costs net of an estimated forfeiture rate, and recognizes compensation cost only for those shares expected to meet the service and performance vesting conditions, on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. These compensation costs are determined at the aggregate grant level for service-based awards and at the individual vesting tranche level for awards with performance and/or market conditions. HP estimates the forfeiture rate based on its historical experience.

Foreign Currency Translation

        HP uses the U.S. dollar predominately as its functional currency. Assets and liabilities denominated in non-U.S. dollars are remeasured into U.S. dollars at current exchange rates for

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Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

monetary assets and liabilities and at historical exchange rates for nonmonetary assets and liabilities. Net revenue, cost of sales and expenses are remeasured at average exchange rates in effect during each new reporting period, and net revenue, cost of sales and expenses related to the previously reported periods are remeasured at historical exchange rates. HP includes gains or losses from foreign currency remeasurement in net earnings. Certain foreign subsidiaries designate the local currency as their functional currency, and HP records the translation of their assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars at the balance sheet dates as translation adjustments and includes them as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss.

Taxes on Earnings

        HP recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts using enacted tax rates in effect for the year the differences are expected to reverse. HP records a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

        HP classifies investments as cash equivalents if the original maturity of an investment is three months or less. Cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments in time deposits held in major banks, money market funds and mutual funds. As of October 31, 2012 and 2011, the carrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value due to the short period of time to maturity.

Investments

        HP's investments consist principally of time deposits, institutional bonds, mutual funds, corporate debt, other debt securities, and equity securities of publicly-traded and privately-held companies.

        Debt and marketable equity securities are generally considered available-for-sale and are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses, net of applicable taxes, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss, a component of equity. The realized gains and losses for available-for-sale securities are included in other income and expense in the Consolidated Statement of Earnings. Realized gains and losses are calculated based on the specific identification method.

        HP monitors its investment portfolio for impairment on a periodic basis. When the carrying value of an investment in debt securities exceeds its fair value and the decline in value is determined to be an other-than-temporary decline, and when HP does not intend to sell the debt securities and it is not more likely than not that HP will be required to sell the debt securities prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, HP records an impairment charge to Interest and other, net in the amount of the credit loss and the balance, if any, to other comprehensive income (loss). HP carries equity investments in privately-held companies at cost or at fair value when HP recognizes an other-than-temporary impairment charge.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

        Financial instruments that potentially subject HP to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, investments, accounts receivable from trade customers and from contract manufacturers, financing receivables and derivatives.

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Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

        HP maintains cash and cash equivalents, short- and long-term investments, derivatives and certain other financial instruments with various financial institutions. These financial institutions are located in many different geographical regions, and HP's policy is designed to limit exposure with any one institution. As part of its cash and risk management processes, HP performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of the financial institutions. HP has not sustained material credit losses from instruments held at financial institutions. HP utilizes forward contracts and other derivative contracts to protect against the effects of foreign currency fluctuations. Such contracts involve the risk of non-performance by the counterparty, which could result in a material loss.

        HP sells a significant portion of its products through third-party distributors and resellers and, as a result, maintains individually significant receivable balances with these parties. If the financial condition or operations of all of these distributors' and resellers' aggregated accounts deteriorate substantially, HP's operating results could be adversely affected. The ten largest distributor and reseller receivable balances, which were concentrated primarily in North America and Europe, collectively represented approximately 14% of gross accounts receivable at both October 31, 2012 and October 31, 2011. No single customer accounts for more than 10% of accounts receivable. Credit risk with respect to other accounts receivable and financing receivables is generally diversified due to the large number of entities comprising HP's customer base and their dispersion across many different industries and geographical regions. HP performs ongoing credit evaluations of the financial condition of its third-party distributors, resellers and other customers and requires collateral, such as letters of credit and bank guarantees, in certain circumstances. The past due or delinquency status of a receivable is based on the contractual payment terms of the receivable.

Other Concentration

        HP obtains a significant number of components from single source suppliers due to technology, availability, price, quality or other considerations. The loss of a single source supplier, the deterioration of HP's relationship with a single source supplier, or any unilateral modification to the contractual terms under which HP is supplied components by a single source supplier could adversely affect HP's revenue and gross margins.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

        HP establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts for trade and financing receivables. HP maintains bad debt reserves based on a variety of factors, including the length of time receivables are past due, trends in overall weighted-average risk rating of the total portfolio, macroeconomic conditions, significant one-time events, historical experience and the use of third-party credit risk models that generate quantitative measures of default probabilities based on market factors and the financial condition of customers. HP records a specific reserve for individual accounts when HP becomes aware of specific customer circumstances, such as in the case of bankruptcy filings or deterioration in the customer's operating results or financial position. If there are additional changes in the circumstances related to the specific customer, HP further adjusts estimates of the recoverability of receivables.

        See Note 11 for a full description of the credit quality of financing receivables and the allowance for credit losses.

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Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Inventory

        HP values inventory at the lower of cost or market, with cost computed on a first-in, first-out basis. Adjustments to reduce the cost of inventory to its net realizable value are made, if required, for estimated excess, obsolescence or impaired balances.

Property, Plant and Equipment

        HP states property, plant and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation. HP capitalizes additions and improvements and expenses maintenance and repairs as incurred. Depreciation is computed using straight-line or accelerated methods over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives are five to 40 years for buildings and improvements and three to 15 years for machinery and equipment. HP depreciates leasehold improvements over the life of the lease or the asset, whichever is shorter. HP depreciates equipment held for lease over the initial term of the lease to the equipment's estimated residual value. The estimated useful lives of assets used solely to support a customer services contract generally do not exceed the term of the customer contract. Upon retirement or disposition, the asset cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed with any gain or loss recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

        HP capitalizes certain internal and external costs incurred to acquire or create internal use software, principally related to software coding, designing system interfaces and installation and testing of the software. HP amortizes capitalized internal use software costs using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the software, generally from three to five years.

Software Development Costs

        Costs incurred to acquire or develop software for resale are capitalized subsequent to the software product establishing technological feasibility, if significant. Capitalized software development costs are amortized using the greater of the straight-line amortization method or the ratio that current gross revenues for a product bear to the total current and anticipated future gross revenues for that product. The estimated useful lives for capitalized software for resale are generally three years or less. Software development costs incurred subsequent to a product establishing technological feasibility are usually not significant. In those instances, such costs are expensed as incurred.

Business Combinations

        HP includes the results of operations of the businesses that it has acquired in HP's consolidated results as of the respective dates of acquisition. HP allocates the fair value of the purchase consideration of its acquisitions to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed and intangible assets acquired, including in-process research and development ("IPR&D"), based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. The primary items that generate goodwill include the value of the synergies between the acquired companies and HP and the acquired assembled workforce, neither of which qualifies as an amortizable intangible asset. IPR&D is initially capitalized at fair value as an intangible asset with an indefinite life and assessed for impairment thereafter. When the IPR&D project is complete, it is reclassified as an amortizable purchased intangible asset and is amortized over its estimated useful life. If an IPR&D project is abandoned, HP records a charge for the value of the related intangible asset to HP's Consolidated Statement of Earnings in the period it is abandoned.

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Acquisition-related expenses and restructuring costs are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred.

Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets

        Goodwill and purchased intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized but are tested for impairment at least annually. HP reviews goodwill and purchased intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment annually at the beginning of its fourth fiscal quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. For goodwill, HP performs a two-step impairment test. In the first step, HP compares the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. HP determines the fair values of its reporting units using a weighting of fair values derived most significantly from the income approach and to a lesser extent the market approach. Under the income approach, HP calculates the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on management's estimates of revenue growth rates and operating margins, taking into consideration industry and market conditions. The discount rate used is based on the weighted-average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with business-specific characteristics and the uncertainty related to the business's ability to execute on the projected cash flows. Under the market approach, HP estimates the fair value based on market multiples of revenue and earnings derived from comparable publicly-traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit. The weighting of the fair value derived from the market approach ranges from 0% to 50% depending on the level of comparability of these publicly-traded companies to the reporting unit. When market comparables are not meaningful or not available, HP may estimate the fair value of a reporting unit using only the income approach. In order to assess the reasonableness of the calculated fair values of its reporting units, HP also compares the sum of the reporting units' fair values to HP's market capitalization and calculates an implied control premium (the excess of the sum of the reporting units' fair values over the market capitalization). HP evaluates the control premium by comparing it to control premiums of recent comparable transactions. If the implied control premium is not reasonable in light of these recent transactions, HP will reevaluate its fair value estimates of the reporting units by adjusting the discount rates and/or other assumptions. As a result, when there is a significant decline in HP's stock price, as occurred during fiscal 2012, this reevaluation could correlate to lower estimated fair values for certain or all of HP's reporting units. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of the net assets assigned to that unit, goodwill is not impaired, and no further testing is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, HP must perform the second step of the impairment test to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. In the second step, the reporting unit's fair value is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit, including any unrecognized intangible assets, in a hypothetical analysis that calculates the implied fair value of goodwill in the same manner as if the reporting unit was being acquired in a business combination. If the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill is less than the carrying value, the difference is recorded as an impairment loss.

        Except for Services, Software and Corporate Investments, HP's reporting units are consistent with the reportable segments identified in Note 19. The enterprise services ("ES") and technology services ("TS") businesses are the reporting units within the Services segment. ES includes the Infrastructure Technology Outsourcing ("ITO") and Application and Business Services ("ABS") business units. The Software segment includes two reporting units, which are Autonomy Corporation plc ("Autonomy") and

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Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

the legacy HP software business. The webOS business is also a separate reporting unit within the Corporate Investments segment.

        HP estimates the fair value of indefinite-lived purchased intangible assets using an income approach. HP recognizes an impairment loss when the estimated fair value of the indefinite-lived purchased intangible assets is less than the carrying value.

        HP reviews purchased intangible assets with finite lives for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these intangible assets is assessed based on the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying value, the purchased intangible assets with finite lives are considered to be impaired. The amount of the impairment loss, if any, is measured as the difference between the carrying amount of these assets and the fair value based on a discounted cash flow approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values.

        HP amortizes purchased intangible assets with finite lives using the straight-line method over the estimated economic lives of the assets, ranging from one to ten years.

Long-Lived Asset Impairment

        HP evaluates long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. HP assesses the recoverability of the assets based on the undiscounted future cash flow and recognizes an impairment loss when the estimated undiscounted future cash flow expected to result from the use of the asset plus the net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset, if any, are less than the carrying value of the asset. When HP identifies an impairment, HP reduces the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flow approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

        HP measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Financial instruments are primarily comprised of time deposits, money market funds, corporate and other debt securities, equity securities and other investments in common stock and common stock equivalents and derivatives. See Note 9 for a further discussion on fair value of financial instruments.

Derivative Financial Instruments

        HP uses derivative financial instruments, primarily forwards, swaps, and options, to hedge certain foreign currency and interest rate exposures. HP also may use other derivative instruments not designated as hedges, such as forwards used to hedge foreign currency balance sheet exposures. HP does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. See Note 10 for a full description of HP's derivative financial instrument activities and related accounting policies.

Retirement and Post-Retirement Plans

        HP has various defined benefit, other contributory and noncontributory retirement and post-retirement plans. HP generally amortizes unrecognized actuarial gains and losses on a straight-line

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

basis over the remaining estimated service life of participants. The measurement date for all HP plans is October 31. See Note 16 for a full description of these plans and the accounting and funding policies.

Loss Contingencies

        HP is involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations and proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. HP records a loss provision when it believes it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. See Note 18 for a full description of HP's loss contingencies and related accounting policies.

Accounting Pronouncements

        In September 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued new guidance on testing goodwill for impairment. The new guidance will allow an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. An entity no longer will be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. HP adopted this accounting standard in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2012. For HP's annual goodwill impairment test in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, HP performed a quantitative test for all of its reporting units. Due to the recent trading values of HP's stock price, HP believed it was appropriate to have recent fair values for each of its reporting units in order to assess the reasonableness of the sum of these fair values as compared to HP's market capitalization.


Note 2: Stock-Based Compensation

        HP's stock-based compensation plans include incentive compensation plans and an employee stock purchase plan ("ESPP").

Stock-Based Compensation Expense and Related Income Tax Benefits

        Total stock-based compensation expense before income taxes for fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $635 million, $685 million and $668 million, respectively. The resulting income tax benefit for fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $197 million, $219 million and $216 million, respectively.

        Cash received from option exercises and purchases under the ESPP was $0.7 billion in fiscal 2012, $0.9 billion in fiscal 2011 and $2.6 billion for fiscal 2010. The benefit realized for the tax deduction from option exercises of the share-based payment awards in fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $57 million, $220 million and $414 million, respectively.

Incentive Compensation Plans

        HP's incentive compensation plans include principal equity plans adopted in 2004 (as amended in 2010), 2000 and 1995 ("principal equity plans"), as well as various equity plans assumed through acquisitions under which stock-based awards are outstanding. Stock-based awards granted from the principal equity plans include restricted stock awards, stock options and performance-based restricted units ("PRUs"). Employees meeting certain employment qualifications are eligible to receive stock-based awards.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Note 2: Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)

        Under the principal equity plans, HP granted certain employees restricted stock awards, cash-settled awards, or both. Restricted stock awards are non-vested stock awards that may include grants of restricted stock or grants of restricted stock units. Restricted stock awards and cash-settled awards are generally subject to forfeiture if employment terminates prior to the release of the restrictions. Such awards generally vest one to three years from the date of grant. During that period, ownership of the shares cannot be transferred. Restricted stock has the same cash dividend and voting rights as other common stock and is considered to be currently issued and outstanding. Restricted stock units have dividend equivalent rights equal to the cash dividend paid on restricted stock. Restricted stock units do not have the voting rights of common stock, and the shares underlying the restricted stock units are not considered issued and outstanding. However, shares underlying restricted stock units are included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share ("EPS"). HP expenses the fair market value of restricted stock awards, as determined on the date of grant, ratably over the period during which the restrictions lapse.

        Stock options granted under the principal equity plans are generally non-qualified stock options, but the principal equity plans permit some options granted to qualify as "incentive stock options" under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Stock options generally vest over three to four years from the date of grant. The exercise price of a stock option is equal to the fair market value of HP's common stock on the option grant date (as determined by the reported sale prices of HP's common stock when the market closes on that date). In fiscal 2012 and 2011, HP granted performance-contingent stock options that vest only upon the satisfaction of both service and market conditions prior to the expiration of the awards.

        HP's PRU program provides for the issuance of PRUs representing hypothetical shares of HP common stock. Each PRU award reflects a target number of shares ("Target Shares") that may be issued to the award recipient before adjusting for performance and market conditions. The actual number of shares the recipient receives is determined at the end of a three-year performance period based on results achieved versus company performance goals and may range from 0% to 200% of the Target Shares granted. The performance goals for PRUs granted in fiscal year 2012 are based on HP's annual cash flow from operations as a percentage of revenue and on HP's annual revenue growth. The performance goals for PRUs granted in previous years are based on HP's annual cash flow from operations as a percentage of revenue and on a market condition based on total shareholder return ("TSR") relative to the S&P 500 over the three-year performance period.

        Recipients of PRU awards generally must remain employed by HP on a continuous basis through the end of the applicable three-year performance period in order to receive any portion of the shares subject to that award. Target Shares subject to PRU awards do not have dividend equivalent rights and do not have the voting rights of common stock until earned and issued, following the end of the applicable performance period. The expense for these awards, net of estimated forfeitures, is recorded over the requisite service period based on the number of Target Shares that are expected to be earned and the achievement of the cash flow and revenue growth goals during the performance period.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Note 2: Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)

        Non-vested restricted stock awards as of October 31, 2012 and 2011 and changes during fiscal 2012 and 2011 were as follows:

 
  2012   2011  
 
  Shares   Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Per Share
  Shares   Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Per Share
 
 
  In thousands
   
  In thousands
   
 

Outstanding at beginning of year

    16,813   $ 39     5,848   $ 45  

Granted

    20,316   $ 27     17,569   $ 38  

Vested

    (8,521 ) $ 38     (5,660 ) $ 41  

Forfeited

    (3,076 ) $ 34     (944 ) $ 43  
                       

Outstanding at end of year

    25,532   $ 31     16,813   $ 39  
                       

        The details of restricted stock awards granted were as follows:

 
  2012   2011  
 
  Shares   Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair
Value
Per Share
  Shares   Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair
Value
Per Share
 
 
  In thousands
   
  In thousands
   
 

Restricted stock

      $     335   $ 42  

Restricted stock units

    20,316   $ 27     17,234   $ 38  
                       

    20,316   $ 27     17,569   $ 38  
                       

        The details of non-vested restricted stock awards at fiscal year end were as follows:

 
  2012   2011  
 
  Shares in thousands
 

Non-vested at October 31:

             

Restricted stock

    349     984  

Restricted stock units

    25,183     15,829  
           

    25,532     16,813  
           

        At October 31, 2012, there was $508 million of unrecognized pre-tax stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested restricted stock awards, which HP expected to recognize over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 1.3 years. At October 31, 2011, there was $526 million of unrecognized pre-tax stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested restricted stock awards, which HP expected to recognize over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 1.4 years.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Note 2: Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)

        HP utilized the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value the service-based stock options granted under its principal equity plans. HP examined its historical pattern of option exercises in an effort to determine if there were any discernable activity patterns based on certain employee populations. From this analysis, HP identified three employee populations for which to apply the Black-Scholes model. The table below presents the weighted-average expected life in months of the combined three identified employee populations. The expected life computation is based on historical exercise patterns and post-vesting termination behavior within each of the three populations identified. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the award is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. HP estimates the fair value of the performance-contingent stock options using a combination of the Monte Carlo simulation model and lattice model, as these awards contain market conditions.

        HP estimated the weighted-average fair value of stock options using the following weighted-average assumptions:

 
  2012   2011   2010  

Weighted-average fair value of grants per share(1)

  $ 9.06   $ 7.85   $ 13.33  

Implied volatility

    42 %   41 %   30 %

Risk-free interest rate

    1.17 %   1.20 %   2.06 %

Dividend yield

    1.83 %   1.97 %   0.68 %

Expected life in months

    67     63     61  

(1)
The fair value calculation was based on stock options granted during the period.

        Option activity as of October 31 during each fiscal year was as follows:

 
  2012   2011  
 
  Shares   Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Per Share
  Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
  Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
  Shares   Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Per Share
  Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
  Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 
 
  In thousands
   
  In years
  In millions
  In thousands
   
  In years
  In millions
 

Outstanding at beginning of year

    120,243   $ 28                 142,916   $ 28              

Granted and assumed through acquisitions

    7,529   $ 27                 18,804   $ 21              

Exercised

    (29,683 ) $ 20                 (37,121 ) $ 23              

Forfeited/cancelled/expired

    (10,793 ) $ 35                 (4,356 ) $ 39              
                                               

Outstanding at end of year

    87,296   $ 29     3.0   $ 15     120,243   $ 28     3.0   $ 460  
                                               

Vested and expected to vest at end of year

    85,935   $ 29     2.9   $ 15     117,066   $ 28     2.9   $ 442  
                                               

Exercisable at end of year

    68,437   $ 31     1.9   $ 12     97,967   $ 29     2.0   $ 332  
                                               

        In connection with fiscal 2011 acquisitions, HP assumed options to purchase approximately 6 million shares with a weighted-average exercise price of $14 per share.

        The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value that option holders would have received had all option holders exercised their options on October 31, 2012

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Note 2: Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)

and 2011. The aggregate intrinsic value is the difference between HP's closing stock price on the last trading day of fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options. Total intrinsic value of options exercised in fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $0.2 billion, $0.7 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively. Total grant date fair value of options vested and expensed in fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $104 million, $95 million and $93 million, respectively, net of taxes.

        Information about options outstanding at October 31, 2012 was as follows:

 
  Options Outstanding   Options Exercisable  
Range of Exercise Prices
  Shares
Outstanding
  Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
  Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Per Share
  Shares
Exercisable
  Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Per Share
 
 
  In thousands
  In years
   
  In thousands
   
 

$0-$9.99

    1,097     5.3   $ 6     994   $ 6  

$10-$19.99

    8,441     5.3   $ 14     4,622   $ 14  

$20-$29.99

    36,396     3.6   $ 24     22,369   $ 23  

$30-$39.99

    21,962     1.4   $ 32     21,645   $ 32  

$40-$49.99

    18,313     2.3   $ 43     17,945   $ 43  

$50-$59.99

    810     4.2   $ 52     585   $ 52  

$60 and over

    277     1.5   $ 75     277   $ 75  
                             

    87,296     3.0   $ 29     68,437   $ 31  
                             

        At October 31, 2012, there was $157 million of unrecognized pre-tax stock-based compensation expense related to stock options, which HP expected to recognize over a weighted-average vesting period of 1.8 years. At October 31, 2011, there was $264 million of unrecognized pre-tax stock-based compensation expense related to stock options, which HP expected to recognize over a weighted-average vesting period of 2.3 years.

        For PRU awards granted in fiscal year 2012, HP estimates the fair value of the Target Shares using HP's closing stock price on the measurement date. The weighted-average fair value per share for the first year of the three-year performance period applicable to PRUs granted in fiscal year 2012 was $27.00. The estimated fair value of the Target Shares for the second and third years for PRUs granted in fiscal year 2012 will be determined on the measurement date applicable to th